Тарасенко О.С., Олехнович В.Т. English
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11. When the uncle left / had left, Tom hurried / had hurried to the
station to book a ticket.
12. When we entered / had entered the theatre the play had already begun
/ began.
13. The teacher understood that Lena didn’t do / hadn’t done her
homework.
14. I knew that my friend hadn’t come / didn’t come yet.
15. Tom said that he got / had got his education at Cambridge.
Страдательный залог
Exercise 48. Раскройте скобки, поставив глаголы в Present Simple
Passive.
Например: Breakfast is served (serve) in Pierrot’s Restaurant between 7
and 10.
1. Dinner … (serve) between 8 and 10 p.m. in Main Restaurant.
2. Newspapers … (sell) at the Reception Desk.
3. Rooms … (clean) by Maid Service daily.
4. Hot water … (supply) 24 hours a day.
5. Films … (show) every night at 10 p.m.
6. Telephone calls … (make) at the Reception Desk.
Exercise 49. Раскройте скобки, поставив глаголы в Past Simple
Passive.
Two men 1) were seen (see) breaking into a house in my street last
night. The police 2) … (call) and they arrived very quickly. One man 3) …
(catch) immediately. The other escaped, but he 4) … (find) very soon.
Both men 5) … (take) to the police station where they 6) … (question)
separately by a police officer. The two men 7) … (charge) with burglary.
Exercise 50. Раскройте скобки, поставив глаголы
в Present Simple,
Past Simple и Future Simple Passive.
1. Bread … (eat) every day. 2. The letter … (receive) yesterday. 3. Nick …
(send) to Moscow next week. 4. I … (ask) at the lesson yesterday. 5. Many
houses … (build) in our town every year. 6. This work … (do) tomorrow.
7. These texts … (translate) at the last lesson. 8. We … (invite) to a
concert last Saturday. 9. Hockey … (play) in winter. 10. His new book …
(finish) next year. 11. Many houses … (burn) during the Great Fire in
London. 12. Mushrooms … (gather) in autumn.
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Exercise 51. Раскройте скобки, выбрав требующуюся форму глагола.
Например: The porter will (bring, be brought) your luggage to your room.
– The porter will bring your luggage to your room.
Your luggage will (bring, be brought) to your room. - Your luggage will be
brought to your room.
1. They (looked / were looked) for the newspaper everywhere.
2. Babies (look / are looked) after very carefully.
3. The roof of the house will (paint / be painted) soon.
4. She (showed / was shown) us the way.
5. I (didn’t invite / wasn’t invited) to their party.
6. They (are discussing / are being discussed) this question now.
7. Will we (meet/be met) by a man from the travel agency at the station?
8. Will he (take / be taken) them to the Russian museum?
9. They can (leave / be left) the key with the clerk downstairs.
10. Your hat must (leave / be left) in the cloak-room.
Exercise 52. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present, Past или
Future Simple Passive.
Например: Milk (to give) to kittens every day. – Milk is given to kittens
every day.
1. The letter … (receive) yesterday.
2. Nick … (send) to Moscow next week.
3. Many houses … (build) in our town every year.
4. Some new metro lines … (construct) now.
5. All the exercises … (do) already in written form.
6. Moscow University … (found) by Lomonosov.
7. At the last competition the first prize … (win) by our team.
8. Your report must … (divide) into two chapters.
9. The lectures … (attend) by all of us.
10. The letter … (post) tomorrow.
Exercise 53. Передайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice.
Например: You must do three of these exercises tomorrow – Three of
these exercises must be done tomorrow.
1. You can find this book in any library.
2. They can cross the river on a raft.
3. The workers can finish the building of the house very soon.
4. I can easily forgive this mistake.
5. The doctor says they must take her to the hospital.
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6. You can grow this crop anywhere in Rostov region.
Exercise 54. Передайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice.
Например: We finished the work in time. – The work was finished in
time.
1. The elephant broke the branch of the tree.
2. I think, you should do all the exercises.
3. They have just sent that letter.
4. They grow coffee in Brazil.
5. Thieves didn’t steal the picture by Van Gogh yesterday.
6. Do they build any skyscrapers in your city?
Exercise 55. Передайте следующие предложения в Active Voice.
Например: The room was cleaned and aired by the maid. – The maid
cleaned and aired the room.
1. The letters have just been typed by the secretary.
2. Betty was met at the station by Tom.
3. Newspapers are delivered by postmen.
4. This article will be translated by the students at the lesson on Tuesday.
5. All the questions must be answered by the speaker.
6. The door has not been closed by the children.
Exercise 56. Поставьте вопросы к выделенным словам (Passive Voice).
Например: We were asked a lot of
questions (how many). – How many
questions were we asked?
1. The coats are left in the cloakroom
(where). 2. Books are returned
to the library at the end of the year
(when). 3. The flowers are not watered
every day (why). 4. She
was told the truth (who). 5. A written test will be
given at the next lesson
(when). 6. The film was much spoken about.
Exercise 57. Выберите правильную форму глагола.
1. Yesterday we … (invite) to the restaurant by our boss.
a) are invited b) were invited c) invite
2. Look! The bridge … (repair).
a) is being repaired b) is been repaired c) has being repaired
3. The letter and the parcel … (post) tomorrow.
a) will be post b) will being posted c) will be posted
4. Henry … (know) to be a very industrious person.
a) have been known b) is known c) is been known
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5. In Greece the Olympic Games … (hold) once in four years.
a) were held b) are being held c) are held
6. The problem … (study) for three years, but we haven’t got any results.
a) has been studied b)has being studied c) was studied
7. His book … (publish) next month.
a) is being publishing b) would be publish c) will be published
8. I … (bear) in a small Russian town not far from Samara.
a) were born b)am born c) was born
Exercise 58. Составьте предложения из данных слов (Passive Voice)
Например: 200 houses/ built/ year/ were – 200 houses were built last
year.
1. has/ a cure for cancer/ not/ yet/ found/ been.
2. always/ sold/ love stories/ well/ are.
3. be/ year/ a lot of/ will/ cars/ made/ new/ next.
4. arrested/ during/ four people/ yesterday’s/ were/ football match.
5. laid/ now/ the/ is/ table/ being.
6. not/ the / be/ meeting/ held/ can
Модальные глаголы
Exercise59. Вставьте модальные глаголы may или can.
Например: May I come in? I can come and see you tomorrow.
1. … you see anything in the darkness?
2. You … go when have finished your composition.
3. You … come in if you have taken off your boots.
4. Be careful. you … spill the milk if you carry it like that.
5. Most children … slide on ice very well.
6. Only a person who knows the language very well … answer such a
question.
Exercise60. Вставьте модальные глаголы may (might), can (could).
Например: Something was wrong with the car. he could not start it.
I’m not sure what to do tonight. I might
stay at home or I might visit my
friends.
1. I … not imagine her speaking in public. I knew that she was so shy.
2. You … read this book. you know the language well enough.
3. You … take this book. I don’t need it any more.
4. She asked me if she … use my telephone.
5. … I help you?
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6. ‘What’ s for dinner?’ ‘I don’t know yet. We … have some salad’
Exercise 61. Заполните пропуски модальными глаголами can, may,
must.
Например: I have very little time. I must go.
1. You … not smoke here. 2. ‘… I take your pen?’ ‘I’m afraid not. I need
it.’ 3. He … not speak English yet. 4. My boss … be in his office now. 5.
This woman is an experienced driver. she … drive even a bus.
6. … I ask you a question?
Exercise 62. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая
внимание на значение модальных глаголов have to, be to.
1. He is to come here at five o’clock.
2. The train was to leave at three-fifteen.
3. I can’t go out tonight. I have to study for my exam.
4. Who is to look after the children?
5. It was very cold yesterday, so I had to wear a warm coat.
6. There is no school tomorrow, so the children don’t have to go to bed
early.
Exercise 63. Заполните пропуски правильной формой глагола have to
(have to, has to, had to, will have to).
Например:The car broke down so I had to go by bus.
1. We arrived too early so we … wait.
2. He is a policeman so he … wear a uniform.
3. If the weather conditions get any worse, the climbers … give up.
4. I … learn Spanish because I need it for my job.
5. If I don’t pass the exam, I … take it again.
6. The manager told us, we … reduce our lunch breaks.
Exercise 64. Заполните пропуски правильной формой глагола can (can,
can’t, could, couldn’t, will be able to)
1. You … make an omelette without breaking eggs.
2. … you tell me the time, please?
3. Mr. Marshall is busy this week, but he … see you next week.
4. We told him … leave whenever he wanted to.
5. Allan … play chess two years ago, but now it is his favourite game.
6. Soon he … take part in chess competition.
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Exercise 65. Заполните пропуски правильной формой глагола have to (
don’t /doesn’t have to, didn’t have to, won’t have to).
Например:It’s Sunday tomorrow so I won’t have to get up early.
1. We went to a restaurant yesterday, so we … cook.
2. Let’s clean up now, so we … do it tomorrow.
3. Lucy feels better now, so she … take the medicine.
4. You’ve got plenty of time. You … hurry.
5. It was very warm yesterday, so I … wear a coat.
6. I took the dog for a walk this morning, so you … take it out now.
Exercise 66. Заполните пропуски модальными глаголами mustn’t,
needn’t.
A teacher is speaking to his students before a test.
“You are going to have a test today. Your test papers are on your desks.
You 1) mustn’t begin until I tell you. You 2) … hurry; you have plenty of
time. You 3) … speak during the test. You 4) … copy your friends’ work
or open any of your books. You 5) … write in pen; if you prefer you can
write in pencil. You 6) … stay when you’ve finished; you can leave if you
want to, but you 7) … be noisy. Wait for your friends outside the building!
Finally, I wish you all good luck. You can begin now!”
Неличные формы глагола
Инфинитив
Exercise 67. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на функции
инфинитива.
1. To move in space calls for quite new concepts of energy. 2. To form
such judgments about things depends on many observations by many
people. 3. The purpose of this chapter is to describe certain properties of
pure substances. 4. To prolong this discussion is to waste time. 5. The Sun
is the first object to be studied by rocket astronomy. 6. All the attempts to
confirm this suggestion have failed. 7. She gave him a list of a few books
to be read. 8. To get to the Earth the rays of the Sun have to travel for 8
minutes. 9. To explain the problem we were interested in he demonstrated
some diagrams.
Exercise 68. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на
конструкцию «Объектный падеж с инфинитивом».
1. Scientists do not consider this effect to be an experimental error of any
kind. 2. He found this ratio to have about the same large value as for
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cathode rays. 3. Have you heard him make his brilliant speech on current
events? 4. We suppose the construction of that building to be completed in
a week. 5. Do you want me to tell you about this engineer’s invention? 6.
In future we expect radiation chemistry to lead us to many discoveries of
great interest and promise for industry. 7. They wanted us to tell them
about the results of our research work. 8. They wanted the device to be
examined carefully by experts.
Exercise 69. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на
конструкцию «Именительный падеж с инфинитивом»
1. A scientist is expected to know the latest work on his own speciality. 2.
The importance of mathematics for all sciences is known to be growing
rapidly. 3. The procedure proved to be rather difficult and not very precise.
4. Although it appears to be theoretically possible the methods do not seem
to be very practical. 5. The nature of a neuron is unlikely to change. 6. The
construction of the dam is certain to be completed in two months. 7. He is
sure to make a brilliant report on that subject. 8. Vacuum tubes are
considered indispensable in industrial control.
Exercise 70. Определите в следующих предложениях функции
инфинитива; найдите инфинитивные обороты и переведите
предложения.
1. To translate a sentence is to discover its meaning and then construct a
sentence in the new language. 2. There are a great many things to be said
in favour of the proposal. 3. For calculation of total energy this method
was found to be extremely poor. 4. To complete a journey round the sun
requires nearly 29 years. 5. The aim of the book exhibition is to exchange
experience and to display the finest editions. 6. The individual components
appeared to be in excellent conditions. 7. Refined experiments showed the
data to be not quite true. 8. The breakdown is thought to be due to the
acceleration of electrons. 9. He was seen to start the engine. 10. To avoid
the accident the cars had to move very slowly. 11. We know the solar
constant to vary slightly from day to day.
Причастия
Exercise 71. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на
Participle I и Participle II в функции определения.
1. There is a growing demand for the kind of information given in these
tables. 2. Many of the books reviewed are available from the library. 3.
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The experiment being made at our laboratory shows the action of catalysts.
4. The paper described a series of carefully controlled experiments. 5. The
other paper presented at the conference dealt with sound phenomena. 6.
The work described here was part of our investigation. 7. The tests
reported here are very important for our research work. 8. These papers,
previously unpublished, fall into two groups.
Exercise 72. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на
причастие в функции обстоятельства.
1. Making the experiment he was seriously injured. 2. Knowing the
harmful effects of the rays, they took special precautions. 3. They worked
using the best modern equipment. 4. Having finished his experiments, he
compared the results. 5. While burning different substances combined with
oxygen. 6. Having discussed chemical reactions we proceeded to the
experiments. 7. The students spent the first year in the preparatory
department studying Russian. 8. When combined with the oxygen of the
air the match was lighted.
Exercise 73. Подчеркните независимые причастные обороты и
переведите предложения.
1. The text-book provides a series of examples, the examples being
graduated with a view to facilitating homework as much as possible. 2.
Natural radioactivity having been discovered, many scientists became
interested in it. 3. Many technical and scientific problems having been
solved, the first spaceflight could be realized. 4. Large masses of
substances are made up of molecules, molecules being made up of atoms.
5. The 5
th
of June arriving, they departed. 6. The wind having dropped,
they set out to walk. 7. The vessel being pretty deep in the water and the
weather being calm, there was but little motion. 8. The attendance from
Western European countries was regrettably small, about half of the
overseas visitors being from North America. 9. Plants grown in the dark
are always colourless, chlorophyll becoming green only under the action
of light.
Герундий
Exercise 74. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на функции
герундия.
1. Nuclear physics gives two directions for solving the energy problem. 2.
Nowadays man gets nineteenths of the energy by burning valuable raw
materials like oil, coal and gas. 3. His work was a success due to his
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experimenting so much. 4. By making their lenses of special materials, the
optical experts succeeded in constructing an ultraviolet microscope. 5. The
cost of transforming solar radiation into electricity is still very high. 6. The
best way out of the present situation lies in producing energy by means of
thermonuclear fusion. 7. We insist on their taking part in this work. 8.
Walking, riding, flying, dancing, climbing and sailing are all familiar
examples of motion. 9. The scientists gave up collecting more analogous
data – they did not help them. 10. I think of solving this problem in
another way than you did.
Exercise 75. Проанализируйте и переведите следующие предложения.
Подчеркните одной чертой герундий и двумя чертами причастие.
1. Decreasing the temperature we slow down the reaction. 2. Efforts being
made in the development of chemical industry meet with great success. 3.
The delegation arrived in Moscow with the object of conducting trade
negotiations. 4. A great many electron microscopes are in use today being
a very useful instrument in the hands of scientists. 5. Falling is a case of
motion at constant acceleration. 6. They stopped working immediately
after the clock struck five. 7. Having plenty of time, we decided to walk. 8.
It is no use discussing this question any longer. 9. The members of the
expedition were certain of their reaching the South Pole. 10. This
laboratory is not alone in making such studies. 11. Leading its own life
each cell plays a part in the life of the organism. 12. Pine-trees grow in
large quantities there, the soil being sandy.
ТЕСТЫ
Tests
Тест состоит из трех частей. А – грамматика, В – лексика, С – понимание
прочитанного текста. Задания рекомендуется выполнять по порядку. К каждому
заданию даны три варианта ответа, из которых только один правильный.
I семестр
Часть А – Грамматика – Grammar
I Выберите правильную форму глагола.
1. There … many rivers in Britain.
a) is b) are c) was
2. He … school 2 years ago.
a) finishes b) has finished c) finished
3. Maxwell … a professor of natural philosophy.
a) become b) becomes c) became
4. The Chicago flag … of four red stars two blue stripes.
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a) consists b) consist c) consisted
5. The sun … a surface temperature of about 6,000
o
C.
a) has b) have c) had
6. How many regions … in Scotland?
a) there are b) are there c) be there
7. When … Maxwell organize his laboratory?
a) do b) does c) did
8. At present all universities … the departments.
a) have b) has c) had
9. … these companies use advertising in their programs?
a) do b) does c) did
10. The rooms for students … cozy.
a) be b) are c) is
II Выберите правильный вопрос к предложению.
11. They went to the concert two days ago.
a) Do they go to the concert two days ago?
b) Did they go to the concert two days ago?
c) Did they went to the concert two days ago?
12. He leaves home at 9 a.m. every day.
a) When does he leaves home every day?
b) When do he leaves home every day?
c) When does he leave home every day?
13. He will return in two hours.
a) When will he return?
b) When he will return?
c) When return will he?
14. The children are glad to have many toys.
a) Why do the children glad to have many toys?
b) Why are the children glad to have many toys?
c) Why the children are glad to have many toys?
15. There are two new buildings in the street.
a) How many new buildings are in the street?
b) How many new buildings are there in the street?
c) How many new buildings is there in the street?
Часть В – Лексика – Vocabulary
I Подберите русские эквиваленты к следующим английским
словам.
1 subject a несколько
2 need b обязательный
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