Нерсесянц В.С. (ред.) История политических и правовых учений

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, , ?

www.InetLib.Ru - !

    ,      

  .      , 

.

     .   

,    

. ,  , –   . ,  , 



, . , 

, .

     :   (pactum) 

 (decretum). 

.          . 

       ,   –

. .

, 

.

    ,      

, ,        .

 , ,      

.

  –        

.       ,   

    ;   –  

 .      ,  

  .     ( , 

  . .) ;     .  ,

    ,   .   

     ,  ,  

, 

.

, 

    ,       . 

 .     

.     , 

.

5. . 

 (1738–1794) – , 

 "   ".   , 

,           ,

     , ,    

    .      

, 

    .     ,   

,  "   –   ,  , . . ,

".

, , , 

      .      

 ,   ,  ,     

 ,        , " 

www.InetLib.Ru - !

".

, ,  –

? . 

.  – 

.

        

     .    "  

   ,   ,

, ". 

      ,     ,

; ; 

, , 

.

      ,   

         

      

.

,  "" (1764), 

. 

,  ,    ,  , 

   ,  ,   ,  

  .  –      

, . 

  ,   ,      , 

.

 11. 

 XVII–XVIII .

 XVII . 

 ,      . 



    .      

 "" , 

 "" . 

, .

1. 

  (1618–1683)   ,   

,         

.  1640 . , .

.         

 ,      

 (, , , , .). 

         

.  1659 . 

,  1661 . 



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1676 .      .  1678 .   

 .   ,     ,  

        . 

 "",  "".

        

          

.

 ""     : 

,  , );  ( 

 )   (,   

,   ,  ,   ,

, ). 

, .

 ""       

, .

 ,  " 

, ". 

. "...".

      " "   

. " – , , ... , ,

. , 

   ".  ,     

;  – .

 :   ( );   

    ().   ;

 –  – .

     ". ".   

 " "   ,    

  ,        .

        ". "  

         ". 

   " ,     

        ",  " 

, , ".

. 

: "

... , ,

, ".

     .   

  ; ,  ,  "

, , ". 

,          ,  

, , 

. 

 ,   "      

"    "  ,  , 

".

 ""  "    . 

   ,     : 

)   ().    ,

,         ,   

.   

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, 

.

  ()     

  , ,         

, 

, .

 ,   " " " ,  

"  .      .

 "" (. . ,

). 

     .     , 

,         

.   ,     ,

, ,       . 

, ,  "", 

 "" .

     ,   . 

 "" , 

. " – ... 

   ...  –    ". 

   ,        

), ,  "" . 

, . 

   "     ,    

     .   –    ".

: "

".

   ,     

 " "  .      

,      , 

  "" () ,  "   

  ", , ,       

, 

.

        . 

        . 

 "   ,        ". 

 "",  , , 

 .    ,

. , 

   " ".    

  "    ".     

: "..., , , , . . ...,

, .: 

...".

         

: "..., , , ...". 

.  "

,  ..., ".

   ,   

  "",       

    .       

www.InetLib.Ru - !

, , , 

   .    

",  – . .

 "",   ,     

 "".

   

. , 

,  "

",  ", 

  ...   –      ". 

.

    .     

,  "". 

. 

        ,    

 "" (, ,  – 

) .

        ,  " 

 ,        ...   

    ,    ".    

  . "        

 ... : 

 (: "",  "" . – . 3.)

  ".   " "  "    , 

". , : "".

. "

        ...   ,

,    ".      

.

, . ,

         ,  

,

  "  ". ,    

,  "" ""    ,    

 ,            ,  

,       ;  

          

. ",

". . . , 

   "         

, ".

        . 

     ,    

 ,          

  "  ".      ,  

, .

      ,  

      ,   

 , ,  ,     

.



  .      

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    .   "  

,   ,      ".  

 ", ". "

     ".      

, , 

       "" .     

   ,     ,

        .    

 "" , 

. ", ...".

      .   

    "   ".   

     .    

, .

. 

, , , 

      .   "-

", . . ,  "".

2. 

  XVIII .      

         

 .      

  :       

  ;    ,  

, , 

,    .      

 – .  – .

 1721 . "" ,  "

    ,    ...".

.

  I     

      .     

      ,   

.

           

  ",      

 (1681–1736).

. 

   :    ,

     ,   .   , 

         

, , , , .

:

  ,  ,   

.

    ,    

: "", "" .



www.InetLib.Ru - !

  ,    "    

" "".



 ,      

, , 

   "  ".   (   

) , ,  

. 

 (, )  ("

").

 ,       ,  

       ("   

")      .      

  .      , ,

 "" ().  ()

.  , 

     .  ,    

, .

     ,    

:   .     

, , 

, 

.  ""  "" 

,       "" 

".       "    

... »... ", ,

" .

    ,  ,  

,        

           

.     " " (1723),

         

, .

 ,  ,    "  "  

.      ,      

   ,      I (1797),

          

.

     ,   

 ,     .   

 " , ,  "     

   ",   "    ,  

".



, .  – 

 ,        ,   

 ,  ,   

.

.

        

.   I      

.      

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  (1701),       

   .      

.

,

 "",  () 

.  "". , 

,  ", 

" .

:

      ;  

    ,       ".    

  ,      , ,

     ,  ,   ,  " 

".

    ( I,  I,  II, 

),   , 

.

 ""       

.   ,     ,

, , .

 XIX  XX .

3. . . 

 . .  (1733–1790)   ,    

 ,    .    -

, . 

 III  1762 .  "      

"      ,    ,  

, , .  1762

.  .  1767 .

         , 

  II       

  .        

 II.

: "

  " (1759); "   " (1760); " 

" (1785–1789);  "

.",  "" (80-. XVIII .).

     . .   

, ,

     ,  

,   ,   ,

, . .

. .        

 "". ", – 

, – , ",  "

   ,   ".  ,   ,

.

           

www.InetLib.Ru - !

.

      . .  

       

.          ,

      :   "  

… ". 

          , ,

     ,    

. , 

". ,

, , 

         . 

.

,  "" , 

.       XVII– XVIII .,  

 .     , 

, , , , ,      

,  "" , 

 "

".

      , 

 "", ,

         .  ,  

     .    ,

 ,  " ,   , 

".



: , , . ,  "

"       , "      ,

... ".

 ,

, , .

     

, 

       .  

, 

 .         

    ,   ,   

 .  () ", 

, ". , 

  ,      ;     

 :  ,  ,   

    .      IV

, , , 

,  ", ,

... , 

, ... , ,

 ...  . , ". , 

, "".

      , ,  

, , 

. , , 

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       ,

, 

    .        

 ",   " "    .

 (, )  () 

 ,        "  ,

... , 

  ".   "    

".

   ,       

        

:  (); 

 ("           

");  ,        

 , "  ".      

 "", 

 "".

, , , , 

 :  ,    ,  

, , .

     ,     

     .    

 ", , " 

 .    ,   , ,   

     "",   ,   , 

 "" , , .

         

.

, , , 

,   "  ".    ,  

      .",    

 ",         ,

. , 

.

 ,  , –    

 (, , , 

   ),      .  

 . , 

, .

       

.

         

.       ,  

   . ,    , 

          

 (, , , ).

, :

  ,     ,   

.

        .

 ,   ,  ,    ;

. , 