Paterson J. A Dictionary of Colour - A Lexicon of the Language of Colour (анг. яз.)
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n flashing lights
‘The lights are flashing red in terms of the survival of the tiger’ Michael Meacher
The Times 21.1.99.
n flashlight
A lamp used for signalling or providing a warning; an electric torch.
a flashy
Gaudy, garish, showy, loud or flamboyant.
a flat
‘flat’ in relation to paint means lacking in gloss, not shiny. Colour printed on coated
paper with a smooth or glossy surface will provide maximum colour density
whereas printed onto a matt surface the colour will look flatter due to the refraction
of light. A colour with a ‘flat tone’ is one in which there is little graduation of
hue, brightness or saturation.
n flat-tone
See flat.
pr flav-, flavi- (L)
Prefix indicating yellow.
n flavaniline
A yellow dye.
a flavescent
Turning or becoming yellow; yellowish.
a flavicomous
Having a head of yellow hair.
a flavid
Yellow.
n flavin
A class of pale yellow biochromes.
164 A DICTIONARY OF COLOUR
n flavin, flavine
Yellow dye from quercitron bark.
n flavones
A group of yellow pigments found in plants.
n flavonol
Mainly yellow pigment from waste products.
a flavous, flavus
Yellow; a golden yellow. The Latin word flavus is the root of the word blue.
c flax
Of the colour of flax, a yellowish beige.
a flaxen
Golden – particularly in relation to hair.
n fleck
A speck of colour.
a flecked
Marked with small streaks, flecks or spots or similar markings; speckled. Used
in conjunction with colours such as ‘gold-flecked’.
a fleckered
Having flecks, streaks or other markings.
a fleeten
Having the colour of skimmed milk.
n flemingin
A yellow dye used on silks.
c Flemish blue
A rich or dark grey-blue.
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c flesh
A moderate pink. Also ‘flesh pink’.
a flesh-coloured
A moderate pink colour; a description given in the 1920’s to pink silk stockings.
Hence ‘flesh-colour’ and ‘flesh-toned’. Also ‘flesh-tint’.
c flesh-red
A red colour frequently used to describe minerals and crystals.
a flesh-toned
Bearing the pinkish shades redolent of the human complexion.
vb flicker; to
As regards light (particularly a flame), to shine unsteadily or waveringly. Hence,
‘flickering’.
a flinty
Resembling flint in colour etc.
n floodlight
A strong lamp used to illuminate a large area. Hence ‘floodlit’.
n flop colour
The aspect of the colour of paint (in particular, metallic paint) when looked at
from an angle close to the horizontal in contrast to face colour.
c Floral White
One of the 140 colours in the X11 Color Set. It has hex code #FFFAF0.
c Florence brown
A greyish shade of red.
c Florentine brown
A copper colour also called Hatchett’s Brown and Roman
Brown.
adjective a
adverb adv
a colour c
noun n
prefix pr
suffix su
verb vb
166 A DICTIONARY OF COLOUR
a florid
Resplendently bright, flushed with red, flowery: as regards the complexion,
reddened or ruddy.
c flower de luce green
A moderate green.
n fluctuating colours
Colours which tend to fade in the light but which can retrieve their colour in the
dark, for example, Prussian blue.
n fluorescein(e)
An orange fluorescent dye made from coal-tar marketed since 1874 and used as
a tracer in water. A stain used in testing eyes.
n fluorescence
The luminosity produced by the emission of radiation or light from certain
substances hence ‘fluorescent’ and ‘flourescent lamps’. See luminescence and
phosphorescence.
vb flush; to
To blush or change one’s facial complexion when becoming embarrassed, stressed
or angry.
n flush
A reddish or rosy hue particularly of the complexion.
su flushed
Having a tinge of colour as in ‘red-flushed’.
n folding green
Slang for US bank notes. Also greenback.
c fondant pink
A pastel red.
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n food colouring
Liquid or dry mix ingredients used as colouring for a wide variety of foods including
ready-made meals, convenience foods, soups, sauces, seasoning, beverages, cakes,
desserts and dough. One US company, D.D. Williamson, produces 62 different
types of caramel colouring for convenience foods. See also E-number colours.
n footlights
Theatre lighting set out in a row across the front of the stage and pointed towards
the actors.
c forest-green
An olive green slightly darker than Lincoln green; sometimes a yellowish green
or a dark muted green.
c ForestGreen
One of the colours in the X11 Color Set. It has hex code #228B22.
c forget-me-not blue
The pale blue colour of the forget-me-not flower – a symbol of constancy.
n four colour theorem, the
The mathematical proof that on a map of any number of different territories,
however their boundaries may be configured, no more than four different colours
are required to ensure that no two contiguous territories need have the same colour.
n four colour theory
The notion advanced by Pliny that the painters of ancient Greece deliberately
restricted themselves to a palette consisting of only four colours – red, black, white
and yellow. However, since there has been much linguistic confusion between
yellow and blue (the old French word bloi meant both colours – and see flavus)
the four colours may have included blue rather than yellow. Some experts argue
that the four colours were red, yellow, blue and green.
n four-colour reproduction
Printing employing four coloured inks – cyan, magenta, yellow and black. See
CMYK.
n fovea
Part of the mechanism of the eye at the centre of the retina and containing cones
which respond to colour.
168 A DICTIONARY OF COLOUR
c fox
A reddish or yellowish brown; a colour in Winifred Nicholson’s 1944 ‘Chart of
Colours’.
n foxing
The discolouration of books and paper caused by damp often turning them a
yellowish brown; hence ‘foxed’.
c foxy
The reddish-brown colour of the fox.
a foxy
Excessive use in painting of red tints; over-hot in colouring.
c fraise
Strawberry in colour.
c framboise
The red of the raspberry.
c Frankfort black
A black pigment used in copper-plate engraving; also called ‘blue black’.
a freckled
Having small brown spots discolouring the skin; variegated.
n freckles
A localised discolouration of the skin involving small brown or red spots on the
skin; also called lentigo. See melanin.
a freestone-coloured
An orangey-yellow; having the colour of limestone or sandstone; Shakespeare’s
As You Like It Act 4 Scene 3.
a French
Used to describe colours originating or made in France.
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c French beige
A light brown.
c French berry
An orangey-yellow.
c French blue
A greeny-blue; sometimes a purplish blue.
c French green
A yellowy green.
c French grey
A bluish grey.
c French navy
A shade of navy.
c French ochre
An orangey-yellow.
c French pink
A pale yellow. See English pink.
c French purple
A purple dye, very popular in the 1850’s, made from lichens and instrumental
in giving rise to the word ‘mauve’ which moved from describing the dye to
designating the colour of the dye. See mauve.
c French ultramarine
See ultramarine.
c French yellow
A yellowish or orangey-brown.
c fresco
An orange red.
adjective a
adverb adv
a colour c
noun n
prefix pr
suffix su
verb vb
170 A DICTIONARY OF COLOUR
a fresh
As regards colour, unfaded.
n frit
A vitreous composition used as a glaze or colouring in the production of porcelain
and other ceramics. Although porcelain was produced in China as early as the
7th century BC the secret process did not become known in Europe until 1709.
a frog-coloured
Used by Samuel Coleridge in his Biographia Literaria.
a frosted
Glittering, particularly as regards animals having silver scales or hair; as regards
glass, coated with a rough whitish surface so as to make it opaque. As regards
colours, pearlised.
a fucate
Having artificial colour (obs.).
c fuchsia
Purplish red as in the fuchsia flower named after the German biologist Leonard
Fuchs (1501-1566). According to a MORI poll referred to on BBC2 television on
23.9.98 fuchsia (with white and grey) are the most unpopular colours in the UK.
c Fuchsia
One of the 140 colours in the X11 Color Set. It has hex code # FF00FF.
c fuchsia pink
A purplish pink colour.
n fuchsine
A deep bluish aniline red dye discovered in France by François-Emmanuel Verguin
in 1859. Also known as aniline red. Aniline red was manufactured in London
as roseine and later magenta.
n fucoxanthin
A pigment giving algae its brown colour.
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n fucus
A cosmetic or colouring of the face used by the Greeks and the Romans and
also called litmus; any colouring matter or dye.
a fugitive
As regards paint, a low degree of permanence of colour.
n fugitive colours
Those colours or inks which tend to fade or change when exposed to light.
a fulgent
Shining, dazzling.
a fulgid
Glittering or flashing.
vb fulgurate; to
To flash as in or like lightning.
pr fuligin- (L)
Sooty.
a fuliginous
Soot-coloured; dusky or sooty.
a full
As regards colour, intense or deep.
n full colour
Pure rich colour in contrast to grey colour; also indicating as regards an image
that it is represented in its entirety in colour rather than partly in colour as in
‘full-colour photograph’.
n Fuller’s Earth
Used for whitening.
a full-toned
A colour with an intense hue.
172 A DICTIONARY OF COLOUR
n fulsion
The condition of shining forth.
pr fulv- (L)
Tawny.
a fulvid
Reddish yellow, tawny, yellowish-grey or yellowish-brown.
a fulvous
A variant of fulvid; a reddish-yellow.
n functional colour
See incidental colour.
n fundamental colours
See primary colours.
a funky
As regards colours – fashionable, exuberant or unconventional.
pr fusc-, fusco- (L)
Brown, tawny, dark.
a fuscescent
Having a dark brownish colour.
a fusco-ferruginous
Having the colour of rust.
a fusco-piceous
Reddish black.
a fusco-testaceous
A reddish brown.
a fuscous
Brown, dingy, dark, sombre; also a brownish-grey.