Ramona G?ncz?l-Davies, Dennis Deletant; Colloquial Romanian: The Complete Course for Beginners
Подождите немного. Документ загружается.
25
RODI
CA:
We want to go to the Sotel hotel. Do you know
by any chance how much that will cost?
TAXI DRIVER:
1 don 't know exactly, it depends on the trac.
Anyhow, we'lt get there quickly; it's close by.
A
er a ten-minute journey:
RODIC
A:
TAXI DRIVER:
How much do we owe you?
53,000 lei.
RODICA:
We 've only got a 100,000 lei note.
TAXI DRIVER:
Haven't you got the exact money? /'m sorry, 1
haven 't got any smalt change.
RODI
C
A:
Wait a minute while we look.
Geing your bearings
Aeroportul este departe?
Is the airport far?
Da, este la 20 de kilometri de Bucureşti
Yes, its 20 kilometres from Bucharest
Cât de aproape este Gara de Nord?
How close is the North station?
Este foarte aproape de aici
It is very close to here
Note these ordin al numbers, which you are likely to hear when
receiving directions:
ls
t
primul (mase.)
20d al doilea
3 al treilea
4
t
h
al
patrulea
S
t
h
al cincilea
G
i
ving directions
prima (fem.)
a doua
a treia
a patra
a cincea
Hotelul Hilton este pe prima stradă, pe colţ.
The Hilton hotel is on the rst street, on the corner.
Restaurantul Cina este pe a doua stradă, la stânga.
T
he Cina restaurant is on the second street on the left.
26
Teatrul Naţional este imediat după hotelul Intercontinental,
pe stânga.
The National Theatre is immediately behind the
Intercontinental hotel, on the left.
Cinematograful Patria este drept înainte, pe stânga.
The Patria cinema is straight ahead, on the left.
Pentru Biserica Aibă mergeţi drept înainte
ş
i luaţi a treia
stradă la dreapta.
For the white church you go straight ahead and take the third
street on the right.
Exercise 5
�
�
l
��
�
f�fA
<
2
�
�
�
u
1fA1�LNAŢf�Al
l
!t!OGA
�
CENfMLÂ
!'RICA!
I
Using the map, describe the location of the following in relation
to the post-ofce - e.g. biserica: Biserica este pe a doua stradă la
dreapta.
1 hotelul Intercontinental
2 Teatrul Naţional
3 cinematograful Patria
4 restaurantul Cina
5 Biblioteca Centrală
3
În vacantă
,
On holiday
In this unit you will learn:
• How to express actions in the past
• More negative forms and expressions
• More about the definite article
• How to use adjectives
• Expressing possession (my, your etc.)
Useful words and phrases
at chef
să fac baie
pare rău
hai să vedem
Ia dreapta
1 felt like it
to take a bath
1 am sorry
let's see
on the right
Dialogue 1
Pe stradă
In the street
ce păcat
din păcate
sfârşit
îna stânga
se vede
what a pity
unfortunately
at last
on the left
it shows
George meets Maria, a student fr iend, in the street
GEORGE:
Bună Maria! Ce surpriză plăcută! Când ai venit din
concediu?
MARIA:
Bună seara, George! Am venit ieri.
GEORGE:
Şi unde ai fost?
28
MARIA:
GEORGE:
MARIA:
GEORGE:
MARIA:
GEORGE:
MARIA:
GEORGE:
MARIA:
GEORGE:
MARIA:
GEORGE:
MARIA:
GEORGE:
MARIA:
GEORGE:
MARIA:
Am fost la mare, la Mamaia.
Cum, nu ai fost la munte?
Nu, am avut chef de mare, dar nu am stat mult.
Şi cum a fost?
Neplăcut. A plouat aproape tot timpul. Nu am făcut
nimic interesant, nu am stat la soare, nu am putut să
fac baie, nu mai vreau să merg la mare.
Ce păcat! La munte e mai bine, nu?
Eu zic că da. E mai frumos la munte.
, Maria! What a pleasant surprise! When did you
retu from holiday?
Good evening, George! [ came back yesterday.
Where did you go?
[ went to the seaside, to Mamaia.
What, you didn't go to the mountains?
No, [ fe lt like the seaside, but [ didn 't stay long.
How was it?
Unpleasant. [t rained almost ali the time. [ didn 't do
anything interesting; [ didn 't sunbathe, [ couldn 't go
fo r a swim. [ don't want to go again.
What a pity! [t's better in the mountains, isn 't it?
[ think so, yes. The mountains are more beautil.
Vocabulary
[Column 1 shows, for nouns, the singular and plural forms; for adjectives
it shows the masculine and feminine singular forms, followed by the mascu
line and feminine plural. Column 2 shows the gender of nouns (m. =
masculine, = feminine, n. = neuter).]
surpriză,
surprise
concediu,
holiday,
surprize
concedii n.
leave
fruos, fruoasă,
beautiful
ieri yesterday
fruoşi, fruoase
are, ări
sea
unte, unţi m.
mountain
neplăcut, neplăcută,
unpleasant
păcat, păcate n.
sin
neplăcuţi, neplăcute
plăcut, plăcută,
pleasant
plăcuţi, plăcute
a ploua
to rain
a sta
to stay
soare m.
sun
Language points
Saying things in the past
In the dialogue George and Maria described a nuber of actions
i
n
the past:
Am fost la mare
Am venit ieri
Am avut chef de mare
1 went ta the seaside
1 cae yesterday
1 felt like going ta the seaside
The past tense in Roanian is fored fro two eleents: a
short for of a avea 'ta have' and the past for (participle) of the
requisite verb. Here are the past fors of a 'ta be', a veni 'ta
cae' and a avea 'ta have':
am fost
1 have been, 1 was
am fost
we have been,
we were
fost
you have been,
aţi fost
you have been,
you were
you were
a fost
he/she/it has
au fost
they have been/
been/was
were
am venit
1 have coe,
am venit
we have cae,
1 cae
we cae
ai venit
you have cae, aţi venit
you have cae,
you cae
you cae
a venit
he/she/it has
au venit
they have cae,
cae/cae
they cae
am avut
1 had
am avut
we had
ai avut
you had
aţi avut
you had
a avut
he/she/it had
au avut
they had
(Note that au venit ay be translated as 'they have cae', 'they
cae', or 'they have been coing'.)
You can see that the past for of the verb varies according ta
t
he type of verb. It is fored by adding -t ta verbs ending in -a,
-i and -Î. Those ending in -ea, and soe in -e, replace this ending
with out, while others in -e use os:
a da
a scrie
a spune
am dat
am scris
am spus
1 gave
1 wrote
I said
29
30
a sta
am stat
1 stayed
a lucra
am lucrat
I worked
a putea
am putut
1 could
a merge
am mers
1 went
a lua
am luat
I took
a vrea
am vrut
1 wanted
a face
am făcut
1 did
I didn 'f, I couldn 'f
We met sever al examples in the dialogue of negation in the past:
Nu am stat mult
I didn't stay long
Nu am putut să fac baie
1 couldn't go for a swim
Nu is of ten reduced when used with a verb in the past:
n-am stat mult
n-am putut să fac baie
n-am cut
n-am cut
n-ai făcut
n-aţi făcut
n-a făcut
n-au făcut
I didn 't stay long
I couldn't go for a swim
I didn't do
we didn't do
you didn't do
you didn 't do
he/she/it didn't do
they didn't do
Remember that we saw in Unit 1 that nu is also used when you
want to say 'nothing', 'no one' or 'never':
Nu am nimic
I have nothing
In the dialogue we met:
Nu am cut nimic interesant
I did nothing interesting
Exercise 1
Identify more examples of the use of nu in the following dialogue.
31
Dialogue 2
Biroul de informaţii pentru turişti
The tourist information oice
George is looking fo r holiday bargains at the travel agency
GEORGE:
FUNCŢIONARUL:
GEORGE:
FUNCŢIONARUL:
GEORGE:
FUNCŢIONARUL:
GEORGE:
GEORGE:
CLERK:
GEORGE:
GEORGE:
CLERK:
GEORGE:
Vocabulary
A veţi o hartă cu România, vă rog?
Din păcate nu mai avem nici o hartă azi.
Î
ncercaţi vineri.
Şi care sunt ofertele ieftine pentru saptămâna
viitoare la Buşteni?
Î
mi pare rău. Nu avem nimic nou acolo. Nicăieri
nu e liber. Cred că hotelul Caraiman are camere
libere începând de duminică. Puteţi să reveniţi
joi?
De ce?
Atunci pot să fac rezervările.
Bine, pe joi. Mulţumesc, la revedere.
Do you ha ve a map of (Iit. with) Romania,
please?
Unfortunately we haven't got a single map le.
Try on Friday.
And what cheap offe rs have you got in Buşteni
fo r next week?
I'm sorry. We 've got nothing new there. There
isn't a room available anywhere (Iit nowhere is
there nothing fr ee). 1 think that the hotel
Caraiman has some fr ee rooms from Sunday.
Can you come back on Thursday?
Why?
Then 1 can make the reservations.
O K, till Th ursday. Thank you. Goodbye.
meră, camere f room
dunică
Sunday
haă, hăi f
map
i
e
in, ieină,
cheap
ieini, ieftine
hotel, hoteluri n. hotel
a Încerca
to try
32
liber, liberă,
free
liberi, libere
ofertă, oferte f offer
rezervare,
reservation
rezervări f
Language points
More about 'the'
nicăieri
nimic
a reveni
vineri
nowhere
nothing
to re turn
Friday
The dialogues contained more examples of 'the' (denite article)
forms:
tot timpul
ofertele ieftine
săptămâna viitoare
funcţionarul
aU the time
the cheap offers
next week
the clerk
You will notice that 'the', unlike in English, has a different
ending according to whether the noun is singular or plural, mascu
line, feminine, or neuter. In describing the variety of ending, it is
simplest to arrange them according to these categories:
1 Masculine nouns
funcţionarul
muntele
leul
the clerk
the mountain
the lion
Tată 'father' has two forms:
tatăl
tata
the father
Dad, Daddy
2 Feminine nouns
funcţionarii
munţii
leii
the clerks
the mountains
the lions
These are more common than masculine ones and there are many
more types:
casa
oferta
săptămâna
cartea
the house
the offer
the week
the book
casele
ofertele
the houses
the offers
săptămânile the weeks
cărţile
the books
-
rezervarea
the reservation
rezervările
the reservations
agenţia
the agency
agenţiile
the agencies
cafeaua
the (cup of)
cafelele
the cups of
coffee
coffee
3
Neuter nouns
timpul
the time
timpurile
the times
biroul
the ofce,
birourile
the oces,
the desk
the desks
paharul
the glass
paharele
the glasses
fotoliul
the armchair
fotoliile
the armchairs
vagonul
the carriage,
vagoanele
the carriages,
truck
the trucks
Agreement of adjectives
You will have noticed by now that there is a wide variety of adjec
tives in Romanian and that they all agree in gender and number
with the nouns that they describe. In the dialogues in this unit we
met:
Ce surpriză plăcută!
ofertele ieine
săptămâna viitoare
What a pleasant surprise!
the cheap offers
next week
Remember that the adjective usually follows the noun, and that
when the denite article form of the noun is used, the 'the' element
is attached to the noun:
ofertele ieine
the cheap oers
(lit. the oers cheap)
There are several types of adjective in Romanian and the best
way to illustrate them is to group them according to the pattern
of agreement they share:
masculine
un student bun
studentul bun
studenţi buni
studenţii buni
feminine
o studentă bună
studenta bună
a good student (male)
the good student
good students
the good students
a
good student (female)
the good student
33
34
neuter
studente bune
studentele bune
un concediu bun
concediul bun
concedii bune
concediile bune
good students
the good students
a good holiday
the good holiday
good holidays
the good holidays
Bun represents the most common type of adjective. Compare
its range of forms with mare 'large', 'great':
masculine un munte mare a large/high mountain
munţi mari
high mountains
feminine o surpriză mare a great surprise
surprize mari
big surprises
ne uter
un pahar mare
a large glass
pahare mari
large glasses
Mic 'small' has three forms:
masculine
un munte mic
a small mountain
munţi mici
small mountains
feminine
o surpriză mică
a little surprise
surprize mici
little surprises
neuter
un pahar mic
a little glass
pahare mici
little glasses
Similarly, adjectives denoting nationality and ending in -esc,
have three forms:
masculine
feminine
neuter
un cârnaţ românesc
cârnaţi româneşti
o masă românească
mese româneşti
un paşaport românesc
paşapoarte româneşti
a Romanian sausage
Romanian sausages
a Romanian meal
Romanian meals
a Romanian passport
Romanian passports