Paterson J. A Dictionary of Colour - A Lexicon of the Language of Colour (анг. яз.)
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c Dresden blue
See cobalt blue.
n drip painting
The style of painting in which the paint is dripped onto the canvas.
n drop
A painted theatre curtain or scenery.
n drop black
A high quality bone black made from calcinated animal bones used as an intense
black pigment.
n dry colours
Pigments which have been prepared in powder form and require the admixture
of water until they form a paste.
c duck-egg blue
A light turquoise blue.
c duck green
An imprecise pale green referring to the eggs of the duck and not to the duck
itself. Hence often called ‘duck’s egg green’.
a dull
As regards colours, dim or indistinct; lacking in brightness or vividness. Synonyms
include: obscure, flat, drab, lacklustre, faded, fading, faint, muted, sombre,
subdued, softened, washed-out, dulled, muffled, insipid, dreary, unclear, toned-
down, subfusc, murky, blurred, gloomy, colourless.
c dun
Greyish-brown, dingy, dusky, dull; as in the mouse.’A colour partaking of brown
and black’ – Samuel Johnson.
n duograph
A picture in two colours.
144 A DICTIONARY OF COLOUR
c dusk
According to Fielding’s Dictionary of Colour 1854 ‘perfect dusk is that colour to
which if yellow is added it becomes yellowish, if red is added it becomed reddish
and if blue is added it becomes bluish’.
a dusk
Dark-coloured; dark; dim, blackish; usually in reference to twilight. Darkish as
in dusk yellow or duskish yellow.
n dusk
Twilight or that period just before darkness. Also refers to that point of time in
the morning when darkness is lifting.
a duskish
Blackish; somewhat dusk.
a dusky
Dark.
a dust-coloured
Having the pale brown colour of dust.
a dusty
Describes a colour which appears to have a coating of dust.
c Dutch blue
A blue-grey.
c Dutch pink
A brilliant YELLOW. See English pink.
vb dye; to
To change the colour of something permanently; to stain or give colour to
something.
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n dye
An intensely coloured substance in the form of a liquid solvent now mainly synthetic
but formerly derived from natural sources. Used to colour textiles, fibres, plastics,
metals, wood, basketware, carpets, furnishings, ceramics, inks, cosmetics, food,
paper, leather and the human body. Also used in paint, medicine and photography.
Dyes come in many varieties including acid dyes, disperse dyes, solvent dyes,
reactive dyes, azoic diazo dyes, vat dyes and basic dyes. Derived from Old English
and spelt as such to differentiate from the word ‘die’.
a dyeable,
Something which can be dyed. Hence ‘dyeability’.
n dyebath
A vat used to hold dyestuff.
n dyer’s rocket
The plant Reseda luteola used to produce weld. It derives its name from the fact
that the plant grows very quickly and to a great height – about 6 feet.
n dyestuff
A dye or a substance from a dye can be produced.
a dysphotic
Lacking in light as, for example, in the ocean depths.
adjective a
adverb adv
a colour c
noun n
prefix pr
suffix su
verb vb
E
n E-number colours
Those colours and colourants (both natural and synthetic) tested and approved
by the European Community as food additives and numbered E100 to E180.
Though approved, there is concern that some of the additives cause allergic
reactions. Higher E-Numbers are allotted to other additives such as preservatives
(E200-E297); emulsifiers and stabilisers (E322-E495); flavour enhancers (E620-
E640); and sweeteners ((E950-E957).
a earth-coloured
Having one of the earth colours.
n earth colours
The colours found in nature. Natural earth displays itself in a vast array of different
colours dependent on the chemicals or minerals present. For example, carbon
or magnetite will produce a black earth, cobalt, magnesium or zinc has a blue
effect; iron silicate or ferrous oxide has a green effect; iron oxide or lithium a
red effect; feldspar, kaolin and quartz produce a whitish earth and limonite and
ferric oxide produce a yellow effect; the whole range of oranges, ochres, russets,
umbers and browns.
n earth pigments
A pigment obtained from native earth such as the ochres, siennas and umbers.
146 A DICTIONARY OF COLOUR
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c eau de nil
Light green; literally ‘water of the Nile’ and hence also called Nile Green.
c ebony, ebon
Black coloured from the wood of the same name; ‘ebon-coloured ink’ Shakespeare’s
Loves Labours Lost Act 1 Scene 1.
a eburnean
Having the colour of or resembling ivory.
n eclipse
The blocking out of light from something, particularly of the sun or the moon
by the interposition of the earth.
vb eclipse; to
To obscure or cast a shadow over something.
c écru
The beige colour of unbleached linen; see also beige and grège. ‘The colour of
piecrust’ (clue 22 down The Times Crossword Puzzle 5.12.00).
n efflorescence
Redness of the skin.
a effulgent
Emitting bright light, shining brightly.
n egg tempera
Paint made particularly in the 14th and 15th centuries by mixing the white of the
egg or the yolk (or both) with pigment, oil and water. It was the primary painting
medium until replaced by oil painting around 1500. See tempera.
c eggshell
A pale beige; the colour of the shell of a hen’s egg.
a eggshell
As regards paint, a surface or finish which is mid-way between gloss and matt,
giving a slight lustre.
148 A DICTIONARY OF COLOUR
c Egyptian blue
An ancient rich purplish blue or turquoise colour made by heating copper, lime
and quartz, also known as ‘Egyptian frit’. Perhaps the first synthetic pigment.
Sometimes called ‘Pompeian blue’.
n Egyptian frit
An early turquoise blue pigment. See frit.
c Egyptian red
A dark red.
a eidetic
Vivid.
c Eleanor blue
A blue made popular by Eleanor Roosevelt.
c electric blue
A brilliant light blue.
n electro crystal therapy
A form of colour therapy involving the application of electromagnetic waves
to the body through coloured crystals.
n Electrodiagnostic Neurophysiological Automated Analysis
(‘ENAA’)
Equipment which records the impact of light on the eye and the brain and used
to detect eye diseases, MS, depression and other conditions.
n elementary colours
Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) the master of the Renaissance considered that the
six most important colours fell into a hierarchy and that each indicated one of
the elements as follows: 1. white – light 2. yellow -earth 3. green – water 4. blue
– air 5. red – fire 6. black – darkness. See also essential colours and primary colours.
c elephant
Light grey; sometimes a dark grey. Also ‘elephant grey’.
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c elephant’s breath
A light grey ‘art shade’; according to Maerz & Paul finding the authentic colour
of this famous colour is very difficult.
n eleutherin
A natural yellow pigment.
a elydoric
Describing a mode of painting produced both with oils and water colours.
vb embellish; to
To adorn or beautify something possibly by the use of colour.
vb emblaze; to
To light up; illuminate.
vb emblazon; to
To make something bright by adding colour to it.
a embossed
Having a raised pattern or surface.
vb embronze; to
To bronze.
vb embrown; to
To make something go brown. Compare empurple and embronze. These appear
to be the only three colours bearing the transitive em-prefix. But see also
encrimsom, engolden, envermeil and envermil.
a embrued
See imbrued.
adjective a
adverb adv
a colour c
noun n
prefix pr
suffix su
verb vb
150 A DICTIONARY OF COLOUR
c emerald green
A dark yellowish-green originally made from copper aceto-arsenate (ite) which
was also used as an insecticide. Used extensively by the artist Paolo Veronese
(1528-1588) to a point where the colour was called vert Paul Véronèse in France.
It was not commercially produced until 1822. Also called Schweinfurt(h) green
which in turn is referred to as Paris green, Vienna green, imperial green and
Brunswick green. Though toxic it was used in the manufacture of wallpaper
and was considered in the 1860’s to be the cause of a number of deaths resulting
from arsenic fumes.
n emeraldine
A green dye. See aldehyde green.
n Emerald Isle, the
Ireland – in recognition of its greenness.
c emeraude
The French for ‘emerald’ but according to Maerz & Paul not the same green as
emerald green.
c emily-coloured
An unknown colour at least to the author. Used in a poem by Edith Sitwell and
according to Willard R. Espy in ‘Thou Improper, Thou Uncommon Noun’ a
typographical error. But an error for what?
n éminence grise
The power behind the throne – originating from Cardinal Richelieu’s Secretary,
Père Joseph, who was so referred to because he appeared in the background as
a shadowy character.
c empire blue
A greenish-blue.
vb empurple; to
To make purple. See embrown.
n emulsion
A watery substance mixed with oil and an emulsifying agent to prevent the
combination separating and used as a medium in the preparation of paint.
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a encaustic
Having colours fused or burnt into the surface by means of heat and the use of
wax or resin. Encaustic painting was one of the most important painting techniques
in ancient times. Also refers to the process of decorating porcelain with enamel
colouring. See frit.
a enchased
Variegated by way of ornamentation with gold or silver.
vb encrimson; to
To make crimson.
vb endamask; to
To tinge with a lighter colour.
c English pink
Most curiously, English pink is the name of a brilliant yellow. But this curiosity
is not, as one might expect, a manifestation of English eccentricity for each of
French pink, Italian pink and Dutch pink, (as well as Bacon’s pink) are yellow
shades – so named because the process of manufacture resembles that used to
make lakes. There are also green pinks, brown pinks and rose pinks the last of
which was probably instrumental in shifting the meaning of the word ‘pink’ from
the process to the colour itself. Also sometimes a pink colour.
c English red
Red iron oxide also referred to as Indian Red, Pompeian Red, Venetian Red
and Persian red.
vb engolden; to
To make golden; (‘ensilver’ and ‘engreen’ also appear in the OED).
a engrailed
Decorated with a variety of colours.
c ensign
The dark blue of naval uniforms.
vb envermeil; to
To tinge with vermilion.
152 A DICTIONARY OF COLOUR
vb envermil; to
To make red.
n eosin, eosine
A red dye made from coal-tar used in the cosmetic industry, for dying silk and
as a biological stain. From the Greek eos, the dawn, in reference to the colour
of the sky when the new day dawns.
n epigamic colours
The colours displayed by animals during and as part of the process of courtship.
The male South Australian cuttlefish can take on the colouring of a female cuttlefish
to enable it to mate by stealth with a rival’s sexual partner. Once it pounces it
reveals the black and white stripes of the male. Researchers at Naples University
have found that when a telephone is positioned near to squid, the squid change
colour. 19th century naturalists believed that almost all animal colour patterns
developed for the purpose of camouflage. However, it is clear that many animals
(particularly fish) change their body colour for a variety of other purposes including
to locate members of the same species (see episematic), to frighten off the enemy
and courtship as referred to above. Slow colour change is often effected by means
of hormones whereas more rapid change is effected by the nervous system (as
in the case of human blushing). See also camouflage.
c epinard
The dark green colour of the vegetable, spinach – épinard being the French for
spinach. There are many other French words which take on a close resemblance
to the English equivalent word once the initial ‘é‘ is replaced by the letter ‘s’ –
for example, école, écriture, épellation, épice, éponge, état, étage and étranger.
a epipolic
Fluorescent (optics).
a episematic
Referring to the natural colouring of animals which helps them to locate members
of the same species (see aposematic).
a erne-coloured
Having the colour of an eagle. Also ‘eagle hued’.