Орлова Г.Д. и др. Английский для бакалавров. Часть II

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Mrs. Fat: I actually take eight eggs, but I share my breakfast with my toy-poodle

dog.

Dr. Jones: I see. Here is my prescription: Don’t change your diet. Change your

dog. Replace it with Labrador. Or keep both dogs and share all your

meals with them. And here is the telephone number of a vet, who is a

very good dog dietitian, just in case your dogs might need a

correction of their diet.

===================VOCABULARY NOTES==================

overweight, n лишний вес

cream, n сливки

skimmed milk снятое молоко, нежирное молоко

pie, n пирог

starter, n закуска

peanuts, n арахис

crisps, n хрустящий картофель

stuff, n дрянь, чепуха, ерунда

to nibble candies грызть конфеты (леденцы)

prescription, n предписание, рецепт

substantial, a плотный (о завтраке, обеде)

II. Answer the questions on the dialogue:

1. Why did Mrs. Fat come to the doctor?

2. What are Mrs. Fat’s eating habits?

3. What does she have for breakfast?

4. What does Mrs. Fat have for lunch?

5. What does she have for dinner?

6. What does she eat between meals?

7. Who does she have her breakfast with?

8. What were the doctor’s recommendations?

III. Make up a similar dialogue and stage it with your fellow students.

CONVERSATION

LONDON

=====================VOCABULARY====================

commercial, a торговый

belong (to), v принадлежать

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epoch, n эпоха

numerous, a многочисленный

ancient, a древний

striking, a поразительный, замечательный

church, n церковь

fortress, n крепость

royal, a королевский

palace, n дворец

prison, n тюрьма

crown, v короновать

statesman, n государственный деятель

bury, v хоронить

tower, n башня

wealth, n богатство

luxury, n роскошь

splendid, a великолепный

in memory of в память о

column, n колонна

contain, v содержать

priceless, a бесценный

manuscript, n рукопись

coin, n монета

workshop, n мастерская

narrow, a узкий

unimpressive, a невыразительный, невпечатляющий

densely, adv густо

populate, v населять

Names

the Bank of England – Английский банк

the Stock Exchange [ˈstɔk iksˊtʃeindʒ

]

– Лондонская фондовая биржа

the Old Bailey [ˏould ˊbeili] –

Центральный уголовный суд,

находящийся в Олд-Бейли

St. Paul’s Cathedral [s

ənt ‘pɔ:lz

kəˊƟi:drəl] – собор св.

Павла

(главный собор англиканской церкви)

Sir Christopher Wren [ˊsə: ˊkristəf

ˊren] – Кристофер Рен

the Tower [ˊtauə] of London –

Tennyson [ˊtenisn] – Теннисон

Kipling [ˊkipliŋ] – Киплинг

Westminster Palace [ˊwestminstər

ˊpælis] (the Houses of Parliament)

– Вестминстерский дворец (здание

английского парламента)

Big Ben – “Биг Бен”, “Большой Бен”

(колокол часов-курантов на здании

парламента, бой которых

передается ежедневно по радио как

сигнал точного времени)

Buckingham Palace [bʌkiŋəm

ˊpælis] – Букингемский дворец

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Лондонский Тауэр

Julius Caesar [ˊdʒu:liəs ˊsi:zə] –

Юлий Цезарь

William the Conqueror [ˊwilj

əm ðə

ˊkɔŋkərə] – Вильгельм Завоеватель

Вильгельм I (первый король из

норманнов в Англии)

Westminster Abbey [ˊwestminst

ər

ˊæbi] – Вестминстерское аббатство

Newton [ˊnju:tn] – Ньютон

Darwin [ˊda:win] – Дарвин

Chaucer [ˊtʃɔ:sə] – Чосер

Dickens [ˊdikinz] – Диккенс

(главная королевская резиденция в

Лондоне)

Trafalgar Square [trəˊfælgə

ˊskwɛə] – Трафальгарская

площадь

Nelson’s Column [ˊnelsnz ˊkɔləm] –

Колонна Нельсона (памятник

адмиралу Нельсону)

the National Gallery [ˊnæʃənl

ˊgæləri] – Национальная галерея

(крупнейшее в Великобритании

собрание картин)

the National Portrait [ˊpɔ:trit]

Gallery – Национальная портретная

галерея

the British Museum – Британский

музей (один из крупнейших в мире)

I. Read the text 'London’. Answer the questions after it.

LONDON

London is the capital of Great Britain, its political, economic and commercial

centre. It is one of the largest cities in the world and the largest city in Europe. Its

population is about 8 million.

London is one of the oldest and most interesting cities in the world.

Traditionally it is divided into several parts: the City, Westminster, the West

End and the East End. They are very different from each other and seem to belong to

different towns and epochs.

The heart of London is the City, its financial and business centre. Numerous

banks, offices and firms are situated there, including the Bank of England, the Stock

Exchange and the Old Bailey. Few people live here, but over a million people come

to the City to work. There are some famous ancient buildings within the City.

Perhaps the most striking of them is St. Paul's Cathedral, the

greatest of English churches. It was built in the 17th century by

Sir Christopher Wren. The Tower of London was founded by

Julius Caesar and in 1066 rebuilt by William the Conqueror. It

was used as a fortress, a royal palace and a prison. Now it is a

museum.

Westminster is the historic, the governmental part of

London.

Westminster Abbey has more historic associations than

any other building in Britain. Nearly all English kings and

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182

queens have been crowned here. Many outstanding statesmen, scientists, writers,

poets and painters are buried here: Newton, Darwin, Chaucer, Dickens, Tennyson,

Kipling, etc.

Across the road from Westminster Abbey is Westminster Palace, or the Houses

of Parliament, the seat of the British Parliament. The Clock Tower of the Houses of

Parliament is famous for its big hour bell, known as "Big Ben".

Buckingham Palace is the official residence of the Queen.

The West End is the richest and most beautiful part of London. It is the symbol

of wealth and luxury. The best hotels, shops, restaurants, clubs, and theatres are

situated there. There are splendid houses and lovely gardens belonging to wealthy

people.

Trafalgar Square is the geographical centre of London. It was named in memory

of Admiral Nelson's victory in the battle of Trafalgar in 1805. The tall Nelson's

Column stands in the middle of the square.

On the north side of Trafalgar Square is the National Gallery and the National

Portrait Gallery. Not far away is the British Museum — the biggest museum in

London. It contains a priceless collection of ancient manuscripts, coins, sculptures,

etc, and is famous for its library.

The East End is the poorest district of London. There are a lot of factories,

workshops and docks here. The streets are narrow, the buildings are unimpressive.

The East End is densely populated by working class families.

QUESTIONS

1. Is London the largest city in the world?

2. What’s the population of London?

3. Traditionally London is divided into several parts. Can you name them?

4. What do you know about the City?

5. Who was St Paul’s Cathedral built by?

6. Who founded the Tower of London? When was it rebuilt?

7. What is the historic, the governmental part of London?

8. What building has more historic associations than any other building in

London?

9. What is Big Ben?

10. Can you describe Trafalgar Square?

11. Where do the working people of London live?

12. What are the most famous London museums and art galleries?

II. Match the two halves

1. London

2. The Bank of England

3. The City

4. St. Paul’s Cathedral

5. The West End

a) is the official residence of the Queen.

b) is the geographical centre of London.

c) was founded by Julius Caesar.

d) is across the road from Westminster Abbey.

e) is one of the most famous ancient buildings

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6. Westminster Palace

7. Trafalgar Square

8. Buckingham Palace

9. The Tower of London

10. Westminster Abbey

within the City.

f) is the place where most English kings and queens

have been crowned.

g) is situated in the heart of London, in its financial

and business centre.

h) is the symbol of wealth and luxury and the most

beautiful part of London.

i) is the capital of Great Britain, its political,

economic and commercial centre.

j) is the oldest part of London where few people live

but over a million people come to work here.

III. Decide if the following is true (T) or false (F). Correct the false statements.

1. The Tower of London is the place where nearly all English kings and queens

have been crowned.

2. Westminster is the financial and business centre of London.

3. St. Paul’s Cathedral is situated in the West End.

4. The Tower of London was founded by William the Conqueror.

5. Westminster Palace is the seat of the British Parliament.

6. The National Gallery is the biggest museum of London and contains a

priceless collection of ancient manuscripts, coins, sculptures and is famous for

its library.

7. A lot of factories, workshops and docks are situated in the East End.

8. The big hour bell of the Clock Tower of the Houses of Parliament is known as

“Big Ben”.

9. Trafalgar Square is the geographical centre of the City.

10. There are some famous ancient buildings within the City, the Tower of

London is among them.

IV. Name the main sights of London and say what you know about them.

V. Read the text ‘The Capital of Great Britain’. The vocabulary will help you

understand the text.

THE CAPITAL OF GREAT BRITAIN

London, the capital of Great Britain, is a big city. It covers more

than 600 square miles and consists of 33 separate boroughs, including

the City, the West End, the East End and houses of 7 million people.

They say, big cities are not always different. Modern buildings,

modern shops and stores, hotels and cinemas look alike in today’s

cities. But some things you can only see in London. What are they?

In London you find Beefeaters and Pearly Kings and Queens.

You find Covent Garden and Madam Tussaud’s.

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Britain has more living symbols of its past than many other countries, and its

capital boasts many ancient buildings like the Houses of Parliament, Westminster

Abbey, or St. Paul's Cathedral.

London is a royal city. The British king or queen has a palace there –

Buckingham Palace. Queen Elizabeth lives there now. Tourists can see the everyday

ceremony called ‘the Changing of the Guard’. Every day a new guard of thirty

guardsmen marches to the palace and takes the place of the “old guard”.

The Tower of London, built in 1078 by William the Conqueror to protect the

city, is an interesting place with its Beefeaters and the Crown Jewels.

The Imperial State Crown is one of the Crown Jewels in the Jewel House in the

Tower of London. It has 3000 stones in it: diamonds, red rubies, blue sapphires, and

beautiful pearls. The queen wears it on state occasions. Then it goes back to the

Tower. The Beefeaters guard the Tower and the Crown Jewels, and they help visitors.

Every year there are historical ceremonies, for example, the State opening of

Parliament, when the Queen reads a speech from the throne in the House of Lords, or

the Lord Mayor’s Show, in which the newly elected Lord Mayor travels in a golden

coach along the streets.

London is a city, but to Londoners ‘the City’ is a place in London. The banks

and big companies have their head offices there. City offices are in tall modern

buildings, or in old buildings in narrow streets. The office people do not live in the

City, they come to the City every day, from Monday to Friday.

Five important streets meet at Piccadilly Circus in London's 'West End'. The

cars, the tourist coaches, the red London buses, and the taxis go round a statue there.

It is not a statue of a famous man or woman. People don't remember the statue's real

name. They say: ‘It’s Eros, the Greek god of love.’

Piccadilly Circus is a very busy place. It is busy day and night. People come

here to the shops in the day time, and at night they come for a night out. They can eat

in one of the restaurants in the West End near Piccadilly Circus. They can get food

from twenty different countries in West End restaurants.

Londoners, and visitors, can go to a theatre in the West End, or to a concert, to

an opera or a ballet. And there are fifty cinemas near Piccadilly Circus. West End

hosts museums and galleries, among them are the Tate Gallery, the National Gallery,

the National Portrait Gallery and the British Museum.

The ‘East End’ is the area of London where people from abroad have come to

find work. It is especially famous as the centre of the clothing industry in London and

as a market place. Every Sunday morning it becomes one of the sights of London.

London is packed with interest and it's all in colour. So whether you're new to

the city, or you've visited it before there will be something exciting in London.

=====================VOCABULARY====================

cover, v занимать территорию

separate borough отдельный пригород

Beefeaters “мясоеды” (прозвище дворцовой

стражи или стражников

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лондонского Тауэра)

Pearly King (Pearly Queen) “перламутровый король”

(перламутровая королева)

(победители проводимого в

лондонском Ист-Энде конкурса

традиционной одежды уличного

торговца/торговки)

look alike, v быть похожими

boast, v гордиться

royal city королевский город

guard, n стража

march, v маршировать

protect, v защищать

diamonds, n бриллианты

red rubies, n рубины

sapphires, n сапфиры

pearls, n жемчуг

state occasion государственная церемония

newly elected вновь избранный

golden coach золоченая карета

tourist coach туристический автобус

statue, n статуя

clothing industry производство одежды

VI. Answer the following questions:

1. How large is London?

2. What things can you see only in London?

3. Can you name any ancient buildings situated in London?

4. What ceremony can tourists see at the Buckingham Palace?

5. Where is the Imperial State Crown?

6. What is Piccadilly Circus?

7. How can a tourist spend his time in the West End?

8. What would you like to see in London?

VII. Find in the text the equivalents for the following words and phrases:

1) отдельные пригороды;

2) похожи;

3) живые символы;

4) гордиться;

5) церемония, называемая «смена караула»;

6) гвардейцы;

7) бифитеры, «мясоеды»;

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8) королевские регалии (короны, скипетры и другие драгоценности;

используются монархом на официальных церемониях; хранятся в

Лондонском Тауэре);

9) Имперская церемониальная корона;

10) официальное открытие сессии парламента;

11) парад лорд-мэра;

12) служащие;

13) греческий бог любви;

14) днем;

15) район Лондона;

16) рынок (рыночная площадь);

17) достопримечательность;

18) что-то увлекательное.

VIII. Translate the following sentences into English.

1. В Британии гораздо больше символов прошлого, чем во многих других

странах.

2. Лондон – величественный город. У короля и королевы здесь есть свой

дворец, Букингемский.

3. Каждый день гвардия (стража) из тридцати гвардейцев марширует вдоль

дворца, производя смену караула.

4. В Тауэре Лондона хранится королевская корона. В ней 3000 камней:

бриллианты, рубины, сапфиры и красивый жемчуг. Королева надевает

ее во время торжественных государственных церемоний.

5. Пикадилли – оживленное место в Лондоне. Днем народ приходит сюда

за покупками, а вечером – это место отдыха.

6. Восточный район Лондона – это место, куда стекаются люди со всего

мира в поисках работы.

7. В Лондоне очень много интересного, и он очень разнообразен. Так что

неважно, приехали ли вы сюда впервые или уже бывали здесь прежде,

вам все равно будет что посмотреть в этом городе.

IX. Act as a guide. Make up a plan of your tour around London. Invite your

friends to follow you. The map of London will help you.

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X. Read the text ‘The Tower of London’. Find the answers to the following

questions:

1. What was the Tower of London in ancient times?

2. What was kept there?

3. What is the Tower of London today?

4. Why are the ravens cared so carefully in the Tower?

5. What tradition has been kept since reign of Henry VIII?

THE TOWER OF LONDON

The Tower of London was begun by William the Conqueror as a fortress and

palace. Later kings made it larger and stronger and kept soldiers, armour, weapons,

treasure, and sometimes important prisoners there. For five hundred years coins of

realm were minted at the Tower and official documents were stored in some of the

castle buildings. There was even a zoo there which began as the king’s private

collection of animals.

Nowadays it is busy with thousands of visitors. In fact the Tower today is like a

traditional English village. The ravens are certainly among the most important

residents in the Tower, for – so the story goes – if they ever leave, the Tower will fall

and England with it. These days there are usually about six ravens hopping and

pecking around the Tower lawns in the daytime. One of the Yeoman Warders cares

for them. He feeds them on raw meat, biscuits soaked in blood, rabbits’ heads, fruit

and eggs. He takes them back into their cage every night, and from time to time clips

their wings - just to make sure that they never do leave.

The Yeoman Warders have guarded the Tower since reign of Henry VIII. Every

day at the Tower ends with the Ceremony of the Keys. The soldiers of the Tower

Guard escort the Chief Yeoman Warder as he locks the outer gates. When this is done

the guard salute “the Queen's keys” and the Chief Warder calls out “God preserves

Queen Elizabeth”. Then he takes the keys to the Governor in Queen’s House. The

Tower of London is safe and secure for the night. It is a very old ceremony – 700

years old.

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