Paterson J. A Dictionary of Colour - A Lexicon of the Language of Colour (анг. яз.)
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adjective a
adverb adv
a colour c
noun n
prefix pr
suffix su
verb vb
n fusteric
The colouring matter found in fustet.
n fustet
A yellow dye from the tree of the same name.
n fustic
Yellow dye from the wood of the South American fustic tree.
G
a gaily-coloured
Brightly coloured.
c Gainsboro
A light grey colour – one of the 140 colours in the X11 Color Set. It has hex code
#DCDCDC.
pr galb- (L)
Yellow.
n galena
A common lead ore once used for cosmetic purposes such as darkening the
eyelashes.
n gallamine blue
A blue dye.
n gallocyanine
A bluish violet dye.
174 A DICTIONARY OF COLOUR
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c gamboge/camboge
A strong yellow; reddish yellow. A yellow resin pigment originating from
Cambodia and used in England from the beginning of the 17th century. Replaced
in 1851 by aureolin.
a gambogious
An adjective invented by Ivor Brown in ‘Words on the Level’, Bodley Head, 1973,
in celebration of the flamboyance of the word gamboge.
a garish
Lurid or excessively bright or showy.
c garnet
The deep red or maroon colour of the precious stone of the same name. Also
reddish brown. Hence ‘garnet red’ and ‘garnet-coloured’.
c garter-blue
The blue colour of the ribbon of the Knights of the Garter. A dark blue shade
though previously light blue.
n gas black
A black pigment.
n gaslight
A lamp (or the light from it) using gas to provide illumination.
a gaudy
Brightly coloured to the point of vulgarity.
c gaugoli
See Indian yellow.
n gegenschein
The pale glow in the sky opposite to the sun also called ‘counterglow’.
c gentian
The reddish-blue of the a plant from the genus gentiana.
176 A DICTIONARY OF COLOUR
n gentian violet
A violet dye derived from coal-tar and used also as an antiseptic.
c geranium
The vivid red of the geranium flower a colour popular in the 1950’s.
c geranium pink
A deep pink.
c German blue
A blue pigment made from azurite.
n gesso
A loose paste made from gypsum and chalk – used to prime canvases and other
supports in order to make the surface smoother. Now refers to any white material
used to create a ground. Used also for sculpting.
c GhostWhite
One of the 140 colours in the X11 Color Set. It has hex code #F8F8FF.
c giallorino, giallolino, gialolino
According to Samuel Johnson this was a bright gold earth found in Naples –
perhaps derived from a volcanic lead antimonate produced by Mount Vesuvius
and called Naples yellow. However, there is much uncertainty as to the precise
meaning of the word which may merely have been a generic term for a yellow
pigment – giallo – meaning yellow in Italian. The pigment may have been known
to the early Egyptians and may be the same bright yellow as massicot. It may
also be the word from which gingerline derives.
n gilding
The process of applying thin sheets of gold to a surface usually as decoration.
a gilt-edged
Having edges which are gilded; of the highest quality. By extension, used to refer
to safe financial investments.
pr gilv- (L)
Pale yellow.
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c ginger
Red or reddish-brown; often of hair in humans and animals especially cats.
c gingerline, gingeline, gingelline, gingeoline, gingioline
The colour ginger; a deep brown. Perhaps a corruption of giallorino.
n ginger-nut
Colloquial term for a redhead. ‘Carrot-top’ is another disparaging term. See
dissembling colour and redhead.
n gingham
A pattern of coloured checks or stripes usually applied to cottons or other fabrics
and possibly deriving its name from Guingamp in Brittany, France where it was
made. Gingham was used as a covering for umbrellas instead of silk and umbrellas
so produced were referred to as ‘Ginghams’.
a glandaceous
Having the colour of the acorn.
a glaring
Extremely bright or dazzling.
vb glash; to
To occur as a flash of light.
pr glauc-, glauco- (L)
Grey, silvery, bluish-grey but in Roman times possibly yellow.
a glaucous
A light greenish blue, sea-green; a dull greenish blue usually descriptive of the
sea; sea-green. Covered with a bloom in the same way as a plum.
n glaze
A layer of transparent paint used as part of the process of
glazing which can create an effective translucent depth in
colour in oil painting.
adjective a
adverb adv
a colour c
noun n
prefix pr
suffix su
verb vb
178 A DICTIONARY OF COLOUR
n glazing
In painting, the ancient technique of covering a layer of colour with one or more
transparent layers to create a new tone; in pottery, a coating made of powdered
glass and chemicals used as part of the process of manufacture to protect and
give a smooth glossy finish to pottery and to produce a colourful finish.
a gleaming
Glowing with light.
a gleamy
Emitting gleams of light (obs.).
a glenting
Shining.
a glimmering
As regards a light or candle, flickering or shining faintly.
a glinting
Gleaming; shining brightly.
a glistening
Reflecting light; gleaming. This and the next two entries have similar meanings
each used in the phrase ‘all that g…… is not gold’. See Phrases.
a glistering
Sparkling.
a glittering
Sparkling; reflecting light in flashes. It is not mere coincidence that this and the
previous 7 entries all begin with ‘gl’ and have very similar meanings. They all
derive from the Indo-European root gel or ghel meaning bright, smooth or shiny.
See yellow.
n glitz
An extravagant display of sparkle and colour often in poor taste. Hence, ‘glitzy’.
n gloaming
Twilight.
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n gloom
Darkness – either partial or complete.
a gloomy
Dismal or dark.
n gloss
A sheen or lustre.
a glossy
Having a shiny appearance like gloss paint; also used as an adjective as in ‘gloss
white’.
n glow
The light emanating from something that has been heated; warm colours;
reddening especially of the cheeks or complexion.
a glowing
As regards colour, rich, warm; radiating a steady light.
n glow-worm
A beetle which emits a greenish light from luminous organs in its abdomen.
c gobelin blue
A greyish blue.
c gold
A deep yellow colour; the colour of the precious metal; the colour of the bulls
eye, the centre of the British five zone target in archery; in Renaissance times
the background colour used by artists to represent heaven; associated in medieval
times with the Zodiac sign Leo and with the sun.
c Gold
One of the 140 colours in the X11 Color Set. It has hex code #FFD700.
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n gold
Used since ancient times as a pigment especially in painting (often indicating in
Renaissance art some supernatural element), the decoration of picture frames and
illuminated manuscripts. Also used in thin sheets – see gold foil and gold leaf.
The name given to one of the E food additives (E175) giving a metallic surface
colour. One of the five code-names given to the D-Day Overlord Normandy landings.
The ‘Gold’ landing on 6 June 1944 was carried out by the British 50th Division
and the 8th Armoured Brigade. One of the deception plans was referred to as
‘Glimmer’. The other landings were named ‘Utah’, ‘Omaha’, ‘Juno’ and ‘Sword’.
a golden
Having the colour of gold; shining as gold.
n golden age, the
A period idyllised as being pre-eminent as regards peace or prosperity or literary
or other cultural achievement; any era where a particular skill is regarded as having
been at its zenith. Applied, in particular, to the classical age of Latin literature.
n golden boy, girl, child
Idiomatic reference to a person who has achieved some pre-eminence or success
or popularity in a sphere of endeavour – for example in sport. Also ‘golden wonder’.
c golden brown
A rich yellowy-brown.
n golden bullet
A business term for a very successful product.
n golden calf
The idol made from gold worshiped by the Israelites while Moses received the
Ten Commandments (Exodus) and by analogy any idea or concept to which undue
deference is given.
n golden child
Said of a child pop star.
n golden fleece
A difficult goal to achieve in reference to the fleece won, according to Greek
mythology, by Jason against fearsome odds and a vigilant dragon.
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n golden goal
The first goal scored in extra time in some sports, particularly soccer tournaments,
bringing the match to an instant end and giving victory to the team scoring that
goal.
n golden goodbye
A substantial payment made by an employer to an employee on the occasion of
his retirement.
n golden-haired
Having yellow or gold coloured hair.
n golden handcuffs
A payment or other benefit promised by an employer to an employee as an
inducement to his remaining in employment for a defined period.
n golden handshake
A payment made to an employee by way of compensation for loss of office or
on retirement. What size does the payment have to be in order to be described
as ‘golden’? Perhaps £30,000 – being the threshold over which payments for loss
of office cease to be exempt from Schedule E income tax. A more substantial golden
handshake is sometimes referred to as a ‘platinum handshake’.
n golden hello
A payment or other benefit made by an employer to a person in consideration
of his becoming an employee.
n golden jubilee
The 50th anniversary of some particular occasion. Hence a ‘golden wedding
anniversary’. See silver jubilee.
n golden mean
The mid-way position between two extremes.
n golden number
A number system for determining the moon’s cycles and hence
new moons and full moons – referred to as the Metonic cycle.
adjective a
adverb adv
a colour c
noun n
prefix pr
suffix su
verb vb
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n golden opportunity
A propitious time to tackle a particular task.
n golden parachute
A payment (usually substantial) promised to a senior executive of a company in
the event that it is taken over. Normally payable if the executive is dismissed or
is demoted as a result.
n golden ratio
The ratio of 1 to 1.61803 the latter figure being the result of dividing [(the square
root of 5)] +1) by 2. Used in geometry, architecture and design. Sometimes referred
to as the ‘golden section’ or the ‘Divine Proportion’.
n golden rice
Rice which, by the addition of beta-carotene to the seed in order to provide a
source of vitamin A, takes on a yellow or orange colour.
c Goldenrod
A vivid yellow colour from the plant of the same name; a mustardy colour – one
of the 140 colours in the X11 Color Set. It has hex code #DAA520.
n golden rule, the
Any important rule or principle.
n golden share
A share in a company giving the holder voting control or a veto over specific
transactions. Used particularly as regards shares held by the British Government
in order to prevent takeovers. Golden shares have come under attack from the
EU.
n Golden State, the
The motto of the State of California. Kentucky is ‘the Bluegrass State’, Nevada
‘the Silver State’, Vermont ‘the Green Mountain State’ and Washington ‘the
Evergreen State’.
n golden wedding
The 50th anniversary of a wedding.