394
ULTRA-WIDEBAND TEM-HORN AND HIGH POWER RADIATORS
V.
M.
F
EDOROV
,
R
USSIA
,
E.
F.
L
EBEDEV
,
R
USSIA
,
V.
E.
O
STASHEV
,
R
USSIA
,
V.
P.
T
ARAKANOV
,
R
USSIA
,
A.
V.
U
L
’
YANOV
,
R
USSIA
Institute for High Energy Densities of AIHT of RAS, vmfedorov@ihed.ras.ru
Abstract. Results of creation and diagnostics of the high power radiators for electromagnetic waves of sub-
nanosecond pulses with ultra-wideband (UWB) frequency spectrum are presented in this article. The spec-
trum of the electromagnetic high power radiation occupies a frequency range out of 100 MHz up to 10 GHz.
This electromagnetic high power radiation can be successfully used to examine on electromagnetic compati-
bility of various electronic devices. One module of the multi-unit radiator was made of the UWB radiation
antenna of a TEM-horn type and the high power semiconductor generator (“FID Technology”) with about
10 kV pulsed voltage of the rise time of less 100ps and repetition pulses up to 100 kHz as well as synchro-
nizing unit. We have used experimental and computer modeling methods to investigate the non-stationary
processes in a generation of the UWB radiation by the TEM-horn antennas and at propagation and receiving
of the electromagnetic video-pulses.
Introduction
The high power semiconductor generators with re-
peated sub-nanosecond pulses are developed last years
and successfully used [1-4]. They are applied as a power
source for a radiation of electromagnetic sub-nanosecond
video-pulsed with ultra-wideband frequency spectrum
(UWB radiation). The giga-watt-range power UWB ra-
diators with controlled parameters can be constructed as
multi-source system using the UWB radiators with semi-
conductor generators [3, 4]. At this way few problems
are arisen like electromagnetic compatibility of the high
power sources with the triggering and control systems
(low voltage pulses), realization of low jitter of delay
time between the UWB radiators, compatibility of high
voltage insulation and wideband frequency in the an-
tenna unit. The electromagnetic high power radiation in
the frequency range of 100 MHz - 10 GHz is possible
realized with using TEM-horn antennas and the high
power generators with pulsed voltage of the rise time of
50ps. Analyses of results on creation and diagnostics of
the high power radiators for video-pulses of sub-
nanosecond duration will be presented in this article.
Ultra fast measuring devices
The measurements of sub-nanosecond electrical
pulses from electromagnetic sensors with short cables
and to place at not large distance from the high power
radiators are produced using two devices. First of all we
use the TMR18 [5] – digital sampling registrar for elec-
trical signals with DC-18 GHz bandwidth. It was placed
into metallic full electrical shielding box. The registrar
was controlled by removed computer with optical net-
work cable. In the second, we use digital sampling ana-
lyzer of the DSA8200 (Tektronix) with 30 GHz band-
width. The analyzer connects with remote (2m cable) the
electrical sampling module of the 80E07. The DSA8200
main frame was placed into electrical shielding box.
Check-up of diagnostic feeders and voltage dividers was
made using the DSA8200 with remote sampling module
of the 80E08 for time-domain- reflectometry (TDR)
measurements.
Few test generators (TRIM Ltd [5]) with low volt-
age pulses were used. In particular, TMG30-35 (bell
pulse – V
TMG
=25V, T
0.5
=35ps), TMG60-50 (triangle -
54V, T
f
=57ps), TMG40-20 (rectangle – 33V, T
f
=19ps).
These generators are used at experiments to measure a
sensitivity of electromagnetic sensors and a voltage ratio
for the high voltage divider. The measurements were
provided using the attenuators (2.92mm connectors) with
40GHz bandwidth (SM Electronics Co.).
EMW sensors and reciprocity for pulsed anten-
nas
The E(t) electric field in electromagnetic traveling
wave (EMW) is measured by few sensors: the TMA18
and TMA20- test receive antennas [5] with bandwidth at
0.3-18 GHz and at 1-20 GHz; and linear strip transducer
of LTF2 (IHED RAS). Antennas of the TMA have big
effective receive aperture (cross-section of open metallic
waveguides: 28x38cm and 11x15cm). They provide high
sensitivity of V
TMA
(t)=K
TMA
*E(t): K
TMA18
≈60 V/(kV/m),
K
TMA20
≈26 V/(kV/m). They allow to measure waves of
the pulse radiation on distances more 10m when we use
the low voltage generators to excite antennas. Some de-
fect of the TMA receive antennas for the time-domain
measurement of the E(t) electric fields are non constant
of the K
TMA
value at ultra broad frequency bandwidth (to
cut down at lower frequency). At result, they produce a
distortion of the E(t) signals like distortion will be pro-
duced the “C-R” differentiating circuit. Part of test sys-
tem with the TMA18 antenna is shown in Fig.1.
The E(t) signals generating at during of a limited
time interval (e.g. UWB pulse radiation) may be meas-
ured by a linear strip sensor (ch.3 at [6]). We constructed
the LTF2 sensor of like that type with parameters: T
f
≈20ps- transient response rise time; T
max
=2.8ns- time
interval; K
LTF2
=0.4V/(kV/m)- sensitivity; 0.5m- cable
length to connect. Low sensitivity of the sensor is due to