Davim J.P.Machining of Hard Materials
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6 Computational Methods and Optimization 207
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209
Index
A
Alterations, 124, 127
hardness, 1–3, 5, 6, 15, 17, 20–22, 25,
34–40, 42, 44, 45, 47, 51, 63, 65,
87, 92, 93, 96, 97, 99, 104–107,
109, 112, 116–118, 120, 124, 125,
127–132, 134, 138, 143, 145, 148,
149, 192
microstructural, 124, 127, 129,
130, 144
Artificial neural networks, 180
B
Ball-end milling, 36, 42, 51, 59, 61,
64–67, 78, 84, 97
C
Ceramics, 18, 28, 34, 38–40, 43, 44, 54,
67, 87, 135
Chip, 3, 5–11, 13–16, 18–20, 22–24, 30,
33, 34, 38, 41, 43, 48–51, 53, 55–57,
62, 63, 67, 72, 74, 76, 80, 87–91,
94–101, 103–111, 112,121, 134–136,
143, 145–148, 150, 151, 153, 154,
156, 157, 159, 160, 164, 172
configuration, 110
formation, 13, 87, 99, 111
Clearance angle, 150, 158
Coatings, 33, 35, 43–49, 145
Commercial software, 145, 147, 149
Computational, 177–179
methods, 19, 22, 47, 67, 128, 177, 181,
182, 187, 188
tools, 1, 11, 17, 18, 21, 22, 24, 26,
28–30, 33–36, 38, 39, 41, 43–50,
52, 53, 55–59, 62–64, 66–70, 73,
75–77, 79–85, 87, 88, 91–95,
98–100, 103–105, 111, 116–118,
120–122, 124, 126–128, 131–133,
135–139, 144, 145, 147, 148, 156,
177–180, 183, 206
Constitutive material laws, 109, 147, 148
Constraints, 17, 119, 184, 185, 188, 202
Crack, 5–7, 9, 13, 44, 48, 94, 98–101,
103–105, 115, 124, 125, 127, 136, 138,
147, 148
initiation, 99–101, 136
propagation, 6, 9, 13, 48, 99–101,
136, 147
Cubic boron nitride, 1, 34, 40, 87,
116, 144
Cutting, 1, 3–11, 13–16, 18–30, 33–36,
38–48, 50–57, 59, 62, 63, 65–71,
74–77, 80–84, 87, 88, 90–101,
103–108, 110–112, 115–121, 124–127,
129–139, 143, 145–162, 164, 165,
167–169, 172, 177–179, 182, 184,
187, 188, 192–195, 202–205
energy, 2, 6–10, 13, 22, 41, 50, 56, 85,
87, 90, 95, 96, 100, 101, 132, 134,
150, 158
fluids, 20, 56, 116, 117
force, 3, 6–11, 13–15, 18, 20, 28, 29,
34, 38, 39, 41, 48, 50, 54, 62, 63,
69–71, 73, 75, 76, 81, 85, 87,
90–99, 103, 116–121, 132, 143,
145, 146, 148, 149, 151–153, 157,
159–162, 172, 179, 182, 184, 187,
188, 194, 195, 202, 203
210 Index
speed, 2–4, 7–10, 14, 15, 18–21,
24–26, 28, 29, 34, 35, 38, 41–46,
51, 52, 54, 57, 59, 62, 64–67,
69–75, 78, 80–82, 84, 90–101, 103,
104, 106–108, 110, 116–120, 124,
125, 127, 129–135, 139, 145, 149,
150, 152–158, 161, 162, 164, 165,
169, 178, 187, 192–195, 202
tools, 1, 11, 17, 18, 21, 22, 24, 26,
28–30, 33–36, 38, 39, 41, 43–50,
52, 53, 55–59, 62–64, 66–70, 73,
75–77, 79–85, 87, 88, 91–95,
98–100, 103–105, 111, 116–118,
120–122, 124, 126–128, 131–133,
135–139, 144, 145, 147, 148, 156,
177–180, 183, 206
D
Decision variables, 184, 187, 188,
202–204
Deviations
dimensional, 1, 67, 110, 115, 116,
120–123, 138, 143, 146, 149, 152,
157, 160, 186
geometric, 39, 84, 87, 90, 91, 99, 110,
115, 116, 121–124, 138, 144, 146,
147, 160
Diamond, 2, 34, 39, 40, 127
E
End milling, 18, 35, 36, 41, 46–48, 52, 53,
57–60, 74, 78, 80–82, 84, 93, 118–120,
124, 125, 127–129, 136
Evolutionary algorithms, 178, 189,
191, 192
F
Fatigue strength, 136, 137
FEM analysis, 143
Finite element
modelling, 87, 90, 98, 109, 110,
177–180, 182, 183, 189, 192, 194,
195, 206
models, 10, 13, 90, 109, 110, 145, 148,
149, 153, 155, 160, 172, 177–180,
183, 194, 195, 198, 202
simulation, 43, 143
Five axis, 67, 82
Fuzzy logic, 182
G
Genetic algorithm, 178, 191, 192,
203, 204
Geometric irregularities, 115, 116, 138
H
Hard, 1–11, 13–26, 28, 34–48, 51, 52,
57, 62–65, 76, 80, 83, 84, 87, 88,
90–93, 95–112, 115–134, 136–139,
143–145, 148, 149, 152, 154–157,
159–161, 177–180, 182–184, 187,
189, 191, 192, 206
boring, 1, 10, 14, 16, 17, 83, 121
broaching, 1, 19, 20, 35, 146
gear, 1–3, 14, 20, 21, 26, 28, 35, 85
machining, 1–3, 5–11, 13, 14, 16–18,
20–22, 24, 25, 28–30, 33–35,
37–42, 46–48, 51, 53–57, 62, 64,
67, 69, 71, 73–76, 78, 82–84, 87,
88, 90–92, 94–101, 103–105,
107–109, 115–119, 124–126,
128–130, 132–139, 143–150,
155, 156, 177–180, 182, 184,
187, 189, 191, 194, 195, 206
metal, 1–5, 8–11, 13, 15, 19, 30,
33–45, 47, 50, 51, 55, 73, 80, 81,
90, 95, 115, 124, 126, 134, 138,
145, 147, 148
milling, 1, 10, 14, 17–19, 28–30,
33–36, 38–40, 42, 43, 47, 51,
52, 54, 57–59, 62–67, 69, 70, 72,
76–84, 93, 96–98, 103, 105–107,
118–120, 122–125, 127, 129, 133,
136–139, 146, 179
reaming, 16, 17, 35, 121
High speed steels, 19, 21, 26, 35, 42
I
Intelligent, 178, 179, 183, 206
techniques, 18, 20, 33, 76, 147,
177–180, 182, 184, 188–191, 206
tools, 1, 11, 17, 18, 21, 22, 24, 26,
28–30, 33–36, 38, 39, 41, 43–50,
52, 53, 55–59, 62–64, 66–70, 73,
75–77, 79–85, 87, 88, 91–95,
98–100, 103–105, 111, 116–118,
120–122, 124, 126–128, 131–133,
135–139, 144, 145, 147, 148, 156,
177–180, 183, 206
Index 211
M
Machining, 1–3, 5–11, 13, 14, 16–18,
20–22, 24, 25, 28–30, 33–35, 37–42,
46–48, 51, 53–57, 62, 64, 67, 69, 71,
73–76, 78, 82–84, 87, 88, 90–92,
94–101, 103–105, 107–109, 115–119,
124–126, 128–130, 132–139, 143–150,
155, 156, 177–180, 182, 184, 187, 189,
191, 194, 195, 206
hard materials, 5, 21, 22, 34, 39, 51,
119, 134
systems, 3, 9, 13, 14, 19, 26, 34, 57,
67–74, 83, 178, 182, 183
Material side flow, 108
Mechanical models, 90, 103, 146
Mechanism of cutting, 90
Milling, 1, 10, 14, 17–19, 28–30, 33–36,
38–40, 42, 43, 47, 51, 52, 54, 57–59,
62–67, 69, 70, 72, 76–84, 93, 96–98,
103, 105–107, 118–120, 122–125, 127,
129, 133, 136–139, 146, 179
high feed, 11, 76, 88
plunge, 33, 78, 79
trochoidal, 33, 81, 82
Mould and dies, 64, 76, 79
Multitask machining, 76, 79, 82, 83
N
Neuro-fuzzy systems, 178, 182, 183
O
Objective function, 184–188, 202, 204
Optimization, 43, 48, 177, 184, 185, 188,
202
multi-objective, 185–187, 191, 203
single-objective, 185, 187
techniques, 18, 20, 33, 76, 147,
177–180, 182, 184, 188–191, 206
P
Position angle, 63
R
Rake angle, 150, 158
Residual stresses, 129, 168
Response surface methodology, 189
S
Sculptured surfaces, 65, 82
Shear instability, 102
Sintered carbide, 21, 34, 36
Skiving, 22–27, 30
Statistical modelling, 194
Surface alterations, 115, 124
Surface finish, 3, 4, 19, 138
Surface integrity, 115
Surface roughness, 25
T
Taguchi method, 130, 131, 135, 190, 191
Tool, 1–6, 8–36, 38–59, 62–88, 90–101,
103–108, 110–141, 143–148, 150, 151,
153–156, 158–164, 166, 171–175,
177–180, 182–184, 187, 188, 191–195,
198, 202, 204–207
clamping systems, 67, 70, 72
collet chuck, 19, 72
geometry, 3, 18, 22, 26, 27, 29, 30,
33, 35, 36, 41, 43, 57–63, 65, 84,
88, 89, 92–94, 98, 115, 116, 118,
120, 121, 130, 133, 135, 136, 138,
143–145, 148, 150, 154, 158,
187, 192
heat-shrink, 19, 71, 74
hydraulic-expansions, 19, 73
life, 3, 11, 18, 20, 21, 24, 25, 28, 30,
41, 46–49, 53–56, 63, 68, 77, 80,
81, 84, 125, 130, 133, 136, 137,
139, 144, 145, 156, 178, 179,
184, 187
wear, 2–4, 6, 8, 12–14, 18, 20, 21,
24, 25, 28, 34, 35, 38, 39, 41,
46, 47, 49–56, 65, 81, 84, 90,
91, 94, 97, 98, 100, 101, 108,
116–122, 124, 127, 129, 132–134,
136, 138, 139, 144, 148, 171, 178,
179, 182–184, 187, 193–195, 198,
202, 204, 205
Toolhorders
balancing, 70, 75
systems, 3, 9, 13, 14, 19, 26, 34, 57,
67–74, 83, 178, 182, 183
Turning, 4, 15, 22, 31, 32, 36, 50, 68, 80,
85, 113, 120, 125, 139, 148, 149, 152,
157, 160, 172, 174
Turn-milling, 33, 79, 80, 107