The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011. World Economic Forum Geneva
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273
2.1: Country/Economy Profiles
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index in detail
INDICATOR RANK/139
1st pillar: Policy rules and regulations
1.01 Prevalence of foreign ownership......................................22
1.02 Property rights ..................................................................88
1.03 Business impact of rules on FDI ......................................64
1.04 Visa requirements*...........................................................89
1.05 Openness of bilateral Air Service Agreements* ..............
23
1.06 Transparency of government policymaking ......................79
1.07 Time required to start a business* ..................................
35
1.08 Cost to start a business* .................................................72
1.09 GATS commitments* .....................................................101
2nd pillar: Environmental sustainability
2.01 Stringency of environmental regulation............................67
2.02 Enforcement of environmental regulation ........................82
2.03 Sustainability of T&T industry development.....................68
2.04 Carbon dioxide emissions* ..............................................75
2.05 Particulate matter concentration* ...................................75
2.06 Threatened species* .....................................................136
2.07 Environmental treaty ratification* ....................................65
3rd pillar: Safety and security
3.01 Business costs of terrorism............................................112
3.02 Reliability of police services............................................132
3.03 Business costs of crime and violence............................132
3.04 Road traffic accidents* ....................................................86
4th pillar: Health and hygiene
4.01 Physician density* ...........................................................35
4.02 Access to improved sanitation* ......................................75
4.03 Access to improved drinking water* ...............................68
4.04 Hospital beds* .................................................................93
5th pillar: Prioritization of Travel & Tourism
5.01 Government prioritization of the T&T industry .................45
5.02 T&T government expenditure* ........................................
40
5.03 Effectiveness of marketing and branding.........................48
5.04 Comprehensiveness of annual T&T data*........................
15
5.05 Timeliness of providing monthly/quarterly T&T data* ......12
6th pillar: Air transport infrastructure
6.01 Quality of air transport infrastructure ...............................65
6.02 Available seat kilometers, domestic* ...............................
11
6.03 Available seat kilometers, international* ..........................22
6.04 Departures per 1,000 population* ...................................68
6.05 Airport density* ................................................................81
6.06 Number of operating airlines* ..........................................
26
6.07 International air transport network ..................................55
7th pillar: Ground transport infrastructure
7.01 Quality of roads ................................................................62
7.02 Quality of railroad infrastructure .......................................76
7.03 Quality of port infrastructure ............................................89
7.04 Quality of ground transport network ................................57
7.05 Road density* ...................................................................88
INDICATOR RANK/139
8th pillar: Tourism infrastructure
8.01 Hotel rooms* ....................................................................50
8.02 Presence of major car rental companies*..........................
1
8.03 ATMs accepting Visa cards*.............................................55
9th pillar: ICT infrastructure
9.01 Extent of business Internet use .......................................78
9.02 Internet users* .................................................................77
9.03 Telephone lines*...............................................................74
9.04 Broadband Internet subscribers* .....................................53
9.05 Mobile telephone subscribers* ........................................92
10th pillar: Price competitiveness in the T&T industry
10.01 Ticket taxes and airport charges*.....................................96
10.02 Purchasing power parity* .................................................70
10.03 Extent and effect of taxation..........................................113
10.04 Fuel price levels*..............................................................
25
10.05 Hotel price index*.............................................................25
11th pillar: Human resources
11.01 Primary education enrollment*.........................................28
11.02 Secondary education enrollment* ....................................63
11.03 Quality of the educational system..................................120
11.04 Local availability of research and training services...........55
11.05 Extent of staff training......................................................84
11.06 Hiring and firing practices...............................................120
11.07 Ease of hiring foreign labor...............................................97
11.08 HIV prevalence*................................................................68
11.09 Business impact of HIV/AIDS...........................................78
11.10 Life expectancy*...............................................................
38
12th pillar: Affinity for Travel & Tourism
12.01 Tourism openness* ........................................................116
12.02 Attitude of population toward foreign visitors..................
39
12.03 Extension of business trips recommended......................39
13th pillar: Natural resources
13.01 Number of World Heritage natural sites*.........................10
13.02 Protected areas*...............................................................56
13.03 Quality of the natural environment.................................120
13.04 Total known species* .........................................................
9
14th pillar: Cultural resources
14.01 Number of World Heritage cultural sites*..........................5
14.02 Sports stadiums*..............................................................83
14.03 Number of international fairs and exhibitions*.................
24
14.04 Creative industries exports*.............................................18
Mexico
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum. For
further details and explanation, please refer to the section "How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles" at the beginning of this chapter.
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011 © 2011 World Economic Forum
274
2.1: Country/Economy Profiles
Moldova
Key indicators
Population (millions), 2009..............................................................................3.6
Surface area (1,000 square kilometers) ........................................................33.9
Gross domestic product (US$ billions), 2009 .................................................5.4
Gross domestic product (PPP, US$) per capita, 2009 .............................2,838.6
Real GDP growth (percent), 2009.................................................................–6.5
Environmental Performance Index, 2010 (out of 163 economies)..................86
Travel & Tourism indicators
T&T industry, 2010 estimates
GDP (US$ millions) ..................................................................80...................1.5 ....................4.1
Employment (1,000 jobs).........................................................15...................1.2 ..................–2.1
T&T economy, 2010 estimates
GDP (US$ millions) ................................................................336...................6.2 ....................4.4
Employment (1,000 jobs).........................................................62...................5.0 ..................–1.9
Source: World Travel & Tourism Council, TSA Research 2010
International tourist arrivals (thousands), 2009.......................7.0
International tourism receipts (US$ millions), 2009 ...........168.3
Source: United Nations World Tourism Organization
Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index
2011 Index ...........................................................................................................99 3.6
2009 Index............................................................................................................93 3.6
T&T regulatory framework ..............................................................................68 4.6
Policy rules and regulations..........................................................................81 4.3
Environmental sustainability..........................................................................78 4.4
Safety and security .........................................................................................65 4.9
Health and hygiene .........................................................................................49 5.5
Prioritization of Travel & Tourism................................................................115 3.7
T&T business environment and infrastructure............................................98 3.1
Air transport infrastructure..........................................................................128 2.1
Ground transport infrastructure..................................................................124 2.7
Tourism infrastructure ....................................................................................93 2.7
ICT infrastructure ............................................................................................65 3.3
Price competitiveness in the T&T industry.................................................54 4.8
T&T human, cultural, and natural resources .............................................129 3.1
Human resources ............................................................................................97 4.6
Education and training.............................................................................89 4.3
Availability of qualified labor...................................................................96 4.8
Affinity for Travel & Tourism..........................................................................75 4.5
Natural resources .........................................................................................132 2.0
Cultural resources.........................................................................................121 1.4
Note: For descriptions of variables and detailed sources, please refer to “How to the Read Country/Economy Profiles.”
Rank Score
(out of 139) (1–7 scale)
International tourist arrivals
(thousands)
International tourism receipts
(US$ millions)
2011–2020
Percent annual growth
of total (%, forecast)
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009
0
50
100
150
200
250
1234567
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011 © 2011 World Economic Forum
275
2.1: Country/Economy Profiles
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index in detail
INDICATOR RANK/139
1st pillar: Policy rules and regulations
1.01 Prevalence of foreign ownership....................................120
1.02 Property rights ................................................................119
1.03 Business impact of rules on FDI ....................................100
1.04 Visa requirements*...........................................................93
1.05 Openness of bilateral Air Service Agreements* ............124
1.06 Transparency of government policymaking ......................67
1.07 Time required to start a business* ..................................
40
1.08 Cost to start a business* .................................................70
1.09 GATS commitments* .........................................................
3
2nd pillar: Environmental sustainability
2.01 Stringency of environmental regulation..........................117
2.02 Enforcement of environmental regulation ......................112
2.03 Sustainability of T&T industry development...................128
2.04 Carbon dioxide emissions* ..............................................
40
2.05 Particulate matter concentration* ...................................70
2.06 Threatened species* .......................................................55
2.07 Environmental treaty ratification* ....................................94
3rd pillar: Safety and security
3.01 Business costs of terrorism..............................................48
3.02 Reliability of police services............................................116
3.03 Business costs of crime and violence..............................60
3.04 Road traffic accidents* ....................................................63
4th pillar: Health and hygiene
4.01 Physician density* ...........................................................39
4.02 Access to improved sanitation* ......................................82
4.03 Access to improved drinking water* ...............................82
4.04 Hospital beds* .................................................................
24
5th pillar: Prioritization of Travel & Tourism
5.01 Government prioritization of the T&T industry ...............125
5.02 T&T government expenditure* ........................................71
5.03 Effectiveness of marketing and branding.......................133
5.04 Comprehensiveness of annual T&T data*........................
25
5.05 Timeliness of providing monthly/quarterly T&T data* ....102
6th pillar: Air transport infrastructure
6.01 Quality of air transport infrastructure .............................109
6.02 Available seat kilometers, domestic* .............................103
6.03 Available seat kilometers, international* ........................122
6.04 Departures per 1,000 population* ...................................89
6.05 Airport density* ..............................................................112
6.06 Number of operating airlines* ........................................108
6.07 International air transport network ................................118
7th pillar: Ground transport infrastructure
7.01 Quality of roads ..............................................................139
7.02 Quality of railroad infrastructure .......................................67
7.03 Quality of port infrastructure ..........................................124
7.04 Quality of ground transport network ..............................106
7.05 Road density* ...................................................................60
INDICATOR RANK/139
8th pillar: Tourism infrastructure
8.01 Hotel rooms* ..................................................................118
8.02 Presence of major car rental companies*........................80
8.03 ATMs accepting Visa cards*.............................................81
9th pillar: ICT infrastructure
9.01 Extent of business Internet use .......................................99
9.02 Internet users* .................................................................62
9.03 Telephone lines*...............................................................
38
9.04 Broadband Internet subscribers* .....................................65
9.05 Mobile telephone subscribers* ........................................91
10th pillar: Price competitiveness in the T&T industry
10.01 Ticket taxes and airport charges*...................................111
10.02 Purchasing power parity* .................................................60
10.03 Extent and effect of taxation............................................55
10.04 Fuel price levels*..............................................................83
10.05 Hotel price index*.............................................................
10
11th pillar: Human resources
11.01 Primary education enrollment*.......................................106
11.02 Secondary education enrollment* ....................................69
11.03 Quality of the educational system....................................96
11.04 Local availability of research and training services...........93
11.05 Extent of staff training....................................................117
11.06 Hiring and firing practices...............................................100
11.07 Ease of hiring foreign labor...............................................78
11.08 HIV prevalence*................................................................79
11.09 Business impact of HIV/AIDS...........................................74
11.10 Life expectancy*...............................................................92
12th pillar: Affinity for Travel & Tourism
12.01 Tourism openness* ..........................................................34
12.02 Attitude of population toward foreign visitors..................70
12.03 Extension of business trips recommended....................131
13th pillar: Natural resources
13.01 Number of World Heritage natural sites*.........................75
13.02 Protected areas*.............................................................123
13.03 Quality of the natural environment...................................95
13.04 Total known species* .....................................................124
14th pillar: Cultural resources
14.01 Number of World Heritage cultural sites*......................104
14.02 Sports stadiums*..............................................................79
14.03 Number of international fairs and exhibitions*...............125
14.04 Creative industries exports*.............................................78
Moldova
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum. For
further details and explanation, please refer to the section "How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles" at the beginning of this chapter.
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011 © 2011 World Economic Forum
276
2.1: Country/Economy Profiles
Mongolia
Key indicators
Population (millions), 2009..............................................................................2.7
Surface area (1,000 square kilometers) ...................................................1,564.1
Gross domestic product (US$ billions), 2009 .................................................4.2
Gross domestic product (PPP, US$) per capita, 2009 .............................3,456.0
Real GDP growth (percent), 2009.................................................................–1.6
Environmental Performance Index, 2010 (out of 163 economies)................142
Travel & Tourism indicators
T&T industry, 2010 estimates
GDP (US$ millions) ................................................................233...................3.3 ....................7.9
Employment (1,000 jobs).........................................................29...................2.5 ....................0.7
T&T economy, 2010 estimates
GDP (US$ millions) ................................................................635...................8.9 ....................8.1
Employment (1,000 jobs).........................................................81...................7.1 ....................0.8
Source: World Travel & Tourism Council, TSA Research 2010
International tourist arrivals (thousands), 2009...................433.1
International tourism receipts (US$ millions), 2009 ...........235.3
Source: United Nations World Tourism Organization
Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index
2011 Index .........................................................................................................101 3.6
2009 Index..........................................................................................................105 3.5
T&T regulatory framework ..............................................................................97 4.2
Policy rules and regulations..........................................................................87 4.2
Environmental sustainability........................................................................138 3.3
Safety and security .........................................................................................67 4.9
Health and hygiene .........................................................................................76 4.5
Prioritization of Travel & Tourism..................................................................96 4.2
T&T business environment and infrastructure..........................................112 2.8
Air transport infrastructure............................................................................77 2.8
Ground transport infrastructure..................................................................133 2.4
Tourism infrastructure ..................................................................................121 1.8
ICT infrastructure ............................................................................................99 2.4
Price competitiveness in the T&T industry.................................................59 4.7
T&T human, cultural, and natural resources ...............................................86 3.7
Human resources ............................................................................................99 4.5
Education and training...........................................................................109 4.0
Availability of qualified labor...................................................................77 5.0
Affinity for Travel & Tourism..........................................................................36 5.0
Natural resources ...........................................................................................84 2.9
Cultural resources...........................................................................................71 2.2
Note: For descriptions of variables and detailed sources, please refer to “How to the Read Country/Economy Profiles.”
Rank Score
(out of 139) (1–7 scale)
International tourist arrivals
(thousands)
International tourism receipts
(US$ millions)
2011–2020
Percent annual growth
of total (%, forecast)
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009
0
100
200
300
400
500
1234567
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011 © 2011 World Economic Forum
277
2.1: Country/Economy Profiles
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index in detail
INDICATOR RANK/139
1st pillar: Policy rules and regulations
1.01 Prevalence of foreign ownership......................................59
1.02 Property rights ................................................................115
1.03 Business impact of rules on FDI ....................................105
1.04 Visa requirements*.........................................................130
1.05 Openness of bilateral Air Service Agreements* ............114
1.06 Transparency of government policymaking ....................120
1.07 Time required to start a business* ..................................
50
1.08 Cost to start a business* .................................................34
1.09 GATS commitments* .......................................................11
2nd pillar: Environmental sustainability
2.01 Stringency of environmental regulation..........................137
2.02 Enforcement of environmental regulation ......................137
2.03 Sustainability of T&T industry development...................127
2.04 Carbon dioxide emissions* ..............................................70
2.05 Particulate matter concentration* .................................129
2.06 Threatened species* .......................................................99
2.07 Environmental treaty ratification* ....................................81
3rd pillar: Safety and security
3.01 Business costs of terrorism..............................................19
3.02 Reliability of police services..............................................96
3.03 Business costs of crime and violence..............................73
3.04 Road traffic accidents* ....................................................80
4th pillar: Health and hygiene
4.01 Physician density* ...........................................................41
4.02 Access to improved sanitation* ....................................106
4.03 Access to improved drinking water* .............................112
4.04 Hospital beds* .................................................................
26
5th pillar: Prioritization of Travel & Tourism
5.01 Government prioritization of the T&T industry .................97
5.02 T&T government expenditure* ........................................
50
5.03 Effectiveness of marketing and branding.......................115
5.04 Comprehensiveness of annual T&T data*......................129
5.05 Timeliness of providing monthly/quarterly T&T data* ......
12
6th pillar: Air transport infrastructure
6.01 Quality of air transport infrastructure .............................129
6.02 Available seat kilometers, domestic* ...............................62
6.03 Available seat kilometers, international* ........................118
6.04 Departures per 1,000 population* ...................................73
6.05 Airport density* ..................................................................
8
6.06 Number of operating airlines* ........................................127
6.07 International air transport network ................................133
7th pillar: Ground transport infrastructure
7.01 Quality of roads ..............................................................138
7.02 Quality of railroad infrastructure .......................................69
7.03 Quality of port infrastructure ..........................................112
7.04 Quality of ground transport network ..............................132
7.05 Road density* .................................................................132
INDICATOR RANK/139
8th pillar: Tourism infrastructure
8.01 Hotel rooms* ....................................................................86
8.02 Presence of major car rental companies*......................125
8.03 ATMs accepting Visa cards*.............................................95
9th pillar: ICT infrastructure
9.01 Extent of business Internet use .......................................98
9.02 Internet users* .................................................................96
9.03 Telephone lines*.............................................................103
9.04 Broadband Internet subscribers* .....................................91
9.05 Mobile telephone subscribers* ........................................85
10th pillar: Price competitiveness in the T&T industry
10.01 Ticket taxes and airport charges*.....................................32
10.02 Purchasing power parity* .................................................26
10.03 Extent and effect of taxation............................................69
10.04 Fuel price levels*............................................................108
10.05 Hotel price index*............................................................n/a
11th pillar: Human resources
11.01 Primary education enrollment*.........................................89
11.02 Secondary education enrollment* ....................................53
11.03 Quality of the educational system..................................136
11.04 Local availability of research and training services.........139
11.05 Extent of staff training......................................................82
11.06 Hiring and firing practices.................................................
23
11.07 Ease of hiring foreign labor...............................................93
11.08 HIV prevalence*................................................................
20
11.09 Business impact of HIV/AIDS...........................................67
11.10 Life expectancy*...............................................................96
12th pillar: Affinity for Travel & Tourism
12.01 Tourism openness* ..........................................................19
12.02 Attitude of population toward foreign visitors................124
12.03 Extension of business trips recommended......................64
13th pillar: Natural resources
13.01 Number of World Heritage natural sites*.........................43
13.02 Protected areas*...............................................................47
13.03 Quality of the natural environment.................................129
13.04 Total known species* .......................................................74
14th pillar: Cultural resources
14.01 Number of World Heritage cultural sites*........................25
14.02 Sports stadiums*............................................................111
14.03 Number of international fairs and exhibitions*...............104
14.04 Creative industries exports*...........................................108
Mongolia
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum. For
further details and explanation, please refer to the section "How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles" at the beginning of this chapter.
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011 © 2011 World Economic Forum
278
2.1: Country/Economy Profiles
Montenegro
Key indicators
Population (millions), 2009..............................................................................0.6
Surface area (1,000 square kilometers) ........................................................13.8
Gross domestic product (US$ billions), 2009 .................................................4.2
Gross domestic product (PPP, US$) per capita, 2009 ...........................10,527.6
Real GDP growth (percent), 2009.................................................................–5.7
Environmental Performance Index, 2010 (out of 163 economies) .................n/a
Travel & Tourism indicators
T&T industry, 2010 estimates
GDP (US$ millions) ................................................................535.................10.8 ....................8.6
Employment (1,000 jobs).........................................................16...................9.3 ....................5.4
T&T economy, 2010 estimates
GDP (US$ millions) .............................................................1,002.................20.3 ....................6.9
Employment (1,000 jobs).........................................................30.................17.4 ....................3.8
Source: World Travel & Tourism Council, TSA Research 2010
International tourist arrivals (thousands), 2009................1,044.0
International tourism receipts (US$ millions), 2009 ...........662.1
Source: United Nations World Tourism Organization
Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index
2011 Index ...........................................................................................................36 4.6
2009 Index............................................................................................................52 4.3
T&T regulatory framework ..............................................................................32 5.1
Policy rules and regulations..........................................................................10 5.3
Environmental sustainability..........................................................................45 4.9
Safety and security .........................................................................................37 5.4
Health and hygiene .........................................................................................53 5.3
Prioritization of Travel & Tourism..................................................................42 4.9
T&T business environment and infrastructure............................................49 4.2
Air transport infrastructure............................................................................62 3.3
Ground transport infrastructure..................................................................109 2.9
Tourism infrastructure ....................................................................................25 5.7
ICT infrastructure ............................................................................................42 4.1
Price competitiveness in the T&T industry.................................................48 4.8
T&T human, cultural, and natural resources ...............................................36 4.4
Human resources ............................................................................................35 5.2
Education and training.............................................................................45 5.0
Availability of qualified labor...................................................................26 5.4
Affinity for Travel & Tourism............................................................................7 5.9
Natural resources ...........................................................................................71 3.2
Cultural resources...........................................................................................46 3.2
Note: For descriptions of variables and detailed sources, please refer to “How to the Read Country/Economy Profiles.”
Rank Score
(out of 139) (1–7 scale)
International tourist arrivals
(thousands)
International tourism receipts
(US$ millions)
2011–2020
Percent annual growth
of total (%, forecast)
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1234567
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011 © 2011 World Economic Forum
279
2.1: Country/Economy Profiles
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index in detail
INDICATOR RANK/139
1st pillar: Policy rules and regulations
1.01 Prevalence of foreign ownership......................................51
1.02 Property rights ..................................................................48
1.03 Business impact of rules on FDI ......................................
21
1.04 Visa requirements*...........................................................35
1.05 Openness of bilateral Air Service Agreements*..............n/a
1.06 Transparency of government policymaking ......................
36
1.07 Time required to start a business* ..................................40
1.08 Cost to start a business* .................................................
21
1.09 GATS commitments*.......................................................n/a
2nd pillar: Environmental sustainability
2.01 Stringency of environmental regulation............................58
2.02 Enforcement of environmental regulation ........................56
2.03 Sustainability of T&T industry development.....................
16
2.04 Carbon dioxide emissions* ..............................................77
2.05 Particulate matter concentration* ...................................59
2.06 Threatened species* .......................................................67
2.07 Environmental treaty ratification* ....................................94
3rd pillar: Safety and security
3.01 Business costs of terrorism..............................................13
3.02 Reliability of police services..............................................47
3.03 Business costs of crime and violence..............................
20
3.04 Road traffic accidents* ....................................................85
4th pillar: Health and hygiene
4.01 Physician density* ...........................................................57
4.02 Access to improved sanitation* ......................................59
4.03 Access to improved drinking water* ...............................51
4.04 Hospital beds* .................................................................43
5th pillar: Prioritization of Travel & Tourism
5.01 Government prioritization of the T&T industry .................30
5.02 T&T government expenditure* ........................................90
5.03 Effectiveness of marketing and branding.........................
13
5.04 Comprehensiveness of annual T&T data*......................105
5.05 Timeliness of providing monthly/quarterly T&T data* ......
12
6th pillar: Air transport infrastructure
6.01 Quality of air transport infrastructure ...............................91
6.02 Available seat kilometers, domestic* .............................103
6.03 Available seat kilometers, international* ........................121
6.04 Departures per 1,000 population* ...................................37
6.05 Airport density* ................................................................
17
6.06 Number of operating airlines* ........................................108
6.07 International air transport network ..................................98
7th pillar: Ground transport infrastructure
7.01 Quality of roads ..............................................................112
7.02 Quality of railroad infrastructure .......................................68
7.03 Quality of port infrastructure ..........................................106
7.04 Quality of ground transport network ..............................103
7.05 Road density* ...................................................................98
INDICATOR RANK/139
8th pillar: Tourism infrastructure
8.01 Hotel rooms* ......................................................................5
8.02 Presence of major car rental companies*........................64
8.03 ATMs accepting Visa cards*.............................................40
9th pillar: ICT infrastructure
9.01 Extent of business Internet use .......................................97
9.02 Internet users* .................................................................49
9.03 Telephone lines*...............................................................47
9.04 Broadband Internet subscribers* .....................................55
9.05 Mobile telephone subscribers* ..........................................
2
10th pillar: Price competitiveness in the T&T industry
10.01 Ticket taxes and airport charges*.....................................55
10.02 Purchasing power parity* .................................................43
10.03 Extent and effect of taxation............................................
21
10.04 Fuel price levels*..............................................................90
10.05 Hotel price index*............................................................n/a
11th pillar: Human resources
11.01 Primary education enrollment*.........................................20
11.02 Secondary education enrollment* ....................................73
11.03 Quality of the educational system....................................37
11.04 Local availability of research and training services...........79
11.05 Extent of staff training......................................................69
11.06 Hiring and firing practices.................................................41
11.07 Ease of hiring foreign labor...............................................
32
11.08 HIV prevalence*..................................................................1
11.09 Business impact of HIV/AIDS...........................................20
11.10 Life expectancy*...............................................................53
12th pillar: Affinity for Travel & Tourism
12.01 Tourism openness* ............................................................5
12.02 Attitude of population toward foreign visitors..................35
12.03 Extension of business trips recommended......................48
13th pillar: Natural resources
13.01 Number of World Heritage natural sites*.........................43
13.02 Protected areas*...............................................................59
13.03 Quality of the natural environment...................................
28
13.04 Total known species* .......................................................97
14th pillar: Cultural resources
14.01 Number of World Heritage cultural sites*......................104
14.02 Sports stadiums*..............................................................
10
14.03 Number of international fairs and exhibitions*...............122
14.04 Creative industries exports* ............................................n/a
Montenegro
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum. For
further details and explanation, please refer to the section "How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles" at the beginning of this chapter.
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011 © 2011 World Economic Forum
280
2.1: Country/Economy Profiles
Morocco
Key indicators
Population (millions), 2009............................................................................32.0
Surface area (1,000 square kilometers) ......................................................446.6
Gross domestic product (US$ billions), 2009 ...............................................91.4
Gross domestic product (PPP, US$) per capita, 2009 .............................4,586.9
Real GDP growth (percent), 2009...................................................................4.9
Environmental Performance Index, 2010 (out of 163 economies)..................52
Travel & Tourism indicators
T&T industry, 2010 estimates
GDP (US$ millions) .............................................................7,649...................7.5 ....................6.1
Employment (1,000 jobs).......................................................717...................6.6 ....................3.9
T&T economy, 2010 estimates
GDP (US$ millions) ...........................................................14,454.................14.1 ....................5.8
Employment (1,000 jobs)....................................................1,334.................12.2 ....................3.6
Source: World Travel & Tourism Council, TSA Research 2010
International tourist arrivals (thousands), 2009................8,341.2
International tourism receipts (US$ millions), 2009 ........6,557.4
Source: United Nations World Tourism Organization
Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index
2011 Index ...........................................................................................................78 3.9
2009 Index............................................................................................................75 3.9
T&T regulatory framework ..............................................................................69 4.5
Policy rules and regulations..........................................................................48 4.6
Environmental sustainability..........................................................................36 5.0
Safety and security .........................................................................................84 4.5
Health and hygiene .......................................................................................104 3.2
Prioritization of Travel & Tourism..................................................................23 5.4
T&T business environment and infrastructure............................................77 3.5
Air transport infrastructure............................................................................68 3.0
Ground transport infrastructure....................................................................72 3.5
Tourism infrastructure ....................................................................................71 3.7
ICT infrastructure ............................................................................................79 2.9
Price competitiveness in the T&T industry.................................................83 4.4
T&T human, cultural, and natural resources ...............................................73 3.7
Human resources ............................................................................................90 4.6
Education and training...........................................................................102 4.1
Availability of qualified labor...................................................................53 5.2
Affinity for Travel & Tourism..........................................................................22 5.3
Natural resources .........................................................................................126 2.1
Cultural resources...........................................................................................54 2.9
Note: For descriptions of variables and detailed sources, please refer to “How to the Read Country/Economy Profiles.”
Rank Score
(out of 139) (1–7 scale)
International tourist arrivals
(thousands)
International tourism receipts
(US$ millions)
2011–2020
Percent annual growth
of total (%, forecast)
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
1234567
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011 © 2011 World Economic Forum
281
2.1: Country/Economy Profiles
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index in detail
INDICATOR RANK/139
1st pillar: Policy rules and regulations
1.01 Prevalence of foreign ownership......................................74
1.02 Property rights ..................................................................63
1.03 Business impact of rules on FDI ......................................74
1.04 Visa requirements*...........................................................72
1.05 Openness of bilateral Air Service Agreements* ..............56
1.06 Transparency of government policymaking ......................76
1.07 Time required to start a business* ..................................
46
1.08 Cost to start a business* .................................................84
1.09 GATS commitments* .......................................................
35
2nd pillar: Environmental sustainability
2.01 Stringency of environmental regulation............................84
2.02 Enforcement of environmental regulation ........................79
2.03 Sustainability of T&T industry development.....................
19
2.04 Carbon dioxide emissions* ..............................................49
2.05 Particulate matter concentration* ...................................32
2.06 Threatened species* .......................................................94
2.07 Environmental treaty ratification* ....................................65
3rd pillar: Safety and security
3.01 Business costs of terrorism..............................................84
3.02 Reliability of police services..............................................62
3.03 Business costs of crime and violence..............................57
3.04 Road traffic accidents* ..................................................106
4th pillar: Health and hygiene
4.01 Physician density* .........................................................100
4.02 Access to improved sanitation* ......................................91
4.03 Access to improved drinking water* .............................106
4.04 Hospital beds* ...............................................................104
5th pillar: Prioritization of Travel & Tourism
5.01 Government prioritization of the T&T industry .................11
5.02 T&T government expenditure* ........................................64
5.03 Effectiveness of marketing and branding.........................
12
5.04 Comprehensiveness of annual T&T data*........................28
5.05 Timeliness of providing monthly/quarterly T&T data* ........1
6th pillar: Air transport infrastructure
6.01 Quality of air transport infrastructure ...............................67
6.02 Available seat kilometers, domestic* ...............................
49
6.03 Available seat kilometers, international* ..........................40
6.04 Departures per 1,000 population* ...................................76
6.05 Airport density* ................................................................85
6.06 Number of operating airlines* ..........................................
42
6.07 International air transport network ..................................60
7th pillar: Ground transport infrastructure
7.01 Quality of roads ................................................................88
7.02 Quality of railroad infrastructure .......................................
37
7.03 Quality of port infrastructure ............................................62
7.04 Quality of ground transport network ................................75
7.05 Road density* .................................................................100
INDICATOR RANK/139
8th pillar: Tourism infrastructure
8.01 Hotel rooms* ....................................................................81
8.02 Presence of major car rental companies*..........................
1
8.03 ATMs accepting Visa cards*.............................................86
9th pillar: ICT infrastructure
9.01 Extent of business Internet use .......................................85
9.02 Internet users* .................................................................54
9.03 Telephone lines*...............................................................90
9.04 Broadband Internet subscribers* .....................................88
9.05 Mobile telephone subscribers* ........................................89
10th pillar: Price competitiveness in the T&T industry
10.01 Ticket taxes and airport charges*.....................................88
10.02 Purchasing power parity* .................................................82
10.03 Extent and effect of taxation..........................................100
10.04 Fuel price levels*..............................................................95
10.05 Hotel price index*.............................................................
48
11th pillar: Human resources
11.01 Primary education enrollment*.........................................96
11.02 Secondary education enrollment* ..................................111
11.03 Quality of the educational system..................................105
11.04 Local availability of research and training services...........60
11.05 Extent of staff training......................................................87
11.06 Hiring and firing practices.................................................66
11.07 Ease of hiring foreign labor...............................................55
11.08 HIV prevalence*................................................................
20
11.09 Business impact of HIV/AIDS.........................................105
11.10 Life expectancy*...............................................................74
12th pillar: Affinity for Travel & Tourism
12.01 Tourism openness* ..........................................................27
12.02 Attitude of population toward foreign visitors..................12
12.03 Extension of business trips recommended......................24
13th pillar: Natural resources
13.01 Number of World Heritage natural sites*.........................75
13.02 Protected areas*.............................................................120
13.03 Quality of the natural environment...................................94
13.04 Total known species* .......................................................75
14th pillar: Cultural resources
14.01 Number of World Heritage cultural sites*........................23
14.02 Sports stadiums*..............................................................82
14.03 Number of international fairs and exhibitions*.................56
14.04 Creative industries exports*.............................................65
Morocco
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum. For
further details and explanation, please refer to the section "How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles" at the beginning of this chapter.
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011 © 2011 World Economic Forum
282
2.1: Country/Economy Profiles
Mozambique
Key indicators
Population (millions), 2009............................................................................22.9
Surface area (1,000 square kilometers) ......................................................799.4
Gross domestic product (US$ billions), 2009 .................................................9.8
Gross domestic product (PPP, US$) per capita, 2009 ................................932.5
Real GDP growth (percent), 2009...................................................................6.3
Environmental Performance Index, 2010 (out of 163 economies)................112
Travel & Tourism indicators
T&T industry, 2010 estimates
GDP (US$ millions) ................................................................273...................2.5 ....................6.9
Employment (1,000 jobs).......................................................158...................2.0 ....................3.6
T&T economy, 2010 estimates
GDP (US$ millions) ................................................................605...................5.6 ....................6.7
Employment (1,000 jobs).......................................................356...................4.4 ....................2.9
Source: World Travel & Tourism Council, TSA Research 2010
International tourist arrivals (thousands), 2009................2,386.0
International tourism receipts (US$ millions), 2009 ...........195.6
Source: United Nations World Tourism Organization
Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index
2011 Index .........................................................................................................128 3.2
2009 Index..........................................................................................................124 3.1
T&T regulatory framework ............................................................................124 3.6
Policy rules and regulations........................................................................109 3.8
Environmental sustainability..........................................................................32 5.0
Safety and security .......................................................................................125 3.8
Health and hygiene .......................................................................................136 1.1
Prioritization of Travel & Tourism..................................................................63 4.5
T&T business environment and infrastructure..........................................119 2.7
Air transport infrastructure..........................................................................112 2.3
Ground transport infrastructure..................................................................128 2.6
Tourism infrastructure ....................................................................................99 2.6
ICT infrastructure ..........................................................................................127 1.9
Price competitiveness in the T&T industry.................................................89 4.4
T&T human, cultural, and natural resources .............................................127 3.2
Human resources ..........................................................................................135 3.2
Education and training...........................................................................129 3.2
Availability of qualified labor.................................................................135 3.3
Affinity for Travel & Tourism..........................................................................94 4.4
Natural resources ...........................................................................................55 3.5
Cultural resources.........................................................................................117 1.5
Note: For descriptions of variables and detailed sources, please refer to “How to the Read Country/Economy Profiles.”
Rank Score
(out of 139) (1–7 scale)
International tourist arrivals
(thousands)
International tourism receipts
(US$ millions)
2011–2020
Percent annual growth
of total (%, forecast)
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
1234567
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011 © 2011 World Economic Forum