Geckeler K.E., Nishide H. (Eds.) Advanced Nanomaterials

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881

Advanced Nanomaterials. Edited by Kurt E. Geckeler and Hiroyuki Nishide

ISBN: 978-3-527-31794-3

Index

active center transformation 14

acylnitroxide 328

adenosine-5′-triphosphate 750, 773

– MSN material 547

adipic acid 347

adsorbent 460

– carbon nanotube 622ff.

– removal of surface water

contaminant 615ff.

adsorption

–

243

americium(III) 638

– arsenic 637

– cadmium(II) 628

– chromium(VI) 626

– competitive 633

– copper(II) 629

– 1,2-dichlorobenzene (1,2-DCB) 640f.

– dioxin 639

– ﬂ uoride 635

– heavy metal ion 624ff.

– lead(II) 624

– nickel(II) 632

– trihalomethane 642

– zinc(II) 630

Ag, see silver

alcohol

– oxidation 350ff.

aldehyde

– oxidation 350ff.

alginate 530

alkyl phosphonium 438

alkyl pyridinium 438

alkyltrimethyl ammonium cation 414

allografting 527

ALS approach 823

aluminium

–

Al MAS NMR spectroscopy 485ff.

aluminium oxide (alumina) 566

– γ-Al

343, 491, 508f., 635ff.

– Al

343ff., 558, 570, 635

– Al

/CNT composite 635

– Al

nanotube 220ff.

– 3Al

2SiO

558ff.

– Al

-X 499

– Al-TUD-1 499

– alumina membrane (AM) 196, 228, 669

– Au/Al

353

– DL12 491

– ICMUV-1 495f., 509

– ID 1–11 500

– L

A383

492

– mesoporous 481ff.

– MSU-γ 491

– MSU-X 486, 509

– PCL-coated 541

– SGAL 516

aluminogermanate nanotube 234

aluminosilicate 406

243

americium(III) 638

amide 819

amidoacid chelating 469

amine

– hydrophilic 467

– hydrophobic 467

– selective sensor 672

amino acid residue

– chemical and physical parameter 731

(S)-(–)-2-amino-3-phenylpropan-1-ol

(APP) 215

(3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane (APS,

APTMS) 199, 298

ammonium-MMT

– quaternary 437

amoxicillin 549

anthracene (AN) 130ff., 602

– PS-b-PEP-b-PE 141ff.

– triaryl amine-terminated diimide 388

882 Index

antibody-coupled CNT 738

anticooperativity 786

antifreeze glycoprotein (AFGP) 776

antimony

– SbPS

4-x

Se nanotube 238

apatite layer

– biomimetic (BTAp) 543

aperture near-ﬁ eld Raman 678

apertureless near-ﬁ eld Raman imaging 695

aptamer/protein recognition 876

1-D architecture

– helical polymer-based 161, 176

2-D architecture

– helical polymer-based 161, 176

array

– self-organized 173f., 218

arsenic

– adsorption 637

ascorbic acid 300

atenolol 659f.

atom transfer radical (ATR) polymerization

(ATRP) 12, 743, 763

atomic force micrsocopy (AFM) 161

– visualization of 1-D rod, semi-circle and

circle structure 162

– visualization of 2-D self-organized

array 173

atomic layer deposition (ALD) 218ff.

– in alumina membrane 228

– gas-phase 220

Au, see gold

autografting 527

azobenzene 51f., 105

– light-active azobenzene block copolymer

vesicle 52

– mesogen 51

– photoisomerization 105

– photoresponsive 122

azobenzene-poly(methacrylate)-block-

poly(acrylic acid) 105

backbone modiﬁ cation 81

barium titanate (BaTiO

) nanotube 233

Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) method 484

basal plane spacing 407

base-catalyzed reaction 508

battery 319ff.

– “see-through” 329

BCN nanotube 237

bentonite 460

benzoic acid (BA) 129

– crystal 130ff.

– PS-b-PEP-b-PE 141ff.

(γ-benzyl

L-glutamate)-N-carboxyanhydride

(BLGlu-NCA) 862

bilayer system

– spin-coated 185ff.

N,N′-bi(2-mercaptoethyl)-perylene-3,4,9,10-

tetra-carboxylic diimide (MEPTCDI) 279

biocompatibility 525

biofunctionality 525

biomagniﬁ cation 601

biomaterial 524

biomedical application 475

biomimetic hybrid polymer 836

biomimetic processing 526

biomimetics 524, 536

biomolecule

– AuNP/ITO electrode 315

biopolymer 782

– dispersion of CNT 719

– interaction with CNT 715ff.

biosensor 50, 289

bis(benzoxazolyl) stilbene (BBS) 383ff.

bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-methyl-(hydrogenated

tallow alkyl) ammonium cation 445

bismuth

– Bi

nanotube 211f.

– Bi

nanotube 212

blending 444

block copolymer (BCP) 1ff.

– alignment 111ff.

– azobenzene containing 51ff.

– drug delivery vesicle 52

– ﬁ lm thickness 127

– ﬂ uorinated 48

– gel 793

– holographic material 52

– interface-active 48

– linear polypeptide-based 835ff.

– lithographic system 15

– microdomain structure 126ff.

– multilevel resist strategy 29

– nanoﬁ bre 67ff.

– nanolithographic template 17

– nanoporous block polymer template 20

– nanoporous ﬁ lm 36

– nanoporous monolith 34

– nanoreactor 44

– nanotube 67ff.

– rod–coil 7

– self-assembling 1ff.

– self-assembly 835

– semi ﬂ uorinated 49

– structure direction 34

– surface interaction 127

– synthesis 9

Index 883

– thin ﬁ lm 126

– triblock 4

block copolymer micelle

nanolithography 47

block copolymer morphology

– alignment and ordering 111ff.

block copolymer system 1ff.

– phase-selective chemistry 1ff.

block copolypeptide 841

block-selective solvent 72

blood–brain barrier (BBB) 606

BN nanotube 235ff.

boc-phenylalanine 667

boehmite nanotube 234

bone regeneration 527

bottom-up fabrication 321, 334, 767

bovine serum albumin (BSA) 476, 723ff.

brain

– effect of engineered carbon

nanoparticle 607

bredigite 543

broken lamellar morphology 860

Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET)

method 484, 629

3-D bulk phase 175

– self-organized array 175

bulk polymerization 656

bundalization 716

tert-butoxycarbonyl (TBOC) protecting

group 50

t-butyl methacrylate (tBMA)-block-3-

methacryloxy-propyl pentamethyldisiloxane

(SiMA) 33

n-butylstannoic acid 708

cadmium

– Cd(II) adsorption 628ff.

– CdCl

nanotube 240

– CdO nanotube 223

– CdSe nanotube 206ff.

– CdSe-ZnS quantum dot 286

– CdTe nanotube 210

– trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO)-capped

CdSe nanoparticle 755

cadmium sulﬁ de CdS

– nanotube 206

– surface-derivatized nanocrystal 547

caffeine 659ff.

calcination 483

calcium phosphate (CaP) 530

– coating 535

calixarene 822

cancer 551, 738

ε-caprolactam 347

ε-caprolactone (ε-CL) 347

carbamide 820

carbide nanotube 240

carbodiimide reagent 268

carbon dioxide (CO

) 508

– supercritical (scCO

) 508

carbon monoxide (CO) 337f., 562

– selective oxidation 337ff.

carbon nanoparticle

– bioavailability 598

– developmental effect 608

– ecological toxicology 595ff.

– engineered 595ff.

– food web 600

– stability in aquatic system 596

– tissue distribution 600

– toxicological effect 602

– uptake 598

carbon nanotube (CNT) 220, 249ff., 597f.,

615ff.

– adsorbent 620ff.

–

243

americium(III) 638

– anchoring of metal nanoparticle 289

– arsenic adsorption 637

– AuNP composite 255ff.

– B

-coated 236

– bamboo-like (BCNT) 276f.

– chirality-based separation 734

– composite material 249

– covalent linkage 268

– deposition of AuNP 256

– diameter-based separation 734

– 1,2-dichlorobenzene adsorption 640

– dioxin adsorption 639

– dispersion in biopolymer 719

– DNA coated 737

– DNA conjugate 721

– electrical property 620

– emitter 289

– ﬂ uoride adsorption 635

– functionalized 738

– heavy metal adsorption 624ff.

– hydrogen bonding 271

– hydrophobic interaction 271

– interaction with biomolecules 715ff.

– interaction with DNA 720f.

– interaction with modiﬁ ed AuNP 267

– interaction with protein 723

– mechanical property 620

– memory element 289

– multiwalled (MWNT) 251ff., 597, 616ff.,

716

– nanotube aquator 289

884 Index

– noncovalent functionalization 718

– optical property 620

– polyaromatic compound adsorption 643

– property 620ff.

– removal of surface water

contaminant 615ff.

– sensor 289

– silicon substrate 682

– single-walled (SWNT) 251ff., 598, 616ff.,

716ff.

– π–π-stacking interaction 277ff.

– structure 616

– supramolecular interaction 271

– synthesis 616

– thermal property 620

– TiO

nanotube 240

– trihalomethane adsorption 642

– visualization of Si–C bonding 682

carbonate hydroxyapatite (CHAp) 530ff.

carbonated apatite (CA) 544

N-carboxyanhydride (NCA) 851

carboxylic acid chelating 469

catalysis

– AuNP 288

– heterogeneous 500

– oxidation 333ff.

catalyst 337, 460

cation exchange 413

cation exchange capacity (CEC) 407, 442,

464ff.

ceramic component

– structural integrity 579

ceramics

– fracture 555

– microbioceramics 548f.

– multicomposite 585

– nanobioceramics 546

– nanoceramics 523ff.

– self-crack healing 559ff., 585

– Si–CNT bonding 682

– structural 555ff.

– temperature 571

cerium hydroxide Ce(OH)

nanorod 233

cerium oxide (CeO

, ceria) 339ff.

– adsorbent 627

– CNT composite 637

– nanotube 233

cesium

– [(18C6)Cs(18C6)Cs(18C6)]

375

cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)

222, 299ff., 495

chemical gel 791

chemical sensor

– AuNP 288

chemical valve effect 43

chemical vapor deposition (CVD) 196,

221ff., 618

– low-pressure (LPCVD) 689

– microwave plasma-enhanced 236

– plasma-enhanced (PECVD) 265

chirality-based separation of CNT 734

chiroptical inversion 178ff.

chiroptical memory 178ff.

– helical polysilane ﬁ lm 178

chiroptical switch 178

chiroptical transfer 185

chlorite 404

chloroaluminum phthalocyanine

(AlClPc) 95

cholesterol 823

– imprinted shell 658

chromium(VI) 626ff.

– adsorption 626ff.

– carbon nanotube 626ff.

chromophore

– dispersed phase 380

– organic 380

cinnamoyloxyethyl methacrylate

(CEMA) 39

circle structure 162ff.

clay 404ff.

– chemical structure 460

– ionic 475

– layered 459ff.

– natural 460

– organophilic 477

Cloisite-Na

434

Cloisite 6A 437

Cloisite 10A 437

Cloisite 15A 437ff.

Cloisite 20A 438

Cloisite 25A 437ff.

Cloisite 30B 437ff.

Cloisite 93A 443

cluster

– inﬁ nite 785

– nucleation 46

– size 785

CNT, see carbon nanotube

coating 535f.

– calcium phosphate 535

– nanocoating 535f.

– spray 536

– thick bioglass 536

cobalt

– microtubule 200

– salen complex 510

– [(Tl(18C6))

(CoCl

)][TlCl

]

∙ nH

O 371

Index 885

cobalt oxide

– Co

nanotube 228f.

– nanowire 322

collagen

– HAp/collagen 528f.

colloidal gold, see gold nanoparticle

colloidal nanoparticle 333

compatibilizer 410ff., 425ff., 438ff.

competing interaction

– weak 784

complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor

(CMOS) transistor 690

composite, see also micro- or nanocomposite

– morphology 408

– polymer–clay composite 408

– property 411

composite graft

– bioactive 528

concentration effect 793

conductor

– electronic 160

– ionic 160

contour length 163

convergent synthesis

– NCD 759

converging beam electron diffraction

(CBED) 690

cooperativity 785

coordination–insertion catalyst 440

copolymer 466ff.

– amphiphilic 466

– IL-based gel 815

– volume fraction 808

copper

– catalyst 343ff.

– Cu(II) adsorption 629ff.

– CuS nanotube 206ff.

– CuSe nanotube 210

– nanocatalyst 335

coralline apatite

– nanocoated 538

core–shell emulsion polymerization 657

core–shell morphology 39

core–shell nanoparticle 658

cosolvent system 816

cosurfactant 811

covalent imprinting 654

crack

– bonding by oxidation 557

crack healing 557ff.

– atmosphere 567

– ceramics 559ff., 585

– effect 573ff.

– fracture probability 573

– machining efﬁ ciency 577

– temperature 568

critical aggregation concentration

(CAC) 469

critical electric ﬁ eld strength 119

critical micelle concentration (CMC) 95,

469, 794

critical micelle temperature (CMT) 104

critical radius 46

cross-polarization-magic angle spinning

(CP-MAS) 375

crown ether 366

– [(A(18C6))

(MX

)][BX

]

∙ nH

O 366ff.

– rotation 374

crystallization 129, 779

– 2-D 172

– epitaxy 140

– directional 126ff.

– graphoepitaxy 138

Cu, see copper

curdlan 720

cyano-oligo(p-phenylene vinylene)

(cyano-OPV) 382f.

4-cyano-4-n-pentylbiphenyl (5CB) 814

cyclic voltammetry (CV) 750

[2+2] cycloaddition 41

cyclohexane 349

trans-cyclohexane-1,2-diamide 819

L-cysteine 670

d-spacing 461ff., 492ff.

dahllite 532

debundalization 716

– degree 729

decorated phase 5

deep ultraviolet (DUV) radiation 22

degree of functionalization (DF) 425

Dellite 43B 443

Dellite 72T 443

dendrimer 671, 699ff.

– bimetallic nanoparticle 744

– bridging 756

– cluster-cored 744

– fullerene-functionalized 699

– fullerene-rich 708

– gold nanoparticle-cored 746ff.

– nanoparticle-cored (NCD) 743ff.

– poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) 756

– polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane

(POSS) core 744

– semiconductor nanoparticle 744

dendritic branch

– fullerene-rich 700

886 Index

dendritic functionalization 758

dendron

– Fréchet-type 759

– poly(oxymethylphenylene) (PPD) 746

– 4-pyridone-functionalized 752

– Simanek-functionalized

superparamagnetic nanoparticle 757

density functional theory (DFT) 121, 343

deoxycholic acid (DOC) 720

deposition–precipitation (DP) 337ff.

2,3-di-n-alkoxyanthracene 823

dialkyldimethyl ammonium cation 414

dialkyl imidazolium 438

diameter-based separation of CNT 734

1,3:2,4-dibenzylidene sorbitol (DBS) 820f.

diblock copolymer 1, 800, 844

– polydiene-based 844

– polyester-based 851

– polyether-based 850

– polystyrene-based 845

diblock copolypeptide 851

1,2-dichlorobenzene (1,2-DBC) 616, 640f.

– SWNT interaction 642

N,N′-dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide (DCC) 268,

759

dielectric material

– silicon dioxide 34

N,N′-diethyl(4-vinylphenyl)amidine 655

differential scanning calorimetry

(DSC) 423

diffuse reﬂ ection infrared Fourier transform

(DRIFT) spectrum 516

diffusion coefﬁ cient 326

diffusion-limited aggregation (DLA) 769

N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA) 443

1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-3-

ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride

(EDCI) 86

4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) 700, 759

trans-4-[p-(N,N-dimethylamino)styryl]-N-

vinylbenzylpyridinium chloride 655

N,N-dimethyl-N,N-dioctadecylammonium-

MMT 437

1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate

(DMPA) 532

1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

(DMPC) 532

dioxin

– adsorption 639

dispersed phase 380

– metal nanostructure 389

– organic chromophore 380

divergent synthesis

– NCD 761

DL12 491

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) 781, 869

– base pair mismatch 288

– biosensor 270

– CNT conjugate 721

– dispersed nanotube 736

– double crossover (DX) 871ff.

– ﬁ lament 172

– interaction with CNT 720

– met-SWNT 723

– nanostructure design 871

– origami 874ff.

– paranemic crossover (PX) 871ff.

– periodic DNA nanoarray 871

– polyhedron cage 874

– self-assembly 874ff.

– sticky end 870

– SWNT ﬁ ber 737

– transfer 96

DNA assembly 878

– hierarchical 875

DNA nanoarray 871ff.

– addressable 872

– ﬁ nite-sized 872

– nucleated DNA self-assembly 874

– periodic 871

– self-assembled 876

DNA nanotechnology

– information guided self-assembly 869ff.

– structural 869ff.

Dollimore–Heal (DH) method 484

dopamine 300

doxorubicin (DOX)

– polymeric micelle 94, 107

Drude–Lorentz–Sommerfeld theory 389

drug delivery 663

– light-active azobenzene block copolymer

vesicle 52

– microbioceramics 548

– nanoassembly of block copolymer 91ff.

– nanobioceramics 546

– pH-sensitive nanoassembly 93

dynamic light scattering (DLS) 797

ecological toxicology 595ff.

– engineered carbon nanoparticle 595ff.

elastin-like polypeptide (ELP)

nanoassembly 397

– GNR–ELP 397

electric ﬁ eld 118

electrode

– AgNP/ITO 309

– AuNP/ITO 300ff., 315

Index 887

– biomolecule 315

– inorganic electrode-active material 322

– metal nanoparticle-attached 297ff.

– organic polymer battery 319ff.

– organic radical polymer electrode 324

– PtNC/GC 313

– PtNP/ITO 313

electrodeposition 212

electrohydrodynamic (EHD) ﬁ lm

instability 119

electron beam lithography (EBL) 124

electron hopping 321

electron-withdrawing group (EWG)

328

electronic device

– AuNP 288

electroporation

– MWNT 288

electrospinning 118

emitter

– CNT 289

emulsion polymerization 657

– core–shell 657

end functionalization 85

endblock-selective homopolymer 810

endocytosis 93f.

endogenous trigger 93ff.

energy dispersive spectroscopy

(EDS) 529

energy storage device 319ff.

enhanced permeability and retention

(EPR) effect 93

entropy 767ff.

– relative 771

epinephrine 300

2-D epitaxial array 172

epitaxial control 129

epitaxy 126ff.

– directional crystallization 140

EPM, see ethylene–propylene (random)

copolymer

epoxidation reaction 344ff., 509

– gold catalyst 344

17β-estradiol 662

estriol 670

etch resistance 16

1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl-amino-propyl)-

carbodiimide (EDC) 268

ethylene carbonate/diethylcarbonate

(EC/DEC) 319

ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA)

657

ethylene terephthalate cyclic oligomer

(ETCO) 431

ethylene–propylene (random) copolymer

(PE–PP rubber, EPM) 410

– EPM/OLS nanocomposite 421ff.

– functionalized with diethyl maleate

(EPM-g-DEM) 421ff.

– functionalized with maleic anhydride

(EPM-g-MAH) 410

excimer formation 380

exclusion zone 774

exfoliation 427, 472f.

– zigzag mechanism 473

external stimulus 102

extreme ultraviolet interferometric

lithography 124

extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation 17

fast Fourier transform (FFT) power

spectrum 133ff.

fatigue strength 575

Fe, see iron

ferrocene

– NCD-encapsulated 759

– nonaferrocenyl thiol dendron-

functionalized nanoparticle 750

ferrocenyl-polyethylene glycol (FPEG) 100

ﬁ ber 736

– DNA-based SWNT 737

ﬁ brillar micelle 825

ﬁ eld-emission scanning electron microscopy

(FESEM) 267, 299

ﬂ occulation 408

Flory–Huggins interaction 793

ﬂ uorescent sensing 655

fracture 556

– criterion 556

– probability 573

– strength 581

– stress 581ff.

Frank-van der Merwe régime 778

[60]fullerene (C

) 285, 670, 699ff.

– nanostructure 699ff.

fullerodendrimer 699

fullerodendron 702ff.

– photoelectronic property 704

functional ﬁ lm 177

– helical polymer-based 177

functionalization

– dendritic 758

– noncovalent 718

G1CO

tBu 700ff.

G1–5CO

tBu 703ff.

888 Index

G1CO

H 700

G2CO

tBu 700ff.

G2CO

H 700

G3CO

tBu 702ff.

G3CO

H 702

G4CO

tBu 703ff.

G4CO

H 703

G5CO

tBu 703

G5CO

H 703

Galam–Mauger formula 785

GaN nanotube 237

gas phase catalytic process 252

gel

– chemical 791

gelatin 791

gelation 768f.

– isothermal 825

gelator 816ff.

– biologically inspired 824

– oligopeptide-based 825

gene delivery

– nanoassembly of block copolymer

91ff.

gene therapy 530

geometry

– conﬁ ning 135

giant polymer chain 75

gill

– engineered carbon nanoparticle 607

glass

– bioactive 527

– transition temperature 22

glassy carbon (GC)

– attachment of AuNP 306

– attachment of PtNP 312ff.

glucose biosensor 289

glucose oxidase (GOx) 100, 726ff.

(3-glycidyloxypropyl) trimethoxysilane

((glycidoxypropyl)trimethoxy silane,

GLYMO) 35, 411

goethite nanorod 199

gold

– anion cluster 337

– Au/Al

353

– Au/ICMUV-1 509

– nanocatalyst 335ff.

– nanopattern 693f.

– nanowire 285

– polymer composite 393

– silver alloy catalyst 342

– tubule 196

gold catalyst 337ff., 349ff.

– epoxidation reaction 344ff.

– titan dioxide 344

gold nanoparticle (AuNP) 249ff., 297

– alkanethiolate-capped 274

– attachment on GC 306

– attachment on ITO 302ff.

– attachment onto mesoporous TiO

ﬁ lm 307

– AuNP-cored dendrimer 746ff.

– AuNP-directly attached ITO

(AuNP/ITO) 300ff.

– catalysis 288

– chemical sensor 288

– CNT composite 255ff.

– covalent linkage 268

– dendrimer 746

– deposition on the CNT surface 256

– dibenzo[24]crown-modiﬁ ed 275

– dodecane-thiol-modiﬁ ed 275

– electrode 298ff., 315

– electronic device 288

– growth 306

– growth on ITO 302ff.

– hydrogen bonding 271

– hydrophobic interaction 271

– interaction between modiﬁ ed AuNP

and CNT 267

– 11-mercaptoundecanoic

acid-functionalized 759

– MWNT composite 281

– seed-mediated growth method 298ff.

– silica-coated 282

– supramolecular interaction 271

– tetraoctylammonium bromide

stabilized 272

– thiol-stabilized 288

– water-dispersable AuNP–MWNT

hybrid 279

gold nanorod (GNR)

– elastin-like polypeptide (ELP)

nanoassembly 397

gold nanoshell

– goethite nanorod 199

gold nanotube 197ff.

– 3-D 197

– reactive ion etching 197

grafting on nanoparticle 763

graphite substrate 174

graphoepitaxy 124, 135ff.

– directional crystallization 138

group transfer polymerization

(GTP) 13

growth 46

gum arabica 719

gyration radius 77

gyroid network structure 4