Корнилова Т.В. Смирнов С.Д. Методологические основы психологии

Подождите немного. Документ загружается.

226

[,laea 9. f]apaanrvut

r't

az'xoroMur4

B nchxonorhh

HeN,r

NIO)I(HO

Bblr'Ie,'Il11'b

IIepexllBaIlUq

CTaTIIqeCKI'IX

/[rIHaN{llqeCKLIX

otttorrreunt'i1.

Telt clll\tllll

B Teopurl

flNeiilrca

11o51B"IsloTc11

3allaTltll

AI{-

HaNIItqecKoIo

o6T,tcHettH.q,

cBrI3bIBaeNtofo

It03lII.lKrloBeHHeNI

cIIcTeN{bI

rranpnxerrrra.

l{xeiinca

sror

o6brlclILIrc,IIbHblii

[PI{Hlll{[

orpaHu-

qeu

cr.rcreNroii

nttyrprt

co3HaHtl.s.

IIo:;xe

"IIent'tH

I{oFlcrllryllpyer

ero

An']

I]CI tXO,tOf

I I

rlCC

KOfo nOJl\Z.

14rarc,

optreuraullt{

aBTopoB

IIa no:JttaIItIc

crpyl(TypIIblx

cocraBnqIoIuLIx

B BblAe,rIeHHoNf

npcAN'leT€

ltayrlgs11"'

IIO.IIYIIIITIK)rlux

ce6e

efo

AhI{aNIuKy'

oT,rlrrqacT TaK

Ha3blBaelvlble

N{op(b9r'Iofi19€cl{I'18

IIOAXOAbI.

oprtellraqna

floltcl(

AIIIIaNIuqecKux

3aKOIIoB

opfallll3alllllt

IIcIlxIIllecltoii

)KII3Hll

cooT-

BeTCTBeHTTO

O't'JrltrraeT

Teopuu

llpyfolo

[ollxoAa.

c,roxHocrl,

o/IHaI{o, 3a-

K,'IK)TIACTCq

B TON{,

I{TO

NIETOAt,I

TCIIXOJIOfTIqECITOTO

HCC"TIEAOBAI]II'

IIE NIOTYT

(rltrt

oAtloenaqHo

pa3BeAeIIbI IIa

K:taccbl, cooTBeTcTByIouIt1e

Tol"I llnI{

lIIloIi

oprrerrTarlr{H

llcuxorofuqccKux

o6bqcHeHHii.

Ecrl ratc

cl]eulIaJ'IblIo

pa3-

pa6oral{rlble B

paNtKax roil lt,'tr{

llHoii

napaAI{rNII]I

N{e'roAbI

(HarlpllMep,

p.sA

ncr4xoarra,lrlrrr.llrecr(rrx),

TaK

LI O6lllrle

(uaupltuep, Te )Ke NleroAbl

IIa-

6,rrc,4errns r.r

axcrlepttMeHTa),

tto3tsoJlrJIouILIe

flpoBepsrl

fl]Ilore3bI

<<pa3-

Hoii o6'brcHIITeJILlIoii

opIteHTaIIlIII>>.

C lrop$o,rorl{qecKoii

fiapaAttrNIoIi

aBTopbI

BBeAeHHOii

AIrxoroN'IIIII

<<N,rop4)oJIOrI{qecKI{e-AI{HaN{ilqecKtle>

cB.q3bIBaJ'IU

pa3BIITIIe

AeflTe.rlbHO-

CTHOTO TIOAXOAa.

PaCCltOrpeHlIe

AetTerbllocilt

KaK oTHocuTeJ'Ibllo

IIHBa-

p14aHTlroii clrcreNrbl,

oIIlrca'f

b I{oropyru

N{o)I{Ho

pa3HbIX ypOtsHqX

(UorUna,

rle,'rrr,

yc.rroBrp'r ocyl{ecTBJle}lIr'I),

o6bc/IuHI4no

pa3HbIX ITCC,TIeAOBaTeJIeI'i,

paccMarprrBarorll{x

cBoii

npeANIeT

Lt3yqeHI{t{

B 3aAaHHOIYI

Cl'lCTeMe Karero-

p14i.i

rrpoueccva,lbHoro

ocyluecrBJrle

llll'|

(AelreasHocrb'

/'lciicrBIlc,

one-

paurrq, rf

yttt<t1uoHa,'IbIILlii

6,rox).

Hrrue

eAltHrlubl

aHaJII'I3a

tsbl.qe,rrllorct,

cor,IlacHo

A. Acuo,rony

rr B.

fler-

poBcr(orvry, rlpII

BbIIBU]KeIIIrI,l

AUUaNIUqeCKOji

napaAfirrlbl

B I{ccreAoBa-

HI{.SX

AegTenbIIOCTlI.

<.E4rtHrtqaltll, xapal{TePl'l3yloulllN{II

lIBll}KeHIle

Ca-

MoI"I

Aeqrenbl{ocrIr,

fB"r'l:;llorcfl

ycraFIoBI{a,

roHI{N{aer{at{

ltax

cra6n,'Irl3arop

Otparrlvcrtttri

canoua5-rrruaertnq

Aaror

uo3N{oxrtocttt latpttxcllpoBarb

Ilepe-

X6AII6lc

cocTotll,t11

c03ltaltt411.

IIo n tlc,'rolt

ottll

3aAaIoT Te

<<llctlx1qecxne

o6cpro-

nnr>

(opeo,nr,r),

xoroptre

KaI{

cxeNrbr

llcrcpNrurrrrpyrcT

.I{BlI)KeIlrc

I\rblcJI}I

B oiIPcIe-

.[c]tIIbIX IIalpaB,'ICIllltx

(Aa)Kc ccr'III

tlc-rloBeK

ga6bl.tt

tt:r:;eatltre

rpcANtcroB).

Aplylrerrrar{rrr{

rrpeBanlrpyrorrlcii

poJrrr

Korllurlrlonrrbrto-fcltertrqecKl4x

3aKo-

loB KaK cBr3:llrrrbrx

,1eiicrBtrcN{

itnHaNur(oli

cr{.[ u,'It{ co

crpyt{TyplIbIil{u llor]tpa3Ae-

,IeHUSJNII

IICllXIlKll,

llo lle cBo/'lllN{blx

K }lull,

oT.lilLla.rla

ncuIooHQJtumuuecKue

meo-

puu

meopun

nons K. /lennrta.

Orttaro

eAnttoii

napa4nrltoii

oHIt ]{e uorvr 6ltrl

oXtsir9€ttbt Il

cn,ry cyutecreettttoii

pa:JtutIthr B coAep)KarcJrbHoNI

Ilotlt4Ntaltttu

llcror{-

III{KOB

rI CV'|II

3TrlX CllJl, a TaK)Ke

N{eTOAOB

tICCJ'Ie/loBaIIllq.

().3.

EcrecreeHHo-HayLrHar

h ryMaHhrapHat

napaahrMbl

227

/ltlr4)Kellxq

B rlo,'Ie I{cxoAHOLI

CI,ITyaUUU

pa3BeprblBaHu-fl

Ae.qTeiIbHocTI{,

il rraAcrrryarvBHafl

aKrHBllocrb>

[Acnto,'ron,

2002, c.255].

Tarrrru

o5pa:olt,

ilcpexoA

or \.{opooJrofilqecKoii

rlapaAurMbl

AuHaMI,lqecKoii

paMI(ax

o6urero.4e.{TerbHocrHoro

IIoAXoAa

tl3Haqaer tr I'I3r{eHeHlle

cllcrertbl

llc-

IIo,'Ib3YEN{bIX

5AAOSITX

TIOH'{TIIJI, I,I

II3NIEIICIIUC B

IIOIII'INIAHI,IIl

PACKPbIBAC-

r\rbtx 3aKoHoMepl{ocTeli,

H l{3NIeHeIllle

B rlpIIHlrNIaeMbIx

nocTynaTax.

TaK,

(.ilocrynar

coo6pa3llocru>,

croqrllJri

3a rpll3rlaIIIIeNI

ue-rleBori

npnquH-

Irocrr{

perynrluHu

AeiicrBH.s,

Nto)Ker

BecrH 3a

co6ol:i B Teopulr

ral{He ro-

(.,'ICACTBIIf,

KAK NPII3HAHIIE

CTPEMJIEIIIIC

K IONIEOCTA3Y,

NPAIMATII3NI

IINH

r'('/loHrl3r{ B

peryntIlulr

Ae.gre,qbl{ocTlr.

B T() )Ke BpeN{.{

Ae.sTenbHocTb

]\Io-

xcr 6bITb IroH.sra

KaK

npe06pa3yloulas

aI{TI,IBHocrb,

Aeqre"rlbHocrb

<<caN{o-

lr:rMeH.rreMar'>

camonpuqLlHHas).

IJ,e,rl

uoNer

IIoHlrNlaTbcg

B KaqecTBe

llpuqHHbI,

a NIoxeT IIpeAcTaBaTb

nlllrlb

pe3y,'IbTllpyloUIIIN{

lvlol\lellToN'I

I r

pouecce

qeneo5pa3o

Barr]/.fl

Ha KoTopbIIi

Aefi

cTByIor

pa3nl'ItIIIbIN{ OSpa-

:loM

BHeUIHlle,

BHyTpeHHI4e

VC,'IOBII'I,

a f"llaBHoe

ABIlrn{eHlte

caNIOji

Jes-

r'c,rrbHocrrr.

AxrnsHocrl,

B cBoIo

oqepeAb,

N{o)Ker 6btrl

noHqra KaI{

OALIH

rr:l r\{oMerrToB

pa3BepTbIBaHu.q

Aeflre-rrbHocTHbIX

cTpyKTyp,

Ho Mo}Ker

Iil,tcTyrlt{Tb

B KarlecTBe

LI35bITO.rHOrO

MOI\IeHTa

11peoAoJ'IeHIlg

cuTyaTllB-

r,r

o rparrr{rIeHuii

[r aAalrI{B

Hb]x no

6yr{AeII Hti.

Tarrlu

oSpa3oN{, il3MeHeHuq

npeANrere II MeroAax

I't3yqeHnlr

Aetre,'Ib-

ilocTu

rrosBoJ'I_qIoT

IOBOpTITb

pa3"lllIqlJrIX B IIapallu[N{ax

KaI{ IlCC,rIeAOBaTenb-

('t(Hx

IIOAXOAaX.

14 [pO[HCKa

nOA 3Ha\{CHa\lfi

Ae.[Te,'lbHocTIIoIl

llnlr I{HoIi

(.opwl

elue He

o3HarlaeT cnoco6

peaxrl3aui{ll

AegTe"rlbHocrTlIolo

IloAXoAa

rt ltcI{xo,lOrnII.

3. EcrecrBeHHo-Hayq

Hat

MaHurapHaq

napaax

rMbl

t).3.1.

OpneHrauNs

KnaccttqecKyto

Kaprlrlly

Mhpa

llr,rseAengr'te

B 3aroJloBoK

napafpaq)a

Ha3BaH14rr

napaAIIrN{

ltcroJ'Ib3vlorcs

('oBep[IeHHo

pa3HbIX 3HaqeHIrqX.

flyratlitua

Bo3lruxaer

B ocHol]lloN{

rlo-

{)l\fy,

rITo

Bo rJIaBy

yr,'Ia

craBLITctr

il160

NIeroA l,I3yqeHuq,

ru60

cllequon-

Ir;l

llpe{NI€T?.

(

)urtqlrre,rrHble

oco6eHH

ocru ztJ'vanrumapHau

napaAuz.tttbt

6lr,ltt

ttoAlrro-

/r(('rr,r

19BB r. I13pau,'tbcl{uun

rlcuxo,Iloraxtlt

Eap-Ta.n

u Y.

6ap-Ta,r c,'re-

/rylorqlrM

oSpaaou

IIOpeeHv,

2005].

B nepeyrc

oqepeAb 3ro

orxa3 or Kynbra

,rl\tlltlPl,IqecKUX MeTOAoB

U CB.q3bIBaHUrI

IplIl]HaI{a

HayqHocTh

To,'IIrIto

c rle-

prrrlrrrrllrpyeuocrblo

3HaHut,

r. e. aro ot Ka3

or cyxellurt

Kpl{'teplleB

Hayqllo-

r )

Ntc]'oAa. llocrpoeuue

HayqHoro

3Hal{IIq

ToJIbKo IIa

ocHOBe ]rI{AyK'l'IIBHoii

rtllilrrflt

Henpllelvl'Ieui'tii

A,rg

l]cllxororuqecKoro

Ha6]'IIoAeHrq

xptrrepnii

L-rb.

228

lnasa

ahrMbl

ahxoToMtlh

B nchxonorhh

nocTpoeHl4.g

Teopllll,

npoTIIB

KoTOpOTO

BbICTy[aroT

cTopoHHI{KI{

ryMaHI4Tap-

Hori

napa4uruu

(4o6aeuu,

rlro

nMeHHo

IIporI{B

sroro

BblcTynal

lt K.

llon-

nep).

Aa,'Iee

o6cyxAalorcs

c,'IeAylolqlre

npI'I3lIaKI{:

J'ICTAJILI3AUHS

IIHTYIIU}IH

H 3APABOTO

CMbIC,'IA

HAYqHOM

HCCJIEAOBAHHI{;

Bo3MoxHocrH

IIITIpoKUX

o6o6uleHuii

ocHoBe

aIIaJ'II{3a

l,'}l4trBrltry-

a./IbHbIX

CnyqaeB;

ear{rlcTBo

BO3AefiCTBUg

n3yr{ae\{yrc

pezlnbHocTL

ee uccJ'leAoBaHl{t;

Bo3BpaT

I,I3ytIeHI{Io

IIeJIocTHocTI{

,IIuqHocTH

B ee

<<XI,I3HeHHOM

KoH-

TeKCTe

(

npu

4oullurIpoBaHHn

Te,Ieo.rlof

t{r{HocTH

ncI{xoJIorurIecKo-

ro o6bqcIIeHus).

raxou

npeAcTaBJ'IeHnr,I

IyMaHUTapuofi

napa4ufMbl

IIpoc,IIexI{BaeTcg

opuerlTarlr4rl

o[peAeJreHHyro

Kaprr.rHy

Nr6pa

qer'roBe6a

B HeM.

BI{AHa

HaUeJIeHHocTb

C6nuXeHI{e

flCyxo,'IorllqecKoii

[paKTI{Koit

npeoAoJ]e-

HLIe

MeToAonorUH

II93;4TLIBII3Ma

HayqHoNI

IIccJ'IeAoBaHH17..Huc

9AHI{M

II3

DTI4X

IIpIIHqI{IOB

cerOAH.g

CTaHeT

cIIopI{Tb

CoBpeMeHHbIiI

[CHXo,'Ior'

paMK;x KaKoii

6rt urrolrt

oH HI{

OopNtyJ'II{poBa,'I

cBoll IHIIoTe3bI.

Pacuru-

peHI{e no,,Iq

Bo3NlorrHbIX

IIIIIoTe3

KaK HayqHbIX

paNIKaX ryMaHIITapHoIT

rta-

paAr{rMbr

BoT Tor

cy[IecTBeHHbII?

MqNIeI{T,

MllMo

KoToporo

1rpoxoAflT

aB-

ropbr,

npu3brBaroxlrre

BepHyTb

Au,'IbTeeBcKlIe

KpHrepufi

(IIanoMHI4M'

UMeHHo

38CHO

TI{TIOTE3

6bUIO

AJIS

HEIO

HETIPIICMJICMbIM).

pauxax ecmecmseHHo-HaaqHoil

napaArIIMbr

TaKXe

HeT

IIepBeHCTBa

Tex

HJII{

HHbIX

IIIKOJ'I,

HECOMHCHHO

C'TIEAOBAHI{E

KPUTCPilqN{'

CBq3AHHbIN{

pear,Ig3aq11efi

axcneplrnreHTa,,IbHof

o MeToAa

r{ o11peAeneHHofi

KJIaCCUqe-

cKori

KaprIrHbI

MIIPa.

BaxHo

raKxe

yqurblBarb'

rrro

ecrecrBeHHo-Hayr{Hag

napaAutMa

KaK Ha-

rrpaBJreHrre,3aAaIoUIee

ocIIoBbI

oTHoIueHl'ItI

K IIcnxo,'IoIHqecKoMy

Qaxry

rtcI{xoJIoIHqecKoMy

o6T,scHeHnIo

pa3BI'ITI{}1 cal\{bIX

pa3HbIx

ttcIlXoJIorl{-

IICCKHX

TCOPHII,

CEIOAHS

CYUICCTBYET,

OTHIOAb

B TCX

NOAXOAAX'

c KoTopbIMII

CB.fl3bIBaJIOCb

Ha3BaHI4e

<<eCTecTBeHHO-Hayr{Hag

IIcuxo.iloII{q>>

HaqaJ'Ia

n.,

KorAa

B OcHoBy

ncLIXoJIoIHTIeCKI{X

3aKoHoMepllocTeii

rro-

J'Ialanlrtcb

cHaqala

MexaHItcTI4qeCKI{e,

3aTeM

6HonolllqecKue

I{, HaKoHeU'

$Uano;rorUVecK1e

MeXaHU3MbI.

conpelteHHblx

l{cc.IIeAoBaHIIflX

noHCIt

TaKr4X

MeXaHLI3M9B

CoCpe.(OTor{eH

B Ha11paB71eHfi.sX

nc14XSOH3HoJIoIUn'

pa3pa6aTbrBaIolUUX

MeTOAoJIOIUqecKyIo

cxeMy

<<qeJ'IoBeK

MoAe,rIb

Heit-

poH>

[CoKoroB,

2004],

HefiponcHxoJloruu

I{ B

p.{Ae

Apyrux

HarlpaBne-

Hllii,

6aaupyrculHxc{

pacKpbrrHr{ I]pr{HurIIIoB

ecrecrBeHHo-HayqHoro

o6tgCHenug.

ucXoAHoM

BapI{aHTe

TaKag

IIcHXoIorU.s

TeCHo

cBs3aHa

peanr{3aur{eii

3Kc[epuMeHTa,irr,Horo

MeToAa.

Ho sa

[poueAlxHii

BeK

oco6eHllo

flocJle

c]TaA]IIr

orKpblToro

KpI43IIca

rlct{xoJlorl{u

cJIoiI(IrJIHcb

9.3. EcrecreeHHo-HayqHat

il ryMaHHTapHat

napaahrMbl

I{ MHOTI,Ie

Apyr[e

npI{HIIH[bI

ICI4XOJIOTUqeCKOTO

O6r's,Cmerung,

IeqTe,'IbHo-

CTHOM,

r(ynbTypHo-I4cTopuqecKoM,

KorHI'ITIIBHOM

TIOAXO.4aX U T.4.,

OTHOCI{-

'reJrbHo

Koropbrx

6u.lo

6lt

oxrH6Koit orox,(ecrBJleHI{e

HX c ecrecrBeHHo-Ha-

)

{Hoia

ilapaAr{rMoii.

TeoperuuecKrle

ocHoBbI

rlct{xo,'Iorllr{ecxtlx

o6bqcHeHllit

B CoAepxaTenbHoii

qacTl{

r,'IaHHpoBaIIH.fl

nccne,4oBaHlrit

u uHrepnpeTauuu

MoryT

6bITb He cBg3aHHbIMI{

[plIHsTHeM

ecrecTBeHHo-Hayr{Horo

(K"rlac-

cHqecKoto)

TIpHHIIII[a.(erepMI'IHaUHu.flpn

3KcIIepI{MeHrlrpoBaHHIl

c I{HM

cB{3aH

rrpr{ HuI{n

Qoplta,r

lHoro TIJIaH

I{pOBaHHs

HCcJIeAoBaHu.fl .

oAHaKo

3KCllepr.rMeHraJrbHblii

MeToA

o6ggare,'Iluo IIpeAnoJIaraeT

rlpopblBbI

s o6o6'

UeHHsx

(ua

nyru

Teopnlr

K 31\{[upnqecKofi

npoBepKe

rl{[ore3 I{

3areN{

o6parno).

I,I

xors coAepxareJlbHoe

Sopua,rrHoe

rlr'laHI'IpoBaHne

ncuxo-

JIOTUqeCKOTO

rlCC,IIeAOBaHIrs

He MOryT

MbICJIHTbC.g

KaK a6CO,'IrcTHO

aBTO-

HOMHbIe

3Tarlbr, I{C[O,'rb3OBaHIIe

sKCTIepIIMeHTaJIbHbIX

CXeM

B C[OCO6aX

C6O-

AaHHbIx

o3Har{aeT JII{IXb

nPI{}ItrI{e

f H[oTerI{Ko-AeAyKTHBHOfi

,'IOTUKH

MeroAa, Ho

He npHHgrblx

B ecTecrBellHbIX

l{ayKax

(ll

nelteHlnuHXCq)

Irpr{HIIr{IIoB

TIoHLIMaHI{.fl

AeTepMI{HIr3Ma.

ucr,rn.IeuHeM

6HXeBIIopI43Ma,

[pHHqtsurero

co3Hare,'IbHo

rI03]rrHBr{cr-

cKylo

ycraHoBKy Ha raKylo opfaHl{3allllrc

ilccJIeAOBaHH.{,

rAe IICUXI'IKa

IIO-

rpyxa"'Iacb

B MeTaoopy

<<qepHoro

guIlIKa>,

ocTa,'IbHble

Ilcltxonof

[qecKIIe

tuKoJlbl

ylxeAlxero

BeKa

craBH,'Ifi

3aAaqy

Irr{eHHo

meopemuuecKux

ncu)co-

ttozul4ecKux

peKoH7mpgKt4uti u3yq.aeMoii

pea,tr,Hocru. flcuxo,'Ioruq,

-flB-

r.rrBura.{c"q

HayKoft

[oBeAeHI{l{

(n,ru o

AyIUe

paccMoTpeHHbIX BbIIrIe

Bapr4aHrax

onucaTeJ'IbHofi

IIaPaAurlubI

6bula HayKoit

o llcuxo,{oruqecKIIX

.rIB.[eHUgX U

npoueccax,

B I(aKI'IX

6r,t reOperuvecKl'Ix

6a3oBbIX KaTerOpU.f,X

oHa HI{ 3aAaBaJra

CBOfi

[peAMer.

TepMuH

x{e

<<ecrecrBeHHo-HayqHas>

Mof

6rrtrr upuueHeH

K JIIo6oMy

HarrpaB,IIeH

HIo, ucrloJIb3yloureMy

3Kc[ePIlMeH

'rzLnbHbrfi

MeToA.

Kax nrlt rIoKa3a,'II{

paHee, 3Tor MeroA

AeiicrBl'ITeirbHo,

oAHOfi

CTOpOHbI, [peAnOJIaraJl

TIOCTpOeHI{e

TCUXOJIOTI4TIeCKOTO

3HaHn.g [O

KJraccHqecKoMy

o6pa3qy

HayKl{ Hosoro

BpeMeHH

c ero [peAcraBJ'IeHI{SMI{

Kay3aJlbHocrn.

Apyrofi

cTopoHbl,

paMKax caMoit nclIXoJ'IorHI{

pa3BI{-

BaJIIICb

COBep[IeHHO

HHbIe [pe.4CTaBJ'IeHUt

AeTepMI{HaUIIU

[pIIMeHHTeJIb-

K IICI4XOJIOIHIICCKOfi

PCTY,'IflUI,IU,

qCM

TC, KOTOPbIE

MOIJII4

ATIC,II,'IIIPOBATb

K TeM

I,IJIII UHbIM eCTeCTBeHHbIM

HayKaM.

r{e,roser

craJl rloHl{Marbcq

KaK

cynlecrBo KyJ'rbrypHoe

II B sToM

CMbICJTe

HCKyCCTBeHHOe.

cooTHeceHHe

r(yJrbTypHoii

coul4a,'IbHofr

Aerepnttlnaql{u

qBHo

He MoxeT rlpollcxoAHTb

paMKax

TOJIbKO

eCTeCTBeHHO-HayqHbIX

oCHOB IICUXOJIOTI4I{.

Br,rcrpaAan

ue npocro [pI{MeHI4B

KaK

3aAaHHblii

rzanHe) MeroA

3Kc-

ilcpHMeHTaJIbHOIO

ICCJIeAOBaHII.fl,

tICUXO.rIorI/I.S

peaJlI{3oBbIBaJIa CXeMbI

TaK

ila3bIBaeMOro

HoBoeBpolleftcKoro

MbIIIIJ'IeHH.'I,

npe,4rlo'llararcune

peaJlI{3a-

ITHIO B

aTofi cBoell upaxTl{qecKoft

AesTenbHocTI{

KJIacclIqecKl{X I{.4eaJIoB

)'rq

14,-

230

lnaea 9. flapaanruut

LVXoroMrl,A B nchxolorhh

paur4oHa/'rbrrocTil.

I{o

p.{Ay

:IT]{NI

ficuxoJ'rofurr

cpa3y

)r{e cToJrKHy"{acb

c rlpo6JIeN,Iaun cnetlilrptuflt ycraHoB.reHIlg

[cuxoJ'IoflrriecKoro

3aKoHa I{

IIclIxo"rtolrrqecKori

nIITepIlpeTarlII]t

IIplIqLli{HocTI,t.

,IIofIIKa rr.lIIoTeT}II{O-Ae-

AyKTrrtsHOfO

BbtBOAa tsr,rrJ-r.qILIT

IIpI'I STONr O5UIeti

KaK OCHOBa

SKCIreprr-

N{cIITa-rbrloro

rrbrtrlJ'IeIIIITI B

paNrr{ax

pa3IIbIX

HayKl.

grcl

o6uHocrl

,rc_rru-

qecKIl

I{ONIIIeTeHTHOfO paCCy}KAeHIr.q,

a IIe IIpltBHeCCrrIIg

B CBOr"l

[peaNteT

ecrecrtseHHo-uayvtroii

(aprnllrrr

MHpa Il.ln ero 3axotIoB.

Vtrarxcnr

B KaqecrBe nprrNrcpa

Ha raxoro aBTopa,

xax

K.,IIennrr, iroropr,ui

co3llaTe,'ibHo

cTpoHn [oHqTr{c IIcrrxoJ'tof lrrjecKofo

3aKoHa

I]o

npI{IIqutly

KJ-IaCCII{CCKOIO

IIOHUNTaHU,q

[pIIq],IHItOCTrr rI

OnIIpanCJ{ Ha

KJ'IaCCIIqeCKrrC

3aI{oHbI

Jlorrrr{r,r

(nprrueu

ero 5lr,rrr tfopuu

[{brru-rrerrr.u{, pacnpr,]Tbre

ApHc-

TOTeJ'IeNI,

ec"qlI

yqIITbIBaTb,

KTO 3I{cflnuqrlpoBaJI

"lorllrIecKIIe

CI,lJl,Torll3N{bI,

qacrrrocur

14Tor modus

tollens, xoropr,rii

or{a3aJ'rc.fl ocrroBoii

Aor(a3areJ'rr,-

crBa or rrporuBHoI'o

xax cnequcfllKr

oricrrcplIMetITarbHol"r

npoBepKI{

Teo-

pcruqecrux

runorc:r).

Cucrelra

rranpxxeuuii

r(ar crr.ltbi

roJt.s cranr.r

A,rr:t

Hero yAo6uorl

lreratlopoii,

aro

oruroAb He o3HarlaJro,

qlo

B KaqecrBe

IlpeAN,rera

H3yr{eHu.s on

l\IblcJlllr

Qrrsrtxa,tttctcKu

rtoH.qrylo peanbHocrb.

flcnxo,ronr.r€cKoc

rror€

auc[eprrNrerrrax

[rKo,irbt

K. ,llennna

aro Boc-

co3Aatrlle

)Ki{3I{eHHOrO

[pOCTpaHCTBa,

npeAIIOJIaIaK]rIIee,

KaK IIOTOM

3TO

6rr-uo

yAavrro

ua3BaHo, <<ricr{xo,'rorlrqecrrrfi

Tearp>>. LI s

nolsr:nrr Ktsa3rr-

norpc6rrocrrr

KaK

6aaoeot'o rroHerrrq

oroii trrKonbr

Melree Bcero

rpeA-

craBJ'rerro

Qnsuxa,rncrcxoe

rrolrrrNrarrure

trpeANrera

n3yqeHUrr.

Taxulr

o6pasolr,,IIest'rrr

e ceoeii Korruerur.rr,r

peaJ'rrr3oBbrBa,rr

roJrbKo

orxlroro

ypoBHr{

N.tbrcJ'urre,rrL,HbIe

onepaullrr,

eMy He"rtb3s frpuru{carb oco5uii

TI,In Nrbrrr"terrr'rr

c roqxtr

3peHrrr lpeBa-rrrrpoBauuq

roi.i u,rrr

rrrroli naprr.rHbr

N{upa.

KaK lro6oii eBponcell

orr rrcfloJib3yer

B cBoer,r ilrbrlrncHrrr{

cIJl,Tro-

[I,I3IIbI, LI3BeCTItbIe

)/i'I{e

]KI{T€]'ISnt

oiinVrrleHtI. KaK aBTOp IroH.qTI,t"g

I{oHAIr-

UIIOHaJTbHO

-teI{eTIlqecKoIo

3aKoHa, oH peaJ'II13oBa,rI

KJlacc

t{llecxttii H4ea,r

paullorranbHocrr,r

B KapruHe

\'rtrpa, rrecor.{HeHHo c-re4yrcqefi

o6paarlau

ec-

TecrBeHHo-rrayvHoii

flapaAurr{br

c]rroco5ax

flocrpoeuu.q

riayr{Horo 3Ha-

nrrg.

Kax ttcuxoJlof,

BblAenr4Brxufi

e xaqecrse IIpeAN{era

[3yqeHr4.q Nrexa-

Hu3rrLr

frorpe6HocrHo-MornBauuouHoir

peryJr.quHu

rroBeAer{n.q

J'ruqHocrr4,

Aa)I(e

c o6nexrartu

B ncuxoJTorr{qecKoM

no,re

pa5ora-r

KaK c caN.IoABI{-

?KyrulrNrucq (Hancrpevy

cy6r'exry),

T. e. Bx,rtrcr{HBtxHivrrr <<KoncraHTy>

co-

cro.qBuetoc.a

B3aI,IN,IoAeI?crnna

(coorBercrBeHHo

Bo3IIIrKJIII cunbI

non.a).

A eto yxe

e,relreHt

HeKJ'raccrlqect<oii

xapruHr,r Mupa.

Tarc,

s Ilcropl{rI xax cyry6o

rl,ltaHttrapttot'i

/II4cIInIIJ'IuI{e

raxxc

(rbl-'r

npeliroxeg

IIpUIIIll,tn paccyxgcHrlq

or rlporrrB]rofo,

rocraBJeHHttii

trasgattull

crarbl <.3a arc-

lreprrNreHTarbHyn,

tr.lilt BeccJ'rytrl

rrcropr.tro>>

(Pucn.

HeonpeAe,'reHHocrb.

C,ryuari-

rrocrr,: A;rlr'rarrax.

1991r.

Nb 5).

().

3. EcrecreeHHo-Hayq

Har h ryMaHZTapHar napaah

rN.1l,l

9.3.2.

[l cNxonorrqecKhe o6rscHeuNs

h 3KcnepHMeHT:rAbHbt

i Meroa

B ncl.rxo,torun

I.tcc"rIeAoBareJrbcI{He ttapar'IIIfN{bt

qacro

coeAIrII.snrI

tIpeAcraB-

./reHrJl o rrper'INrcre

tr N{eroAe uccJr€;ioBaHtra.

tr{trreplIperaurr.q at\rtrrrp}rqe-

crct ycrallaB.rtltBzicllbtx

3aBIICIIltocreii

npolc:xoAuna

npl{ aro\,r

coo'fBer-

('TBCluro

lrou(rl))r{Tit}t

IlcHXo.lofl'tt'('tioii f('oplut,

o,tttoii

c[ol)onbl,

II B

r{orITer{c'te npcrrNryulccrBerrrro

lrcfloirb3yctrbrx

r\reroi'IoB

1pyrorYr.

}Kc-

rreptlN{etlTa.rlulrii

rteroA

cra.rt

IlbrIIo-{n-qrL

Tel{ caN{bINI rpyHxllttto

Aocrarorl-

rro cloplrairr,rroro

lllrc'r'pyrreHTa,

cpaBrrrrrenbrro rre3aBrlcur{oro

or reoperlr-

,rccrcolj

nlarrpoptltlr rol'o II.ltlt llrofo

IIanpaBnefltrq

B IlcuxoJ'Iot-l.rn.

3ro

rrp.rlNro Bbrpiullr.locb

paapa5orxax

ocrroB

rr,'rarrrrpoBaHrrs

rcuxo,'ron4qe-

(:rrofo

or{crtcprrNrerrra

KaK o50cHol]aHrrr [peul{yrlec]TB

Tex rrJ'rr.r

u}IbIx

(bop-

Nla,IIbI{blx cxerr

3ltcilepu},1eIITa,rIbItbtx

ll-[arroB.

flptt aroru a rtcnepltr{eHTa-rrbH br r"r

},IeroA B

pal{

I{ax l(J'Iaccllqecxoro

6ltxe-

IrIIOpt13r\ra rroc.rrcAoBaTe"rlbIIo pea"rtil::iollbrBitr'r

flo3IITIIBI,tcTCKyTO

yCTaHOBKy

(a uc

vcrarroBny KprrrlrqecKoro

pea-nr13lra,

coo'ruercrByroruyro

oKcrreputrerr-

'r':r,rltroii

flapaAlr]\rc

rrprJ npo],epxe reoperrrqecrrrx

rrlrrores).

Bcc nre

Apy-

llle IIcllx0.'l()1il't('clfllc

tul{o.1},t llcIlo.'1l,ir0l3il.'l IlSltcIcl)ilNtettllr.tuttUt"t

NleToJ

rleJrr{rrr.r rrzrr16o,ree

crporrrx nclrxo"'-rorurrtecKnx pcKorrcrpyxultii

HeHa6J'rro-

/laeNoii

ncI | \(

roIr I

rtcc

trofi

pca,r

t,tIocTI I.

O4naxo

parpa6orxa

rrpoSreu cfopua.,.rr,rroro

nJranlrpoBarrrrrr

gKcneprl-

NteIITa IIe lIIlBe",rr.rpotsa.la crcqttrf.rrrKlr

ncnxo"rlofiir{ecKnx

IrKo,rI B

cnoco(rax

ollepalil'IOII:l,4Il3ilt[ltIl

IIepeNleI{l]l,Ix

tl l{c-IOCTIIOIO IIOCTpoeIIrl.q

3KCIlepLlNIeH-

il,,-IbHbIX nto4eleri, cyuecTBeHIio orr'IIrYoK)It{uxc'I

B t'etrlTar'IbTrlcuxoJ'tof

tflI,

r(ofllIITrlBlloii ttcttxo-rtot-iill, r{yJ'lbTyprro-ucToprrqecnoir

ncrrxolofilll

rr T.

lloarolry yrBepx/Ierrrre,

qro

-rrio6a.q

rlrr(o,rra, trcrroJrb3yrcrrlas

R ctsoeu apce-

l t a-rre 3ncIIcpulrerrTaJrbl

rbrii MeroA, nplr lil r

lraeT ecTecTBerrlIo-rrayvlltr

no-

l)a/llIfr\{y,

trBJrsc't'cfl B nopHe HeBepHr,rNr.

MeroA narc cnoco5

c6opa

4arrur,rx

/lHr{r}'er

nprrrrr{Tr're o5r,,.:rcrilrterrbHbrx rrprrrr{rrrroB

ToJlbno ilprr\,reHr.lrerbrlo

r( JIof nr(e

t{ayla.tbltofo BbtBoAa o6 rrtrntlllt,tc('Ktt ycranag,'IlluaeMoii

raen-

(.IIN,IOCTII,

HO }IIIKA]T IIC [O OTITOII]CIIIIrc I(

COACDiKATE"IIbHbI}'I

OCHOBAIII{,SX{

r |

lIXoJrorrlrlecKOro o(rlgcueiilt-q.

flcperroc aKueHTa c r4cIlo-rrb3yer,roro

r\reroAa Ha o6T,.qcHr.rreJrbHbre

nprrn-

rtrtubl,

Ito'foprrre

gtco6r,t

c IIIIr\{ Ilepa3pbrBno cBg3aHLI,

[opoAlIJI

cltop o IIpo-

ililtopeq11il

Itc2r(^y ccTccTBcrilro-rravqrroii ilapa414fl\toir

ilctlxo,rlofrrH H

/l.l)yIIIIuII

[CIlXor'lol'LI9ecKuNII{

IIoAXoAaN{I{, B nepBylo oqepeAb

paNIKaX

ryrranucrr.Ir{ecnoii

[cnxo,rrorlllr. Bt,tuc

MbI

yr{e

orNleqaJ'Iu

lepBylo

lluc-

riy(:cr,rK)

o coorIIOttletIIJIr orucare,rlrtoi.r lr o6r'gcnure.alHori

ttclIXo,rort{tl.

l l:nrerreslre

orHorrrcHrrq

K rrayqHoir reollurr rrpocnelxr.rBaercrr

B coBper\{err-

lr{rNr ul)ollttonoct'aB.

l('l!llt 1l('nxo.'lol llt arcr.lcNr

nrrcctcoii rr npat<tu.tecxoi.i.

231

tb--

232

l,raea

9. l*la

fMbt

AhxoToMAt4

B tr.CAXOAO|

t4r1

tpolneva

aAeKBarHocrl{

r{eroAa

BHotsb

craHoBr,rrc.s

oaHoii

rI3

ocHoB-

HbIX

IIJ'rr

perueHrrs

Bonpoca

Bo3r,to)Knocr.flx

Hayr{Hoii

rtclrxolorHrl.

oco6unl

o6paeou

5rr,r

rocraa,'reH

Bonpoc

o Bo3Molxrro

crl

o6oeKmueuozo

t\teroAa

poccrrricxoii

rrcrrxolour.recxoii

Ha\rt(e

B 1950-e

rr. Ha

reqaJ'rblro

sualreHutoii

nanaoscKoii

ceccrllr

rrcrrxo,rrofon

norpe5onaJllr

crpororo

cJIeAOBaHrrr

o6beKrusrroN{y

N{eroAy,

r{To

o3Haqano,

Bo-IlepBbrx,

rrepeiirn

o6lexrlrnllpoBarlHbll{

ncnxorlrletroJ'rofur{ecKLIN{

noKa3areJ'rrN{

Ir, Bo-tsTopbrx,

ofpaHrqrrrbcr

crpyrflypoti

nctrxo$n3rro"rlorlrqecKor.o

3r(crepr{treHTa

H co-

orBercrByrorrrr\.r

rrrrro\.{

o6r'scueurr.q

(uanouuulr,

qro

14.

flas,'ron

urrpa$o-

BaTI

COTpyAHIil{OB

HCIOJIb3OBaHLIe

[CI{XOnOrI{qecKI4x

repMIII{OB

n O5tgc-

HerrHqx

cBq3r'r

Me)KAy

crr{N,ryJroN{

pearqr.reii

opraHnslra).

nporunonec

aroMy

6. M.

Ten,rosbnr

6lr,'ro

o5ocrroBalro

npaBo

ncrrxo!,rorurH

lre reparl

caoii

rIpeAr,{er

u trcrror'rb3oBarb

I]prr

erolr

cnoco6br

KprrrnqecKoii

nponepxu

ncu-

xor'IofltgecKl{x

rnrlore3,

a He

arIe,4J'IIIpOIlarb

x o6r,exrugnpyeMblM

IIOKa3a-

rej'rqM

KaK

r(purepr.rrc

rrayqrrocru

n o6nexruBHocru

[Terr,ron,

1gB5].

co-

orBercrBlre

(penpeaelrrarIeHocrl)

norasare,reii

calroor.lera

(<<rroAyMar>,

<<BCfIOrUHrr,rr,>,

<<rloqyBcrBoBa-rl>>

I{ r.

4.)

CO;lepXaIII{Xl

npoBepxentoii

rHIIore-

3bI'

cooTBeTCTBI{e

cTpyl{Typbl

lICcJIeAoBaHlI.g

ero

Uex.ttNI

BoT

Te ocHoBa-

rrr4.s,

IIo

l(oropbrN{

N,tO)KHO,

COrJ'racHo

Ten,rony,

cynwtn

o6texrunrrocrl{

tr3-

yqeHil.s

cy6rexrrrnHoii

pea,rr,uocrrr

B lcrrxoJlorr{r{ecr(o\{

rrccJ'renoBaHurr.

1990-e

rr. B

orer{ecrseHHoii

}ray*e

elr-loco$un

craplrii

crop

o Bo3-

l\.{oxHocrjrx

lvreroAa

Bo3porvnc.'B

parlKax[rrcKyccun

o coorHolueHI,rr.r

ecrecr-

ReHHo-HayqHoii

r.r

ryuaHuraprroii

rlapirAr.rf]\,rbr

[|Ic[xororrrn

n rronl,re...,

1gg3].

C o4Hoi;i

cropotibr,

orpa3r{n

u3N{etreHLre

Kp}lfeplreB

Hayr{Hocrlr

B r]oHr{-

N{AHUH

NCI,IXO,'IOTI,IqCCKUX

METOAOB

I,T

O6bqCUHTC,'IbHbIX

IIPI{HIIUIIOB.

ATOU

c,ileAyer

Br,rAerb

ero

rro3rlTllBUr,rrl

rua4

n perp,rexcrrn

ocHoB

rrcrlxoJ'rorn-

qecroro

I{cc"rre/IoBaHrrx.

4pyrori

cropo}rbr,

xapaKTepr.r3oBarc.q

rrerarnB_

HbIN{

NPOTIIBOIIOCTABJIE}IIICN{

3I(C[CPIIT,ICHTANbHOMY

N{ETOAY

APY|OIO

TIYTH

NCHXOJIOII,IqCCKOMY

3HAHI,IK)

IIYTI,I

NCHXONPAI{TIIK

I,ICTO,rIb3OBAHHq.q3bl-

KOB

OrII{CaHl,tq.

oT sKCileplIMerrl'a

KaK

rrplt3lraKa

ecrecrBeH}ro-uayvnoit

na-

paAI'IrNIbI

llpelnaraJlocb

oTKa3aTbcq,

flcl,Ixor'tofl{qecl(i{e

reopl{I{

craJrlr{ pac-

cNlaTpI{BaTbc.{

KaK pyAnMeHT'

Car{o

)Ke

TeopeTI,IqecKoe

3}IaHI,Ie

IIcLIXoJIornu

IIOqeMy-TO

OKa3a,'IOCb

CB.S3aHlrbrN{

c N.rapKepoNl

<<ecTecTBeHHO_HayrrHoro>.

9.3.3.

MN$ul

o ecrecrBeHHo-HayqHoM

ryMaHHrapHoM

MbtuAeHHh

H peanbHocrb

ryMaHhrapHoI

napaahrMbl

cnegyrorqnii

acrreKT

roHuN{aHlrq

ecrecrBeHHo-uayuuofi

[apaArIrMbr

ilpr-

MO cBr3aH

c rrpllH.rrrr{eM

u.{€n,

q1s

pa6orarcqlre

paMKax

r.tccJ'reAoBare-

,'Il{,

ItctIoJIL,3YIOUne

sKcrrepr.rMeHTaJ'IbHbrl"t

MeToA

AJ'I.q

[poBepKH

rrcuxo,rro_

fHqecKux

fl.lrlore3,

peaJIII3yIOT

OCO6Oe

ecrecrBeHHO-flzyqgo"

MbItuJreHrIe.

EcrecreeHFro-HayqHar

H ryMaHhrapHar

napaahrMbl

233

l)ra

nosHun.s.{erKo 6rt,'ra

npeAcraBneHa B

Arrcxyccuu,

cocroanuteiicr{ B

paM-

rcax rpH,roco(rcroro

KpyrJ'roro

croJ'ra s 1993 r. lr craeueii

3ar.rerHblN{ co6r,r-

'il.teNI

B II3N{eHeHIIqX IIOHUMaIIUS

KpHTep[eB Hzyqgoattt

B ItcuxoJIoIIlI

lflcuxo"uorlrrr

u HoBbre...,

1993]. Ho o

paur<ax

roii xe

Ancnyccrlr

lrpo3By-

traru

H no,'ro)KeHr{s o flpeBanupynrqeii polu

reoper[r{ecKoto

troAxoAa K

rrpeAMery H3yrreHuq

(cnoco6a

rrcuxororr{qecKt{x

peKoHcrpyxqnfi

yqurbr-

rranuux

re r,rJ'rrr r,rHbre MeroAoJ'Iorr{qecKr,re

rlAen B orHolreHHn

$opu

6u-

'rt,r.q

[crxuqecroro),

nr,r6opy npo6,relr rr

Ilcl,rxor'Iofr,rqecKrrx KOAoB

(noan-

tlu.q

B. fI. 3urt.renxo). Talr xe 6lr,ra cQopuy,rupoBaHa

rro3rrrln{,

qro

Her

octtosattl{ii

A,[J{

nocryJ,ILIpoBaIIug

Kattol'o-To

Ll}toro N{bIIIIrrIeHr4g.

lJlg.

ncr-

xo,rlofoB, rrarleJ'rerrHr,rx

pa6ory

paNrKax

ryNraHnrapHoii napa4urruu

(no-

:Irrurlx

H. tr4. KyeHeuonoii).

llocle4ytclulrli

xparrclrit o6aop

pa4a

nnrcrynleuui.i Ba)KeH, Ha

Harr B3r,rr.rrA,

cBfl3LI c reM,

rrro

ony6,rnxonalIIIble

<.Bottpocax

$n"rroco{rr.rr.r>>

Tor{ttt{ 3pe-

lll,lg

He IIO,'Iyqa-4Il

AocTaTor{Horo

rleTKoro

rI3,'Io){teHH.q

B eTIIIIIION{ npOCTpaH-

('TBe

3arpoHyrr,tx npo6"rrell,

xorq rI He

pa3

lr3J'raraJrrrcb aBTopaMr{

orAeJrbHo.

B. lI.

3nH.reHKo

rroJrroxr{Te,'rbrro

orBerlr,{ Ha Boflpoc

3apoxAe]rr.rtr

ryNta-

tturapuoii [apaAIIIMLI

B orerrecrBeHHol"r

rctlxo,rlorut{, orHec.g ee x ararly fiep-

turit ruxo,rlt

(xar

nepnoii .rrro6nH)

runo-rrbr

Burorcxoro, a raK)Ke K trAee

('r.{MBoJIbHofo

onocpeAcrBoBaHfiq

nepexoAoB y

lI. A.

(D;ropeucxoro.

pa6o-

'lax

6. M. Ten,rona,

H. Vanaaae, H. A. EcpHurefiHa

u oco5euuo A. A.

Yx-

'r'oMcKoro

(rocnpuHanrlero

uAero @roperrcrcoro

o6 opranonpoexquu) oH

'|uKxe

ycMoTpeJrr

3apolKAerrrre

ryMaHrrTaplror"r

[apaAHrN{br, rrp[r{eM rrNreHHo

rt cBr3r{ He cronbKo c rrpeAN,reToM,

cKoJlbKo c i\{eroAoM,

y{I{TbIBaroq[M

paNr-

r(irx

gnc[epuMeHTa]'rbHoro

nocrpoeH]rJ{ r{oHt(perHoro

l{cc,'rerxoBavvt) ugeu

I\reAllaquu,

QyHrqnoHa,rbr{brx

opraHoB,

xpoHororra, uooccpepr,r u r.

Ecre-

c'r'BeHHo-rrayvHr,rii

no4xoA oH

rrpr{ aroN{ rtpqMo cB.q3all

<<oAllocroponueli

(

)l)rteHTI{poBt<oii

rra

rpneuo,rorurc

M03ra)>.

W[es.

IegrenbHocrHoro

o[ocpeAcrBo

BaHwA KaK co3]IareJrbrro

[puH.qra.s

Milpxcucrcltaa

n,rartpopMa

r{ B ollpeAeJ'Ierlroii

creneur4

yrrer ynpexoB

llt,trorcxolry B I{Aea,'rur3Me

nprrBena A. H.

"rleourbeBa

K nepeMerrlenr{ro

;lr(rleHToB

c upo6,renrr onocpeAcrBoBaHu.s

rra npo6,reuy [peAMerHocrn

KaI{

rrrrcrrHefi,

TaK il BHyrpesueii

Ae.rlTeJ'Iblrocrn.

floc,re DToro co3HaHIJe

yxe

atre

oTlycKa"{ocb

c KopoTKoro rroBoAlra

AeqTe,'fbrrocTtr>>

ara nreraoopa

IJrru.reuxo yxe

crana caMocrosrer'rluo

6lyx4arb rro

lc[xoJrorrrqecxr,rM

p;r6orau

BHe roHtercra ee noqs,'reHr4q1.

A rconrexcr

6rr,r c,re4yrcqllM. Parslttue

rytuarrlrrapuori

[apaAurMbl o6ocHosr,l-

r;rJrocb rleHHocrno

6orlttteslrxu ylrHrrroxirr'lu

Hrrrea;urru6elbHyro N,rarepulo rr reM

t';tlllbll\{

}M€HtrUIarlIl

MbIC,'IllTe,'Ib}lOe

[pOCTpaIICTtsO

TOqKt{, TaK

qTO

Tenepb IIaAO

('o:l.rlatsarb

cl'o, 14 HaBepcrbtBarb

ynyuleHlroc

Bpei\rr.

Taxntr o6paeoru, a cauori <pop-

f,raaa

fla

fMbl

At4 xoToMr4tl

1CI4XOAO|

'1t4

A. B.

Bpyurnulrcxl{ii

orcrar{Balr

Arrcryccrrr{

Tor{Ky

3pe,Hrrr{,

rrro

rroBopor

ecrecrBeHlto-HayrlHo}"t

[apaAI'IrMbt

Itct{xo,llofr.Il,I

y}Ke

coBcprulrJrcr,

Ile

octloBe

repexor'{a

ryNlaHIITap}loii

napaAIIf}Ie

uJ'ut

orKa3a

alrctlel)[rr{egrzl

KaI(

tseAylrlelo

l\{eroAa'

octtoBe

pacl(pblTl4t

rlpxrIuLInoB

ar(Tr.IBnocrr,r

cy6'beKTlroro

o''ocpeAcrBo

BaHLrr.orr

no4uepxrrBa,,r

HAeri

co6crse'rror-{

arcrnB-

uocrrr

pe6euKa

ycJ'roBrrJ{x

Bocrrr.rraFrrl

vt u6y""n

rr, rrepeouerrKy

rrAelr

rr}rre-

pIIopl'l3allrx.

Bosp:uraagpyrotuv

ytracrrrr..lr{yArrcKyccnlr,

orr

riacrarts:ul

r{a

roi\{,

r{To

r{AeH

fro3nHero

Blrrorcxoro

rocrpoerrbr

rre

rra

ecrecrBe}rHo-HayqHoii

na_

paAllrr'le,

a Ha

Klr'IbrlpHo-coulro,nol'tt'recnor:i,

KaK

rr noHrleirrlrr;r

C. JI.

py6rrH-

utreiitta

n efo yrleHulrots -

IIe

lla

ecrecrBclrrt<,r-rtzrytttoli

napi,rAl4fNle.

IVI.

Poer.rn

orN{e(ritJl,

vro

3'N{brcer

rrocrporlr.b

lrc}rxoJrorlr,'

rro

o6paa-

IIy

ecreclBenrroii

nayxrr (,ncrorca

B BrrAy

rrpofpailrMrrrrte

ycraHo'Xr.r

B'-

I'orcnoro

croco6

rpeo{or'r€rrr{a

xpn:r.rca)

He yra.[cq,

nin

,r"

yAaercrr

IICI'IXOJIOfIIlI

SKClepIl]\IeHT,

IIOItrltlileMltii

rax,

Itan

()H

npeacraBJler{

B ec_

rcc'ree

Hoti

uayKc.

HeyAavuult

3Acc:b

BbIfJI{Ar.rr

llr'tetllo

c,rrotso

<<Hc

y.4aerc.q>.

ocragrtu

cxo6xautr

IIe/IeByIo

HartpaB"4ellllocrb

rrocrpoerrrrr{

Tex

}rJur

rrlr,rx

reoprrii

Y}KC

NPTTN'TCPC

TCBI{I{A

NTbI

BIIAEJIII,

qTO,

CTPO'

OAIIV

KAPT}I}IY

I{TIPA,

fICIIXO-

JIO.

rrcllo,'Ib3yer

cpeAcrBa

(uero4truec*r're

tr N,tbrc-{rlTeJ'rbHare)

apyrorl,

lplrxolrrr

pe3y,'rbrare

x rperlerri

Kaprune

IroBoMy

rrrny

rpencraB/reHrj.q

sTOrO

Nfirpa.

Brrrorcxlrii

[ocrpouJr

rryJrbrypHo-rrcrop]rqecr{yn

rcr.rxoJlOrrr0,

a He

ecrecrBel{Ho-Ha)

lHylo,

xort

npeAltonara-rl

KaqecrBe

ucJrrr

[oc.r'poeHrre

ttaytuoti

IlcuxoJrolrllr

rr r{clro"rrb3otsarltc

coBperrerrgor)i

Hayvrr<tii

}reroAoJ,ro_

rt'il't.

Telt

caN{bIr\I

O}I

nolra3a,'r,

qro

Ha!/wta{ilcllxo,rofH.q

gro

tte o6a3a.r.eJ,IbHo

e cme

cm6eHH0

-HAy

WtQa;

B ero'o/lxo/Ie

o'a

cTarra

c m

op uue

crcoi,

rlpuqeNl

coorBercrtsytolurlr\{

rI3}teI{elilreNI

r'IeroAa

LIccJTeAoRaH}r,{.

orMerr{,rr

tr{e}rHo

npo6aeny

Jr{cfiaprr}reHT:urbtror.o

r{eroAa.

tr44ero

norrrr-

N{aHU.S

3KC[epII]!leIITarb]Iol-o

rfiitrra

KaK

acmaHaTru7aeiro?o,

IIe

lreflo-

cpeAcrBellllo

3NrIIIrplrqecxtr

AarrHofo, K. llonnep

o6ocrrosbrBarT

rra

lprr;,re_

cyAa

rpucs{xrIbrx,

e. rril

lyMarrrrraprroii

o6rracrn

rcprrcfrpyAeHqr.lrr,

.ss,'i.grcu{eiict

Ko}rBeHrlrrorraalHoii

crrcre,lrgji

:ttaultii,

o na

nprnrapoM

ecTe_

crBeIrlIoI"I

Hayr{rl

tr4

to,

uro

ITCTIXOT'IoIIri.I

JI(CrteprlNrcrI'f

I{Iraqe

i)eaJr,r.]yer

rlrTero

[pl.rqrlr{Hot-o

BbIBOA?,

Itoi'rar.itg

trru,re (ncrrxo/rol-lrgecKle,

ue (rlterr-

VCCKTTC)

3AKOIIbI

CBOIIX

I(OI]qCITIIII'{X

IIPIIqilI{IIOCTIl,

3TO

COBEPIUCFIIIO

Bepr{O.

I(ar

ecpno

ro,

qro

vcrar{OB,frcrflre

sKCrep]rN{e}rraJrbHbrx

{laxror

cJIeAoBaHI{e

,'loflrKe

fHIIorerI,IKo-Ae/IyI{TIrtsHofo

BbIBO3a

He 1llrJrtgercr

lrDe-

porarHsoti

r.rcc,re.4ogaHrul

ecrec.r.BeriHbtx

HayKax.

NtyJ'rtrpoBKe

erot"t

:a4avtr

rrpocJ'reiKr{Bae'fcq

nepcxoit

rrcro/lo,Iofrlr

lra :jrar

rrOcrrc-

x''lacct'Iqccxor:i

Kaprllllbl

Itupa (nprrrtcllln'c"rrbno

K llcuxo,lofrlqccKoMy

Ilac,rrcllrlo

oyltyutcr{v).

9.3. EcrecreeHHo-Hay.ruan H ryvauhrapHas napal.hrlasr

235

He.{t':.q cNleuluBarb

rloplra:rr'rrlre n coAep)Kar€.'tbHbI€ acrel{Tbr oplaHu-

:laurlI{

3Kc[epII]\IeIITa,'IbIIOI"t

CITTYaTII{rr:

jlel-epNIlIHaIIl,lg

llpOqeCCOts B IICI,IXO-

./rofuqecKoN{ or{cIIeplI\reHTe, tso BcqKoNI c-rryrlae B IIIKoJIe Bltrorcxoro, IIrrKan

Ire xapaKTeplr3yercr rroHflTlreN{

eo:r,1eiicrnyrcu1er"t lprtvrtubl, KaK aro

Aet:i-

c'rBr,rre,'rblro rpeAcratsneHo B axcneptrN{errre ecrecrBeHHo-Hayqrrolr. To xe

r(acaercfl r{ rrrKo"rrbr K.

"IlesrrHa

p-sra

/Ipyr}Ix.

il,ns

fl. 3nH,{eHKo

B. Epy'u-r.rlrucxoro, 3arrqrbrx n ro npelrx o6o-

cIIoBaHuerl

Bc)3tIo)KHocTn

pacmupeIIII.q pa\,IoK

ticuxoJloruqecKoro 3IIa]Iu.q,

cocroqBnrcirca

4ncxyccun

6uiu BaiKHbr r{rrbre acreKTbr

pacKpbrrrr.fl

crrerlnrlrrrrn meopemuqecKo?o ,r4upa rtcrrxo,.rorr{rr,

trpeo/'IoJreBaForrle]"r ycra-

iloBKy H? OB.iIltr'I€t{He II

ylpaBJ'IeIrrrc

rcrrxllKor'r

qe.rroBerca.

Ieiicrnrtre,'Ilno,

ycTaHoBr(a

Ha oBJraAeHrre crr"{aN{rr npupoAbr xapaKTepil3yeT K,'raccnqecKoe

ccrecrBo3rraurre.

tr4s

ororo He c,rrerver,

qro

or{a rrNr}raHe}rr}ra

3KcleprlNfe}I-

1'4,'rbHol\{y r\'reToAy KaK rryTrr rr03HaH}r-q.

floc,te4onare-rrbHyIo

Kpr{'rr.rKy ecrecrBerrHo-Hayr{Horo no,{xora B rrcrrxo-

./tornu

B cB.fl3rr c i{pr.rrr{Korl ecrecrBeHHo-IlayqHoro

N.IeroAa A. A. flyarrpeii

lrpeAno)KHn

Aorro,'IrilrTb

xprrrrrxol'r npal(Tur{ecKoro

pa3yMa

corper'tetruoti

rrcl{xo,Torrrrr. flcr.rxoaHall{3 II IIcHXorlpaKTI{KrI

He BXo.{.t{T s o6,'Iacrr :a-

rrqrnli axaAeN{ur{ecKor"{ Hayr{Hoii nctrxo,rorrnr

(r.r

ero nocnyxuno ocrroBa-

uHeM BBeAeHu.q O.

Bacu,rroKoN{

rron.qrux cxuartca). A nlreHHo oHI,r

Itu'II{

lrpl{N{epbl

HeK,lacc}rqecnt{x

crrryaulrii e [cuxoi]ornr KaK cBq3aHHbrx

gK,rrroqelrlrocrbKl

irccJreAoBare.nx n

cfoplrrrpotsaHue xapaKTeprIcrIIK rI3y-

I iteNIbIX

g g,tetttttlt.

C,re4yer orlrerrrrb,

rrro

l{eycrpaHulroe flpl{cyrcrBue Ilcr{xo.rrora KaK

.y('noBIJe

cyIIlecrBoBaHLI-q lr3yrlaeruot'o o6lexra ue BbICTyIaer npII3IIaKor{

ry-

n;rrturapnolYt fiapaAufNlbl I,LrrH

<<fyllalrrlcr]l{eclroro llblnt,reHu.s>. B

pa'vrax

lyr\{aHr.rrapHor:i rapaAnrnrlr

paccr\{arpllBaelca

4eiicrnelu{ocrr'

}Ie IIayqHbIX Te-

ollrrii,

a uuSo,rroreNr, r{oropbre npeKpacHo

rroN{oraror B rrcuxorexHrrqecKoii

pa-

6ole

(xopouruii

nprnrep roN{y

[pal{rnna

rctrxoauannaa). flepevertl tIeKIIac-

(

rrrrecxr{x

cnryaqnfi

A,{-a

rtcrrxo,'torurr

flBr]o nror 6rrrl rrpoAo,lxeH

(x sronry

rr('prlyr'racb B rroc":rreAyroqelr E. 3anepuueea

[3aeepurrlena,

2001]). llpe4.rro-

Irccrrrrr,rii

flyeupeelr BbrxoA

npuH4un

SonrnuumetrcHocmu,

Ilon.qtrll"t KaK

Ao-

u()./n{cHI{e

ttcuxo,ryofrrqecKofo onI'rcaHurl

tlcIIXorexrIIrqecKrItr{. Cauoonpe4e-

/r('rrrre

[c[xo,'rorur{ B cBol{x ileHHocrHbrx

oprrerrraulrrx

4pyroit

noBopor

r;xr(r,reulr

BbrxoAa rr3 Tyru.rKa

<<ecrecrBeHHo-HayqHoro

pa3ylla>>.

tr4lterr

Ae,rcl

iloJIIIbIM

qe"lOBeKOM,

AVXOBTIbIN{

CyUeCTBOM,

<<qe"qOBeKOM

IryTI{>>

9TO I{ [VTb

r'o6clneHnoto,IIHr{I{ocrlroro pocra

IIcI4xoJIora.

l le auaen, xro 6r,r ceii.rac craJr cnopnTb c

3TIIMu rloBoporaNllr B u3Merle-

urrr rrayqHo-lpaxTur{ecr}rx 3aAar{ B IIcHXoJIofI{u.

Ho saxuo orMerurb:

trt,t.rttt

ttageatlbt He orJil{qufl ?A)taHumapuou

napaduz-inu r{aK ralconori, a or-

236 lnaea

flapaat'trvut 14

at4xorowrlt4

B nchxonorhl,r

J[tqIITer'rbHbre

oco6eHHocTr4 ilro6ofi HayKr4

3TaI1e

ee HeKlaccuuecKo?o

pas-

8UmU8,

CBq3aHHble C OTKa3OM OT KJIaCCtr{qeCKOrO

II.4ea,'Ia

pauHOHaJIbHOCTII.

flsHo s HarrpaBneHur{ rrocJ'reAHux

[po3ByrraJ'r npn3brB E.

Eparycs

K no-

Bopory or

ryMaHHTapnoii napa4urMbr K acxaronortrqecKori: <,A

uueHHo:

nepexoA

TaKoii MeroAo,rrorlrr.r, Koropaq 6lt

coornocl.tJlacb, I{cxoAvra Lr3

npeAcraB,rreHuii o npe4e,rbnbrx,

KoHeqHbIX cMbIcJIax 6rttug

qeJIoBeI(a,

ero

ponu

LI HaBHaqeHLIu B aroM

Mr4pe u

paccMarpr4BaJla

6bI ficuxilqecKyro )Kr.I3Hb

He KaK MHofoBapnanrHnii

acbfl

rrc Bo3.\,roir{Hbrx ucxo,rloB

ltnQornopeHna,

a KaK

peaJlbulttZ

npoqecc 6orononrottleHr,rr, Bo3Bpa[IeHLI.g,

IIoApilKaHus

Xpucry>

[flcuxo,rorus

r.r HoBbre..., 1993, c.

35]. IrhvreHuo aKcuoJ,tozutecKan

HanpaBJreHHOcTb

nocJleAHero

yTBepxAeHu.rr

HanoMnHaeT

o [ocTHeKJ'raccil-

.recxoii

napaAl{rl{e. flocrpoeuue

AylILr,

u3MeHeHue 6t'trus, KaK

ycJ'IoBrle

rto-

HrMaHrr.s

HeKoropbrx Beuleii

gpyroii

noeopor K nocrHeKJ'racclrqecxoii na-

paAHrMe

He ryuauurapHoii).

M. A.

Posos npoAorrlKr{Jr o6cyx4eHne rynrrxa,

n roroprrii sro6rr 3a[rJra

ecrecrBeHHo-HayrlHa.{

napaAr4rMa, B

cBq3u c reM,

qro

Ha6"'rloAarenq

He,'Ib3.s

BbrHecru

sa cxo6xH ttcuxo,'rorI4qecroro slrcttepuMeHTa

oH.rrBJr.serct ero

aKTI,IBHrINT

yqacrHrrxoM

14 crponr

noJryr{aeMyro KaprHHy. flpu arou

oH aneJ'r-

JII,IpOBaJI K npLrHUUnaM

AOnOJ'IHI,ITeJ'TbHOCTI,I

Ir HeO[peAe']TeHHOCTII

$nSU-

Ke KaK ocHoBaHr,LrrM

nocrpoeHr{fl ealrHofi KaprlrHbI rvlupa,

rAe Her ecrecrBeH-

rro-uayuuofi

napaArrrMbr, a ecrb HayqHoe 3HaHlre.

H. Eop

pacnpocrpaHrrn

npI{HuL{n

AonoJ'IHI,ITe"rrbHocrv14

Ha ryMaHLITapHbIe HayKLr.

.fl

nrteuue rropoxr-

Aaercg

B npoqecce ero

l43yr{eHrl.fl H TaM, H TaM

aro

yxe

o6uee Mecro

MeroAoJ'rofuqecKoro

ocMbrc,'reHu.s coBpeMeHHbrx r,IccJ'IeAoBaulrii (n

-nrc6ux

Hayr(ax

il ecTecTBeHHblx, u l.rcroprvecxux).

4pyrona

naparpaQe Mbr npr{Benu

rortxy

3peHr4a

E. 3anepnrHesori o npo-

6reMarur{Hocrl{ aler'IJl.suHlt

Qneuxe

IrMeHHo B

yKa3aHHbIX

acneKTax,

nocKoJlbxy

aHaJ'Iorr4n ora3blBalorcq

crntuxoM noBepxHocrHblMu.

Y.Iacr-

HI4Ky

AT4CKyCCHH

Ba)TCHO

Apyroe:

Bo-lepBbrx,

yKa3aTb,

qTO

rpaH[rlbr

Me)KIy

ecTecTBeHHbrMI,I

tr IyMaHlrTapHbIMr.r Hayr(aMr,I r{MeHHo

KaK IIapaArIrMaJIb-

HbIe crllparorcs,.

V BTopoe: Her orAenbHo MbnrrJreHr.rs

A,rs

ryMaHr{TapHbrx

HayK LI

AJIq

eCTeCTBeHHbTX: <.HaAO

ITpOCTO,iIOTHqHO nHC,rUrl>1.

H. 14. KyaHerIOBa, Bo3Bparrlaflcb

o6cyx4eHuro

nprl3nca B ncr,rxo,'ro-

run, o6ocHoBaJra ero

[po.rIBJIeHHe KaK Ko,'r,rreKTopcKoro rIoAXoAa

K no-

crpoeHulo

HayqHbrx nporpaMM,

unoroo6pasue

Koroprrx

peuaer

oc-

9actuqrlo aro 6u,r orser

B. M. PosuHy, B BbrcrynJreHr,rr,r Koroporo flpo3Byqana

Mbrc,'rb o6 oco6ou

ryManr4TapHoM

T?lne Mblllt,'lerlrrg Brtrotcxoro r{ opl4eHTaunr,r Ha

Mapxcr.rcrcKr4fi nerog <<BocxoxAerrr4a

or a6crpaxrHoro K

KoHKperHoMy>,

qro

r,r no-

3BOJ'pI./IO eMy npOTr4BOCTOtTb

nporpaMl\{e [OCTpOeHr,rfi nCUXO.rIOrur4 rro eCTeCTBeH-

rro-HayqlroMy o6pas11y.

9.3.

EcrecreeHHo-xay.rHas

il rvNaaHhrapuan

napaahrNaut

237

lroBHyIo

3aAar{y trpeoAoJIeHuq

6eeHaAexuo

ycrapeBtrtux

oHTo,'IoruqecKIlx

ruoAereii

[cuxuqecKoro.

llo

ee MHeHIrIo,

Herb3.q nlt6pocurr,

I{3

Al{cKyc-

cur)i upe4craB,'IeHrlrt

o rrpeANrere

IIcHXoJIorulI

KaI{ 6ecnnoAlrble,

crpare-

lHqecKrr

HeBepHble

I4 rlepaunoHa,'IbHble

(uro

npoenyqa,'Io

B BbIcryIIJ'IeHlI14

cropoHHrrKoB

fyMaHl,rrapHofi

napa4urulr).

flapa4urua

ryMaHI'IrapHoro

MbnIIJreHlI{

MOXeT

6Urr nltxoAoM

x3 Kpl,I3Hca,

flocKo"llbKy

HeT

oTIeJIb-

rloro fyMaHr{TapHoro

MbIIu,rIeHLIs.

Buecro

Hee

ecrb aKcl{oJ'Ioruqecxlr

oK-

parrreHHbre

(alroqraoHa,rlHue)

ocHoBaHI{q flpuH.qru'I

lu6o

uenpuHATV{'

pa3Hbrx cnoco6os

3atflTufl

uayxoii.

Moryr 6ltrl

nloxo [ocraB,'IeHHbIe

tsofipocbr

n r,ry6oxoe

paBHoAynJI4e rtcnxoJ'tofuuHe

roJ'IbKo

x <.o6ueit ue-

'foAo,'roruu

u rpu.rroco$uu

HayKlI,

Ho Ir ocra,'IbHoii

Hayrt't

noo6nlet>1.

3anepuaa

IrpeAcraBJIeHue

AI,lcKyccuI,I,

3aMeruM,

r{To

KoHuerqvg.

Hailu'

,rtt.g

oco6oro fyMaHr{TapHoro

MbIlI"rIeHHq

ceroAH{

or{eHb rto[yn.qpHa,

xorq

u He B clIJIy

ero

oco6ux csoiicrn

(raronrte He BbIAe,'IeHbt),

a cropee

B cprJry

BbrrB,'reHHbrx

ofpaHnqeH14I"{

ecTecrBeHHo-HayqHbIX

cxeu

o6lgcHeHnii nplt-

MeHI.ITeJrbHo

ApynIM

o6-[acrqN.{ aHauuii,

B ToM

gl{c,le

l{ [cl{xo,'IorrIqecKI'{M.

{onycrnu

BcneA

3a oAHTIM

H3 BblcryrluBtnux,

qro

A,'I.a

Br,trorcroro

s4ecl

<,O11lpaBAaHI'IeN{>>

C,'IyXI'IJTI'I

efO IIepBOHaqa,rlbHbIe

3aHflTl4g'

fyMaHl'ITapHbIe

uccJreAoBaHHq.

oAuaxo

ueJIoM

fioBopor

JII{UoM

qeroBeKy

uupy

'rtto-

yeir,

a He

Mupy neuleii)

cran

cyuecrBeuHblM

[popblBoM

B coql{aJlbHo-

r(yJrbrypHbrx

ycraHoBKax HarlaBlrerocq

XXI

Or"rlu']u.s

B KaprI'lHe

MHpa

u cru.r.r'xMbIlxneHI,Iq

nwgeit,pa6orauqux

pa3Hblx

HanpaBileHllqx

ec-

1'ecTBeHHO-HayqHOtO

II ryMaHI{TapHofo

3IIaHHq,

O6OCHOSaHHO

CTaJ'III

rrpeAMeroM rrcHxoJIorl4qecKllx

uccJIeAoBaHl{fi.

Ho Xaprnulr

uupa 1rc4efi

l)a3Hbrx

arroxax KoHCTpyI4pyer

14 Ky,'Ibrypororn.s.

MeroAolorus

)Ke rlcl4xo-

Jroflfl{

peuaeT

Apyrue

3aAaqu:

paccMoTpeHHf

[apaAr{rMbl

ro,'Ibl(o

[o or-

rrolIeHI{Io

K TeoperlrqecKoMy

MI{py

ncuxoJlorul{,

Ho 14

B KoHTeI(CTe

aAeKBaT-

uocrr4

MeroAoB

[peAMery I,I

ueJ'I.aM

rlcl{xoJ'IofuqecKoro

I43yqeHus.

IUI sAecr

naMer{en

IIpopbIB

B MeToAoiIoII4I4,

cBg3aHHblii

c ocnaltcleHl4eM

cnoco6oB

oc-

rroeHns rarofi

o6racrl{,

KaK rIpaKTnqecKaJI

flcl4xororuq.

flpruoe

orllome-

ilfie K

paccMarpunaeuofi npo6,leue

llMeer

I{ Bonpoc

o cnequonuHocTl

Hc-

cJIE,IIOBATE,'IbCKOIO

MbIIII,IICHH.'I

IICUXO,'IOTOB.

Paccuorpunr

ror MoMeHT

n npo6"nente

oKcnepuJtieHmatauoil

napa)uz-

,lrrrl

(npoanyqanrueft

KaK

aHaJIor ecTecTBeHHo-uayvHofi

nclIXoJ'IorIlIr{),

Ero

nprrogurcs

3anoMlrHalouraficq

ueraQopa

o ncllxo,'torl4u

I{aK Jlerue,'tof}ru

tlayKll, KOTOpaq

3aHl{MaeTct

U3yrIeH[eM

JIeIIero' KoToporo

HI4KTO He BLIAeJI'

IIo

rt('/tb ecrb

<paxrrt:

<TauHcrBeHHoe

ryKaHr,e

coBbl B IIoqHol!{

Jlecy, n earaAo'{HtIfi

r'l)ccK

cyr{beB, tr

6y,'Irxanre ua

6orore,

u ro,

qro

r{eJroBeK,

aa6:ryAunrulrcb

B /Iecy'

urorAa

Bblxo/Iur

Ha oAHo

14 To xe uecro

(ero

leuruli

no4tlr),>

[llcuxonorua

n uo-

rrr,rc...,

1993, c.

23].

fnaea

9. flapaluruur

at4xoroMll B nct4xolorvn

noTopbrr'i

He 6br,{ 3aTpo}ryT

ArlcKvcclrr.

A rruesuo:

uclo,rrb3oBaHr4e

3Kcrre-

Prrr{cFrTaJ'tbHoro

MeTortla

HellpaBoMepIIo

oToxAecTB"rlteTc.s

c IIpI{H'TLIeN{

lI C;-I€{OBOHIIeNI

IIc)3llTllBI{CTCItnM yCTaHoBI{aN{

I{aK eAI4HcTBeI{HbII{

KpXTe-

pr,r.qN,r

Hay,rriocTtl

rrplr

rrocTpoeHr4n o6r,exrrrsHoro

3Halrrrq

(aro orpaxeuo,

qacTrrocTrr,

B yxe

qHTflpoBaBruI,Ixcq

pa6orax

IOpeauua).

To,.rro [oc,'teA-

Hee

'IBngeTcq

c,Io)KuBIluNIcrI

HeAOpa3yMeHUeM

lIeAoIIycTnMbIM,

ec"rt[1

vqnTbrBarb

Br{-taA ts

peQ.uencr.rrc

3xcrrepuNrerrra,rrbHoro

N{eroAa

K. flonle-

pa (c

ero lpr{}rulrrraN{u

Kptrrxr]ecKoro peanr43Ma

$a,rtcuSunaquoHr{3-

Ma),

3acny)KrrBaer

crrequa,'rbHoro o5cy)KAeHr.rrr.

KparKoe

pe3IoMe

raKoro

o6cvxAeurrs

6lr,ro 6u

raKrrt{: rrpr{Hu]iil peKoHcrpyr{rlr{H

HeHa6nro4aeN,rbrx

npoueccoB

l{ 3axorroNreprtocreii,

rro,roxe]IHbl"r

B ocHoBy

KoI{uen(r.rr.I

o6oerc-

muilrczo

3HaHufl, HHr(aK

He N{o}Ker 6ltri,

orueceH K

Io3I,ITIIBHCTcKHM

vcra-

HOBKalr

B Hayne.

Heupuarne

nayvuorl

ncHXo,rrorr,rH xar

6aaupyroueiicfl

Ha 3BeHe

Bbr,(Br.r-

)fieHl't.q

fIIIIOTe3

r{lt,tlrex

6rt,ro

6o,ree IIoc,TIeAoBaTe,rlbHbIM

BO3pa]KeHueM,

ver.{

AoBoAbr

cropoHHuKoB

ryN{aHrrrapuoii

napa4H[Mbr,

noo6ule npeA,]ra-

rarcuux

ns6erarl

[yrLI oueHr(r{ rrcuxoJ'rorrqecKllx

reoplrii Ha

ocHoBe BbI-

ABrIlKeHn.rl

38eHa

rr{rroTe3

KaK cBs3yrouero

MocTr4Ka

MexAy Mr.rpoM

Teo-

pt'tri

N{r{porr rcrrxo,TrofilqecKori peanlHocrr{.

Bonpoc

o roM,

flBJrflercs

Jru

ncuxo,rrofrrs

ty\,raHr,rTapuoii

tt"ln ecTecTBeHHoii

Hayxoii,

ue lroxer 6tttr

cBeAeH r npo6.rerre

cnequrpr.rrr.r

fyil,raHrrrapHoro

r.rbrruJ'reHr{fl

uMeHHo

3BeHe

ruIIOTe3

HI.II{TO He

yKa3an

[OKa OTJItlql{{

UX BbIABI{Xe}IL1.q

B IIO-

polKAeHnr{

3r{aHrrq

fyMaHtrrapHoro

n ecrecrBeHHo-Hayr{Horo.

Pasrpa-

HnqeHr,re

Br,rAoB Hayr{

Ha ecTecTBeHHbre

I{ rvN{aHHTapIIbIe

BbrcTynaeT

ca-

N{ocro:trer'tbttor't

ttpo6,reMoLi;

gacrotiqltnocrb

nporuBoIIocraBJ'IeHIIIt

IICIIXOJ'IOTIIII

CTPOTOTO CCTCCTBEHI{O-IIAYI{HOTO

MbIIII"IICHI,T.g

II N{bIIUIEHII.S

ryN{aHrlTaprrofo

N{oxeT rroAN{eHqTb

coAepxaTeJ'IbHbrx

apryNfeHToB

Be-

AyxIrIXc-q

clopax

o nyr{x

pa3Burl{g

Hayr{Hoii

trc],rxoJrorrrH.

Bu4nlro, lt

fyil{aHnTapHoN{y

N,tbIlxreHr.rrc cneAyeT

oTHecTu

[pu3rraKrr

fH[oTeTr{qHo-

CTII

U XpUTLIT{HOCTn.

Kpumuuu o

cmb M r,urt.rreHrr.{, op

nerlTrrpoBaHHocrb

Ha ro,

KaKoBbr Bonpo-

CbI, a

lle TOJ'IbKO OTBeTbI,

Ilo"rlyqaeN{ble

B IICC,TIeAOBaHLIII,

eTO

CnOiiCrna,

paBrroii

crerreHl{

flpucyuue Kar{

axcnepr,rN{eHTarTb}rbrM

HayKaM

roro-

pbrMll

accour{npyeTcs

3KcnepHMeHra,rnHrrrii

NreToA,

a He co6creeHHo

ecTe-

crBernro-HayqHar

napaAHrlra),

rar rr ryNraHHTapHbrN{.

I.Io B

ryl{aHHTapHbrx

Hayxax

Hapa6oraur,r

r{HL,re cpeAcrBa

arulupuqecxoro

onpo6onaHu.rl

trpr

npoBepKe

H:iyqHbrx

rnrrore3. Tax, nero4

KpuruqecKoro

aHanu3a

AoKyNleH-

TOB

aHa,TOI

SKCIIepUMeHTa,IIbHOIO

B IICTOp'TqeCKIIX

HayKaX,

TaK}ICe I]pe4-

ro,rrararorur{11

noccos4aHue

rpaxra nyreM

coorHeceHr,rg

rurrore3 n

co6irpae-

Mbrx

SNlIIUpr.rqecKH

AaIIIIbIX.

9.4.ThnurpauuoHansrrocrhex,\acchqecxoi,Hex,^acczqecKori...

239

9.4. Tunu paunoHanbHocrh

KnacchuecKot,

HeKAaCCr4qeCKO[

nOCTHeKAaCCHqeCKOT

rI.CUXO\OTUU

9,4.1 . Knaccuqecrag

H HeKlaccl4qecKas

ncrXonorhs

Irrr

rpexoa rtJIaccII(tecKOti

nctrxo;roruII yKa3bIBaIorcx

aIJTopaN,{II,

BbIcry-

ItttBtltttMlI

B ncnxor'IOrlrrr

IrporuB 3aAaBael\rbrx

exl orpa]rrrqeulrii:

cqrrerrrrralr

t(aK y3Ko

IroHrrra{

IIayqHocrr,

(ratr,

nct Ixoatla,.ruIll

cror'IbKo

rlayKa, cKoJ'Ib-

rro

rrcKyccrBo ronr(oBatura),

yrrrrnepcaJrrr3rr (rrorrcx

o6qrrx aaxolroa),

r.rrr-

/[.rBI{r'lyan]t3M,

}rcxailIICTtli{ecKoe

IIoilI|\{:tIrIre ria}3tu-tbHocTu

pa3AeJleHt.Ilr

nnettrIIefo-r]uyrperIIIefo

tt cy5r,cxr-ttrrtclro-o5t,etctr,ItsIIOi'o.

A. l.

Aclro"tioB orlrcc

K IleK,fraccllrIccKI{N{

loflxoflil]t t.t reopu.qNf

R lcl.Ixo-

JIOftlu

cro,'rb

pa3rrbrc

rraflpaBJreHrrr,

riarr rrc]rxoaHa,'urr

ero

paupa6ornor"r

I(ollqerrlllrrr

(reccocuare,'rbrroro),

Tcoprrn

vcrauoBKrr

.{.

Vena43e, Kynb-

lypHo-rrcroprrrrecr(yro

r{orrrleruuto

"rI.

C. Blrrorcnoro,

gealelr,uocrulrri

lroAXoA (reopur'r

A. Il.

,{eoHrbeBa l

"rI.

Py6Hrrurer:rHa).

<.flpuHqnrrna,ru-

IIag

IloBII3lIa arrlx

l)a3nrlqHblx

lIarpilB,'tcHllii lrcroAolorlrrl

ilctIXo,,IofulI

cocroltr

B rlpopblBe

3a tpallllubt "ftocry"ttara

HellocpeAcrBeHnocttt"

tt tto-

ncI(e roro

"orrcicpe4crnyrcuefo

38etril", rrot'opoe,

ttopoxAaq Ircr.JXriqecKLre

,ru,rreHrr.q,

calro

6lr n cQepe

lrcuxr{qecl{olo

rrc flpr,tHaA,rre]KaJ'to>

[Acucuor,

2002,

c.4461.8

pa6orax

ero

yqeHrrrlbr

fycc.rr,rqcnoii 6olee

uerno 6u,rr.r rpo-

illlcaHbt

Te IIpllHuIIIIbI,

KOTOpbIe

CB.q:]bltsaJlltcb

y]Ke

He ToJtblro

c IIeI{J'IaccII-

,rccKoit,

lto il c ilocrHcttraccuqect(oii

tiaPItrrrt-rri Ifllpa, lta Koropyto

Nlof,'il1

opileHTupoRaTbct

IIcI,IXOJ'IoIIqeCKlIe

Teopr

trI.

3to,

qacrHocrtr,

Tal{ue

lpeA[ocblJurrr,

I(ati

yxoA or IIporlIBOnocraBJ'Ie-

rrrr.s

ecTecTBeHHo-rIayrlH0fo

lI ryilIaItIlTapilofo

II03HaHl1q; B()3tIIII(IIOBelrilc

ccTeBbIX xoHqetttlrrii,

npoTllBoIIocTaB:-tftcMbIX

oc]toBIIbINI tIoJIo]KeIIu.qN{ Te-

opr{u crrcTeN{

(aHa,rrra

cooTBeTcTByK)ullrx

<,6yrcrpatrHbrx>

Ko}ruerqnii

l)a3Hbrx

o6,racr.sx 3HaHr.q

npeAcratsrrn

Kanpa

IKanpa,

1996]); peBo,lrro-

rlnoHHaq

po,'rl

Honolr uurloplraquousoii

r{yJ'rbrypbr;

ABHxeHue

rraBcrpeqy

lrAe.gN{, oTJruqarcu{uN{

rro3ltaHl{e

N,{r{pa

qe,'roBeKa

Ha 3aIIaAe lr Bocrore.

CrcAa xe orrrocrrrcrr

r.rAerr

<<ryMaHrr3aurur

Nllrpa s3brKonr>

(8.

fyu6o,rl4r),

uopexoAsulrrNl

ypoBr{n

r}yHrrluu (o6c,ryxrrnaHlr.a)

ypoBerrb

cyruHo-

c'ru{

(tso3tsblrrreHrr.q

qeroBexa)

[fyce"rruueea,

2003, c. 113],

paccMorpeHns

rtilallMoorrrouennii

qe,rloBeKa

IIpL{poAbr B

Ar{a/Iofe

lr KoHTer{cre

Hoocrpepo-

t'cIIe3a; o6paqeHue

K rtoH;ITulNr

HeorrpeAe.[eHHocrn

rou

q[c,rre

<<AyxoB-

rrcrii ueonpe4e.rreHnocrfi)>)

u HeaanepueHlocrr{

r<aK

4erffiocmu.?ttt

pag

/u)yfHX

npeAcTatsrTelrr{brx

r(pr{TepueB

MoIyT c,'ry)Kr,r1'b

oc}roBarrueN{

n3rue-

ilcilllq

napaAI,tI-MaJ'tt

Hoii cyrl lrcHXoJ'Iol-Irqeclrux

IloAXoAoB

ILIII{ Teope'fl{-

'tccttoii

[crrxoJ'Iofnu

uenoN{,

ecJI}I TaKoBag

xoua-"nu5o Bo3NIo}KHa.

240

lnaea

Ar4 rM

At4XOrOMUt4

ncl,xo\orhrl

9.4.

Thnur pauhoHa,tuHocrn

r4acctvecxoi,

HeKlacchqecKoi...

241

'rofr

unu

l'rHoit

ncuxoaoruqecrofi

xouuenuuefi

KJracclrqecKoro

(HoBoeBpo-

neiicxoro)

tryru

rro3HaHr.rq.

Anr

ororo

neo6xo4r.ruo

qerr{oe

BbureJ're-

tllte

Kpxrepuee

HoseiiIIIr4x (uexlaccnqecKr{x

lr,'rr{ rocrHeKlaccuvecxnx)

CXCN{

MbIIIIJIEHI{'

B TIOCTPOCHI,IH

I,ICCICAOBAHI,Tfi,

HCO6XO4UMO

CBfl3AHHbIX

Itpl4Tepu.sMu

roro'

KaK IIoHlIMaeTct

pa3Hblx

[apaArlrMax

HayqHocrb

[o-

3Hau:lg.

foru'teeecrcuil

cnoco6

MbrruJ'Ier{uq,

npuueAurlrit

Ha cMeHy

apucmo-

merescKoila,

"[enr.ruy

["IIesuH,

1990],

coornercrBoBar'r

KJraccuqecKoMy

no-

lrr{MaHuro

IIprIqnHHocrH

r{ 3aKo}roo6paeuocru.

conpeuenHa.g

ncuxoJ'Iorrr.s

paMKax

cBolrx

HeKJ'racctrqecKr,rx

reopllit

ttpeoAo"rreBaer

gror

cnoco6

pas_

pa6arrrnaer

IIoBbIe.

MeroAo,rornqecKne

noucxH

llcuxoJlorun

cB.s3aHbI

TOJ'IbKO

r,I3MeHeHrreM

KJ'Iacctlqecroii

xaprnubr

Mr.rpa,

Ho u ueo6xoAr{Mo-

CTbIO

COOTBETCTBOBATb

TAKIIM

<<BbI3OBAM

COBPEI\{EHHOCTI,I>,

KAK

OCO-

Qux

nocrno3r,rrt{BI,r3Ma,

Kyr'rbrypa

nocrMoAepHusma,

raHeopMarlr{oHHa.rr

nyJrbrypa,

ceresoii

rrpr4Huurr

opraHH3aUuu

aHaHnfi

r.r

4p.

flpu arou

cneAyer yr{r.rrbrBarb

zemepoJcpoHnocmb

pa3BrTr.r.r{

flcilxor,roru-

tlecKI'IX

reopt'rii,

oAIIoBpeMeHHoe

cocyu{ecrBoBaHue

pa3JIIrtIHbIX

npflHIIHTIOB

noHcrpyr{poBaHHfl

npeAMera

r43yr{eHH"S.

Hexaaccuqecrorl

napaAurMbr

eaxHeiiur.rNr

3aBoeBaHlIeM

cra,'ro

[prr3rraHr,re

yqera

cy6lexrr.rnHocru

Ha6,rro-

AareJ'r.rr

rreBo3MoxHocrr'r

rr3yqeHn.fl

csoiicrn

o6t,erra

oue

ssau"vo)eilcmaua

csoficrs

cy6rexra

u o6texra.

eiicrnHre,rrJHocrb

rropoxAaercx

cy6texr-

o6r'exrulru

nearruo4er?crBIreM.

B ecrecrgos:r'a:nnuero

npLIMep

xnauroeofi

MCXAHI,IKI{

C IIOPO)KACHI{eM

KopIIyCKyJIfpHbIX

xnu

BoJrIHoBbIx

csoficrs

Mr.rKpor{acruubr

B [porleAype

nccJreAoBaHr{a.

rylraHurapHoM

3HaHHu

lrpuMep

[cuxoaHarrr4rr.rqecxoii

rpaAr.ruuH,

flpeArroJrararculeii

roucrpy[po-

Barlue y

[aq]reHTa

rofo

MHpa,

roropuii

3aAaH

rrcnxoaHaJlHTr{qec(oii

reopu-

eii. <.flsuusHT

aHaJrr{3a>

HeBo3Mo)KeH -

aror

re3rrc

o3Haqaer

ueo6paru-

MOCTb

HHTeprrperauuoHHoii

xapruHr,r

uupa, o6paayenrori

uero,

He3aBr.rclrN{o

IICTI{HHOCTI,I

IIJ'IH

J'IO}I(HOCTI{.

9.4.2.

ernaccNqecKan

nchxonorhn

x MeroaolornqecKxe

3AHMCTBOBAHhfl

Karue

J'roByulKr.r

rroAcreperanr

rrcrlxoJroroa,

6ea

4oaxHoro

rroHr,rMaHnfl

uc-

lloJlb3yroruux

HoBbIe

(Hex,raccuvecxlre)

xanoHbr

ecrecrBo3HaHH.rr

B o6ocno-

IJaHHH

MHoxecrBeHHocrl{

Ilc[xoJrtorllqecKr.rx

[apaArrrM,

cneqlraalHo

o6cy-

ri4naE.3anepruHeaa

[3anepurHena

,200I,2002).Tar,

rcl.rxoroM

qacro

ro)Krro

IIoHI{MaIoT

IIpeAcTaBJI.flIoT

nPUHUIIIIbI

HeonpeAeJIeHHocTIr

AorroJ'rHlrTeJrb-

lrocrlr,

crloprray,rr.rpoBaHHble

n xsaHrosofi

sueuxe.

flono"uulrre,rbHocrb

r4Mr{

cBq3r,rBaerc.fl

AorroJ'rrreHueM

rroJro)KeHhfi

o4uoii

Teopr4r'r

3aBoeBaHr4.gMlr

Apy-

roi'i.

Heonpe4eJ'reHHocrb

)r(e

KaK rroHtrr{e

r{cro.rrb3yerc.rr

coBceM

Apyrl{x

3Ha-

'rcrruqx,

r{eN{

aro saAaBar'rocb

Qopmy"uorZ

Qnaura

fefiaeH6epra.

S,rrxoHrrH

rrepBbrN{

19g1

Ha3BaJT

Teopr4ro

Blrrorcroro

HeKJ,rac_

cu'Iecxofi

[cIIXOJTOfuel'-I

coaHattH.q

B CBfl311

paccN{orpeHI,IeM

erc

coqo,ar,rL-

HOI'.

lre

xar

aos4er"rcrByroruero

Qarropa

ilJrLr

yciIoBrlr,

a r{aK

Ucl.or{Hrr^a

pa3BrJTrrr

Jrrrq'ocrlr.

Aclro,roB

pa3Br,rJ,r

4a,ree

lreraeopy

rrepexoAa

Kyr'Ibrypbl

no,'Ie3Hocrrr

K KyJIbrype

AocrouHcrBa

KaK

HanpaBJreHI{e

rrocr_

poeHrlu

[clrxoJ]Ior,qecxofi

reopuu,

npeArloJrararcueMy

cyr.ecrBotsaHl{e

H3-

6ltro'ruoctn,

IrettpeAcKa3ye\.Iocr14,

I{3N.reHquBocru

o6rqecrBe

aKcLIor,Io_

ruqec*rl

BI{JrroqanilIefi

rrpaocreeur*rii

Hr.rnepar'B

JrnqHocrHoro

pa3Br,rrr'

(rar

upeo6pa3oBalrlrt

nyJTbrypbr

rrHp

Jrrrr{l{ocru

nopo)KAerrrr.fl

KyJ,rb-

rypu).

fopas4o

6o,ree

ruupoxuii

crexrp

r{eKrTaccugec*o.o

,.oHrrMaHr,rr{

,.crlxo

JIOTUT

AAIOT

HEKOTOPbIC

ABTOP'I,

KOTOPbIE

NOO6U.C

TO,'IATAIOT

KA'CCTBE

rrprr3HaKa

HeKJ'raccrqHocrr.{

HaJruque

n:anuo4eiicrBlj.q

[,re)r(Ay

cy6r,errou

rro3Harorur,rM

rrpeAcTaBJrqIOUr.IM

(rrocran,r.arculHU)

Heroropyairarr"orro-

fr'rrrecKyro

pearrbrrocrb.

Tor4a

vyrl,ur

Bc'

[caxoJroru.s,

HaqrrHarr

l{xeii-

MCa'

[oABoArrrcr

rroA

rroHrrr,re

HefiJ'raccrrqecxori

napa4unrrr

(flouoraii6r.rn,

2001)'

Taroe

rcourrJreKclroe

olr,eguueutte

rrpriHrlrrnfia,,rbrro

pa3Hbrx

rrcrxo-

J'IorIrqecKI{x

rloAxoaoB

To,rIbKo

c*pbrBirer

cyx{ecrBelrHble

pa3,Iuqu,.

r{exAy

I{lIMI',I'

CB'{3aHII'Ie

op'eHTauHeri

ua pa:ult€

Kr'I?CCLrVecKyIo

HeKJ,Iaccu,-

qec*yrc

[ap:rArrfr'rbl

[ocrpoeHuq

HayvHoro

3HaHr,rr.

lpyroe

Aer,ro

lrorc*

paM*ax

xoHxpernoli

ficrxo,r]orrrqecxoii

norrqeruuH

TOro

coAepxareJrbr{o_

rIJII{

N{eroAI'IqecKoro

acIIeKTa,

xoropr,rii

cBuAereJ'IbcrByer

,,peoAOneHI4rI

Kracc,qecKr'rx

llJrr

crapofi

ncrtxororr14

rrocryJ,rarots

(HanpuMep,

['cry/ra-

TOB peaKTUBHOCTH

l,r/ru

<<HenocpeAcTnerruocrH,>).

Tor4a

uoxHo

aouuprru

Koltqeflqlllt

f,xetivca

KaK

coAepxaqefi

uex,raccrrqec*rre

3JreNreHl.br

r]o-

HIIMAIII{U

C03HATIU,'I

qCJ,IOBEI{A.

Apyroir

BapuaHT

Heo[paBAaHHoro

o6le4trueurr'

rrcr{xo,roruqecKr'x

noA-

xoAoB

lle

coAep)KareJrbHbrnr

o6'r'scunreJrbHbrNr

,,pnHrl,rraM

npe/IcraB'rlrer

$l'rxcaqur

ro,'rbKo

r{eroAe

IIeJ'rr,

HcK,lrcqarc,uaa

(Xax

crapuii

x'rau)

npe4craB,'relrHocrb

napaAxfMe

ra*Xe

npeAcran,reuHfi

flc]:txoJrora

o ero

[pe4Mere.

Hanpuuep,

oro

pacrBopeHlre

[peAMera

rlo-

pox4anqefi

ero

''porleAype

83aHMoAerlcrnur

ncrrxorepa[eBra

lr r(Jrr{eHTa.

BoertrKtroseHue

ra*

Ha3bIBaeMbrx

HeKJ,raccfi

rrecKrrx

curyauuti

6o,ree

crportlii

a4ernarHuri

npe4craBJreHnro

cN{eHe

HayrrHbrx

napa4nru)

rpurepurt

u,rn

saxurrfi

acreKT

BbrqBJreHr{r

rex

oco6entio.r"ri.rr-r'y"qrrii

rIcHXoJIofI'In,

Koropble

cBuAereJ'IbcrBylor

HeBo3N{oxl{oarr,

'o.ipo"n*

''EPCXOAOB

TCOPUI{

'MTIHPHII

PAMKAX

I{JIACCUqECKOTO

,,PIIqIIHHOTO

<<o6rexrHoro>>

orHoIrIeHLL

rIeJToBeKV.

Halr6oree

npoAynrr.rBHr,rii

nyrl,

nuru

B3L'I'A,3a*Jrroqaerc,

Bbr.sB-

JreHW

ocrroaaHuii,

noropbre

Moryr

6url

paccuorpeHbr

KaK

',peoAo"rreHue

LUrMbt

L!4XOTOMVI,/.

nchxo\ofvt|

f[pnHqurr

HC.onpcAeJreHr{ocrrr

KaK

3axorr

N,rrrnpoMr.rpa

6br,r

BbrI]eAeH

arr{r,r

Rbula0ilIuN{cr{ yrrerrbrM

r{cxoA.fl

tl3

r(opnycrKy,rxprroii

reopr{[,

3. llJpe4r4tr_

repor'r

rra

paapa60Tr{rr

BOJ'rr{oBo[o

ac[eKTa

(tu.tttg

qacrr.rq

Mrrr{poN,rHpe,

KOTOPOC

CAMO

BCTIbIXIIB&ET

TOI'IbITO

N'OI,ICI{T

CI'O

U3YqCIIN.fl.

PC'TI

U/ICT

HeollpeAeJ'te}tHocrlr

Kart

HeBo3.rtoJrcHOCmU

\OTHOZO

nO3HAHUrl

06lerta,

ltc-

I{axaeMoro

MepHocrbro

H3il,leprrre"rrbrro|o

ycrpoiicrBa

lr, 3HaqHT,

BJ'rr,rqrru-

rro3Harorlero

cy6bel{Ta

Bbr.qB.rrrenr,re

csotlcrea

o6T,ex.ra,

Qr.rar.rxe

npl{Hurlr

HeorIpeAeJ'IeHllocrt{

03Harlaer

KornqecrBeHHoe

coorHorleHue,

cB-{3yr0trlee

Bo3Aer"rcrBue

lr3MeprrrenbHofo

cpeAcrBa

rra

o6rexr

r,r3MepeHHr{,

IIpr{qeM

ts paNrKax

40nycrultotri efo

BeJInril.lttt,l

(rax

Ha3blRaeN{a.q

<<ilocro_

]Hafl

ILraHra,>),

ilptlt1erllrN{

oror

rIpIilIuH[

ToJIbKo

rIO

orHoll]efll{]o

Mr'rKpor{r{py,

r{ KJraccr4rrecxoii

rapu.rue

N{ar{por{l{pa.

flprll[lrrn

Ao-

no"rrHr'rre"rrbHocrr{

o3rraqaer

<.4eoiicrneHHyro

lrpupoAy

BeruecrBa>,

AoilycKa-

FOrUyro

ABa

pa3Hbrx

croco6a

elo

ortucaHHtr,lfo

rre

oAHOBpeMelrHyru

rrpeAcraB-

J'reHHocrL'

rrx B

olrHoM

H TOr\{

)Ke

sKcrreprlN,reHre

[3aeepurueBa,2001,

c.73].

3Aecr perrb

L{Aer

o roM,

r{To

pa3rrbIX

o^crlepriMeHTax

ycrarlaBJl,,Ban,rc,,

Kar{

KoplycKyr.qpHr,re,

TaK

U BO,THOSr,re

csoi.icrsa

N{uKpoqacTnrI.

llpun_

uI{n

Aono"rrHr.rreJrbHocrr{, paepa60rauHni'r

n rfnenne,

HeJ'rb3.fl

rroHLrNrarb

KaK

rIpI'IHIIun

83aI'IIIoAorIoJIHI'ITer'rb]tocrlr

pa3Hbrx

Hayq]rbrx

rroAxoAoB

rrJrI,l

BKJ,Iroqerrr4s

cy6t,exra

rro3Harur.{

rrpoueAypy

rl3r\repeHr{q

r{ Bocrrpor{B_

BoAcrBa

uayvaeuoii

peaJ'rbHocrr.r.

Taxnu

o6pasolr,

''p',rruuI

AonoJ'rHr{TeJrbHoc'{

oro

rrrl{aK

rrpr{Hrl}r,,

dononuumeloHocmu

meopult,

xax

u ueonpeAeJ'IeHrIocrb

Ire

Mepa

xaoca.

Ecau

yqIITbIBaTb

3TO,

CJ'reAyeT

Irpr43HaTb,

rrTc)

rcuxoJ,rolr,r

He[paBoNrepHo

IIoA_

KpeII/'I.qrcT

CBOLi

Bo33petiltx

nanrlo,rorttetl

HaggaHHbIX

[pI{HUI{IIOR,

a or-

HroAb

lre

AeKrapupyeuori orropoii

uoser:iulre

r'Iocrr,rlKeHrr.s

lloc'fpoe-

HUH

Kaprr'rHbr

Nrrrpa.

orxpsrrocrl

qenoBeKa *

paAHKa,,rbHoe

orJlr.lque,

Koropoe

He IIo3BoJ'IrIer

rIpoBoALITb

np.q},rble

aHa,rorr{H

ts Bo3Hr{KHotseHur{

rreKJ'raccflqecKr{x

crrryar{rr."r

par,rKax

(ruanxu

trcr,lxo/roruut.

ilnx

ncu_

xOJIofun

rarofi

Her(naccrlgecxori

cnryarlueii

craHonurcg

u3yqeHr{e

perv_

'rrrpyroulefi

rpyuxrlr.ru

auorIHi.i

r.rJ,rr{

crp.yr{ryprrpyrouqeli

(tyuxunrr

nrorr,ro

'rcJII,ITer'IbHori

re.qre,'u,Irocrl{,

qro

K,'IaccI{qecxofi

ncuxo,rofHr{

pac-

carocb

6rr

xar

HeBo3N{oxHa.a

npo6,reua,

[ocKoJTbKy

aS$exr

r.r

oIIHcbIBa,'I

ucb

KaK lrc

KJrrc

galol]lne

Apyt

Apyra

flcrrxoJ,Iornqe_

lolzeHTaqua

Ha Kpureputr

omKpbtmocmu

rr cemelo?o

rrDrrr{_

-qtru

rcuxoJronrqecrori

pery,,r.gquu,

TaK

H ts

opronrrau-

-eHannii

pauxax

orAe,rr,Hoii

u,rH

uerareopuu)

JBarrr4eN{

oueHoqlloro

oTHo[reHU.q

K peaJrn3ye_

HpyeNr

brNr

prHqur

aNr

HeK,TaccH

gecrorti

u rtocr_

III],ITNI.

9.4.

Trnur

pauiloHansHocrh

s rnacch.recxoi,

Hernacchqecxoh...

243

9.4.3. l-l ocrHexnacchrrecKafl

napaah rMa KaK

peaeleH

H at

KaprhHa Mhpa

flo Crenurry

IClenrru,

2000], Ha rrocrrreKJraccuqecroM

ararre

pa3Btrrus

Ha-

yKI{

TepseTcfl

[oApa3Ae.4eHr{e HayK o

trpr,rpoAe lr HayK o

AVXe,

pa3rrbre

Trlnbr

pauuorrtu'r

b H ocrlr

Ae.[.qr

Nre)KAy co5oii cQeplr

B rrwtrHrrs. M ex4lrcqr.rnn

rrr rap

Hbre r4cc,rreAoBaHu-q

craHoB.rrrc{ BeAyxll,rltu.

Perflexcupyercs He

roJ-rbKo cBs3b

3HaHLIg c oco6erruocrsMu MeroAl{r{ecK}rx

[poueAyp,

Ho I{ c

uerrHocrHo-rlene-

BbrMrr KoHTeKcraMlt

(pe$"rexcupyerc.q

BceMu cpe.qcrBaMu

yMa,

LI He roJIbKo

c ror{Ku 3pcHrrfl

ue,reeofi

rrarpaBneHHocrrl

ryMaHr{rapuoii

napa4urr,ru).

pa6orax

M. C. fyce,rrqerori nocrno3rrrr{BricrcKair

naprrrHa

Nrrrpa r{ Ha-

yr(a

Ha cTaArru

[ocTMoAepHu3Ma xapaKTepr{3yeTc.rr

KaK cooTBeTcTByrouaq

cJre-

AyIOI]IU\,1

ftpOTI,IBOnOCTaBJIeHIlgM

IIO OTHOllleHLIIO

K II03IIUII.qI{,

3agB,'teHHbIlvl

B npeAbrAyrurlx

(r,racczuecKoM

H HeK,'raccuqecnou)

rrlnax

pauuoHanbHocrl,I:

MHO[ON{epHOCTb

MI{pa II

pa3HbIX

"rIOrUK

eIO

ICCJ'IeAOBaHVA;

IIoBbIUreHHaa per|,rexcHr

qyBcrBlrreJbHocrb

n noHTeKcraM;

rlpI{HurlIr cetenoii opraHlr3aul{v

sHawnfr,, orMeua

nepapxllrl;

MexAHcurilnr{HapHbrri

4ucxypc;

rIpI{HgrHe l{,{eu Heo[peAe,'reHHocr]r

KaK cBq3yrourefi

3TanbI

pa3Buru;l

J.IIO6blx

cKcTeM;

HeAoKoHuerrryaJru3r.rpoBaHHocrb

noHsrlrii,

TBopqecrBo B TepMr{rro-

,rIofI{I{;

rrpr{Hur4 n <.

6,IaroroseHr.{.rr IepeA

pa3Br,rTr{eM

>>.

Anrop BB e,rra arraJ'rr4e or,r

n.Inii Ky,'rbrypHo

t{croplluecxoii

[cr.{xo,'rortrur

6o,ree tlrrtpoxutl KoHTeKcr pa3rl,rr{Hq

Ky,rlbrypHblx enox.

Ha.ras\tas,cs,B

XX n. snoxa rrocrMoAepHr{3Ma

orJrr{qaercg

oco6ltl,r Mr.rpoouyueHlteM,

Ko-

Topoe 3aAarro

ottpoBep)Ker{HeNr KJraccnqecKlrx

KaHoHoB r nocrpoeHuu

Sn-

rtt.IecKoii

KaprrrHbr Mr{pa u

pa3BI,ITIIeM

rroeoii MeHTa.rrbHocttt: <.Hacrynaer

i)IIOXa

Me3aJ'Ib.qHCa, U [OCTN{OAepHII3NI

KaK CTH-rIL' HeOIIpeAeJ'IeH]{OCTI{, pa3-

Mbrrocrr{, r.re6ltro.{HocrI{

cNrblc,'roB

uau6o;ree

petrpe3eHTarHB€H,{r'r.fl

He-

r(,'raccuqecKoro r{irpooulyrle}rnr >

[

fyce.rrr'qena,

2003, c. 1

00].

Hoseiiuat s[oxa cBt3aHa,

rarulr o6pa3olr, c

AVXoBHbI]\II{

Ter{errrrrNrrr BeKa.

Mnp e arv anoxy

Haql{Haer oco3HaBarbcs naK pyxorBopuufi;

n cnoco5ax

ero

otlHcaHutl HaquHaIoT

rlpeBanlrpoBaTb

He l{ay3anbHble cBq3I{, a cMblc,llollble,

:)rrcpreTr,rqecKr{e,

crrHXpoHHbre,

cTpyKTypurre.

<.Mu

xrrrBeNr B

pea!'rbrrocTrJ,

rAe

llopxzlox Beqno cpa)Kaerc.s

c Xaocor,r>

[fyce,rrqcra,

2003,

c. 101]. tr4 noaro-

rry He c,ryuairrrbr rrolynrrpHocrb

reoprrH ccutoopzaHusa4uu

go6e,rencroro,la-

ypeara

tr4. P. Ilprrrroxr{Ha, pa3Brrrlre

uAeii mo.repaHmHocmu

(na

Bcex

ypoB-

rrqx ee npeAcraBxeHrtocur),

BHe"rrorr{qecKoro

rrpe;llnovre}r}rs'[eop]rr:i. ceresoii

r rapaArrrMrlr (nl,recro

/Ierepr,rr.rHrrcrcKor"r

Kaprtrntr I,grpa).

.it('ililt1

PaulroHaaruocrb

sarraAHofi

eu,roco@

nporBrrJracb,

KaK yxe

6u"rto

or_

MerIeHo'

KJrlaccuqecKoM

KpHTepHIr

parl'oHaJlbHocrr.{

rIpHMeHHTeJ,rbHo

HAYqHOI'Y

IIO3HAHI{rc.

BUCCTC

TCNI

TICIIXOJIOTUTIECKI,IE

3HAHI,I.,I

APCBHOCTI,I

BocToqHbrx

r(yJlbTypax

ucrro/rb3yrcT

Apyrue

orrl{caHr.t.q,

A,1r.rI

r(oTopbrx

enponefic*re

KarefopnaJrbHbre

cxeMar,r{ecKr{e

flpeAcraBr,reHr{.q

oKa3br_

Barorc'q

HeaAeKBarHbrMu.

BosuHrcaer

npo6,reiu"

onyriryprui"

up.urro"o,

orcyrcrBue

Koropl,Ix

Nrerlaer

B3aI{Mo[oHHMaHIII.

rI <<AI{;L,,ory

onlrroa>.

pa4

xareropnfi

conperteHHofi

enponeliclroii

rou

qucne

uorer{ecrBe'Horl)

ncn-

xo'rloruu

uMeror

n soctoqHoii

trcr{xoJrof,ll

cnou

o6parHue

aHa,roru.

fax,

KaTeropuu

AeqTeIbHocTu

MO}KHO

npoTHBOnocTaBrlTb

r{aTeropurc

<<lre_Ae.q-

H,r'>>

(K'Taficxoe

<.y-neri>)

rax

aoua""

r{Horo

[oHHMaHu.rI

[plrHrl]rna

aK-

TI,BHOCTI,I.

3rO

6CA4Ci1C'NHC

UII,I

MOII]AHI,IE,

IPCTOCTABJIEHIIC

BCEMY

coBeprllarbct

corJracHo

ero

np,poAe.

AHa,rr.rs

sr,x

HerrpuBbrqHblx

Sopv

ncu_

xoJlorl'qecKoro

3HaHHt

trBJrs,ercfl

aKTyaJrbHbrM

HanpaBJ'reHr4eM

pa3BHTu.g

Ky"IbrypHo-r{ctoplrvecxoli

[cr.rxoJ'rorur[,

roJrbKo

sxo6u

eaxplrroii

4"'rx

TeoperuqecKoro

ocMbrc/re

nus

nactn

[c[xonpaKTlrK.

IzleyveHrze

o c

o z

H e

s a

KoHTeKcre

pa3Bur

vls

ryxoBHocrr,r,

BbI

ABr{xeHHe

nepnrrfi

IIJ'IaH

cy6rerra

^nu

i6u"*ru""rrn""",

B3arzMo_

orHOrIeHH.S,

B3auMOCB.S3U

Apyrlre

acrreKTbI

yrBeprKAeHH.{

[ocrHel(,'Iac_

CLT'{CCKOfi

trAPAAlITMbI

IICCJ'IEAOBATC,'IbCKOM

CO3HAHHIT.

frnancuxo^otuu

naxHeitueM

rrocJTeAcrBrreM

[pIrH.rITr{.g

nocrHeKJlaccuqec-

xoii

xaprnnrr

Mr'rpa.qBr.sercr

npu3HaHr,

ee.M?toz0npeduemuocmu,

3HaqI{T,

cocyqecrBoBaHr{.{

l'rH'rrecraa

reoput?.

Kpoue

roro,

o60cHoBaHue

[ocrHeK-

,raccnqecrori

napaAHr'r:r

rar

o6qeit

,riyuu^

HayKe

lpe.4rroJraraer,

r{ro

nrc6as

ficfixo,'ror's,

,''6as,

ncuxoJroruqein-

ru*o*

Mo?Ker

crarr

ne4yqeft

AJ'Ifl

onpeneJ'IeHuoii

saAar{u

u o[pe4e-rreHHofo

ucc,,Ie.qoBaTe,,rbcKoro

KoHTeK_

cra'

3ro

coorBercrByet

rroporz

4uy*

uo4ereit

pa3Burn.s

rrc,XoJror,r.r

KaK

HayKLI,

Koropbre

npr.rBoA.rrrc.a

fyce,rrqeaofi

[Iyce"rrluena

zOii,

,."iZsl.

Dru

ABe

MOAeJTI,

p:l3BUTrI.rr

ncuxoJ'rofuqecxofi

Hayxu

I{X

HaL'r'lAuolry

l.so6pa_

xeHIrIo

fipeAcraBJr.srcr

<<nr.rpaMaAy,>

(a)

u <<cerb>,

rrayrHHy

(6)

(pic.

A).

rlepaax

Mo.{eJIb

[peArloJlaraer

npr.r'rlr{n

MoHrd3Ma,

3Haqr{T

HaJrI{q]4e

Bep_

rrrlrHbr

KaqecrBe

ee4yrqerr

uero*o'torr.L't.

co6crneuuo,

B;;;;;;*

uir.

or-

crauBaJr

ral(yrc

ToqKy

3peHutJ

paccMarprrBarr

co3AaHr{e

o6[1eii

ncr4xoJ,ror]ru

KaK

rlyrb

BbIxoAa

Ir3

npr43uca.

OAgaxo

uM€HHo r

Barbcs

Kar{

ecrB

nep

exo4uo

fi *o

rooo

rr"|lilX1."#:"T#1fiIffi

rr{qecKoro

3HaHfi.s.

flperzlryulecrBo

KyJrbryprro_rarop"o"cxofi

(xy-lrrypHo-

aHarvr

r4searoli,

xy,urypHo-Ae.srerbuocruorl

)

*orqanq""

ar"r""

""a"ru,

qacrHocrrr,

ror{Krr

3peHr{,

KoMMyHLrrarusHort

Synrqr.ru

Mexai

p*urr_

ur'r

cnoco6anall

opraHlr3arluu

rryrvt

(uero4a)

rrcr{xo/rorurqecKoro

LICC.ileAoBa-

Hr.q.

Peqr

r{Aer

KoMMyHr{Kaulr.rrx

pa3Hbrx

vero4o_noruii

Me)KAy

co6ofi.

Trnur

uhoHaAbHocrl4

B Knacch,lecKofi

HeKAaccH,{

ecKot.

ooo

nceruu

Pnc.

hgeanuxure

MoAen14

pa3BilTl.4q

HayKrl

o BL'IAeJIeHIII4

r43 p[!.a

IrcI{xoJ'IorIIqecKHX

[]Ko,'I

Tarofi,

nocpelcrBoM

xoropofi

npeAcraBr.rreJru

pa3Hbrx

Hanpan,reuuii

Moryr ycJ,rbr[rarb

Apyr

Apyra.

Dra rcoM_

MyHUKarlrBHar

QyHxqua

esHo

o6ogHa,{uJ'racb

Ar.rcKyccHn,

npHBoAUnroit

Halrr.r

n nocleAHeii

r,rane yve6Horo

noco6u.s

(r.

caua

AzTcKyccvs

lr ecrb

rroA-

TBep)KAeHrre).

Bce

aro

roBopr.rr

o roM,

qro

KyrbrypHo-Ae.rrreJrbHocrHaJr

rrcu-

xoJloru.g

uMeer

ocHoBaHILq

[pereHAoBarb

craryc

nocrHeKJlacclr.{ecrofi

orrpuruu

ocraerc.fl

Bo''poc

o roM,

raxorl

creneHH

Kpurep'n

nocrue-

KJIaccut{ecKoii

paquoHa,rbHocTI4

KacaloTc.q

oTAe,'IbHbrX

reopl'i

r{JIl{

nepe-

crpoftrz

sceii

cucreN{br

ncuxoJrorH,{ecKoii

HayKrr

r{ [paKTrrKr.r

ueJroM.

9.4.4.

ueu

uocru

i acnerr

KaK

xapaKTe

pncrnKa

ncr.rxolorlrqecKoro

3HaH

Hg Ha

nocTHeK^accXqecKoM

STane

n cltxo^orh

l.l

Bnme

6rr,rn

fi s,'roxeHbr

pa3Hbre

npeAcraBJreH

us. o6

uccnenoBareJ,rbcKr.tx

rrapaAurMax

flcnxo,'rorHu.

flapa4nrua

cB.rr3brB;uracb

ypoBHeM

uayvHori

TeoprII{'

c npeBa/InpoBaHneM

lrcno,'IbsyeMoro

MeroAa,

raKxe

urue.na

6o-

JIee

mupoKr,rit

routeKct

sByr{aHl{.fl

xax

o6paeqa

KJ'IaccptqecKofinnu]HexJIac-

cuqecrofi

HayKH.

oAuH

ne acneKToB

TaKoro

IllnpoKoro

noHuMaHrr.rr

[apa-

.IINTMbI

CBq3AH

C OTHOIIICHI{EM

IICHHOCTHbIM

ACIIEKTAM

[O3HAHN.'I.

B NCPTOfi

tlacru

KHurn

MbI

yxe

paccMorpe/Ill

lro3l,rqurc

crenr.rHa,

corJlacHo

Koro-

poft

nrc,rrcveHrre

rIeHHocrHoro

KoHTeKcra

B no3HaHHe

paccMarpuBaercg

KaK

unrpalauAa"

TMbI

AhXOTOMhV

NCVXOAOT4U