Paterson J. A Dictionary of Colour - A Lexicon of the Language of Colour (анг. яз.)
Подождите немного. Документ загружается.
283ZYXWVUTSRQPO
n Ostwald Circle
A colour circle in which colours are arranged as complementary colours thus
allowing colour assessment and the determination of which colours can be used
in harmony. The Ostwald circle shows either 8 standard colours or the full set
of 24 colours. See colour wheel.
c otter
A yellowish greyish brown.
c otter brown
See perique.
a overcast
As regards the weather, cloudy, gloomy.
n overlaid colour
The technique of building up layers of watercolour so as to create the impression
of depth.
vb overpaint; to
As regards painting, to cover one colour with another.
c oxblood
A dark red.
c Oxford blue
A dark blue.
c Oxford chrome
Yellow ochre.
c Oxford grey
A dark grey.
c Oxford ochre
An orangey-yellow.
c oxheart
A deep red.
284 A DICTIONARY OF COLOUR
n oxide of chromium
See chromium oxide.
n oxyhaemoglobin
A bright red pigment. The pigment which brings the bright pink colour (with
livid blotches) to the complexion of someone being poisoned by cyanide!
c oyster
A greyish white. According to Fowler’s English Usage, first used as a colour
description in 1922.
c oyster grey
A brownish shade of grey.
c oyster white
A light grey or greyish white.
285ZYXWVUTSRQPO
adjective a
adverb adv
a colour c
noun n
prefix pr
suffix su
verb vb
P
n paint
A fluid suspension applied thinly to the surface of objects for the purpose of decora-
tion, protection or preservation. Paint usually consists of pigment in tiny particles
mixed in a medium which binds the pigment and causes it to adhere to the surface.
References to different kinds of paint may indicate the kind of pigment or the
medium so that ‘lead paint’ refers to paint with a lead compound whereas ‘oil
paint’ refers to the medium. Paint was possibly first used as long as 30,000 years
ago by primitive man (but possibly much earlier; see pigment). Paint now
comprises three main substances – resin known as the binder, solvent to dissolve
the binder and to give the paint its required consistency and pigment which imparts
the colour. Paint, seemingly a functional unglamorous product, has nonetheless
not escaped the trend towards goods being marketed as designer goods. Ralph
Lauren has produced at least 200 colours (including 32 types of white paint) each
with its designer name. Specialist decorative paint finishes abound. They
include sponging, rag-rolling, brushed colour-washes, stippling (see stippled),
faux marbling, wood graining, metal leaf finishes and sparkle paints.
vb paint; to
To apply colour to an object or surface.
n painting
The process or act of applying paint to a surface; the result of such process.
286 A DICTIONARY OF COLOUR
ZYXWVUTSRQP ONMLKJIHGFEDCBA
287ZYXWVUTSRQP
a Paisley
The distinctive pattern originating from clothes made in Paisley, Scotland.
a pale
Dim, lacking brightness; as regards colours, whitish, lacking an intensity.
n paleface
A white person so called by the North American Indians in Westerns.
c PaleGoldenrod
One of the 140 colours in the X11 Color Set. It has hex code #EEE8AA.
c PaleGreen
One of the colours in the X11 Color Set. It has hex code #98FB98.
n palette
A hand-held platform used to carry and to mix an artist’s colours which are usually
arranged in a particular order. John Gage in his Colour and Culture devotes a
whole chapter to the palette and refers to Eugène Delacroix (1799-1863) who used
a fresh specially prepared palette for each new painting. In oil painting some artists
like to use a palette having the same colour as their canvas or ground so as to
enable them to see the precise hue of the paint.
c PaleTurquoise
One of the colours in the X11 Color Set. It has hex code #AFEEEE.
c PaleVioletRed
Another of the colours in the X11 Color Set. It has hex code #DB7093.
c palew
Light yellow.
pr pallid- (L)
Pale; a pale yellow.
a pallid
Lacking colour; having only a faint colour; wan; indicating a pale shade as in ‘pallid-
grey’.
288 A DICTIONARY OF COLOUR
n pallidity
Paleness.
a pallidiventrate
Having a pale belly!
n pallor
Unnatural paleness, particularly of the complexion.
n palm oil
Used as a food colouring.
n palmellin
A red dye found in a type of algae.
n pan colours
Watercolour paint extruded and cut into into shapes suitable to put into paint-
boxes.
a panchromatic
Especially as regards film and photographic paints, sensitive to every visible colour.
c pandius
A medieval term which probably embraced a variety of colours including red,
blue and yellow.
a paned
Created by joining different coloured strips of cloth together.
c Pannetier green
An emerald green created by M. Pannetier. See viridian.
c pansy
A deep violet or purple.
289ZYXWVUTSRQP
c Pantone 109
One of the thousands of Pantone colours (see Pantone Red). This distinctive yellow
shade has been registered as a trade mark by the Automobile Association for
use on its livery. By registering a colour as a trade mark a business can stop others
from using that colour in conjunction with a similar business. Other examples
of trade mark registrations in the UK include the orange registered by Dyno-
Rod and the yellow and green registered by BP. Colour names can also be
registered as trade marks. An action for passing off can also be used to protect
a business’s use of a distinctive colour but this is difficult to substantiate. In 1990
The Financial Times, which has been printed on distinctive salmon-pink coloured
newsprint since January 1893, failed in its attempt to stop The Evening Standard
from publishing its centre business pages in a similar shade. A colour or a combi-
nation of colours can constitute a Community Trade mark to the extent that it
distinguishes the goods or services of a business from those of another.
c Pantone Red
According to The Times of 22.4.98 the British Tomato Growers Association has
adopted Pantone red as its trade logo though a small proportion of British tomatoes
reach this dark rich red hue. Pantone colours have been developed and marketed
by Pantone, Inc a leading provider of technology and systems for the communication
of colour and colours. The Pantone Textile Colour Guide provides a comprehensive
classification of 1,701 colours for the textile industry.
c pæonin
A red colour.
c PapayaWhip
One of the colours in the X11 Color Set. It has hex code #FFEFD5.
c paprika
The reddish-orange colour of the spice paprika; a shade of brown.
c para-red
A deep red.
a parachroous
Having a false colour or deprived of colour.
adjective a
adverb adv
a colour c
noun n
prefix pr
suffix su
verb vb
290 A DICTIONARY OF COLOUR
n pararosaniline
An alcohol base used in producing some red dyes. See rosaniline.
c parchment
The colour of parchment.
c Paris black
Ivory black.
c Paris blue
A bright blue pigment (sometimes dark blue or violet). See Milori blue.
c Paris green
A bright yellowy-green; a light green pigment. See emerald green.
c Paris red
A red colour.
c Paris white
A high grade of whiting. Also called ‘Spanish white’.
c parma
A shade of purple.
c parma red
A deep red.
c parma violet
A deep shade of purple.
c parrot green
The vivid yellowish green of the plumage of the parakeet.
c parsley green
An olive green.
a parsnip-coloured
Having the colour of the vegetable, parsnip.
291ZYXWVUTSRQP
c Parson grey
A dark grey.
a parti-bendy
In heraldry, indicating a division of a shield into two colours.
a parti-coloured
Coloured in part in one colour and in the other part by another colour; ‘parti-coloured
lambs’ Shakespeare’s Merchant of Venice Act 1 Scene 2. See multi-coloured.
n paste colours
A term used to describe common pigments such as burnt umber and ochre when
they are in the form of a paste.
a pastel
Indicating a pale shade or a tint of a particular colour as in ‘pastel pink’. The
Evening Standard (21.1.99) – ‘in every hue from pastel-soft to techno-intense’.
n pastel colours
Colours such as pastel blue and pastel pink to which grey has sometimes been
added.
n pastel painting
The technique of painting with sticks or pastels made from ground dry pigment
mixed with clay or chalk and bound with gum or (in the case of oil pastels) with
animal fat and wax. Pastels are also available for use in conjunction with water.
This medium consists of producing tints and shades of colours which are intended
to be mixed on the surface or ground rather than on the palette.
n pastels
Finely ground pigment made into coloured sticks or pencils. See pastel painting.
Soft colours.
a pastose
Heavy with paint as with impasto.
a pasty
Having a pale complexion.
292 A DICTIONARY OF COLOUR
n patch
A small area on a surface having a colour which is different from the immediate
surrounding area.
n patchwork
A hand-stitched work consisting of geometric blocks of differently coloured
materials put together to make a quilt or work of art; any pattern consisting of
a collection of disparate parts together forming a whole.
c patent blue
A deep greenish blue.
n patent blue V
A deep greenish blue or bluish-violet food colouring additive (E131); also used
for diagnostic purposes.
c patent yellow
A yellow pigment made from lead oxychloride patented in 1781 by James Turner
and also called Turner’s patent yellow or simply Turner’s yellow. A by-product
of the soda industry.
n patina
A film or incrustation produced by oxidation on the surface of old bronze, usually
of a green colour. Hence extended to a similar alteration of the surface of marble,
flint, or other substances or objects esteemed as ornaments.
vb patinate; to
To cover with a patina.
n pattern
A design of repeated motifs the decorative value of which is improved by the
use of appropriate colours.
c pavonazzo
Peacock-coloured; greenish blue.
a pavonine
Iridescent; pertaining to the peacock in colour or other characteristics; greenish
blue.