Мезенцев А.А. Павлов В.М., Байструков К.И. Техническое и программное обеспечение лабораторного комплекса Организация пультов управления современных АСУ ТП

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Ɍɟɩɟɪɶ ɜɨɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɦ, ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɵɦ ɪɟɲɢɬɶ

ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɭ.

ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ @ ɢ ɝɥɨ-

ɛɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ:

function fun1

global d

d = 4;

% ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɤɨ ɜɬɨɪɨɦɭ ɦɨɞɭɥɸ

figure;

uicontrol( ...

'Style', 'pushbutton', ...

'String', 'Start', ...

'Callback', @fun2);

function varargout = fun2(varargin)

global d;

out = sqrt(d*2 +1);

helpdlg(int2str(out), 'Ⱥ ɜɨɬ ɢ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬ');

ɉɪɢ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɟ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɟ Matlab ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɟɬ. ɉɨɩɪɨɛɭɟɦ ɨɬ-

ɤɨɦɩɢɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɟɺ ɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɟ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ.

mcc –m –B sgl fun1

Ʉɚɤ ɜɢɞɢɦ, ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɟɬ. ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ ɛɵɥ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɢɪɨɜɚɧ

ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɦɨɞɭɥɶ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɵɣ ɢ ɜ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɟ callback ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɢ ɤɨɫɜɟɧɧɭɸ

ɚɞɪɟɫɚɰɢɸ (ɜɵɡɨɜ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ) ɧɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ @fun2. Ⱦɟɥɨ ɜ ɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢ ɢɫ-

ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚ callback ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɪɚɜɧɨɫɢɥɶɧɨ ɬɨɦɭ,

ɱɬɨ ɜɵ ɜɜɨɞɢɬɟ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɭ ɜ ɫɬɪɨɤɟ ɤɨɦɚɧɞ Matlab. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɧɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ

ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɶɫɹ ɤ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɦɨɣ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ

ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɟ ɢ ɩɪɢɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ

ɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɟɳɺ ɨɞɢɧ ɦɨɞɭɥɶ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ fun2. ɇɨ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ

fun1 ɤ

fun2 ɱɟɪɟɡ ɨɛɴɟɤɬ uicontrol – callback ɩɪɢ ɤɨɦɩɢɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɧɟ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬ-

ɫɹ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɨɬɫɥɟɞɢɬɶ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɢɫɬɚ ɜ ɷɬɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɧɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ.

ɉɪɢ ɤɨɫɜɟɧɧɨɦ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɢ ɤ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɟɫɶ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɨɛɴ-

ɟɤɬɚɦɢ ɢ ɜ ɬɨ ɠɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɟɫɶ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ m-ɤɨɞɚ. Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɩɪɢ ɤɨɫɜɟɧ-

ɧɨɦ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɢ ɤ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɧɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɜɯɨɞɧɵɟ ɢ ɜɵɯɨɞ-

ɧɵɟ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɟ, ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɦ ɝɥɨɛɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɟ

global, ɤɨ-

ɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɭɸ ɜ ɬɟɯ Ɇ-ɮɚɣɥɚɯ ɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹɯ,

ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɨɧɚ ɨɛɴɹɜɥɟɧɚ.

ɉɨɞɨɛɧɨɟ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɭɩɪɨɳɚɟɬ ɢ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɹɟɬ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ

ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫ ɢɧɬɟɪɮɟɣɫɨɦ. ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɞɨɛɧɨɝɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɚ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɬ ɛɨɥɟ

ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɢ ɧɚɝɥɹɞɧɨ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɢɬɶ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɵɣ ɤɨɞ.

Ɍɟɦ ɠɟ ɫɚɦɵɦ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɦ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɫ

ɜɧɟɲɧɢɦɢ ɤɨɞɚɦɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ ɢ ɦɨɞɭɥɟɣ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ

ɫ MEX.

Ʉɚɤ ɭɠɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɫɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɪɚɧɟɟ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ .dll

ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤ ɨɩɪɚɜɞɚɧɨ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫɪɟɞɵ Matlab ɜ ɤɭɩɟ ɫ Windows. ɗɬɨ

ɧɟɨɫɩɨɪɢɦɵɣ ɮɚɤɬ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɫɨ ɜɪɟɦɺɧ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɩɟɪɜɵɯ

ɹɡɵɤɨɜ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɫɚɦɢɯ Ɉɋ.

Ʉɚɤ ɦɵ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɱɬɨ ɜɢɞɟɥɢ, ɞɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɶɫɹ ɤ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɦɭ

ɮɚɣɥɭ ɢɡ Matlab, ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɥɸɛɵɦɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚɦɢ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɚ. ɇɨ

ɩɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɹɟɦɵɦ ɦɨɞɭɥɟɦ

exe ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɧɟɤɨɬɨ-

ɪɭɸ ɯɢɬɪɨɫɬɶ – ɤɨɫɜɟɧɧɭɸ ɚɞɪɟɫɚɰɢɸ. ɋɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ, ɞɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ

ɜ ɫɪɟɞɟ Matlab ɨɤɚɡɚɥɢɫɶ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɵɟ ɜ

.dll ɞɚɧɧɵɟ, ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɜɵ-

ɩɨɥɧɢɬɶ ɚɞɪɟɫɚɰɢɸ ɢɡ m-ɤɨɞɚ, ɚ ɟɫɥɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɨɛɴɟɤɬ uicontrol c ɩɚ-

ɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɦ

callback, ɬɨ ɷɬɨɬ m-ɤɨɞ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɡɧɚɱɨɤ @.

ɉɨɩɪɨɛɭɟɦ ɧɚɩɢɫɚɬɶ ɩɪɢɦɟɪ m-ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ, ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɸɳɟɣ ɷɬɢ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ.

Ⱦɥɹ ɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɫɨɡɞɚɞɢɦ

program_kernel_fun.dll, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɡɚ-

ɲɢɬɚ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ.

Ɍɟɤɫɬ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɺɧ ɧɢɠɟ:

function out = program_kernel_fun(in)

% ɹɪɨ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ

%+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

out = in + 2*in^2;

Ʉɨɦɚɧɞɚ ɤɨɦɩɢɥɹɬɨɪɭ: mcc –x program_kernel_fun.mɢ.

Ⱥ ɬɟɩɟɪɶ ɫɨɡɞɚɞɢɦ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɚ ɜ ɨɞ-

ɧɨɦ Ɇ-ɮɚɣɥɟ.

function initial_fun

% ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɨɛɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɤ dll

%++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

global d;

figure;

uicontrol('Style', 'pushbutton', ... % ɤɧɨɩɤɚ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ

'String', 'RUN ME', ...

'Callback', @calldll);

%--------------------------------------------------------------------------

% ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ

%--------------------------------------------------------------------------

function varargout = calldll(varargin)

% ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɨɛɪɚɳɚɸɳɚɹɫɹ ɤ dll

%++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

global d;

d = program_kernel_fun(3); %ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ

helpdlg(int2str(d), 'Ⱥ ɜɨɬ ɢ ɨɬɜɟɬ'); % ɜɵɜɨɞ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ

Ʉɨɦɚɧɞɚ ɤɨɦɩɢɥɹɬɨɪɭ mcc -m -B sgl initial_fun.m.

Ɍɟɩɟɪɶ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɡɚɩɭɫɬɢɬɶ ɦɨɞɭɥɶ

initial_fun.exe. Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬ ɨɱɟɜɢ-

ɞɟɧ, ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɟɬ.

Ɍɚɤɨɣ ɦɟɬɨɞ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɢ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɢ

ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɹɟɦɵɟ ɦɨɞɭɥɢ, ɧɚɩɢɫɚɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ ɢɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɢɪɭɟɦɨɦ

Ɇ-ɹɡɵɤɟ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ Ƚɗ, ɢ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɨɬɤɨɦɩɢɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ.

3.4. ʿ̨̡̨̛̛̬̖̯̬̦̖̏̌ ʧʿʰ (GUI) ̏ Matlab

ɉɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ M-ɹɡɵɤ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɜɯɨɞɢɬ ɜ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɩɚɤɟɬɚ Matlab, ɹɜɥɹɟɬ-

ɫɹ ɈɈɉ, ɬɨ ɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɦ ɜɵɜɨɞɨɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɲɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɟɝɨ ɞɨɫɬɨ-

ɢɧɫɬɜ ɞɥɹ ɛɵɫɬɪɨɣ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ GUI. Ʉɨɧɰɟɩɰɢɢ ɈɈɉ ɧɚɦ ɭɠɟ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵ ɢ

ɨɧɢ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɬ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɫ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚɦɢ, ɤɚɤ ɫ ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɵɦɢ

ɦɨɞɭɥɹɦɢ. ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɫɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɥɢɲɶ ɤ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭ-

ɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɜ

ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɨɤɧɚ

ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ. Ⱦɚɜɚɣɬɟ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ ɫɪɟɞɵ Matlab 6.5 R13 ɫɩɨ-

ɫɨɛɵ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ GUI.

ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɥɚɫɫɨɜ ɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɜ Matlab ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚ

ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 3.11, ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ – ɜ ɬɚɛɥ. 3.1.

Ɋɢɫ. 3.11. ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɥɚɫɫɨɜ ɜ Matlab

Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 3.1

Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɥɚɫɫɨɜ Matlab

Ɉɛɴɟɤɬ Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ

Root ȼɟɪɯɭɲɤɚ ɢɟɪɚɪɯɢɢ, ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɚɹ ɷɤɪɚɧ ɦɨɧɢɬɨɪɚ

Figure Ɉɤɧɨ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ, ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɟɟ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɢɧɬɟɪɮɟɣɫ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɹ

Axes Ɉɛɥɚɫɬɶ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɨɜ ɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɟɣ

Uicontrol

Ʉɥɚɫɫ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɧɚɛɨɪ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɭɩɪɚɜ-

ɥɟɧɢɹ (ɤɧɨɩɤɢ, ɮɥɚɝɢ, ɫɥɚɣɞɟɪɵ, ɪɟɞɚɤɬɨɪɵ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ)

Uimenu Ɇɟɧɸ ɨɤɧɚ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ

Uicon-

textmenu

Ʉɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɧɵɟ ɦɟɧɸ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɨɤɧɚ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ, ɜɵɡɵɜɚɟɦɵɟ ɩɪɚɜɵɦ ɤɥɢ-

ɤɨɦ ɧɚ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɟ

Image Ⱦɜɭɦɟɪɧɵɟ ɪɚɫɬɪɨɜɵɟ ɤɚɪɬɢɧɤɢ

Light

ɂɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ ɫɜɟɬɚ, ɢɡɦɟɧɹɸɳɢɣ ɰɜɟɬɨɜɭɸ ɤɚɪɬɭ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ, ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɨɧ

ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧ

Line Ʌɢɧɢɹ

Path Ʉɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɢɪɭɟɦɵɣ ɩɨɥɢɝɨɧ

Rectangle Ⱦɜɭɦɟɪɧɚɹ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɦɚɹ ɮɨɪɦɚ

Surface Ɍɪɺɯɦɟɪɧɵɟ ɦɚɬɪɢɱɧɵɟ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ

Text Ʉɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɢɪɭɟɦɵɣ ɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɬɟɤɫɬ ɫ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɪɟɞɚɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ

Ⱦɥɹ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɝɨ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ GUI ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦ ɩɪɨɫɬɟɣɲɢɟ ɬɢɩɵ

ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɤɨɞɨɜ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɧɚ Ɇ-ɹɡɵɤɟ:

ɉɜɵɠɥɭ «Ʌɨɩɪɥɛ ɜɠɢ ɯɣɥɬɛɱɣɣ»

function x(varargin)

uicontrol('style', 'pushbutton', ...

'string', 'run me', ...

'horizontalalignment', 'left', ...

'fontsize', 14, ...

'units', 'normal', ...

'position', [.1 .1 .4 .1], ...

'backgroundcolor', [0 0 0], ...

'foregroundcolor', [1 0 0], ...

'tag', '1', ...

'callback', @fig)

function fig(varargin)

button = questdlg('2+2=4?', 'Continue Operation','Yes','No','Yes');

if strcmp(button,'Yes')

set(findobj(0, 'tag', '1'), 'str', 'ɉɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ');

elseif strcmp(button,'No')

set(findobj(0, 'tag', '1'), 'str', 'ɇɟ ɜɟɪɧɨ');

end

ɉɜɵɠɥɭ «Ʌɨɩɪɥɛ ɬ ɯɣɥɬɛɱɣɠɤ»

function x(varargin)

uicontrol('style', 'togglebutton', ...

'string', 'run me', ...

'horizontalalignment', 'left', ...

'fontsize', 14, ...

'units', 'normal', ...

'position', [.1 .1 .4 .1], ...

'backgroundcolor', [.8 .8 .8], ...

'foregroundcolor', [1 0 0], ...

'tag', '1', ...

'callback', @fig)

function fig(varargin)

get(findobj(0, 'tag', '1'), 'value');

if ans == 1

set(findobj(0, 'tag', '1'), 'str', 'once again');

else

set(findobj(0, 'tag', '1'), 'str', 'run me');

end

ɉɜɵɠɥɭ «ɋɛɬɥɫɶɝɛɹɴɣɤɬɺ ɬɪɣɬɩɥ»

function x(varargin)

uicontrol('style', 'popupmenu', ...

'string', '< 1 >|< 2 >|< 3 >|< 4 >|< 5 >|< 6 >|< 7 >', ...

'horizontalalignment', 'left', ...

'fontsize', 10, ...

'fontweight', 'bold', ...

'units', 'normal', ...

'position', [.1 .1 .1 .1], ...

'backgroundcolor', [.9 .5 .1], ...

'foregroundcolor', [0 0 0])

ɉɜɵɠɥɭ «Ɋɫɩɦɣɬɭɶɝɛɠɧɶɤ ɬɪɣɬɩɥ»

function x(varargin)

uicontrol('style', 'listbox', ...

'string', '< 1 >|< 2 >|< 3 >|< 4 >|< 5 >|< 6 >|< 7 >', ...

'horizontalalignment', 'left', ...

'fontsize', 10, ...

'fontweight', 'bold', ...

'units', 'normal', ...

'position', [.1 .2 .15 .1], ...

'backgroundcolor', [.9 .5 .1], ...

'foregroundcolor', [0 0 0])

ɉɜɵɠɥɭ «ɋɠɟɛɥɭɣɫɮɠɧɶɤ ɭɠɥɬɭ»

function x(varargin)

uicontrol('style', 'edit', ...

'string', 'enter the ɬɟɤɫɬ', ...

'units', 'normal', ...

'position', [.1 .1 .2 .15]);

ɉɜɵɠɥɭ «Ɍɭɛɭɣɲɠɬɥɣɤ ɭɠɥɬɭ»

function x(varargin)

uicontrol('style', 'text', ...

'string', 'ɧɟ enter the ɬɟɤɫɬ', ...

'units', 'normal', ...

'position', [.1 .1 .2 .15]);

ɉɜɵɠɥɭ «Ɍɭɛɭɣɲɠɬɥɣɤ ɭɠɥɬɭ» ɬ ɝɩɢɧɩɡɨɩɬɭɷɹ ɫɠɟɛɥɭɣɫɩɝɛɨɣɺ

function x(varargin)

text(.1,.1,'run me', 'buttondownfcn', 'set(gco, ''editing'', ''on'')');

set(gca, 'visible', 'off');

ɉɜɵɠɥɭ «Ɍɦɛɤɟɠɫ»

function x(varargin)

uicontrol('style', 'slider', ...

'tooltipstring', 'ɩɨɞɜɢɝɚɣ ɛɟɝɭɧɨɤ', ...

'min', 0, ...

'max', 100, ...

'sliderstep', [.2 .1], ...

'units', 'normal', ...

'position', [.1 .1 .5 .05]);

ɉɜɵɠɥɭ «ɉɥɨɩ ɪɫɩɞɫɛɧɧɶ»

function x(varargin)

figure;

ɉɜɵɠɥɭ «Ɍɣɬɭɠɧɛ ɥɩɩɫɟɣɨɛɭ»

function x(varargin)

axes('units', 'pixels', ...

'position' ,[100 100 400 300], ...

'xcolor', [1 0 0], ...

'ycolor', [0 1 0], ...

'XGrid', 'on', ...

'YGrid', 'on');

ɉɜɵɠɥɭ «ɇɠɨɹ»

function x(varargin)

f = uimenu('Label','Workspace');

uimenu(f,'Label','New Figure','Callback','figure');

uimenu(f,'Label','Save','Callback','save');

uimenu(f,'Label','Quit','Callback','exit',...

'Separator','on','Accelerator','Q');

ɉɜɵɠɥɭ «ɏɦɛɞ»

function x(varargin)

uicontrol(‘style’, ‘checkbox’);

ɉɜɵɠɥɭ «Ʌɩɨɭɠɥɬɭɨɩɠ ɧɠɨɹ»

function x(varargin)

cmenu = uicontextmenu;

hline = plot(1:10, 'UIContextMenu', cmenu);

cb1 = ['set(hline, ''LineStyle'', ''--'')'];

cb2 = ['set(hline, ''LineStyle'', '':'')'];

cb3 = ['set(hline, ''LineStyle'', ''-'')'];

item1 = uimenu(cmenu, 'Label', 'dashed', 'Callback', cb1);

item2 = uimenu(cmenu, 'Label', 'dotted', 'Callback', cb2);

item3 = uimenu(cmenu, 'Label', 'solid', 'Callback', cb3);

ȼɢɡɭɚɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɦ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɤɥɚɫɫɵ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 3.12.

Ɋɢɫ. 3.12. Ƚɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɤɥɚɫɫɵ Matlab 6.5

ɉɪɢɜɟɞɺɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɥɚɫɫɨɜ, ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɬɚɛɥ. 3.1,

ɞɥɹ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɞɭɥɹ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɞɥɹ

ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ.

ɋɨɡɞɚɞɢɦ ɧɨɜɵɣ ɮɚɣɥ ɯ.m, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɢɧɢɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɦ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ.

function x(varargin)

% ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɬɨɪ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ

% ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ

%+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

ȼɵɩɨɥɧɢɦ ɷɫɤɢɡɧɵɣ

ɩɪɨɟɤɬ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢɧɬɟɪ-

ɮɟɣɫɚ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɹ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ,

ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 3.13.

Ɋɢɫ. 3.13. ɗɫɤɢɡ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ

ɢɧɬɟɪɮɟɣɫɚ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ

ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ

ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ

ɂɧɢɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɦ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɭɸ ɬɢɩɚ cell ɞɥɹ ɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ

ɫɨɡɞɚɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ. ɉɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɚɹ ɬɢɩɚ

cell ɨɱɟɧɶ ɩɨɥɟɡɧɚ ɬɟɦ, ɱɬɨ

ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ ɜ ɫɜɨɺɦ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɟ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɟ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵ ɬɢɩɨɜ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ

ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɚɹ ɬɢɩɚ

cell ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɨɦɩɢɥɹɬɨɪɨɦ.

config = [{'A='}, {1}, {'ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ Ⱥ'}, {'1'};

{'Ȼ='}, {2}, {'ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ Ȼ'}, {'2'};

{'ȼ='}, {3}, {'ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ ȼ'}, {'3'};

{'Ƚ='}, {4}, {'ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ Ƚ'}, {'4'};

{'Ⱦ='}, {5}, {'ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ Ⱦ'}, {'5'};

{'ȿ='}, {6}, {'ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ ȿ'}, {'6'};

{'ɀ='}, {7}, {'ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ ɀ'}, {'7'}];

ɇɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ config, ɯɪɚɧɢɬɶ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɪɜɨɝɨ, ɜɬɨɪɨɝɨ

ɢ ɬɪɟɬɶɟɝɨ ɫɬɨɥɛɰɚ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɢɧɬɟɪɮɟɣɫɚ (ɪɢɫ. 3.13).

Ɂɚɬɟɦ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɦ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ ɨɤɧɚ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɤɨɞɚ:

figure;

set(1, 'menubar', 'none', ...

'name', 'ɗɬɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɨ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ :)', ...

'numbertitle', 'off', ...

'windowstyl', 'modal', ...

'resize', 'off', ...

'color', [.5 .75 .85], ...

'uni', 'pix', ...

'pos', [500 400 230 200]);

Ⱦɚɥɟɟ ɜɵɞɟɥɢɦ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ «Apply» (ɪɢɫ. 3.13).

uicontrol('sty', 'frame', ...

'uni', 'norm', ...

'pos', [0 0 1 .1], ...

'back', [0.77 0.92 0.83], ...

'fore', [1 1 0]);

Ⱦɚɥɟɟ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɢɦ ɩɟɪɜɵɣ ɫɬɨɥɛɟɰ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ. ɉɨ-

ɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɜɫɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɵ ɩɨ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ, ɡɚ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢ-

ɟɦ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚ string ɢ tag, ɬɨ ɜɨɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɢɯ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɰɢɤɥɨɦ.

% ɉɟɪɜɵɣ ɫɬɨɥɛɟɰ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ

left = .05;

top = 1;

hight = .1;

width = .1;

spacing = .01;

for i = 1:7

uicontrol('uni', 'norm', ...

'sty', 'text', ...

'str', config{i,1}, ...

'fontweight', 'bold', ...

'fontsize', 10, ...

'back', [.5 .75 .85], ...

'pos', [left top-(hight+spacing)*i width hight]);

end;

ɉɪɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚ position

ɩɪɢɲɥɨɫɶ ɦɨɞɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ.

ɉɨɞɨɛɧɵɦ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɦ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɢɦ ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɢ ɬɪɟɬɢɣ ɫɬɨɥɛɰɵ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟ-

ɫɤɢɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ.

% ȼɬɨɪɨɣ ɫɬɨɥɛɟɰ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ

left = .15;

for i = 1:7

uicontrol('uni', 'norm', ...

'sty', 'edit', ...

'str', config{i,2}, ...

'fontweight', 'bold', ...

'fontsize', 10, ...

'back', [.5 .75 .85], ...

'tag', config{i, 4}, ...

'pos', [left top-(hight+spacing)*i width hight]);

end;

% Ɍɪɟɬɢɣ ɫɬɨɥɛɟɰ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ

left = .3;

width = .5;

for i = 1:7

uicontrol('uni', 'norm', ...

'sty', 'text', ...

'str', config{i,3}, ...

'fontweight', 'bold', ...

'fontsize', 10, ...

'back', [.5 .75 .85], ...

'pos', [left top-(hight+spacing)*i width hight]);

end;

% Ʉɧɨɩɤɚ ɪɚɫɱɺɬɚ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ

uicontrol('uni', 'norm', ...

'str', 'apply', ...

'fore', [1 1 0], ...

'back', [.9 .5 .1], ...

'fontweight', 'bold', ...

'pos', [.1 .01, .2 .08], ...

'call', @calc);

ɉɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɣ ɫɬɪɨɤɨɣ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɤɧɨɩɤɚ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚ

«Apply». Ⱦɥɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɢ ɧɚ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɭɤɚɠɟɦ

ɫɫɵɥɤɭ ɧɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ

calc, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɬɨɠɟ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɮɚɣɥɟ x.m. Ɍɟɤɫɬ

ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ

calc ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ ɧɢɠɟ.

function calc(varargin)

% Ɋɚɫɱɺɬɧɨɟ ɹɞɪɨ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɫɨɛɢɪɚɟɬ ɪɟɞɚɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ

%++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

for i = 1:7

g(i) = str2num(get(findobj(0, 'tag', num2str(i)), 'str'));

end;

% Ɂɚɩɢɲɟɦ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɮɚɣɥ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚ exp.txt

fid = fopen('exp.txt','w');

fprintf(fid,'%6.2f\n',g);

fclose(fid)

ɉɨɫɥɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɤɚɤ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɜ ɹɱɟɣɤɚɯ ɜɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɫɬɨɥɛɰɚ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ

ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɛɵɥɢ ɫɨɛɪɚɧɵ (ɩɨ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɢ, ɜ ɰɢɤɥɟ), ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ

ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɣ ɮɨɪɦɚɬ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɡɚɩɢɫɚɬɶ ɢɯ ɜ ɮɚɣɥ. ɉɭɫɬɶ ɷɬɨ ɛɭɞɟɬ

ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɵɣ ɮɚɣɥ ɫ ɡɚɪɚɧɟɟ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵɦ ɢɦɟɧɟɦ exp.txt.

ɉɨɫɥɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɤɚɤ ɤɨɞ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɧɚɩɢɫɚɧ, ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɵ-

ɩɨɥɧɢɬɶ ɤɨɦɩɢɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɮɚɣɥɚ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ, ɞɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ

ɧɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶ-

ɡɨɜɚɬɶ Matlab ɩɪɢ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɟ ɧɨɜɨɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ.

Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɜɨɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɫɹ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɨɣ

mcc –m –B sgl x. ɑɬɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬ-

ɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɤɨɦɩɢɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɤɨɞɚ M ɜ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɹɟɦɵɣ ɮɚɣɥ x.exe.

Ȼɨɥɟɟ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨ ɨɛ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɤɨɦɩɢɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɜ Matlab ɛɭɞɟɬ

ɪɚɫɫɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɧɢɠɟ.

3.5. ʿ̨̡̨̛̛̬̖̯̬̦̖̏̌ ̵̨̭̣̙̦̼ (̵̨̭̭̯̦̼̌̏)

̴̸̵̡̛̛̬̖̭̐̌ ̨̣̖̥̖̦̯̾̏ ̏ ̭̬̖̖̔ Matlab

ɉɪɢ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɮɟɣɫɚ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɧɟ ɯɜɚɬɚɬɶ

ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɩɪɨɫɬɟɣɲɢɯ ɤɥɚɫɫɨɜ Ƚɉɂ Matlab ɞɥɹ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɬɪɟɛɭɟ-

ɦɨɝɨ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɤɚɤ ɜɫɩɥɵ-

ɜɚɸɳɟɟ ɦɟɧɸ. ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ Ƚɗ ɜɫɩɥɵɜɚɸɳɟɟ ɦɟɧɸ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜ-

ɧɨ, ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɫɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɬɶ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨ ɩɪɢ ɩɨ-

ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɢ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɫɪɟɞɭ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɜɢɞɢɦɚɹ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ

ɦɨɧɢɬɨɪɚ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɚ ɞɥɹ ɱɺɬɤɨɝɨ ɜɢɡɭɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ

ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧ-

ɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ.

Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɹ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɨɛɴɟɤɬ

ɜɫɩɥɵɜɚɸɳɟɟ ɦɟɧɸ, ɨɬɦɟɬɢɦ,

ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɟɝɨ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɬɨɠɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧ ɧɚ ɝɪɭɩɩɢɪɨɜɤɟ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ

ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɨɦɭ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɭ, ɨɞɧɚɤɨ ɜɢɡɭɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɫɝɪɭɩɩɢ-

ɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɢ, ɱɬɨ ɭɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟ-

ɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɤɭɪɫɨɪ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɢ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ

ɦɟɧɸ ɢɥɢ ɟɝɨ ɩɢɤɬɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ. ɉɪɨɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɦ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨ-

ɜɚɧɢɢ ɪɢɫ. 3.14.