Bourke Ulick J. Easy lessons, or Self-instruction in Irish / Легкие уроки: самоучитель ирландского языка

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SELF-INSTRUCTION IN IRISH.

169

in the

meaning

is, that the

latter

expresses

the

presence

use

the thing

named

;

the former

indicates

right

its

possession;

as,

"civ

A]|t3iob

A5Atr)" acc

tjf

liottj"

pé]T)

é,

have"

money, but

it is not my

own.

"Civ, ^5^117,"

shows

the

money is in hand;

"i;i

IjOrr),"

(not with

me) indicates

the person's

right to

it.

EXERCISE

XLII.

1. You have

money,

but

is it

your own? 2.

have

money, but

it is not

own.

father has land,

but

it is not

his own.

4. My

mother has

house,

but it

is not

her own. 5.

My brother usually

has

(bi6eAT;r)

a]3) money,

but

it is not

his own. 6. Has

your sister

book

which

not

her

own?

sister has not

book which

is not

her own. 8.

The landlord

(a]5 c]5eA]tT)A t;<v caItí^at;)

has

herds (ctieubA),

cows, horses,

sheep,

and

goats,

but they

are

not

his

own. 9.

This land

(cAÍArb)

good, but it

is not

our own. 10. To

speak the

truth (le]|*

at;

fi|i|i;e

|i^6),

there

is nothing our own.

Obs.

—

l.e]|% with,

is formed from le,

by adding to

it the

euphonic

sibilant

a letter which,

in every

cultivated lan-

guage, is

annexed

to certain vocables,

to prevent hiatus.

Its

correct spelling,

therefore,

is le]*, but

usage has.

adopted

the

spelling le)|-.

te,

with,

assumes the

form

lejf

(pr. lesh)

before the

article

at;,

the

;

after

the

interrogative

pronoun

cja, who;

and the relative pronoun

who

;

as,

Cja

lei^-"

at;

bornsn

yo?

—To

whom does this

world belong

Le]f

at;

'C]5e<\Tti;A

(with), to the Lord.

C|a

a b-pu]l

]'e

co|\\it;a]1

le]]*?

Who

is it

whom

he is like to (with)?

l,e]i*

is also the third person singular

masculine

of the

prepositional

pronoun, 1]0it;, with me; leAC,

with

thee;

leif,

with

hiin,

or with it; as, 2li)

S&a]iIa}'

at;

leAbAji

yo? (I3

it with

Charles this book) Does this

jjook

belong

to Charles?

"leif"

(it

icith him),

it does.

EXERCISE

XLIII.

CjA

le||*

Ai;

bA]le

fo?

lejf

aí;

TIiJeAfti;^

3. C]<\

le]y

at; q|t

yo? 4.

)}•

rt;u]T;c]fi

i;a

l;-6iiieAT;

C|A

\e]y at; caUtt;

fo?

l(on;-fA

Nac

ACAT|t

leif.

CjA

le||*

r;A bA

a5u)* i;a cao-

170

SELF-INSTRUCTION

IRISH.

]tAi5, ^^^

caIatt)

Asitf

A13

c|tAi5?

10.

c|5eAtiUA

i)^

caItÍ7Aí)

^Ab.

11.

CiA le]f

At) 5AbAtj

]-o?

12.

peA|t

n^A^t

beiji

At?

i-eAt^-jiixo. 13.

T^^i^lb

tt^ajc

a^a»,

piof

A5Art)

j-jt),

5ii|i

feA|i

At) bo,

At)

5AbAt).

14.

2lcc

C]A A^i

le]|*

At)

bo; at)

6eA|tb-bfiACAi]i

15.

le.\y.

16,

CiA

le]]'

At) c-Ó5At)Ac yo?

17.

2li)

leu*

ai)

5<\|it&ii)eA--

T)o

peA]! AT) c|5

TT)ó||i.

18.

leif

ai)

5<\iii&i!)eAC

(gardener)

é.

19.

h)A]c

at)

^eA]t

é'.

Obs.

—

The

interrogative

possessive

pronoun

luhose

translated

into

Irish

in the form

icliom

with,

cja

leif

;

as.

"whose

this book"

(Irish idiom

—whom

with

the

book

this)?

c]A

le]f

At)

leAbAji |-o? l]ort)-|-A

(with myself)

mine.

(See

Obs.

Twenty-sixth

Lesson,

162.)

For

ex-

amples,

see the

foregoing

and

following

Exercises.

Whose,"

meaning

of whom,"

which,"

on whom,"

being

part

of, the

likeness of^

translated,

not

leif,

but

the

preposition

be, of; or

A^ft,

on;

and

C|a

;

as,

icliose

image

and likeness

is this?

c|a be

ai)

iort)A]5

A5Uf

ai) co-

|-att)Iacc

fo?

CAe^Aft

(of Caesar),

Caesar's.

VOCABULARY.

From

the

following

few

generic

names,

cii,

hound,

greyhound,

any dog

(n)<\ov6,

dog),

cofitx,

crane,

njíol,

any

animal,

is derived

—

adding

each a word

expressive of

the

peculiar quality

each

species—a

great

num-

ber of specific terms

by which

the

various

kinds

contained

under

these genera,

and other animals of

kindred

characteristic

features,

are denominated

Dog, hound, cú, m

;

plur.

coin ;

Gr.

Kvuv

;

Lat.

canis.

Wolf,

CÚ

aUa|c

;

Tr)Aí5Aó

AlUió,

from

CÚ, or n)A&<xó, and AlU)ó,

wild

;

njAC-cffte

another name

for

wolf;

and

pAol-cú, from

^aoI,

wild,

cruel.

Pointer, >

Cú, or

njAbAó

ounAc,

(from

Spaniel,

)

the same,

and eurjAC, of

birds)

; njA&Aó a]\"5e, a

water-dog,

spaniel.

Moth,

cii

notjoA,

the mildew worm,

fur insect.

ranger,

slow-hound,

cú-Ui]ti5e,

from lon5,

to seek,

to trace.

Greyhound, njfol-cu.

Otttr,

njAOAó

Uirse

;

cú

&0T)n ;

cú

tD.MlA.

Rabbit, CO

infi),

the

diminutive

cojrj

;

Latin,

cuuiculns.

Falcon,

large

hawk, TrAolcon.

Bandog,

Aft-cu, from

i\V;

chain,

and

;

nArc-cu, same,

from

OAfc,

collar,

and

cu.

Fox,

riOPAC,

TtJA&AÓ

tUlAÓ.

Crane,

cofin,

cotifi

ttjónA.

Bittern,

fonn

ST^ejne.

This

bird

commonly

called

bunAij

leuoA.

Cheslip,

conji-corAc.

Earwig, cottti.5oblAc.

Grassliopper,

cofifi caoI.

Heron, conn

5lAr.

Salamander,

cofifi-cA5Ailce.

Screech-owl,

conr^-r5niAcÓ5.

Stork,

co]\]\

bX\n.

animal, a

beast,

large

or small,

njfol

;

as,

míol-njón,

a whale;

miólro5(asif

rnjol-os,

a diminutive

animal), a^fly,

ju^Aov,

milon (Gr.)

sheep

;

mil, Welsh.

SELF-INSTRUCTION

IN IHISH.

171

Bat, n)iol-Ó5

le»\Cv\if\e

(leAcAjji,

leather).

Crab,

n^fol

rpA3AC (from

rp^^S.

daw);

a frog or toad,

njfol lij^sAn

(from

ttjA5),a

small

paw.

gut-worm,

njfol

óoile.

moth,

n)fol

cojUe.

hare,

n)fol

buióe,

from njfol, and

buióe,

yellow. The

common name

for hare

sionnviAo,

from

3ionn,

short, and

ii^e,

deer,

any wild

animal.

EXERCISE

XLIV.

Whose hat is

this?

Ci<v

leji*

at) bA]ttiév\b

yo?

Mine

(liorrj-fA).

Whose house

is this?

4. It is John's.

Whose

knife

this

? 6. Jane's.

Whose pen

{pe^m)

this?

Whose paper (pApé]]t) is

this? 9.

Whose

ink

(bubAc)

this? 10.

Whose

ink-bottle

(bubAbi\n) is

this?

11.

Whose slate

(^Uvca)

is this? 12.

Whose

quill

(clejce)

is tliat?

13.

Whose is

this

horse

(cApAÍ,

cac) James

has?

14.

AV'hose likeness

this?

15.

Whose

image

this?

16. Whose

history is

this (on whom is

this

history)

17.

Whose

history

(yzi\]]x)

is this (with

whom, i.e.,

whom

belongs

this book of history

—

leAbAjt

yz<\]]to) ? 18.

Whose,

bread

is this? 19.

Whose

meat

that? 20.

Whose

that

hound

—

Cia

leif

ai)

cii

fji)?

21. It

is my

father's

—

nj'ACAiii

22. Whose is

that

dog,

and

this

grey-

hound, and that spaniel which

you

have?

23.

They

are

not

yours. 24.

Will you,

you please-,

walk

with me

along

the

bank of

this river

—

2li)

fiubAlpAjo

cu Iprr),

rrjix

tio

io][ e

Aifi

b|iuAC TjA

b-AbA]t)e

o ? 25. I will

—

1*111-

bAlpAb.

26.

Do you

see the crane yonder (caU)

the

brink of

the pond

—

a]|i

b|iiiAC

t;A

lir)T)e?

27. I do

—

ye]C]n).

28.

see hares,

and

rabbits, and

herons,

and storks,

all

here;

it is an amusing

spot

{]y

y\A\vV'<sc

at)

iv|c

e), whose

is it

—

c|<v

leif

29. It

belongs

to the

Duke of

Leinster

—

ceAupAfic

i)A

LAi5eAT)

é. 30.

I am

obliged to you for

your

attention, but

must

go to

Dublin to-night

—

e]5]t)

bAm

bill

BAjle

21cA-cliAc

rjocr.

31.

time to

—

z<s

Auu

Art)

irr)ceACC.

TWENTY-NINTH

LESSON.

Obs.

—Adjectives

signify

fitness,

unfitness, profit, dis-

profit, pleasure,

pain,

convenience,

inconvenience,

indiffer-

ence, agreeableness, are

followed

tire prepositions

tDO,

to;

A||i,

on;

Ai;i;,

in;

le,

leji*,

with;

y^o\, under.

The

four

172

SELF-INSTRUCTION

IRISH.

former, bo, A]]i,

aiji?,

^aoj, impart

to the noun the usual

prepositional

meaning of

relation

;

le, however, betokening

an aíFection of the

mind,

adds

to its prepositional force

the

idea

opinion, judgment;

as,

hiiJ^civji'ceAC

bo"

Sei\5At;

ai)

obA^ft

yo—This work is

profitable

John

(expressing merely

that, in relation

John,

the work

profitable,

without specifying

whether or

not he

considers it

such).

biii:)ci\i|-cev\c

le"

Se^SvM)

At)

obAifi

—This

work

considered" profitable

John.

"olc

leo" é

—

"They consider" it

evil.

olc

bO]b"

—

bad

for them."

2t)v\'|*

olc

oivjiAib"

é—

If it

bad

you (a

form

expression

used by

those

who

do a

thing

grudge or vex).

2t)<\'c

olc o]ic

é,

bé<s\)ys\]6

rrje é

—If

evil

for

you

(just to

spite

you) I shall

do it.

Bu6

5eAU<\rbAil

o|in)"

é—

was friendly

towards"

me.

Bu6

3eAt)ATT)<vil

bvvm

—

H^-

was

friendly

'•

to"

me.

Bub

5CAi)An)<v]l

"Ani)" A

ceAC

yé]o

—He was friendly

in" his own

house.

Bu6

5eAi)Arbv\il

"l]oin"

—

'considered"

him

friendly.

"tnAic

bArn"

Acc

mAfc

l|0ii7"

—

is t/ood

fur

me, but

not

consider

(jood.

VOCABULARY.

CeAn,

fondness,

regard

;

a kin-

dred

meaning

with

CY>m

{kynn),

affection.

CeA\D.vii)Ail,

friendly;

from

ceAn, and

Ari).\|l, like.

Just as

from

5eAi),

affection,

love,

derived

scaoa-

njAiU

amiable,

lovely

;

from

Sn-Mi,

love,

5ru\óAn)A[l,

love-

able

;

and,

general,

adjectives

tiA]óbift,

poor; opposed to

r<^lób||i,

rich.

OeACAirt,

difficult, impossible

(from

ho,

like dus, in

Greek,

particle

betokening difficulty,

and

cujri,

put,

settle)

;

its

second

meaning

is,

strange, mournful

—

derived

from

00,

and c.\\\, friendly,

ti)AnAv,

violence, vehemence,

force;

with

passive

signification

ariiJ^-

from

bjAi),

vehement,

derived

from

primitive

nouns

annexing

them

the

suffix

AiijAjl, like: as,

^\.-y\t,

prince;

irUitAiijAil;

princely,

munificent

;

feAT'.,aman:

t:t>,\iiAtijA|l,manly;

rr^QAx,

respect

;

iijcArAiijAil,

re-

spectable

njoé, esteem ;

njoo-

AtijAjl, estimable.

PlA|ceAf, m,

kingdom,

heaven

;

from

vlAic,

prince. It

is at

present

applied to that kingdom

of which

our Lord

Jesus

Christ

is King,

vlA|ceAr

ha ijAorij,"

the

kingdom

the saints.

SELF-INSTRUCTION

IRISH.

17S

EXERCISE XLV.

]]•

TnA]C

bu]c" A

be]6

bocc

3]6

i;|

mA]t

"Ioac"

(*.

Ji*

rr^vVic

0117"

beic

ai)1) |-o,

5]6

i)ac

rrj^]t

"bAit/'

é.

2li)

n7A]C "leAc"

ceAcc

lion)?

ttjajc

lioii)"

bill leAC,

3i6

fe]í5i|i

rp-buó

n)A]c &An) é. 5.

2lii

rv^\]t

ACATii,"

h'A]'

•pi\5Ail?

Miojt

ttjaic

"le|f,"

\)o

*'l]i)-r)e,"

516

rT)-bu6 n7A]é

njó]i:\t)

bA b-pujjeAÓ

bi^f

(if he should get

death, i.e.,

die). 7.

beACAjji

5AC bu]t;e" ai; |*ao5aI

booA

^<\5A]1.

beACA]]i

le]f

AT)

bAióbni"

(poor)

A5Uf

beACA^ji

"le]|*

ai;

fAi6b]|i"

&. 9.

)]'

beACAi]i

bo'i)

b-^eA|i

fA^Obif"

biil

fUiceA]-,

5i6

T)]

beACAijt

le]f

10.

^r) olc

leAc"

b-vii]l

corbunfA

fA|6b]|i?

11.

b-olc

\\on)

acc

c|T)ce,

olc 6ATt),

ójii

beArj^-'Ajb

(he will

make

[commit])

b]Ar)Af 0(1117

frei?)

<*^3"r

<^1T^

it)0

ceAllAc

(hearth,

household).

12.

olc "le

Seo]ifA"

b-|:uA]|t

a ijAnjAb

bar,

316

t;|

b-puil

Aoi)

TDAjc

óó

aui).

13.

b-olc

oytn)

|ilT;i;e mo buACAil

30]b

(committed

theft)

tt)A|i

3eAll

311)1

olc

0117'*

3UI1

]tA]b

Ai)r) AotjpeAcc (along)

l]i)i;

(with-

us).

14.

<t)éAn

cA|i;c

le]f

(speak to

him). 15.

n7A|c

Ijoni" lAbAi^ic

lejf,

acc

t;i

rnA^c

Óatt)''

UbAjiic

lejf.

16.

B-fuil

cii

ceArjATTjAil

"Aiit?"

17. "Civ

rf}e

ceAi)ATt}A]l

"aiii,"

3)6

1)1

b-puil

nje

ccATjArbAil

U'Mr."

18.

^^A b]

n;A|i

y\v.

19.

T\li bei6ib.

Obs,

—

Li?, with,'"

following

adjectives

the

class

specified

in the foregoing

observation, imparts to the

infini-

tive

mood

active

of some transitive verbs

depending

them a

passive meaning,

such

as is peculiar to the

second

supine

the participle ending in

dus of^Latin verbs

;

as,

Eve

was

fair

seen"

—

ivlufi)

ébA

ireicfiu."

is a

wonderful

story

told"

—

iot)3at;cac

at)

rseul

]MY]v"

It is

hard

got"

—

beACAHi

e "le

i:íV3aiI."

It is joyous

"to be

told"

—

)]-

I11AC-3A1

fteAC é,

it<\6."

The

goods

were profitable

"to

sold"

—

Buó

butjcAU*-

ceAC

17A

b-eAititAiÓ

lAb

"le

biol."

Obs.

—

The English

injinitlve present,

expressive

purpose, intention,

the

Juture,

known in

P^nghsh

Gram-

mar

the words

about

to," must,

when translated

into

Irish, be preceded

le,"

for;

as,

11&8,

to speak;

pour

174

SELF-IXSTRUCTION

IM IRISH.

])arler

;

U» 5eAi;Ab,

do ; she

stoope'J to

conquer

—ho

ction)

buo.|8

pÁ3Ail;

they came

to see,

caidic

rjAb

feicriD;

he 19 about

to 3ome,

c;\

rí>

CtVvcr; Jane is

about

to gc,

z'-.\

S|i;&|i>

irDccAcc.

VOCABULARY.

Evening,

noio,

even-tide.

ciu\c-

Sail (to!,

swim, rnAtb-

i)óoA,

the

time

of the

evening, Sign

(omsn),

cuA;t.

as,

cua-i

after-?ioo)i

;

oóoa,

the poss.

ce»\CA,

sA&tt'er-ameii,

the

Irish

case of

DÓjn.

term for rainbow.

CuAtt

5orita

Opinion,

bAtiriAn)A|l,

from

bAfifi,

the

5,\|ltior)

<\t,w^

3.\nbr;(i.i, the

top,

produce,

happy issue,

sue-

fo erunner

'jf

famiae

tempest

cess;

and

AiijAjl,

like—i.e.,

what

and storm.

likely

to follow

from

given

—

demonstration,

in example",

premises—

opinion,

conjecture.

cAirbeAtjAo.

Saddle,

&iAlU%)c

(from

b|All,

the

— (a oken. a mark), corijAjtcA.

breech,

and

'.\]z,

place), ojaU-

—

(a miracle),

n;)onbui'.le.

^cóin,

a saddler.

EXERCISE

.XLVI.

1. Look

to the

west

(<MÍ)Ai]tc

AT|t

at)

|aii).

look

(AtT)A|icAirr)). 3.

See

how red

(r)Ac

beAit5)

the

sun is

now,

when

he is going

to rest (ai;o]|*

'uuaiji

civ

bul

ao]).

4. Oh ! he is

seen

great

splendour and

glory

this

evening

—Oc civ

]*|

fejcnP

F<^o|

Io^^iao a5u}*

pAO|

3I0111

rx)ó]]i

Ai) c|tívé-i:)ói)A

fo.

5. Really

the sea

appears

fire

—

2{n}ATiCAi)r)

at; n)\x]^}

beic Aijt

ce]r)e.

Indeed

it does.

your friend the

saddler (about) to

go to

America? 8.

He is (about) to sail

this week.

Indeed

(30

bein)|T)).

10.

"Wonderful to be

told,"

thought

(fAO]!

nje)

he would never go (in

it), \)i>.c

TtAc^iAO

|*e a

co|óce Ai)i).

11. Earning is "hard to

obtained" these

days

—

civ

]*aoc|vu3a6

beACATjt

le ^ív3A]1"

'ui;a lAecib \o.

12. Is

his

business (obA^jt,

ceifib)

not good

(bot)A).

13.

is not good for

making

quick fortune

—

ro^]t

CA-||*ce A

•f*^^octiu3AÓ"

cApA^ó.

14. Are you

"to

go"

(i.e. intending

go,

about

go) home to-night. 15.

Yes,

1 am—

cXv

me lo

bul.

16. Is

not late to go?

17. No,

is not

;

for 1

wont

(See Lesson

Twenty-sixth)

to travel

night

—

Air'Mix

a ÓeAtjAÓ

ai) o]6ce;

besides the

moon

is (about) to

rise

—

ca ai)

3eAllAc le

ent!5A6.

18.

advise

you (be]|tirf) ooTnAii'.le

bii]c)

not

to go

(3AT) a

6ul)

;

for

it is

my opinion

n;o

bA|iArt)A]l) that

will

have

storm

—

nj-be]ó jxoiivrt; a5aii;u. 19.

It is

opinion

that we

SELF

INSTRUCTION

IRISH.

175

will not.

20. Do you not

perceive (t)AC

pejceAi^r) cu) how

red

the

sky

—

feeAjts

^'y

civ ai)

fpeii|i?

21. Is

redness

the sky

this

time

sign of

coming storm (of a storm

to come—le

ceACc) ?

22. It is. 23.

Well

(2í)A]re),

I do

not care about

these signs

—

cum^

l]on)

(See

Lesson

Twenty-sixth) CAob tja

cua|i

yo;

the

proverb

(feAt)-

|ia6)

that tells

us not to heed

omens

—

5AI)

nje^f

a bcjc

A^A]!)!)

A||t

cuAjtAib.

24.

Havc your own way then—

Bjóevvb

t>o to]l

frejt)

A5Ab.

THIRTIETH LESSON.

the

Twenty-Hfth Lesson we

showed

that

the personal

pronouns

and

simple prepositions unite. Of the

prepositional

pronouns formed

by this

union

gave a

partial

list.

now

subjoin

those

not

yet

presented to the learner

1st

Person.

2nd Person.

-porbAH), before

me,

|iori^AC,

yiomc^ym,

before us, ^iorÚAib,

CAjin),

over me, by

me.

cajiac,

cAftAiT)u,

over us,

us, cAiiAib,

zyi\on), through

me,

cii^oc,

c|iii;t),

through us,

cii'ib,

UA]ii7, from me,

ua^c,

UAIUU,

from

us,

UA^b,

uAfAii},

above

me, uAfAb,

uA|*Ap;i),

above

u?,

uA|-Aib,

unjAiT}, about me,

unjAb

P. uiTjAit;i;,

about

us,

urrjA^b,

VOCABULARY.

3rd

Person.

Mas.

Fem.

]ioin)e,

|xóir)pA.

cAiitir,

CAH|X<\.

c|ti&,

tlljOCA.

iiAióe,

UACA.

UAfA,

llAj-CA.

ujme,

110

1 n)

CAl|t(TI.

qtici.

uAiÓce.

HAirq,

u]n)?l.

Before,

y\o]n),

prep.

expresses

priority

time and precedence

place

;

as, caii)]c

tio'IJAh),

he came

before me

;

xe^sy

TiorijAnj,

stood

before

;

ri\

^.^^

bC\f

ixoiijAjtjr],

dea'.li

be-

fore us.

Courageous, ndj.,

njjTneAnjAil;

from

n)]xr\íiAc,

courage.

Dead,

njAnb (Welsh, marw,

die;

Latin, v.ori).

CX\ At)

ye^^Ti

n)A)\b,

the

man

is dead;

n;A|i-

bAó,

to kill.

Deat

bcsi*;

bAi-Uo^^ó,

to put to

SELF-INSTRUCTION IN IRISH.

death, to

perish.

Heb., bas,

death, rottenness.

Eternal,

rfoii

(always, perpetual)

riotiriupe

;

eternity,

ríonnuióe-

Ac-,/.

(See the word

always,

80.)

Fortune, luck, !si>

;

as,

f^Ajb

At)

c-'At

otic,

may good

luck attend

you

;

50 5-cujni&

t^iA

at)

-.'ao

o|tc,

may

God prosper

you.

—

prosperity,

roup, bireAc, rorjAf.

—

plight,

event, state,

}\aq; as,

beA^-nAc

;

&|toc-tiAc.

—

dowry

of a

man,

cnoD

(cattle);

as, Sichem

said

Jacob

and his

sons,

Raise

the

dowry and ask

gifts,

n;éA0ui5iD

Aij c|xod,

a-^wx

coftui5ió

-]oólACA]ó."

—

Genesii,

xxxiv. 12.

—

dowry

of a

woman,

fpné.

Hope, Soccur, m;

&o]5,/.

—

riMl./

(expectation).

Keep,

retain,

consbAjl

(pr. congáií)

;

from

cop, together,

and

SAb^ii,

take.

Whither, where, ca,

for

ax)

'A]t,

what place? Like

the Latin

quo, for quo

in loco. Ca b-pu]l

A)r,

sul, whither art thou

going.'

b-puil

t>]A, ivhen

is God

Wish

(I),

njAjc

lion)

;

njjAi)

\]cn),

(See

Twenty-Seventh Lesson,

Obs.

1.)

EXERCISE

XLVIL

Well, John, whither art

thou going?

—

Tr>A,]|*e,

Seiv-

5<v.1i),

b-^u|l cu

A]3

but? 2.

going home. 3. And

who is this

walking

before

you ?

is my

servant

man,

William

—

vi) 05UC,

UiUeAnj.

When,

before

this

(jio^rbe

|*o),

were

you at home ? 6. I

have

not been,

bejore

this^

home

for (le)

years ! 7.

Who is

before

you

now

home ? 8.

There is none of my

friends

before

me to greet

(le

^'Ailce

cubA]|tc bAtr))

;

all are

now dead

—ray

father

and my

mother, ray brothers and

ray

sisters, all are gone.

9. It

is sad, indeed, to

think of this

—

bftouAc

beirbit)

cu]n)i)iu5A6

Ajii

]*o.

10.

Yet we

should

not grieve at the

death

of friends, for death is

before

all

—

V)\ có[|i

h\x\\)V)

bejc ^AO]

\i\\o\V) Ajjt

b;\)*

a|i

5-ca]ia&

ó\\\

ai;

bívf

]tojhAii)i)"

uiile.

11.

You are a

great

philosopher

—

]f-

|-ao]

tT)ó]t

cu.

12.

Thank you—

civ

n^e buiócAc

&u|c

;

here I

am, the

world is

before

me—fortune,

good or

ill,

before

—

death

and

eternity

before

—

yet

have

heart

hopeful

and

courageous, because

keep

always

before

God's

law

and his

holy

(oaottica)

love.

13. I

wish every

man

would

keep

these ends

before

him.

14. The

saints,

like the Jews

of old (rr)A|i

TjA

b-jubAi6ce

'f-^'í

c-í*eAT;-|teAcc)

always

kept God's

law

(&li5e

í)ó)

before

them. 15.

Ought

not

(t)ac

có|]i|t

6u|i)n),

in like

manner

(rt)A]i ai)

5-ceAbT)A),

keep it before

us?

10.

think

you

are

right

(i\\o]lirT)

b-pu]l

ceAHc).

SELP-rNSTEUCTION

IN IRISH.

i?7

Not?.

—

R.',

its

combinations

with the personal pronouns, though

found

iu modern

printed books

and manuscripts, is

not used

in the spolien

language

in any part

Ireland,

le being

invariably

used in

its place."

—

Donovan's Irish Grammar.

Re,

with, is

used

in manuscripts

and printed books for le

its compound

form is

—

T^iAH),

with

me,

T^ioc,

tMt»

V-]^-

T\|i)r),

with us,

]\]h,

HI"-"

—

College Irish

Grammar.

is the

only form

this preposition now used in Ireland

in the spoken

language,

though ^e is found in most

modern books and manuscripts."—

O'Bonovan's

Irish Grammar,

285,

SeAc, beside

(Latin, secus), is

present seldom

found in

the

compound

form

]*eACAir), feACAc,

]*eAc

feAC

beside

;

beside

thee

;

beside him

;

beside her

;

|*eACA]i)r),

I'eACAib,

feACA,

beside us

;

beside you

;

beside them.

Neither is uA^Am

(above me) now in use

; iu

its

stead,

c]or)\) (above) is

employed;

nor are

these

combinations

—

10|*Ati) (under me),

&eAi*An)

(at my right hand),

cuACArr)

(at

my left hand)—

which are found in St. Patrick's

Hymn, in

Liber Hymnorum

Cniorc

prAtij !

Cmorc

u»^rAnJ

Cniorc

beAVAO)

Cnjofc

cuACAn;

Christ

under me !

Christ

be over me !

Christ

beside

me.

left

hand and right.

VOCABULARY.

ii\i\A,

adj.,

written also

ATtr^lo,

old,

ancient,

stricken

years

;

Arm

A\rr)^]\i

AiifA,

times of old

;

&ii]r)e

AtirA,

aged

person.

piUlAin,

hood

or mantle, a

cloak;

Latin,

pallium.

pAttAoii

! alas ! interj.,

if from pA

(or

vac),

cause; a^i, our;

~\\\,

calamity,

l^ojtxvé,

old,

perfect, grown to matu-

rity

;

from

^0]]\,

very (per), and

vé,

mature,

perfect.

prep.,

from, proceeding

from ; as,

CAinjc me

ATi)Ac

6 ó|A,

I came

out from God ; ó Loi)t)U]t)

13A]tt]T,

from London to Paris

;

"6"

5AC

uile

o]lc

t-Aoit

ri')'?,

Úi5eAtinA,

from

all

evil,

Lord, deliver

us.

same as

the

Latin de,

of, from

;

as,

peATi 6

yibAin,

a man from

Scotland.

—

absence

; as, cX\

Aft

&-cixcA

"uAinrj,"

we have

lost our sup-

port,

our strength.

adverb, conj.,

for 6

from

which

(either

time or cause

under-

stood)

;

time, then it

means

since;

as, ó

cAinjc

tije

a^i at)

c-rA05Al

xo,

since I

came

on this

world

; if of

cause,

then

means

because, seeing

that, whereas

{conj.)

;

z'A]n} le

bX\r

VX\5A]l,

VlAi)

le]r

At) borijAij

lijóft,

where-

173 SLLF-INSTRUCTION

IRISH.

as I am

to die,

farewell

to the

whole

world. From the

idea of

proceeding

from"

conveyed in

Ó (or UA,

which

is the same), is

obtained

the

word UA, a grand-

eon,

descendant,

which, with

the family prefix n)AC,

is so

pe-

culiar to

Irish names.

Caip,/,

herd or

drove

cattle; as,

-A|n

CuAil5r)(j, the

cattle

spoil of

Cooley (in Louth).

cAjrjce, the plural of

cAin,

means

herds, slock,

wealth, affluence.

C^ir),

region

or country, terri-

tory. This

Keltic

root forms the

sufOx

to the names of many

countries in both Europe and

Africa; as,

bfiirAjn,

Britain, the

CA]0 or

country of

the

Brith,

i.e.,

painted,

speckled

—for the

ancient

Britons,

as Cambden

says,

painted

their

bodies (from

bTM"

comes bmocnAc, and

bne-

AtijAc,

Welshman,

the family

name

Walsh;

as,

TotD'AV

t)ne-

AcnAi5,

Thomas

Walsh; also

bnicrinneAr,

the measles

speckled sickness)

;

Mauri/anfa,

Aquiíaííia,

Ijiútania.

From

CAD,

or CA]!),

derived

cAnAH'ce,

the

A;r-e,

Seigneur

the

country

(c^in)

; rAnAivceAcc,/,

tanistry, the ancient

law

which

in Ireland regulated the

right

succession

the throne,

and

virtue

which

the eldest

and

most experienced of

the

family

was

entitled to succeed

the

death of tlie

reigning prince.

rjt'',

through;

as,

cj^e

n-A

cttojéa,

through

his heart.

denotes

the cause or

means; as,

cné

cfioir A5ur

pAir,

r-^ofi

rinn,

t)5eAitnA,

through

thy

cross

and passion,

deliver us, Lord.

—

;

c|ié

Iatad,

flame

;

rr^é

ce]T)e,

fire.

EXERCISE XLVIII.

Con)iu\6

ep]]\ coit)A]tfA

A5uf

|:eA|t

bocc,

z]m.

—A con-

versation between a neighbour

and a

poor

sick man.

1. "pAjlce

iiorbAC,

ceiib

ny\\e

y:^\\zQ ]ioit)ac,

<v ca|ia&

CA|t,

over, beyond,

by,

above,

its

twofold

relation

time

and

place;

as, -Anjuit)

'curt

ija

aiiij-

rine

cAriAinn,"

we are

putting

the

time over

(passing

the

time)

;

cuajó

CAefAn

tA|i"

Kiib]coo,

Caesar went

over

the

Rubicon

;

z'-x Ap

T5eul

rio

"cAti" cuiii)r)e, that

story

oe-

yo?ííí

recollection;

cujti

cAtiir)"

At)

íTolAc

ro,

put

this

garment

over me

;

cuajó

rAit

At)

so-

tiur,

passed by the

door

;

beADDUiace

"cAfi."

t)a

njnAib, blessed art

thou amongst

(beyond,

above)

women

;

511^-

o'.Mym)

c'.i,

CioeAnoA

CAIl"

5AC T)jB,

love

you,

Lord,

above

all

things.

Ca^

following

the

verb

SeAt), do, make,

means

without

(Fr. sans)

;

as, beAi)

-An

t)iD

rin.

do without

that

thing;

At)

n),\|c leAc

AjUoeAC)?

do you

money ?

't)A]c,

;

béAT)

TAjriir,

do without

it.

CAiriM"

the third

person

singu-

lar masculine

of the

prepositional

pronoun

cAitn).

Uajh), from me,

in meaning

op-

posed

to A5ArT),

me;

as,

AgATt),

have,

habeo

;

uajh),

have not, I

want,

careo.

UA]n>

pronounced

ivem.

Ujn),

prep.,

about,

around

;

it is

writ-

ten also

|tt)

and

ujrT)

;

Greek,

aixipt, amphi.

From ujrt)

iti),

and

bAll,

a part,

member, por-

tion,

derived

jttj^^All,

border

or edge, and

pojfi-injj'All, a

cir-

cumffirence

;

also

ujinpujon').

turn round;

)on;cu|j|ii),

from

uinj,

and cao(, way.

—

concerning

;

as,

uinje

tin,

con-

cerning

that,

because

that,

therefore.