Василевич Г.А. (ред.) Сборник нормативных правовых актов о труде. В 2 т. Том 1

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onp“dnj m`knfemh“ h ophbedemh“ b hqonkmemhe

dhq0hokhm`pm{u bg{qj`mhi

25.>m= !=K%2…,*= %!ã=…%" , C%ä!=ƒäë…,L C% ÷!ƒ"/÷=L…/ì “,23-

=ö, ì, ä%C3“2,"øã% …=!3ø…, ä,“ö,Cë,…/, ì%ã32 …=ë=ã=2ü“ 2%ëü*%

2 ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…/ "ƒ/“*=…, , *%2%!/ C!ä3“ì%2!…/ …=“2% ?,ì r“-

2="%ì.

26.>o!, …=ë%›…,, ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…%ã% "ƒ/“*=…, C!,…,ì=þ2“ "%

"…,ì=…, .=!=*2! C!%“23C*=, %K“2% 2ëü“2"= ã% “%"!ø…, , …=“23-

C,"ø, C%“ëä“2", , %2…%ø…, !=K%2…,*= %!ã=…%" , C%ä!=ƒäë…,L C%

÷!ƒ"/÷=L…/ì “,23=ö, ì * “ë3›K.

27.>g= “%"!ø……/L ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…/L C!%“23C%* ì%›2 K/2ü …=ë%-

›…% 2%ëü*% %ä…% ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…% "ƒ/“*=…,.

g=C!?=2“ ƒ= %ä,… , 2%2 › ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…/L C!%“23C%* …=C!="-

ë 2ü ì=2!,=ë/ …= !=““ì%2!…, 2%"=!,?“*%ã% “3ä= , %ä…%"!ì……%

C%ä"!ã=2ü ",…%"…%ã% ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…%ì3 "ƒ/“*=…,þ.

o!, “%"ì“2…%ì …=!3ø…,, ä,“ö,Cë,…/ …“*%ëü*,ì, ë,ö=ì, ä,“-

ö,Cë,…=!…/ "ƒ/“*=…, …=ë=ã=þ2“ …= *=›ä%ã% ",…%"…%ã%.

28.>d,“ö,Cë,…=!…/ "ƒ/“*=…, …= !=K%2…,*= %!ã=…%" , C%ä!=ƒä-

ë…,L C% ÷!ƒ"/÷=L…/ì “,23=ö, ì ƒ= C!%“23C*,, “%"!ø……/ ,ì "%

"!ì ä›3!“2"=, …“…, *=!=3ëü…%L “ë3›K/, …=ë=ã=þ2“ 2%ëü*% C%“ë

“ì…/ “ ä›3!“2"=, *=!=3ë= ,ë, C%“ë %2“2!=……, ã% %2 ,“C%ë……,

“ë3›K…/. %K ƒ=……%“2L, ƒ=ì…/ ä!3ã,ì !=K%2…,*%ì.

m=ë%›…, ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…%ã% "ƒ/“*=…, …= !=K%2…,*= %!ã=…%" ,

C%ä!=ƒäë…,L C% ÷!ƒ"/÷=L…/ì “,23=ö, ì, …=.%ä ?ã%“ " “%“2% …,,

%Cü ……, , = 2=*› C%ë3÷…, %2 …ã% %KA “……,L C!%,ƒ"%ä 2“ C%“ë

ã% "/2!ƒ"ë…, .

29.>d% …=ë%›…, ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…%ã% "ƒ/“*=…, %2 !=K%2…,*= %!ã=-

…%" , C%ä!=ƒäë…,L C% ÷!ƒ"/÷=L…/ì “,23=ö, ì, C!,"ë*=ì%ã% * %2-

"2“2"……%“2,, ä%ë›…% K/2ü ,“2!K%"=…% C,“üì……% %KA “……,. b …%K-

.%ä,ì/. “ë3÷= . C!%"%ä,2“ C!%"!*= 3*=ƒ=……/. " %KA “……,, “"ä-

…,L “ "/…“…,ì ƒ=*ëþ÷…, C% !ƒ3ëü2=2=ì ä=……%L C!%"!*,.

n2*=ƒ !=K%2…,*= %!ã=…%" , C%ä!=ƒäë…,L C% ÷!ƒ"/÷=L…/ì “,23=-

ö, ì ä=2ü C,“üì……% %KA “……, … "ë 2“ C!C 2“2",ì äë …=ë%-

›…, …= …ã% ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…%ã% "ƒ/“*=…, .

30.>m=ë%›…, …= !=K%2…,*= %!ã=…%" , C%ä!=ƒäë…,L C% ÷!ƒ"/-

÷=L…/ì “,23=ö, ì ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…%ã% "ƒ/“*=…, C!%,ƒ"%ä,2“ … C%-

ƒä… %ä…%ã% ì“ ö= “% ä… , *%ãä= …=÷=ëü…,*3 “2=ë% ,ƒ"“2…% % “%"!ø…-

…%ì C!%“23C*, … “÷,2= "!ì…, K%ëƒ…, ",…%"…%ã% ,ë, …=.%›ä…,

ã% " %2C3“*, *%ì=…ä,!%"*.

b “ë3÷= C!%"ä…, “ë3›K…%L C!%"!*, ,ë, "%ƒK3›ä…, " %2…%-

ø…,, !=K%2…,*= %!ã=…%" , C%ä!=ƒäë…,L C% ÷!ƒ"/÷=L…/ì “,23=ö,-

ì 3ã%ë%"…%ã% äë= ë,K% C!%,ƒ"%ä“2"= %K =äì,…,“2!=2,"…%ì C!="%…=!3-

ø…,, ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…% "ƒ/“*=…, …=ë=ã=2“ …= ",…%"…%ã% … C%ƒä…

%ä…%ã% ì“ ö= “% ä… 32"!›ä…, ƒ=*ëþ÷…, C% ì=2!,=ë=ì “ë3›K-

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…%L C!%"!*, ,ë, C!*!=?…, 3ã%ë%"…%ã% äë= ë,K% äë= %K =äì,…,“2-

!=2,"…%ì C!="%…=!3ø…,,.

d,“ö,Cë,…=!…% "ƒ/“*=…, " “" ƒ, “ .%ä=2=L“2"%ì 2%"=!,?“*%ã%

“3ä= ì%›2 K/2ü …=ë%›…% … C%ƒä… %ä…%ã% ì“ ö= “ ì%ì…2= C%“23Cë-

…, !ø…, ä=……%ã% “3ä= …=÷=ëü…,*3.

31.>d,“ö,Cë,…=!…% "ƒ/“*=…, … ì%›2 K/2ü …=ë%›…% "% "!ì

K%ëƒ…, !=K%2…,*= %!ã=…%" , C%ä!=ƒäë…,L C% ÷!ƒ"/÷=L…/ì “,23=ö,-

ì ë,K% " C!,%ä …=.%›ä…, ã% " %2C3“* ,ë, *%ì=…ä,!%"*, = 2=*›

“ë, “% ä… “%"!ø…, C!%“23C*= C!%øë% K%ë ø“2, ì“ ö", = C%

!ƒ3ëü2=2=ì !",ƒ,, ,ë, C!%"!*, -,…=…“%"%-.%ƒ L“2"……%L ä 2ëü-

…%“2,>$ K%ë ä"3. ë2 “% ä… “%"!ø…, C!%“23C*=.

32.>o!,*=ƒ % …=ë%›…,, ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…%ã% "ƒ/“*=…, “ 3*=ƒ=…,ì

ì%2,"%" ã% …=ë%›…, %KA "ë 2“ !=K%2…,*3 %!ã=…%" , C%ä!=ƒäë…,L

C% ÷!ƒ"/÷=L…/ì “,23=ö, ì, C%ä"!ã…32%ì3 "ƒ/“*=…,þ, C%ä !=“C,“*3.

n2*=ƒ !=K%2…,*= %!ã=…%" , C%ä!=ƒäë…,L C% ÷!ƒ"/÷=L…/ì “,23=-

ö, ì %2 %ƒ…=*%ìë…, C%ä !=“C,“*3 “ C!,*=ƒ%ì % …=ë%›…,, ä,“ö,Cë,-

…=!…%ã% "ƒ/“*=…, ë,K% %2 ä=÷, C,“üì……%ã% %KA “……, %K %K“2% 2ëü-

“2"=. “%"!ø…, C!="%…=!3ø…, %-%!ìë 2“ =*2%ì, C%äC,“/"=ì/ì

“%%2"2“2"3þ?,ì ä%ë›…%“2…/ì ë,ö%ì.

33.>bƒ/“*=…, " ",ä ƒ=ì÷=…, , "/ã%"%!=, …=ƒ…=÷…, "… %÷!ä,

" …=! ä C% “ë3›K, ë,ø…, 3"%ëü……, ,ƒ !=“C%ë%›…, %K!=ƒ%"=2ëü-

…%ã% 3÷!›ä…, ì%›2 K/2ü %KA "ë…% 3“2…%.

34.>r"%ëü……, !=K%2…,*= ,ƒ %!ã=…%" , C%ä!=ƒäë…,L C% ÷!ƒ"/-

÷=L…/ì “,23=ö, ì C!%,ƒ"%ä,2“ …=÷=ëü…,*=ì, " C!äë=. C!ä%“2="-

ë……/. ,ì C!=" ƒ= “,“2ì=2,÷“*% …=!3ø…, ä,“ö,Cë,…/ ,ë, ƒ= “%-

"!ø…, C!%“23C*=, …“%"ì“2,ì%ã% “ C!K/"=…,ì …= “ë3›K " %!ã=…=.

, C%ä!=ƒäë…, . C% ÷!ƒ"/÷=L…/ì “,23=ö, ì.

35.>o!, …=ë%›…,, "ƒ/“*=…, … ä%C3“*=þ2“ ã!3K%“2ü, 3…,›…,

ë,÷…%ã% ä%“2%,…“2"= !=K%2…,*= %!ã=…%" , C%ä!=ƒäë…,L C% ÷!ƒ"/÷=L-

…/ì “,23=ö, ì.

36.>e“ë, …=÷=ëü…,* C!,ƒ…=2 C!ä%“2="ë……/ ì3 ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…/

C!="= …ä%“2=2%÷…/ì,, 2% %… ì%›2 .%ä=2=L“2"%"=2ü % …=*=ƒ=…,, ",…%"-

…%ã% ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…/ì, C!="=ì, "/ø“2% ?ã% C! ì%ã% …=÷=ëü…,*=.

b/ø“2% ?,L C! ì%L …=÷=ëü…,* ,ì2 C!="% %2ì…,2ü ä,“ö,Cë,-

…=!…% "ƒ/“*=…,, …=ë%›……% ìë=äø,ì …=÷=ëü…,*%ì, “ë, C%“÷,2=2,

÷2% .2% "ƒ/“*=…, "",ä3 ì ã*%“2, … “%%2"2“2"32 2 ›“2, C!%“23C*=, ,

…=ë%›,2ü K%ë “2!%ã% "ƒ/“*=…,.

37.>p=K%2…,*, %!ã=…%" , C%ä!=ƒäë…,L C% ÷!ƒ"/÷=L…/ì “,23=-

ö, ì, C%ä"!ã…32/ ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…%ì3 "ƒ/“*=…,þ, … %“"%K%›ä=þ2“ %2

%2"2“2"……%“2, ƒ= C!,÷,………/L 3?!K.

38.>d,“ö,Cë,…=!…% "ƒ/“*=…, C!,"%ä,2“ " ,“C%ë……, …ìäë…-

…%. d,“ö,Cë,…=!…% "ƒ/“*=…, " ",ä C%…,›…, " ä%ë›…%“2,, 3"%ëü…-

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…, ,ƒ %!ã=…%" , C%ä!=ƒäë…,L C% ÷!ƒ"/÷=L…/ì “,23=ö, ì C!,"%ä,2-

“ " ,“C%ë……, … C%ƒä… %ä…%ã% ì“ ö= “% ä… ã% …=ë%›…, .

o% ,“2÷…,, ì“ ÷…%ã% “!%*= "ƒ/“*=…, " ,“C%ë……, … C!,"%ä,2-

“ , …% C%äë›,2 3÷23. d%ë›…%“2…% ë,ö%, C% ",… *%2%!%ã% …=ë%›……%

ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…% "ƒ/“*=…, … K/ë% C!,"ä…% " ,“C%ë……,, C!,"ë*=2-

“ * ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…%L %2"2“2"……%“2,.

39.>o%ä=÷= !=K%2…,*%ì %!ã=…%" , C%ä!=ƒäë…,L C% ÷!ƒ"/÷=L…/ì

“,23=ö, ì ›=ë%K/ … C!,%“2=…="ë,"=2 C!,"ä…, …=ë%›……%ã% ä,“-

ö,Cë,…=!…%ã% "ƒ/“*=…, " ,“C%ë……,.

40.>d,“ö,Cë,…=!…% "ƒ/“*=…,, …=ë%›……% …= !=K%2…,*= %!ã=…%"

, C%ä!=ƒäë…,L C% ÷!ƒ"/÷=L…/ì “,23=ö, ì , %KA "ë……% " C!,*=ƒ,

“÷,2=2“ “… 2/ì, “ë, " 2÷…, ã%ä= “% ä… ã% …=ë%›…, %… … K/ë

C%ä"!ã…32 …%"%ì3 ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…%ì3 "ƒ/“*=…,þ. bƒ/“*=…,, %KA "ë…-

…% 3“2…%, “÷,2=2“ “… 2/ì C% ,“2÷…,, %ä…%ã% ì“ ö=.

41.>b “ë3÷= …=!3ø…, !=K%2…,*%ì %!ã=…%" , C%ä!=ƒäë…,L C%

÷!ƒ"/÷=L…/ì “,23=ö, ì ä,“ö,Cë,…/ C!, “ëä%"=…,, ›ëƒ…%ä%!%›-

…/ì, "%ƒä3ø…/ì, "%ä…/ì ,ë, ä!3ã,ì ",ä%ì 2!=…“C%!2=, = 2=*› C!,

…=.%›ä…,, " *%ì=…ä,!%"* ,ë, …= ,ƒë÷…,, …=÷=ëü…,* %!ã=…= (C%ä-

!=ƒäë…, ) C% ÷!ƒ"/÷=L…/ì “,23=ö, ì, *%2%!%ì3 “2=ë% ,ƒ"“2…% %

…=!3ø…,, ä,“ö,Cë,…/, “%%K?=2 % C!%,“øäøì C% ì“23 “ë3›K/ !=-

K%2…,*=, “%"!ø,"øã% C!%“23C%*. p=K%2…,* %!ã=…%" , C%ä!=ƒäë…,L

C% ÷!ƒ"/÷=L…/ì “,23=ö, ì, “%"!ø,"ø,L C!%“23C%*, C% C!,K/2,, *

ì“23 “ë3›K/ %K ƒ=… ä%ë%›,2ü % “%"!ø……%ì ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…%ì C!%-

“23C* “"%ì3 …C%“!ä“2"……%ì3 …=÷=ëü…,*3.

na nap`yemh“u p`anŠmhjnb npc`mnb h ondp`gdekemhi

on )pegb{)`im{l qhŠr`0h“l

42.>j %K!=?…, ì !=K%2…,*%" %!ã=…%" , C%ä!=ƒäë…,L C% ÷!ƒ"/-

÷=L…/ì “,23=ö, ì %2…%“ 2“ C!äë%›…, , ƒ= "ë…, , ›=ë%K/. nK-

!=?…, ì%ã32 K/2ü 3“2…/ì, , C,“üì……/ì,.

o,“üì……% %K!=?…, !=K%2…,*= %!ã=…%" , C%ä!=ƒäë…,L C% ÷!ƒ-

"/÷=L…/ì “,23=ö, ì ä%ë›…% “%ä!›=2ü ã% C%äC,“ü “ 3*=ƒ=…,ì -=-

ì,ë,,, ,ì…,, %2÷“2"=, “Cö,=ëü…%ã% ƒ"=…, , ä%ë›…%“2,, ä=……/ % ì“-

2 ›,2ëü“2"= ,ë, “ë3›K/, = 2=*› ,ƒë%›…, “3?…%“2, C!äë%›…, ,

ƒ= "ë…, ,ë, ›=ë%K/. o,“üì……/ %K!=?…, , *%2%!/ … “%ä!›=2

3*=ƒ=……/. “"ä…,L, !=““ì%2!…,þ … C%äë›=2.

43.>p=K%2…,* %!ã=…%" , C%ä!=ƒäë…,L C% ÷!ƒ"/÷=L…/ì “,23=ö,-

ì, %K…=!3›,"ø,L -=*2/ …=!3ø…, ƒ=*%…%ä=2ëü“2"=, ƒë%3C%2!Kë-

…, “ë3›K…/ì C%ë%›…,ì, …ä%“2=2*, ,ë, 3C3?…, " !=K%2 %!ã=…=

(C%ä!=ƒäë…, ) C% ÷!ƒ"/÷=L…/ì “,23=ö, ì, %K ƒ=… ä%ë%›,2ü %K .2%ì

C% *%ì=…ä ,ë, …=C!=",2ü C!äë%›…,, ƒ= "ë…, ,ë, ›=ë%K3 "/ø-

“2% ?ì3 C! ì%ì3 …=÷=ëü…,*3 "Cë%2ü ä% l,…,“2!=.

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44.>p=K%2…,* %!ã=…%" , C%ä!=ƒäë…,L C% ÷!ƒ"/÷=L…/ì “,23=ö,-

ì ,ì2 C!="% %K›=ë%"=2ü " "/ø“2% ?,L %!ã=… (C%ä!=ƒäë…,) C%

÷!ƒ"/÷=L…/ì “,23=ö, ì C!,…,ì=ì/ " %2…%ø…,, ã% !ø…, % …=-

ë%›…,, ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…%ã% "ƒ/“*=…, ë,K% %2“2!=……,, %2 ä%ë›…%“2,,

C%“ë ÷ã% ›=ë%K= ì%›2 K/2ü C%ä=…= " “3ä.

45.>nK!=?…, !=K%2…,*%" %!ã=…%" , C%ä!=ƒäë…,L C% ÷!ƒ"/÷=L-

…/ì “,23=ö, ì ä%ë›…/ K/2ü !=““ì%2!…/ " “!%* ä% %ä…%ã% ì“ ö=, =

%K!=?…, , … 2!K3þ?, ä%C%ë…,2ëü…%ã% ,ƒ3÷…, , C!%"!*,,>$ …

C%ƒä… 15 ä…L “% ä… ,. C%“23Cë…, " %!ã=… (C%ä!=ƒäë…,) C% ÷!ƒ-

"/÷=L…/ì “,23=ö, ì, *%2%!/L %K ƒ=… !=ƒ!ø,2ü “%ä!›=?,“ " …,.

"%C!%“/ C% “3?“2"3.

b 2. “ë3÷= ., *%ãä= äë !=ƒ!ø…, ƒ= "ë…, ,ë, ›=ë%K/ …%K-

.%ä,ì% C!%"ä…, C!%"!*,, ,“2!K%"=…, ä%C%ë…,2ëü…/. ì=2!,=ë%"

ë,K% C!,… 2, ä!3ã,. ì!, “!%* !=ƒ!ø…, 2=*%ã% %K!=?…, ì%›2

K/2ü C!%äë… …=÷=ëü…,*%ì %!ã=…= (C%ä!=ƒäë…, ) C% ÷!ƒ"/÷=L…/ì

“,23=ö, ì, …% … K%ë ÷ì …= %ä,… ì“ ö “ “%%K?…,ì %K .2%ì ƒ= ",-

2ëþ.

f=ë%K/ …= C!,ì……, ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…/. "ƒ/“*=…,L, C%ä=……/ C%

,“2÷…,, 2!. ì“ ö" “ ì%ì…2= …=ë%›…, "ƒ/“*=…, , !=““ì%2!…,þ

… C%äë›=2.

m=÷=ëü…,* …“2 ë,÷…3þ %2"2“2"……%“2ü ƒ= “"%"!ì……% !=““ì%2-

!…, C%“23C,"ø,. C!äë%›…,L, ƒ= "ë…,L, ›=ë%K , C!,… 2, C% …,ì

!ø…,L.

m=÷=ëü…,*, " *%ìC2…ö,þ *%2%!%ã% … ".%ä,2 !ø…, "%C!%“%",

“%ä!›=?,.“ " %K!=?…, ., …=C!="ë 2 ,. … C%ƒä… C 2,ä…"…%ã%

“!%*= C% *%ì=…ä ,ë, " ä!3ã%L %!ã=… (%!ã=…,ƒ=ö,þ), % ÷ì “%%K?=2

ƒ= ",2ëþ.

g=C!?=2“ …=C!="ë 2ü %K!=?…, …= !=““ì%2!…, …=÷=ëü…,*%",

äL“2", *%2%!/. %K›=ë3þ2“ .

46.>g=C!?=2“ C!C 2“2"%"=2ü !=K%2…,*=ì %!ã=…%" , C%ä!=ƒäë-

…,L C% ÷!ƒ"/÷=L…/ì “,23=ö, ì C%ä="=2ü %K!=?…, , …=ë=ã=2ü …= …,.

ƒ= .2% ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…/ "ƒ/“*=…, , ä%C3“*=2ü C% %2…%ø…,þ * …,ì ,…/

…ƒ=*%……/ äL“2", . k,ö=, ",…%"…/ " .2%ì, C%äë›=2 %2"2“2"……%“2,

" C%! ä*, 3“2=…%"ë……%ì ƒ=*%…%ä=2ëü“2"%ì.

47.>o%ä=÷= %K!=?…, … %“"%K%›ä=2 !=K%2…,*= %!ã=…%" , C%ä!=ƒ-

äë…,L C% ÷!ƒ"/÷=L…/ì “,23=ö, ì %2 ,“C%ë……, “"%,. “ë3›K…/.

%K ƒ=……%“2L, C!,*=ƒ%" , !=“C%! ›…,L …=÷=ëü…,*%".

48.>p=K%2…,* %!ã=…%" , C%ä!=ƒäë…,L C% ÷!ƒ"/÷=L…/ì “,23=ö,-

ì, C%ä="ø,L ƒ="ä%ì% ë%›…% %K!=?…,, C!,"ë*=2“ * ä,“ö,Cë,-

…=!…%L ,ë, ,…%L %2"2“2"……%“2, " “%%2"2“2",, “ ƒ=*%…%ä=2ëü“2"%ì.

644

13.8. rqŠ`b

n dhq0hokhme p`anŠmhjnb bmrŠpemmecn bndmncn

Šp`mqonpŠ` peqorakhjh aek`prq|

r2"!›ä… C%“2=…%"ë…,ì q%"2= l,…,“2!%" p“C3Kë,*, aë=!3“ü

%2 21 =C!ë 1994 ã. 1 267, “ ,ƒì. , ä%C. %2 3 ì= 2000 ã. 1 615,

18 -"!=ë 2004 ã. 1 176

(Ñîáðàíèå ïîñòàíîâëåíèé Ïðàâèòåëüñòâà Ðåñïóáëèêè Áåëàðóñü. 1994. ¹ 12. Ñò. 210;

Íàöèîíàëüíûé ðååñòð ïðàâîâûõ àêòîâ Ðåñïóáëèêè Áåëàðóñü. 2000. ¹ 46. 5/3117;

2004. ¹ 35. 5/13834)

nayhe onknfemh“

1. b…32!……,L "%ä…/L 2!=…“C%!2 "ë 2“ %ä…,ì ,ƒ ƒ"…ü" 2!=…“-

C%!2…%L “,“2ì/ p“C3Kë,*, aë=!3“ü , C!ä…=ƒ…=÷… äë …=,K%ë C%ë-

…%ã% 3ä%"ë2"%!…, C%2!K…%“2L " C!"%ƒ*=. ã!3ƒ%" , C=““=›,!%" C%

"…32!……,ì "%ä…/ì C32 ì.

b=›…Lø 3“ë%", 3“Cø…%ã% !=ƒ",2, "…32!……ã% "%ä…%ã% 2!=…“-

C%!2=, C%"/ø…, .--*2,"…%“2, , *=÷“2"= ã% !=K%2/ $ 3*!Cë…,

ä,“ö,Cë,…/ 2!3ä=.

m=!3ø…, ä,“ö,Cë,…/ ì%›2 ",2ü“ C!,÷,…%L ="=!,L, “%ƒä=2ü

3ã!%ƒ3 ›,ƒ…, , ƒä%!%"üþ ëþäL, C!,"“2, * …“"%"!ì……%L ä%“2="*

ã!3ƒ%" , C=““=›,!%", …=…“2, 3?!K %*!3›=þ?L “!ä.

2. dL“2", …=“2% ?ã% r“2="= !=“C!%“2!=… 2“ …= !=K%2…,*%" %!ã=-

…,ƒ=ö,L "…32!……ã% "%ä…%ã% 2!=…“C%!2=, %!ã=…= C% Kƒ%C=“…%“2, “3ä%-

.%ä“2"= , *ë=““,-,*=ö,%……%L %!ã=…,ƒ=ö,,, ƒ= ,“*ëþ÷…,ì !=K%2…,-

*%" C%ä!=ƒäë…,L “%ö,=ëü…%-*3ëü23!…%ã% , ›,ë,?…%-K/2%"%ã% …=ƒ…=-

÷…, .2,. %!ã=…,ƒ=ö,L.

3. d,“ö,Cë,…= …= "…32!……ì "%ä…%ì 2!=…“C%!2 “%“2%,2 " “2!%-

ã%ì “%Këþä…,, !=K%2…,*=ì, C%! ä*= , C!=",ë, 3“2=…%"ë……/. ƒ=*%…%-

ä=2ëü“2"%ì, C!,*=ƒ=ì, , ,…“2!3*ö, ì, l,…,“2!“2"= 2!=…“C%!2= , *%ì-

ì3…,*=ö,L , ä!3ã,ì, %2…%“ ?,ì,“ * ã% ä 2ëü…%“2, …%!ì=2,"…/ì,

=*2=ì,, " C!%,ƒ"%ä,2ëü…%ì ,“C%ëüƒ%"=…,, !=K%÷ã% "!ì…,, "/ "ë-

…,, , ,“C%ëüƒ%"=…,, ,ìþ?,.“ !ƒ!"%", 3“2!=……,, …ä%“2=2*%", =

2=*› " 2%÷…%ì , “"%"!ì……%ì "/C%ë……,, C!,*=ƒ%" , !=“C%! ›-

…,L !3*%"%ä,2ëL.

d,“ö,Cë,…= %K“C÷,"=2“ ƒ=,…2!“%"=……/ì %2…%ø…,ì !=K%2-

…,*%" * 2!3ä3, 2!K%"=2ëü…%“2üþ !3*%"%ä,2ëL, 3ìë/ì “%÷2=…,ì ,

C!=",ëü…/ì C!,ì……,ì ì2%ä%" 3K›ä…, , C%%?!…,L , ä,“ö,Cë,-

…=!…/. "ƒ/“*=…,L.

4. p=K%2…,* "…32!……ã% "%ä…%ã% 2!=…“C%!2= %K ƒ=…:

.%!%ø% ƒ…=2ü “"%þ “Cö,=ëü…%“2ü , C%!3÷……% ì3 äë%, 2%÷…% ,

“"%"!ì……% "/C%ë… 2ü "%ƒë%›……/ …= …ã% %K ƒ=……%“2,, C%“2% ……%

“%"!ø…“2"%"=2ü C!%-““,%…=ëü…% ì=“2!“2"% , äë%"3þ *"=ë,-,*=ö,þ;

"/C%ë… 2ü C!%,ƒ"%ä“2"……/ ƒ=ä=…, , ä%K,"=2ü“ !%“2= C!%,ƒ"%ä,-

2ëü…%“2, 2!3ä=, C%"/ø=2ü .--*2,"…%“2ü , *=÷“2"% !=K%2/, 3ë3÷ø=2ü

,“C%ëüƒ%"=…, 2!=…“C%!2…/. “!ä“2" , C%!2%"%ã% %K%!3ä%"=…, , 3“*%! 2ü

%K!=K%2*3 “3ä%" , ä%“2="*3 ã!3ƒ%";

645

K!÷ü “3ä=, C%!2%"/, ã,ä!%2.…,÷“*, “%%!3›…, , %K%!3ä%"=…,

, ä!3ã, 2.…,÷“*, “!ä“2"= "…32!……ã% "%ä…%ã% 2!=…“C%!2=, ì=2!,=-

ë/, = 2=*› %K“C÷,"=2ü “%.!=……%“2ü C!"%ƒ,ì/. ã!3ƒ%" , K=ã=›=;

“%Këþä=2ü “2!%ã,L !›,ì .*%…%ì,, 2%Cë,"…%-.…!ã2,÷“*,. !-

“3!“%", ì=2!,=ë%", ä…›…/. “!ä“2";

%K“C÷,"=2ü Kƒ%C=“…%“2ü “3ä%.%ä“2"=, “"%"!ì……% , *=÷“2"…-

…% %K“ë3›,"=…, “3ä%", C%!2%"%ã% %K%!3ä%"=…, , ä!3ã,. 2.…,÷“*,.

“!ä“2" "…32!……ã% "%ä…%ã% 2!=…“C%!2=;

ƒ…=2ü , …3*ë%……% “%Këþä=2ü 3“2=…%"ë……3þ 2.…%ë%ã,þ "/C%ë…-

…, !=K%2, C!=",ë= , …%!ì/ C% %.!=… 2!3ä=, 2.…,* Kƒ%C=“…%“2,, C!%-

,ƒ"%ä“2"……%L “=…,2=!,,, C%›=!…%L Kƒ%C=“…%“2, , %.!=… %*!3›=þ-

?L “!ä/;

%K“C÷,"=2ü "/“%*% *=÷“2"% %K“ë3›,"=…, C=““=›,!%";

“%Këþä=2ü C%! ä%* , C!=",ë=, 3“2=…%"ë……/ ƒ=*%…%ä=2ëü“2"%ì, C!,-

*=ƒ=ì,, ,…“2!3*ö, ì,, äL“2"3þ?,ì, …= "…32!……ì "%ä…%ì 2!=…“C%!2,

, “"%"!ì……% "/C%ë… 2ü C!,*=ƒ/ , !=“C%! ›…, !3*%"%ä,2ëL;

“2!%ã% .!=…,2ü ã%“3ä=!“2"……3þ, *%ìì!÷“*3þ , “ë3›K…3þ 2=L…3.

p=K%2…,*,, äë *%2%!/. 3“2=…%"ë…/ -%!ì……= %ä›ä= , ƒ…=*,

!=ƒë,÷, , C!, "/C%ë……,, “ë3›K…/. %K ƒ=……%“2L ä%ë›…/ K/2ü %ä-

2/ C% -%!ì, “ë, C!, .2%ì %…, … %K ƒ=…/ C%ëüƒ%"=2ü“ “Cö,=ëü…%L

C!%,ƒ"%ä“2"……%L %ä›ä%L.

r*=ƒ=…, C% !=K%2 C%ä÷,………/L C%ë3÷=2, *=* C!=",ë%, %2 …C%“-

!ä“2"……%ã% !3*%"%ä,2ë . b “ë3÷= C%ë3÷…, 3*=ƒ=…, %2 "/ø“2% -

?ã% !3*%"%ä,2ë !=K%2…,* %K ƒ=… "/C%ë…,2ü ã%, ,ƒ"“2," %K .2%ì

…C%“!ä“2"……%ã% !3*%"%ä,2ë .

5. p3*%"%ä,2ëü %K ƒ=…:

C!=",ëü…% %!ã=…,ƒ%"/"=2ü 2!3ä C%ä÷,………/. , "ƒ=,ì%%2…%ø…, "

*%ëë*2,", %K“C÷,"=2ü "…ä!…, …=3÷…%L %!ã=…,ƒ=ö,, 2!3ä= , 3C!="-

ë…, , "/C%ë……, *%ëë*2,"%ì ƒ=ä=…,L, !%“2 C!%,ƒ"%ä,2ëü…%“2, 2!3-

ä=, C%"/ø…, .--*2,"…%“2, C!%,ƒ"%ä“2"= , *=÷“2"= !=K%2/;

%K“C÷,"=2ü .--*2,"…% ,“C%ëüƒ%"=…, ì=2!,=ëü…/. !“3!“%",

"/ "ë 2ü , 3“2!=… 2ü C!,÷,…/, 3“ë%", , “C%“%K“2"3þ?, 32!=2, C%!÷

, .,?…,þ ì=2!,=ëü…/. ö……%“2L;

“2!%ã% “%Këþä=2ü 2!K%"=…, ƒ=*%…%ä=2ëü“2"=, ÷2*% %2ä="=2ü C!,-

*=ƒ/ , !=“C%! ›…, C%ä÷,………/ì, C!%"! 2ü ,. 2%÷…% , “"%"!ì…-

…% "/C%ë……,, %K“C÷,"=2ü !›,ì “*!2…%“2,;

C!,…,ì=2ü …%K.%ä,ì/ ì!/ * 3*!Cë…,þ C%! ä*= , ä,“ö,Cë,-

…/, “%*!=?…,þ 2*3÷“2, *=ä!%" , C%2!ü !=K%÷ã% "!ì…,;

%K“C÷,"=2ü “%Këþä…, 3“2=…%"ë……/. C!=",ë , …%!ì C% Kƒ%C=“-

…%“2, “3ä%.%ä“2"=, 2.…,÷“*%L .*“Cë3=2=ö,, -ë%2=, %K%!3ä%"=…, ,

ì.=…,ƒì%", %.!=… 2!3ä=, 2.…,* Kƒ%C=“…%“2,, C!%,ƒ"%ä“2"……%L “=-

…,2=!,,, C%›=!…%L Kƒ%C=“…%“2, , %.!=… %*!3›=þ?L “!ä/;

3ìë% “%÷2=2ü 2!K%"=2ëü…%“2ü * C%ä÷,………/ì “ ƒ=K%2%L % …,.,

C%%?! 2ü !=K%2…,*%", %2ë,÷,"ø,.“ C!, "/C%ë……,, 2!3ä%"/. %K ƒ=…-

…%“2L , ã!=›ä=…“*%ã% ä%ëã=, “2!%ã% "ƒ/“*,"=2ü “ …=!3ø,2ëL ä,“ö,C-

ë,…/, K/2ü ÷32*,ì, * ëþä ì, ,. …3›ä=ì , ƒ=C!%“=ì;

646

C%ä="=2ü C%ä÷,………/ì C!,ì! %K!=ƒö%"%ã% "/C%ë……, “ë3›K…%-

ã% ä%ëã= , ä%“2%L…%ã% C%"ä…, *=* …= “ë3›K, 2=* , "… “ë3›K/.

p3*%"%ä,2ëü …“2 %2"2“2"……%“2ü ƒ= “%“2% …, ä,“ö,Cë,…/ “!ä,

C%ä÷,………/. , …"/C%ë……, "%ƒë%›……/. …= …ã% …=“2% ?,ì r“2=-

"%ì %K ƒ=……%“2L.

6. j=›ä/L !=K%2…,*, …= *%2%!%ã% !=“C!%“2!=… 2“ äL“2", …=“2%-

?ã% r“2="=, %K ƒ=… ƒ…=2ü r“2=" , "/C%ë… 2ü ã% 2!K%"=…, .

onnypemh“

7. p=K%2…,*, "…32!……ã% "%ä…%ã% 2!=…“C%!2= C%%?! þ2“ ƒ= %K!=ƒ-

ö%"% "/C%ë……, 2!3ä%"/. %K ƒ=……%“2L, C%"/ø…, C!%,ƒ"%ä,2ëü…%-

“2, 2!3ä=, .--*2,"…%“2, C!%,ƒ"%ä“2"= , *=÷“2"= !=K%2/, K!›…% %2-

…%ø…, * ""!……%ì3 ,ì3?“2"3, C%ëƒ…3þ ,…,ö,=2,"3 , 2"%!÷“*3þ

=*2,"…%“2ü " !=K%2, C!%ä%ë›,2ëü…3þ Kƒ3C!÷…3þ !=K%23, ä%K!%“%"“2-

…% "/C%ë……, %2"2“2"……/. C%!3÷…,L.

8. dë !=K%2…,*%" C!,ì… þ2“ “ëä3þ?, C%%?!…, :

%KA "ë…, Kë=ã%ä=!…%“2, (3“2…% ,ë, C,“üì……%);

"/ä=÷= C!ì,,;

…=ã!=›ä…, ö……/ì C%ä=!*%ì;

…=ã!=›ä…, o%÷2…%L ã!=ì%2%L;

ƒ=…“…, …= d%“*3 C%÷2=, " j…,ã3 C%÷2=;

C!,“"%…, ƒ"=…, ë3÷øã% !=K%2…,*= C% C!%-““,, ,ë, ä!3ã,. ƒ"=-

…,L ƒ= 3“C., " !=K%2;

…=ã!=›ä…, …=ã!3ä…/ì ƒ…=*%ì.

9. g= %“%K/ 2!3ä%"/ ƒ=“ë3ã, !=K%2…,*, C!ä“2="ë þ2“ " 3“2=…%"-

ë……%ì C%! ä* * ã%“3ä=!“2"……/ì …=ã!=ä=ì p“C3Kë,*, aë=!3“ü.

10. o%%?!…, C!,ì… þ2“ " “ëä3þ?ì C%! ä*:

C!="% %KA "ë 2ü 3“2…3þ Kë=ã%ä=!…%“2ü C%ä÷,………/ì ì3 !=K%2…,-

*=ì ,ì2 *=›ä/L !3*%"%ä,2ëü;

%KA "ë…, Kë=ã%ä=!…%“2, " C!,*=ƒ, "/ä=÷= C!ì,, , …=ã!=›ä…,

ö……/ì C%ä=!*%ì C!%,ƒ"%ä 2“ !3*%"%ä,2ëì, ,ìþ?,ì C!="% C!,-

ì= …= !=K%23 , !=“C%! ›…,ì “!ä“2"=ì,, C!ä…=ƒ…=÷……/ì, …= .2,

öë,, " C%! ä*, %C!äë……%ì " *%ëë*2,"…%ì ä%ã%"%!;

…=ã!=›ä…, o%÷2…%L ã!=ì%2%L, ƒ=…“…, …= d%“*3 C%÷2=, " j…,-

ã3 C%÷2= %“3?“2"ë þ2“ !3*%"%ä,2ëì, ,ìþ?,ì C!="% C!,ì= …=

!=K%23, " C%! ä*, %C!äë……%ì " *%ëë*2,"…%ì ä%ã%"%!;

…=ã!=›ä…, o%÷2…%L ã!=ì%2%L l,…,“2!“2"= 2!=…“C%!2= , *%ì-

ì3…,*=ö,L, …=ã!3ä…/ì ƒ…=*%ì, C!,“"%…, ƒ"=…, ë3÷øã% !=K%2…,*=

C% C!%-““,, ,ë, ä!3ã,. ƒ"=…,L ƒ= 3“C., " !=K%2 C!%,ƒ"%ä 2“ " 3“2=-

…%"ë……%ì C%! ä*.

11. j=C,2=… “=ì%.%ä…%ã% “3ä…= “ .*,C=›ì ÷,“ë……%“2üþ … ì…

5 ÷ë%"* ,ì2 C!="% %KA "ë 2ü ÷ë…=ì .*,C=›= Kë=ã%ä=!…%“2ü " C!,-

*=ƒ, C%%?! 2ü ,. (C!, …=ë,÷,, “!ä“2", "/äë……/. …= .2, öë,) ä-

…›…/ì, C!ì, ì, " C%! ä*, %C!äë……%ì " *%ëë*2,"…%ì ä%ã%"%!.

647

p3*%"%ä,2ë, ƒ=ìë÷!C=2ëü…%ã% *=!="=…= , *=!="=…= C!ã%… -

ì/. “3ä%" "C!=" C!,ì… 2ü C%%?!…, , C!ä3“ì%2!……/ …=“2% ?,ì

C3…*2%ì r“2="=, *% "“ì ÷ë…=ì .*,C=›L “3ä%", ".%ä ?,. " *=!="=….

12. b %2“32“2", “%%2"2“2"3þ?,. !3*%"%ä,2ëL C%%?!…, ì%ã32

C!,ì… 2ü“ ä%ë›…%“2…/ì, ë,ö=ì,, "/C%ë… þ?,ì, ,. %K ƒ=……%“2,.

13. e“ë, * !=K%2…,*3 …%K.%ä,ì% C!,ì…,2ü C%%?!…,, "/.%ä ?

ƒ= C!äë/ C!=", C!ä%“2="ë……/. ä=……%ì3 !3*%"%ä,2ëþ, 2% %… .%ä=-

2=L“2"32 %K .2%ì C!ä "/ø“2% ?,ì !3*%"%ä,2ëì.

14. o%%?!…, , *!%ì 3“2…%L Kë=ã%ä=!…%“2,, ƒ=…%“ 2“ " 2!3ä%"3þ

*…,›*3 !=K%2…,*=.

dhq0hokhm`pm{e bg{qj`mh“

15. dë !=K%2…,*%" "…32!……ã% "%ä…%ã% 2!=…“C%!2= …=!3ø…,ì

ä,“ö,Cë,…/ "ë 2“ ……=äë›=? "/C%ë……, ,ì, 2!3ä%"/. %K ƒ=…-

…%“2L, = 2=*› 3“2=…%"ë……/. C!=",ë C%"ä…, …= “3ä=., C!,“2=… ., "

C%!2=. , …= “ë3›K…/. 2!!,2%!, . ä!3ã,. %!ã=…,ƒ=ö,L "…32!……ã%

"%ä…%ã% 2!=…“C%!2=.

16. g= “%"!ø…, ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…%ã% C!%“23C*= * !=K%2…,*=ì ì%ã32

C!,ì… 2ü“ “ëä3þ?, ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…/ "ƒ/“*=…, :

16.1. ƒ=ì÷=…,;

16.2. "/ã%"%!;

16.3. 32!=2,ë “,ë3;

16.4. ë,ø…, ë,ö= *%ì=…ä…%ã% “%“2="= “3ä%" ƒ"=…, “ ,ƒA 2,ì

“%%2"2“2"3þ?ã% ä,Cë%ì= …= “!%* %2 ø“2, ì“ ö" ä% ä"3. ë2 , “

C!ä%“2="ë…,ì …= 3*=ƒ=……/L “!%* !=K%2/ “ 3÷2%ì C!%-““,, (“Cö,-

=ëü…%“2,);

16.5. 3"%ëü……,.

g= *=›ä/L ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…/L C!%“23C%* ì%›2 K/2ü …=ë%›…% 2%ëü-

*% %ä…% ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…% "ƒ/“*=…,.

17. p3*%"%ä,2ëü ä%ë›… !=ã,!%"=2ü …= *=›ä/L C!%“23C%* C%ä÷,-

………%ã%. b “ë3÷= …öë“%%K!=ƒ…%“2, C!,ì……, ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…%ã% "ƒ/“-

*=…, %… ì%›2 %ã!=…,÷,2ü“ C!ä3C!›ä…,ì !=K%2…,*= % …%K.%ä,-

ì%“2, “2!%ã%ã% “%Këþä…, ä,“ö,Cë,…/.

n“%K% "…,ì=…, !3*%"%ä,2ë ä%ë›…% K/2ü …=C!="ë…% …= “"%"!-

ì……% C!ä3C!›ä…, C!%“23C*%" C%ä÷,………/., "/ "ë…, , 3“2!=…-

…, C!,÷,…, C%!%›ä=þ?,. ,., …= “%ƒä=…, " 2!3ä%"%ì *%ëë*2," %K“2=-

…%"*, …2!C,ì%ã% %2…%ø…, * …=!3ø…, ì ä,“ö,Cë,…/, …= ,“C%ëüƒ%-

"=…, “,ë/ %K?“2"……%ã% "%ƒäL“2", " K%!üK “ .2,ì, …=!3ø…, ì,.

18. d,“ö,Cë,…=!…% "ƒ/“*=…, " ",ä 3"%ëü……, !=K%2…,*= ì%›2

…=ë=ã=2ü“ *!%ì “ë3÷=", C!ä3“ì%2!……/. ƒ=*%…%ä=2ëü“2"%ì % 2!3ä,

= 2=*› ƒ= 3*=ƒ=……% " C!,ë=ã=ì%ì C!÷… ã!3K% …=!3ø…, ä,“ö,C-

ë,…/, 3ã!%›=þ? Kƒ%C=“…%“2, “3ä%.%ä“2"= ,ë, “%ƒä=þ? %C=“…%“2ü

äë ›,ƒ…, , ƒä%!%"ü ëþäL.

648

19. p3*%"%ä,2ë, C!,ì… þ2 ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…/ "ƒ/“*=…, " “%%2-

"2“2",, “ C!ä%“2="ë……/ì, ,ì C!="=ì, " “ëä3þ?ì C%! ä*:

!3*%"%ä,2ëü, ,ìþ?,L C!="% C!,ì= …= !=K%23, ì%›2 …=ë=ã=2ü

"ƒ/“*=…, , C!ä3“ì%2!……/ C%äC3…*2=ì, 16.1, 16.2, 16.4 , 16.5 C3…*2= 16

…=“2% ?ã% r“2="=;

!3*%"%ä,2ëü, ,ìþ?,L C!="% C!,ì= …= !=K%23, ì%›2 …=ë=ã=2ü

ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…/ "ƒ/“*=…, " ",ä ƒ=ì÷=…, , "/ã%"%!= , …= 2. C%ä÷,-

………/. ì3 !=K%2…,*%", *%2%!/ …=ƒ…=÷=þ2“ …= ä%ë›…%“2ü "/ø“2% -

?,ì !3*%"%ä,2ëì;

*=C,2=… “=ì%.%ä…%ã% “3ä…= “ .*,C=›ì ÷,“ë……%“2üþ … ì…

5 ÷ë%"* "C!=" …=ë=ã=2ü …= ÷ë…%" .*,C=›= “3ä…= "ƒ/“*=…, , 3*=ƒ=…-

…/ " C%äC3…*2=. 16.1 , 16.2 C3…*2= 16.

j=C,2=… “3ä…= "C!=" “C,“=2ü “ “3ä…= ƒ= …=!3ø…, ä,“ö,Cë,…/

ëþK%ã% ÷ë…= .*,C=›= “ %ä…%"!ì……/ì …=C!="ë…,ì "/ø“2% ?ì3

!3*%"%ä,2ëþ C!ä“2="ë…, % …=ë%›…,, ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…%ã% "ƒ/“*=…,

…= .2%ã% !=K%2…,*=.

p3*%"%ä,2ë, ƒìë÷!C=2ëü…%ã% *=!="=…= , *=!="=…= C!ã%… -

ì/. “3ä%" …=äë þ2“ ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…/ì, C!="=ì,, C!ä3“ì%2!……/ì,

÷=“2üþ "2%!%L …=“2% ?ã% C3…*2=, C% %2…%ø…,þ *% "“ì ÷ë…=ì .*,-

C=›L “3ä%", ".%ä ?,. " “%%2"2“2"3þ?,L *=!="=….

20. d,“ö,Cë,…=!…/ "ƒ/“*=…, …= !=K%2…,*%" ì%ã32 …=ë=ã=2ü“

2=*› !3*%"%ä,2ë ì,, "/ø“2% ?,ì, C% %2…%ø…,þ * !3*%"%ä,2ë ì,

*%2%!/ì C!ä%“2="ë…% C!="% C!,ì= …= !=K%23.

b %2“32“2", “%%2"2“2"3þ?,. !3*%"%ä,2ëL ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…/ "ƒ/“-

*=…, ì%ã32 …=ë=ã=2ü“ ä%ë›…%“2…/ì, ë,ö=ì,, ,“C%ë… þ?,ì, ,. %K -

ƒ=……%“2,.

21. e“ë, “ 3÷2%ì 2 ›“2, C!%“23C*= …%K.%ä,ì% C!,ì…,2ü ì!/

ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…%ã% "ƒ/“*=…, , C!"/ø=þ?, C!="=, C!ä%“2="ë……/ ä=…-

…%ì3 !3*%"%ä,2ëþ, 2% %… .%ä=2=L“2"32 %K .2%ì C!ä "/ø“2% ?,ì

!3*%"%ä,2ëì.

22. l,…,“2! 2!=…“C%!2= , *%ìì3…,*=ö,L "C!=" …=ë=ã=2ü " C%ë-

…%ì %KAì ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…/ "ƒ/“*=…, , C!ä3“ì%2!……/ …=“2% ?,ì

r“2="%ì.

g=ì“2,2ëü l,…,“2!= ì%›2 …=ë=ã=2ü "“ ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…/ "ƒ/“-

*=…, , *!%ì 3"%ëü……, ë,ö, …=ƒ…=÷=ì/. l,…,“2!%ì.

23. p3*%"%ä,2ëü %K ƒ=… ë,÷…% ä% …=ë%›…, …= !=K%2…,*= "ƒ/“*=-

…, "““2%!%…… , %KA*2,"…% !=ƒ%K!=2ü“ " ì%2,"=. , C!,÷,…=. “%"!ø…-

…%ã% C!%“23C*= , C%2!K%"=2ü %2 …ã% %KA “……, " C,“üì……%L -%!ì.

n2*=ƒ !=K%2…,*= ä=2ü 2=*% %KA “……, … ì%›2 “ë3›,2ü C!C 2-

“2",ì äë C!,ì……, * …ì3 ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…%ã% "ƒ/“*=…, .

24. d,“ö,Cë,…=!…% "ƒ/“*=…, ä%ë›…% “%%2"2“2"%"=2ü “2C…, ",…/

!=K%2…,*= , 2 ›“2, “%"!ø……%ã% C!%“23C*=. o!, %C!äë…,, ì!/

ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…%ã% "ƒ/“*=…, ä%ë›…/ 3÷,2/"=2ü“ "!ä, C!,÷,………/L

C!%“23C*%ì, %K“2% 2ëü“2"=, C!, *%2%!/. %… “%"!ø…, ì%2,"/ C!%“23C-

*=, = 2=*› C!äø“2"3þ?= !=K%2= ë,ö=, “%"!ø,"øã% ã%.

649

25. o!, …=ë%›…,, …= C%ä÷,………%ã% ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…%ã% "ƒ/“*=…, ,

!3*%"%ä,2ëü %K ƒ=… “%Këþä=2ü C!=",ë= “ë3›K…%L .2,*, , … ä%C3“-

*=2ü 3…,›…, ã% ë,÷…%ã% ä%“2%,…“2"=.

26. d,“ö,Cë,…=!…% "ƒ/“*=…, …=ë=ã=2“ … C%ƒä… %ä…%ã% ì“ ö=

“% ä… %K…=!3›…, C!%“23C*=, … “÷,2= "!ì…, K%ëƒ…, !=K%2…,*=,

…=.%›ä…, ã% " Cë="=…,,, C!K/"=…, " %2C3“* , "!ì…, ,“C%ëüƒ%-

"=…, “3ìì,!%"=……/. ä…L %2ä/.=.

d,“ö,Cë,…=!…% "ƒ/“*=…, … ì%›2 K/2ü …=ë%›…% C%ƒä… ø“2,

ì“ ö" “% ä… “%"!ø…, C!%“23C*=, = C% !ƒ3ëü2=2=ì !",ƒ,, -,…=…-

“%"%-.%ƒ L“2"……%L ä 2ëü…%“2, $ C%ƒä… ä"3. ë2 “% ä… ã% “%"!ø-

…, . b .2, “!%*, … "*ëþ÷=2“ "!ì C!%,ƒ"%ä“2"= C% 3ã%ë%"…%ì3 äë3.

27. kþK% ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…% "ƒ/“*=…, %KA "ë 2“ " C!,*=ƒ, “ *%-

2%!/ì !=K%2…,* ä%ë›… K/2ü %ƒ…=*%ìë… C%ä !=“C,“*3.

28. p=K%2…,* ì%›2 %K›=ë%"=2ü …=ë%›……% …= …ã% ä,“ö,Cë,…=!-

…% "ƒ/“*=…, " *%ì,““,þ C% 2!3ä%"/ì “C%!=ì , " “ë3÷= ., C!ä3“ì%2-

!……/. ƒ=*%…%ä=2ëü…/ì, =*2=ì,, $ …C%“!ä“2"……% " “3ä " 2!.ì“ ÷-

…/L “!%* “% ä… %ƒ…=*%ìë…, ã% “ C!,*=ƒ%ì % …=ë%›…,, …= …ã%

ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…%ã% "ƒ/“*=…, , = C% äë=ì %K 3"%ëü……,, $ " “3ä " ì“ ÷-

…/L “!%* “% ä… "!3÷…, ì3 *%C,, C!,*=ƒ= %K 3"%ëü……,, ,ë, “% ä…

"/ä=÷, 2!3ä%"%L *…,›*, “ ƒ=C,“üþ %K %“…%"=…, . C!*!=?…, “ …,ì

2!3ä%"%ã% ä%ã%"%!= ë,K% “% ä… %2*=ƒ= " "/ä=÷ ,ë, C%ë3÷…,, 3*=ƒ=…-

…/. ä%*3ì…2%".

o%ä=÷= !=K%2…,*%ì ›=ë%K/ ,  !=““ì%2!…, C!%,ƒ"%ä 2“ " C%-

! ä*, 3“2=…%"ë……%ì 2!3ä%"/ì ƒ=*%…%ä=2ëü“2"%ì.

nK›=ë%"=…, … C!,%“2=…="ë,"=2 ,“C%ë……, C!,*=ƒ= % …=ë%›-

…,, ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…%ã% "ƒ/“*=…, .

29. p=K%2…,* “÷,2=2“ … ,ìþ?,ì ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…%ã% "ƒ/“*=…, ,

“ë, " 2÷…,, ã%ä= “% ä… …=ë%›…, "ƒ/“*=…, %… … C%ä"!ã=ë“ …%-

"%ì3 ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…%ì3 "ƒ/“*=…,þ, = " “ë3÷=, C!ä3“ì%2!……%ì C%äC3…-

*2%ì 16.4 C3…*2= 16 …=“2% ?ã% r“2="=, $ “% ä… %*%…÷=…, “!%*=, …=

*%2%!/L …=ë%›…% "ƒ/“*=…,. nä…=*% .2% … "ë÷2 "%““2=…%"ë…, "

ä%ë›…%“2, !=K%2…,*%", C%ä"!ã…32/. "ƒ/“*=…,þ " ",ä 3"%ëü……, .

30. p3*%"%ä,2ëü, …=ë%›,"ø,L …= ",…%"…%ã% !=K%2…,*= ä,“ö,Cë,-

…=!…% "ƒ/“*=…,, ,ë, "/ø“2% ?,L !3*%"%ä,2ëü C% .%ä=2=L“2"3 …-

C%“!ä“2"……%ã% !3*%"%ä,2ë ,ë, 2!3ä%"%ã% *%ëë*2,"= ì%›2 “… 2ü

"ƒ/“*=…, ä% ,“2÷…, ã%ä=, “ë, !=K%2…,* ƒ=“ë3›,ë .2% ä%K!%“%"“2-

…/ì %2…%ø…,ì * !=K%2 , … ä%C3“2,ë …%"%ã% …=!3ø…, ä,“ö,Cë,-

…/. d%“!%÷…% “… 2, "ƒ/“*=…, %KA "ë 2“ " C!,*=ƒ.

31. p=K%2…,*, C%ä"!ã…32/L ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…%ì3 "ƒ/“*=…,þ, C!ä3“-

ì%2!……%ì3 C%äC3…*2%ì 16.4 C3…*2= 16 …=“2% ?ã% r“2="=, "%““2=…="-

ë,"=2“ …= !=K%2 2%ëü*% C%“ë C!%"!*, 3 …ã% …%K.%ä,ì/. C!%-““,-

%…=ëü…/. ƒ…=…,L.

32. o%“2% ……/L *%…2!%ëü ƒ= %K?,ì “%“2% …,ì ä,“ö,Cë,…/, “%-

Këþä…,ì "“ì, !3*%"%ä,2ë ì, C!ä%“2="ë……/. ,ì …=“2% ?,ì r“-

2="%ì C!=" , "/C%ë……,ì ,ì, “ë3›K…/. %K ƒ=……%“2L %“3?“2"ë -

2“ *=›ä/ì "/ø“2% ?,ì !3*%"%ä,2ëì.