Bradbury Jim. The Routledge Companion to Medieval Warfare
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Henry I the Fowler (HRE) 38, 43–4, 158, 298
Henry II (Eng.) 16, 44, 62, 87, 146, 154, 194, 210, 214, 217, 289, 294, 295
Henry II of Bavaria 44
Henry II (HRE) the Saint 26, 44, 286
Henry III (Eng.) 6, 17, 33, 44–5, 57, 59, 195, 206, 212, 215, 259, 260, 289–90
Henry III (HRE) 26, 45, 295
Henry IV Bolingbroke (Eng.) 6, 45, 46, 48, 70, 78, 158, 160, 211, 215, 217, 218, 298, 316
Henry IV (HRE) 38, 45, 46, 48, 57, 81, 162, 287
Henry V (Eng.) 6, 22, 23, 45–6, 53, 196–7, 201, 202–3, 205–6, 211, 218, 265, 266, 267, 278, 285,
298
Henry V (HRE) 46, 146, 158, 290
Henry VI (Eng.) 12, 16, 18, 22, 31, 34, 46, 62, 94, 98–9, 211, 213, 214, 216, 217–18, 219
Henry VI (HRE) 46, 47, 77, 159, 298
Henry VII (Eng.) 18, 46–7, 67, 78, 94, 211, 212, 218
Henry VII (HRE) 19, 47
Henry VIII (Eng.) 266, 267
Henry Grosmont of Lancaster 160, 205
Henry of Champagne (Jeru.) 40, 49
Henry Raspe 47, 98, 159
Henry the Lion of Saxony 34, 46, 47, 163, 234
Henry the Wrangler of Bavaria 69, 70, 158
Heraclius (Byz.) 25, 47, 74, 170
heralds and heraldry 37, 152, 257, 259, 260, 262, 263–8, 280, 286
Herbert Wakedog of Maine 35, 117–18
Hereward the Wake 48, 95, 145, 150
Herman of Luxembourg 48
Herrings, Battle of the 201
Herstmonceux Castle 291
Hexamilion Wall 28, 61, 66, 175
Hexham, Battle of 65, 214
Hjórungavágr, Battle of 125, 126
hoarding 302–3
hobelars 276
Hochosterwitz Castle 291
Hohenburg, Battle of 162
Hohen-Mölsen, Battle of 45, 158, 162
Hohenstaufen (Staufen) family 26, 57, 159, 231, 236, 350
Holy River, Battle of 68. 125
Holy Roman Empire 6, 8, 69, 157–61
Homildon Hill, Battle of 48, 211, 214–15
Homs, Battle of 68, 74, 184, 188
Honorius 5, 12, 87, 132, 170
Hospitallers 188, 260, 292, 295, 313, 314–15
hostages 31, 52, 150
Hotspur, Henry Percy 45, 48, 214–15, 216, 218
household troops 272, 273, 276
Huesca 222, 224
Index 395
Hugh Capet (Fr.) 48, 193–4, 202
Hugh du Puiset 49, 58, 73, 194
Humphrey of Toron 49
Hunald I and II of Aquitaine 20, 49, 114
Hundred Years’ War 18, 23, 30, 32, 34, 39, 46, 51, 53, 54, 71, 73, 86, 165, 195, 197, 199, 200, 204,
223, 224, 243, 244, 245, 309
Hungary and Hungarians 6, 23, 35, 45, 49, 49, 56, 61, 105, 159, 160, 163, 172, 177, 182, 243;
see also
Pannonia
Huns 4, 5, 25, 104–5, 174
Hunyadi, John 49, 63, 160, 175, 185, 191
huscarls 272, 276
zv375
Hussites 35, 74, 86, 94, 160, 161, 162, 165–6, 184, 240, 243
Hüsterknupp 291
Ibelin 13, 183
Iberia 3, 7, 33, 106, 115, 221–3, 314, 342
Ida of Bernicia 49–50, 134
Idle, Battle of the River 138
Ilghazi of Aleppo 187, 271–2
indentures 276
infantry 63, 90, 240, 276–7
interregnum in Germany 27, 70, 84, 159
Ireland 31, 44, 47, 51, 78, 79, 86, 87, 98, 124, 128, 210
Isaac II Angelus (Byz.) 7, 11, 17, 174
Isabella I of Castile 50, 225;
see also
Ferdinand II
Islam 27, 106, 171, 178, 182–5
Italy 5, 6, 10, 12, 14, 16, 20, 23, 24, 26, 29, 39, 68, 90, 97, 104, 145, 158, 229–31, 336, 343
Ivar Yngvarr 50
Jacquerie, the 61, 195, 201–2
Jagiełło of Poland 160, 165
Jaime I (Ar.) 8, 15, 50, 195, 204, 222–3, 247, 301, 302, 319
Janissaries 15, 66, 172, 175
j
avelins 107, 116–17, 147
Jeanne Laisné (Hachette) 197
Jelling 38, 41, 123
Jengland, Battle of 117
Jerusalem, city and kingdom 3, 10, 13, 23, 25, 27, 35, 36, 38, 85, 99, 182–4, 188, 264, 313, 339,
352
Jeufosse 123, 126
Jews 54, 182
Joanna II of Naples 50
Joan of Arc 23, 50–1, 192, 196, 197, 201, 204, 207, 288
John (Eng.) 6, 19, 33, 51, 57, 59, 73, 77, 146, 197–8, 210, 212, 217, 218, 287, 288, 289, 290, 296
John I de Brienne (Byz./Jeru.) 12, 51, 186
John I Tzimisces (Byz.) 14, 28, 51, 173
Index 396
John II Comnenus (Byz.) 7, 10, 52
John II the Good (Fr.) 18, 52, 195, 198, 205
John II Asen of Bulgaria 90, 175
John III Dukas Vatatzes (Byz.) 52
John V (Byz.) 11, 52, 174
John VI Cantacuzenus (Byz.) 52
John VII Palaeologus (Byz.) 52–3
John VIII Palaeologus (Byz.) 28, 53
John of Bohemia 22, 164, 200
John of Luxembourg (Blind) 53
John the Fearless of Burgundy 23, 53, 190
John Vatatzes 61, 177, 178
Jómsborg and Jómsvikings 91, 125, 126
Joscelyn II of Edessa 10, 187
Juan I of Aragón 53–4
Juan I of Castile 54, 223
Julian the Apostate (Byz.) 54, 170
Justin II (Byz.) 54
Justinian I (Byz.) 10, 15, 16, 25, 54–5, 107, 170, 176, 178
Justinian II (Byz.) 55
Jutland 38, 41
Kalamata, Battle of 175
Kalka, Battle of 172
Karlštejn 291
keeps 303
Kerak-in-Moab 49, 75, 291–2
Kerbogha of Mosul 55, 72, 185, 187
Khazars 25, 55, 171–2
Kiev 15, 171–2
Kilij Arslan 55, 61, 78, 189
Kilij Arslan II 176, 186, 187
Kirby Muxloe Castle 292
Klokotnitsa, Battle of 175
knighthood and knighting 13, 41, 144, 312
Kosedag, Battle of 175
Kosovo 15, 49, 172, 175
Krak des Chevaliers 15, 183, 188, 282, 292, 314
Krum of Bulgaria 55, 56, 172, 178
Kulikovo, Battle of 172, 175
Kustendil, Battle of 172, 175
Ladislas of Naples and Hungary 56
La Forbie
see
Harbiya, Battle of
Lake Peipus, Battle of 66, 160, 162, 172, 316
Lancaster, Thomas Earl of 30, 56, 210, 212
Lancastrians 12, 16, 31, 33, 45, 46, 47, 65, 218, 354
Index 397
lances 97, 243, 244–5, 257, 277, 279, 312
Langeais 35, 284, 292
Laon 202
Largs, Battle of 7, 215
Larissa 176
La Roche-Guyon 296
La Rochelle 32, 39, 202
Las Navas de Tolosa, Battle of 8, 222, 224
Latin Empire of Byzantium 171–2, 174, 178, 183
laws of war 164
Lechfeld, Battle of the 69, 158, 162–3
Legnano, Battle of 34, 159, 163, 234
Leicester, Earl of 214, 217
Lenzen, Battle of 44, 163
Leo V the Armenian (Byz.) 55, 56, 64, 178
Leo VI the Wise (Byz.) 14, 28, 56, 99
León 3, 8, 9
Leopold of Austria 164, 185, 186
Leovigild the Visigoth 56–7, 106
Lewes 30, 44, 66, 210, 215, 292
Lewis IV Wittelsbach (HRE) 57, 164
Liège 202
Liegnitz, Battle of 163, 316
Lincoln, Battles of:
first 37, 65, 80, 86, 93, 98, 151, 146, 241;
second 33, 59, 98, 210, 215
Lincoln, Earl of 57, 218
Linz Castle 292
Lisbon 8, 32, 54, 223, 224, 301
Lithuania and Lithuanians 66, 159, 162, 172, 316
Livonia 160, 162
Llan-faes, Battle of 138–9
Llewelyn ap Gruffydd 57
Llewelyn ap Iorwerth, the Great 57
Loches Castle 292
Loja, Battle of 17, 224
Lombard League 34, 35, 159, 161, 163, 164, 230–1, 233, 234, 235
Lombards and Lombardy 5, 6, 21, 39, 69, 72, 97, 105, 108, 114–15, 117, 118, 258
London and Londoners 6, 33, 40, 91, 126, 144, 150, 215
longbows 42, 196, 197, 200, 204, 206, 218, 223, 241, 245, 277
Lothar I 48, 113, 116, 117
zv376
Lothar III 57–8, 113
Lotharingia (Lorraine) 24, 158
Loudoun Hill, Battle of 215
Louis I the Pious 23, 58, 67, 116, 117, 118
Louis VI (Fr.) 22, 43, 46, 49, 58, 97, 146, 148, 194
Louis VII the Young (Fr.) 58, 93, 183, 186, 194, 217
Index 398
Louis VIII the Lion (Fr.) 6, 17, 19, 34, 51, 59, 98, 210, 215, 218, 289, 295, 296, 299
Louis IX Saint (Fr.) 17, 23, 50, 59, 180, 184, 189, 190, 195, 206, 257, 279, 298
Louis XI (Fr.) 23, 24, 59, 164, 165, 196, 197, 202, 203, 275
Louis of Orléans 53, 196
Louis the German 24, 116, 117, 127
Louvre 293
Ludovico II Sforza 59–60
Lumphanan, Battle of 139
Ma’arrat al-Numan 78, 188–9
Macbeth 139
maces 245–6
machicolation 294, 301, 303
Madoc 286, 287, 289
Maél Sechnaill 86, 124, 128
Magnús I Ólaf sson the Good 60, 124
Magyars 44, 69, 88, 158, 159, 160, 162–3, 171, 280
Málaga 8, 17, 50, 293
Malatesta, Sigismondo 60
Malcolm III Canmore (Scot.) 26, 81, 95, 139, 145
Maldon, Battle of 4, 18–19, 68, 139
Malik Shah 10, 60
Malta 82, 173, 182, 286, 301, 313, 315
Mamlukes 5, 74, 184, 185
Man, Isle of 7, 127
Manfred 23, 27, 60, 232
mangonels 284, 303
Maniakes, George 28, 60–1, 64, 84, 100, 145
Mansurah, Battle of 15, 59, 184, 187, 189
mantlet 303
Mantua 45, 293
Manuel I Comnenus (Byz.) 61, 176
Manuel II Palaeologus (Byz.) 28, 61, 174, 175, 178
Manzikert, Battle of 9–10, 52, 84, 171, 176
Marcel, Étienne 61, 202
Marchf eld, Battle of the 70, 84, 163, 257
Margaret of Anjou (Eng.) 12, 16, 62, 212, 218–19
Margat Castle 293
Marienburg 160, 293–4, 314, 316
Marignano, Battle of 234
Maserfeld, Battle of 71, 139
Master James of St George 286, 287, 289, 290, 296, 301
Matilda, the Empress 16, 36, 37, 43, 46, 62, 65, 80, 86–7, 93, 98, 146, 150, 151, 152, 154, 285, 289
Maunay, Olivier de 200, 205
Maurice (Byz.) 25, 54, 62, 74, 170
Mauron, Battle of 202
Maximilian I Habsburg (HRE) 35, 59, 62–3, 162, 196
Index 399
Mayenne 151
Mearcredesburna, Battle of 4, 139
Meaux 22, 46, 202–3
medical provision 277
Medici, Cosimo de’ 63, 231
Medici family 230–1, 232, 234
Medici, Lorenzo de’, the Magnificent 63, 231
Mehmet I 16, 53
Mehmet II 28, 63, 168, 173, 174
Melus of Bari 63, 75, 145, 148
Mercadier 63–4, 272
mercenaries 7, 9, 11, 15, 19, 24, 25, 28, 31, 33, 34, 39, 42, 57, 60, 62, 63, 75, 77, 82, 91, 98, 123,
126, 132, 145, 164, 178, 184, 196, 201, 206, 212, 214, 218, 234, 242, 245, 246, 272, 273, 274, 275–
6, 277;
see also condottieri
Mercia 4, 40, 68, 71, 133, 134, 136, 137, 138, 139
merlon 303
Merovech the Salian 64, 104
Merovech son of Chilperic 18, 40
Merovingians 5, 25, 40, 64, 72, 113–14, 345
Merseburg, Battle of 163
Messina 151, 235
Methven, Battle of 79, 215–16
meutrières 303
Michael I Rhangabe (Byz.) 55, 64, 178
Michael II the Stammerer (Byz.) 64, 173
Michael III the Sot (Byz.) 13–14, 15, 64
Michael IV the Paphlagonian (Byz.) 42, 60, 64–5, 100
Michael V (Byz.) 60–1, 100
Michael VIII Palaeologus (Byz.) 11, 13, 65, 171, 174, 177
Michelotto 274, 277
Milan 19, 26, 34, 36, 59, 163–4, 230–1, 232, 233, 234, 235, 273–4
Miles of Gloucester 65, 154
military orders 9, 13, 160, 185, 312, 313–16;
see also
Hospitallers, Templars, Teutonic Knights
military service 20, 53, 61, 93, 160. 173, 271, 274
mining 39, 161, 187, 189, 198, 199, 284, 303
ministeriales 45, 159, 278
misericorde 242, 246
moats 40, 52, 198, 286, 295, 303
Moira, Battle of 139–40
Mongols 15, 16, 65, 66, 74, 89, 104, 159, 160, 163, 172, 175, 184, 186, 188, 241
Mons-en-Pévèle, Battle of 73, 195, 200, 203
Montagu, Lord 65, 212, 214
Montboyau 35, 203
Monte Maggiore, Battle of 97, 145, 151–2
Montfort Castle 315
Index 400
Montfort, Simon de, earl of Leicester 30, 44, 57, 65, 66, 210, 213, 215
Montfort, Simon de, the Elder 65–6, 76, 190, 204
Montgisard, Battle of 13, 85, 189
Montiel, Battle of 32, 71, 224
Montlhéry, Battle of 24, 59, 196, 203, 256
Montréal Castle 183, 294
Montreuil-Bellay 37, 203, 294, 319
Montségur 189, 195, 294
Morat, Battle of 24, 156, 164, 196
Morcar earl of Northumbria 48, 145, 150
Morea 28, 97
Morgarten, Battle of 161, 164, 244
Morlaix, Battle of 204
zv377
morning star 246
Morocco 9, 17
Mortemer, Battle of 43, 95, 144, 152
Mortimer, Edmund 70, 211, 217
Mortimer’s Cross, Battle of 31, 46, 92, 216
motte and bailey castles 284, 285, 291, 302, 304
Mount Badon, Battle of 11, 20, 132, 134, 140
Mount Levunium, Battle of 176
mounted archers 162, 163, 164, 187
Mühldorf, Battle of 53, 57, 164
Muiderslot Castle 294
Muley Hasan 66
Murad I 15, 173–4, 175
Murad II 49, 53, 66, 174, 175, 178, 191, 243
Muradel, Battle of 8, 224
Muret, Battle of 66, 76, 204
Murzuphlus
see
Alexius V
Myriocephalum, Battle of 61, 176
Myton, Battle of 216
N
aissus, Battle of 104, 108
N
ajéra, Battle of 31, 32, 39, 71, 224–5
N
ancy, Battle of 24, 164, 196, 244
N
antes 35, 117, 126
N
aples 16, 23, 230–1, 235, 356
N
arses 55, 74, 107, 109, 170
N
atanleod 20, 133
N
avarre 7, 8, 18
N
echtanesmere, Battle of 140
N
esle, Guy de 202, 203
N
etley, Battle of 20, 140
N
euss 24, 196, 204
N
eustria 18, 23, 25, 105, 109, 113
N
eva, Battle of 66, 172
Index 401
N
eville’s Cross, Battle of 216
N
evsky, Alexander of Novgorod 66–7, 160, 162, 172, 316
N
icaea 10, 11, 14, 38, 55, 171, 175, 176–7, 182, 189
N
ika Revolt 16, 54, 176
N
ikephorus II Phokas (Byz.) 14, 67
N
iort Castle 294–5
N
iš, Battle of 49;
see also
Naissus, Battle of
N
issa, Battle of 42, 126–7
N
ominoë of Brittany 24, 58, 67, 116, 117
N
ormans and Normandy 4, 7, 10, 16, 17, 19, 23, 28, 37, 45, 46, 60, 63, 75, 80, 83, 97, 98, 123,
143–6, 196, 197, 198, 245, 309, 336, 349
N
orthampton, Battle of 31, 46, 216
N
orthumberland, Earl of, Henry Percy I 67, 211, 213, 214–15
N
orthumberland, Earl of, Henry Percy II 67
N
orthumberland, Earl of, Henry Percy III 67
N
orthumberland, Earl of, Henry Percy IV 67
N
orthumbria 4, 127, 133, 134
N
orway and the Norse 7, 26, 32, 42, 60, 68, 104, 123–4, 125
N
ovara, Battle of 235
N
ur ed-Din 10, 13, 67–8, 75, 76, 85, 183, 186
N
uremburg Castle (the Kaiserburg) 295
N
yborg 295
Odo I of Blois 194, 292
Odo II of Blois 35, 117–18, 203
Odoacer the Rugian 4, 24, 68, 84, 90, 104–5, 106, 108, 170
Offa of Mercia 68, 134, 140
Oissel 123, 126, 127
Ólaf I Tryggvason of Norway 4, 19, 68, 88, 124, 126, 139
Ólaf II Haroldsson of Norway, Saint 26, 42, 68–9, 91, 120, 124, 125, 126, 128
Orace the trumpeter 203
Orders of chivalry 8, 30, 34, 202, 204
Ordoño II of León 8, 69, 222
Orford Castle 295
Orhan 11, 69, 177
Orléans 4, 12, 23, 24, 51, 104, 108, 197, 204
Ostrogoths 6, 10, 16, 25, 54, 68, 104–5
Otford, Battles of 29, 140
Othman I 69
Otterburn, Battle of 48, 216, 241
Otto I the Great (HRE) 69, 158, 162–3
Otto II (HRE) 41, 44, 69–70, 158, 177
Otto III (HRE) 44, 70, 158
Otto IV (HRE) 33, 35, 47, 59, 70, 73, 159, 197–8
Ottokar I of Bohemia 70
Ottokar II of Bohemia 70, 84, 163
Index 402
Ottoman Turks 11, 15, 16, 18, 49, 52, 53, 61, 69, 171, 172–3, 174, 175, 177, 184–5, 190, 309
Ourique, Battle of 5, 225
Owen Glendower 45, 48, 70–1, 211, 217, 287, 289, 291
Oxford 62, 152
Palermo 16, 81, 82
Pannonia 6, 13, 21, 105–6
Papal States 230–1, 234
Paris 23, 25, 53, 61, 70, 74, 123, 127, 302
Parma 35, 164–5
Patay, Battle of 51, 196, 204
Pavia 5, 6, 16, 21, 29, 68, 108, 117, 235
pavise 304
Pazzi Conspiracy 63, 231
Peace of:
Alney 19;
Bagnolo 234;
Everlasting 55;
God 22, 96;
Lodi 63, 85, 230, 343;
Montlouis 58;
Paris 22;
Turin 233;
Wedmore 40;
Zurich 161
Peasants’ Revolt 78, 210, 216–17, 296
Pechenegs 3, 7, 28, 52, 84, 88, 171–2, 176
Pedro I of Aragón 222, 224
Pedro I the Cruel of Castile 31, 32, 71, 224–5
Pedro II of Aragón 204, 224
Pedro III of Aragón (the Great) 71, 171, 235–6
Pedro IV of Aragón 223–4
Pelagonia, Battle of 65, 176–7
pele tower 304
Pelekanos, Battle of 11, 69, 177
Penda of Mercia 71, 133, 134, 135, 136, 138, 139, 140, 141
Peonnan, Battle of 140
Pepin I of Landen 71, 114
Pepin II of Aquitaine 71–2, 116, 117
Pepin II of Heristal 23, 72, 74, 107, 109, 114
Pepin III (the Short) 5, 19, 20, 23, 49, 72, 105, 114, 118
Pepin the Hunchback 20, 22, 114
Percy family 45, 67, 70, 85, 211, 213, 214–15, 216, 218;
zv378
see also
Hotspur, Henry Percy;
Northumberland, Earl of
Persia and Persians 16, 25, 27, 47, 48, 54, 62, 170–1, 174
Peter the Hermit 72, 182, 186
Index 403
Pevensey 4, 133, 139, 140–1, 144
Philip I (Fr.) 17, 36, 49, 72–3, 194, 199
Philip II Augustus (Fr.) 12, 19, 33–4, 35, 44, 51, 63, 73, 77, 146, 147, 159, 183, 185, 194, 197–8,
199, 201, 279, 285, 287, 288, 290, 292, 293
Philip IV (the Fair) (Fr.) 73, 195, 200, 203, 313, 315, 340
Philip VI (Fr.) 22, 73, 195, 198–9, 200
Philip of Swabia 35, 70, 159
Phoenicus, Battle of 177
Phokas (Byz.) 62, 74
pikes 74, 77, 162, 163, 164, 200, 203, 232, 244, 246, 248, 277
Pilleth, Battle of 217
pirates 67, 82, 307
Plessis-Bourré, Le 295
Plessis-Grimoult, Le 295
Poimanenon 52, 177
Poitiers, Battle of 18, 30, 31, 52, 195, 205, 245;
see also
Tours, Battle of
Pola, Battle of 235
Poland and Poles 6, 26, 159–60, 163, 172, 316
pole-axes 246
Pollentia, Battle of 5, 87, 108
Pontlevoy, Battle of 35, 117–18
portcullis 304
Portugal 3, 5, 9, 32, 222, 225
postern 304
Prokop the Hussite 74, 161
Qalawun of Egypt 5, 74, 184, 185, 188
Qtuz of Egypt 15, 74, 186
Radbod of Frisia 74, 107
Radcot Bridge, Battle of 45, 78, 217
Raedwald of East Anglia 74, 133, 138
Ragnar Hairy Breeches 74–5
Rainald of Châtillon 13, 49, 75, 188, 291–2
Rainulf Drengot 75, 145, 148
Ralph the Timid 75
Ramiro II of León 3, 75, 222, 225
Ramleh, Battles of 12, 190
ransoms 18, 40, 46, 48, 52, 53, 59, 77, 185, 197, 215, 235
ravelin 304
Ravenna 5, 54. 68, 108
Raymond I of Tripoli and IV of Toulouse 38, 76, 182, 187, 188, 189
Raymond III of Tripoli 13, 188, 190
Raymond VI of Toulouse 76, 190, 204
Raymond VII of Toulouse 17, 76, 189, 294
Raymond of Antioch 52, 75–6, 85
Index 404