Bourke Ulick J. Easy lessons, or Self-instruction in Irish / Легкие уроки: самоучитель ирландского языка
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SELF-INSTRUCTION IN
IRISH.
189
CuAV
(as
if
cuacat),
ot, a
cave,
a
hollow,
a
cavity such as
is found
at
the
core
in
fruit.
CuAfAc,
adj., hollow,
concave, un-
sound,
porous.
CubAti,
m
(pr. /coo-ar,
in one
syl.),
froth,
foam
;
tpAti
At)
s-cuBajv
Ajfi
Af)
c-VTiut,
like the
froth on
the
stream
;
Greek,
Kvfia,
kuma,
CubAtiAc,
adj., frothy,
foamy,
spumy
;
i:joT)
cubAtiAÓ,
champagne.
Cuip
(written also
cojp),/, foam
;
as,
tpAfi
CUIP
cubA]tt
A
li\
ceos
like
the
foam of froth during
a
hazy
day.
CupAc, and
cop*.c, adj.,
foamy, hol-
low,
unsubstantial.
leAc
(spelled
also lee),
n. m, a half;
as,
&eAri
óa
leAá
óé,
make (two)
halves
of
it
;
a side
; as,
Ajft
5AC
lee, on each
side.
Igac,
in
com-
position, meansoneo/two
(Lat.,
alter)
;
as,
zi\
\e
a
luioe
Ajfi
a
leAc-cAob, he
is
lying
on o>ie
side;
Aiti
leAc-coif,
on one foot
;
A]n
leAt-Uti), with one
hand
;
A
leAc-fuil,
his
single eye
;
leAc-
cluAT)
a
si7iffle
ear ;
letcjnn
(half
a
head),
a
cheek :.leActi)Cvr,
one
thigh
-J
leAc-ciiujrjne, a hemi-
sphere
;
leAc-ciioin, a
half-
crown;
leAc-piain,
a
half-penny
;
leAc-punr
A,
a half-pound
; leAc-
uOfA,
a half-oaace
;
leAc-cuAinc,
a
half-round,
a
semicircle
;
lec-
inre
(a
half-island),
a
peninsula;
leAc-frocAil,
a by-word, a
pro-
verb ; ru!5eAor)
veA);
lejieAi)
leAc-v'OCAil, verbum sapientibus
sat,
a
man
of
learning
under-
stands
a half-word;
leAc-ceAn-
CA)l,
a
semicircle.
It
forms
the
prefix of those
Irish topographi-
cal names
that
begin
with La
;
as,
Lara,
i.e.,
leAt-nAc,
the
half
fort
;
Lahinch,
i.e.,
leAi-inro
;
Lahardaun,
le
ac-Aii&aip,
half-a-
hillock; Lecale (inDown), leAc-
CacaiI, Cabal's half.
5o
leic,
literally, to
or
with half,
i.e.,
one-half
more
of
any
specified
measure; as,
sa \\.^.z
50
leic,
two
yards and
a
half;
cm
n)fle
50 lei
6,
three
miles
and
a
half;
A
leic, a part;
cAnn
*
lei'i,
come apart;
atji) a
leic,
in
be-
half of;
t:a
lejt,
severally, each,
one
by one.
SiobA,
m,
silk;
as,
coUfo
rio"'*»
*
silk
dress.
5tiol,
m,
satin
;
as, cocAl
fTioil,
a
satin
vestment.
CAbAjfv
(thow-ar),
give;
v. irr
;
cu5Ar,
per/.,
I
gave
;
cAb'npAO,
1
shall
give
;
bcAnvAS,
affected
future;
as,
D]
beAtiirAti,
I
shall
not give
;
At)
nj-beAftpAb,
shall
£
give.
EXERCISE LI.
1. 2lr)
éA&AC é
fo?
2.
SeAÓ.
3.
Ca
rtjeiifc» civ
A^Ab
"ai|i."
4.
Cejcfie
|*c]U]T)5 beu5
"ai|i"
At)
c-|*Uc.
5.
)x
t>AO]t
é;
V]
flu
ri'^
^' ^'
5o feejn)]!)
]x
VV^'y
<^5"r
^^
yh
-fAO]t
"Aljl"
Al)
luAC U&.
7. B-pUjl éA&AC
fjtOll,
X)0
rjO&A
AjAb?
8. Tí^.
9. C<v rneiib civ A5Ab
"aiji?"
10.
Í>ÍV pUl)CA
Ajll
At)
C-j-Uc. 11.
jf
^AOfl
e
"Aiit"
f]r).
12.
2lr)
n?|AT) leAc
a ceAi)i)ii5<\6
? 13.
jf
ttjiai?
;
3eiv|t|i
Óé
6ív
fl<vic
50
leAc.
14.
B-]iuil
eA|titA]b (wares)
e]le A5Ab?
15. "Civ
Ai^uf
At)
cAob
ub
caU be
'0
c-fjopA
(shop),
16.
if
H7A1C l]Otr)
cé
A5ii|*
fiijciiuAió
fríV5A]l;
c^
tt^eiib
civ
A3Ab "a]|i"
Ar)
i'usciiuAió?
17.
t;iv
CUI3
rciUlUS
ai)
pm;cA
"A|]t"
cé,
ASttf
fé
plSjue.
ai;
pui;cA
"
\vi]i"
^15-
190
SELF-INSTRUCTION
IN IRISF.
CfiiKVjO. 18.
"C^
|*]t)
&AO|i, T)|
bév\|if'Aió
n)e ai)
o^fieAb
f]T)
"
A]|i" At;
cé;
c^
at)
fujcfiiiAjÓ fAOji
50
leo|i
;
5IAC
ce]i]\e
rSl^lr^S
^3"r r^
?I3I'^G
<^'^
pi"^^
"^ll^"
At)
cé.
19.
'2X)\]\'e, 5
c<xfilA (whereas)
5u|i 51)acac le<vc
(that it
is
customary
with you)
céACc cn-^^n),
bióoAÓ
fe
A5A<d
"a]|i"
fji);
Acc
Aiji
nj'
^ocA|l bii|c civ
ye
i^AOfi;
^"^ny tT)ut;v\
jujt
tii-yé]r)
A c^ Aijr),
i;i
béAjtvAiUU
(I
would not give) bujc
é
Aifi
Ai) luAC
fit).
20. 3o
T^Ajb
rrjAjc A5Ab,
A5Uf
cCv
TTJ6
bu]6eAC
bujc. 21.
Ca& e
yo
ca
A5Ab
Amy
At)
trj-
bAp.fiA]le?
22. "Civ,
fjot).
23. CaS» e
At;
c-|*ArijAil
pjorjA
é
—
PÍ01)
Sp^v]t)eAC,
t)o
fioi)
"piKVjtKeAC,
pjot)
fiot)i)
(white
wine)
t)o y\o])
&eA]i5 (red
wine),
fioi)
cubAiiAc,
t)o píoi)
5At)
cubA]v?
24.
Mj'l
(for
t)]
b-f.ni]l)
ai)I)
acc
y\Oio co]c-
ceAi) (common),
beA|i5
;
A5iif*
cC\
ye
€]i]
f5iU|i)5
At)
buj-
béAÍ. 25.
M|
be]6
nje
lejf
(I
shall
not be
with it,
i.e.,
I
shall not have it,
nor
buy
it); ca
fioi)
bAOji
'f-^t)
cjit
yo; bub
ii)A|c
l]on)
A
beic
a
b-piiA^uc.
"26.
B'
feibifi
5U]t
peAjtii
bu]c
A
be]C
f-At)
Tt)-bAile. 27.
B-fuil foJAjt
n)A]C
ajajt)!)
At)
bliA5v\i) yo? 28. "Civ.
29.
B-puil
coatee
bAO|i
a5ui'
c|iuici)ec\cc? 30.
"Civib.
31. CvVb é cX\
A]]x 6]U)a
(barley),
A]]x
í*eA5A|l
(rye)? 32.
"C^p
y^o]i.
33.
2lt) n)-beib
beoc
A5Ab,
Ó ca|vIa
50
b-puilttjujb
a
3-ceAi)t)
a
ce]le (since
we
have
met
together
—literally, since we
are
at
the head
one
of
the other). 34.
Be^b. 35. CAb e
]y
rt)c<]t leAc?
coiii)
piot)A,
At)
feAb
(is it?),
1)0
ciiAc
pu|i)|*
?
36.
Bejb
ai)
cofit)
píot)A
A3Art).
37.
Mv\c peAjiii
bu|c cuac pu|i)|*,
ó|]t
]y
rt)Aic
Ijort)
At) cuAC
bul cajic
(go
round)
?
38.
)y
fei\|i|i
l|on)-|-A
At)
pjoi). 39.
B|6eAb A5Ab
:
—beACA
buii)e
A
CO] I.
Obs.
—
In such sentences as,
"
which
of
us"
(of you,
of
them) ;
"
how
many
of
us
;"
"
some
of us,"
the
words
of
uSf
of
you,
of
them,
are
translated, not
bj^t) (of us)
;
b'jb
(of
you);
b]ob;
but
A5A|I)i) (at us); A5A]b (at you);
aca
(at
then))
—
which is peculiar to
the plural form alone
of
this
prepositional pronoun, A3An); as, every one
of
us is
good
—
civ
-,AC
bit]
1)0
"
A5A]t)i)" r\)^]t
\
which
of
them do
you
like best?
—
c|a "aca"
if
peAjiji
leAC? I
do
not
like
either
of
them
—
1)|
njAic
Ijort) ceACCA]i "aca;" many
o/'
you are lich—
civ u)0|iivi)
"
AjAjb"
fAjObiji;
biijffió
ciu5eAtt
"A5A|b-fo"cewb,
A5Uf
ciiiiif|ó
ceub
ASAjb-fe
be|C n)]le
cwii)
SELF-INSTRUCTION
IN
IRISH.
191
rejce
—five
of
yours shall pursue
a
hundred others,
and
a
hundred
of
you
ten
thousand.
—
Leviticus, xxvi.
8.
Sometiaies
both pronouns,
»\ca
(to
them),
and
sfob
(of them),
are
era-
ployed to
render this distributive meaning stronger
;
as,
Which of
them
is
the
best
?
—
c)A
"
ACA
bfob"
ir
V'i-'^rM»
? Which
of your relatives is
dearest
to
you?
—
ciA
"
ACA
oe" Cjo
TÍntin'nii
5A-I
]r
ahpa
leAc?
Which
of
the
two
is the better?
—
c\s
"aca
fte" 'u nj-bei)ic
(couple)
if
ve^^M^?
VOCABULARY.
Hostile,
T)Ari)AbAC.
Madam,
bsAnAlctxA,
br-An
cójn,
rcíijsbeAi).
Lady, beAi)-c]5eAitpA
(wife
of a
lord).
—
beAn-vlAjt
(wife
of
a
prince).
—
beAi)
UAfAl (a
noble or gen-
tlewoman).
—
choice,
riCo*\,
co]l,
co5nu5Aó.
—
ease,
r«^^Iii)^iAr, ro5An;lAcc,
Txioii)tiUb.
—
,
kindly
feeling,
cit)e>UcAT,
pi^]l-
ce, porji).
—
what
the will dictates, ro|l,
no5A, njiAt).
—
gratification,
cadaiI, cl^^f
With
pleasure, le
iropn,
le
i:A]lce,
or
50
V(3i)rbAn.
You
ougljt,
i|t com
suic
(it
is
right
for
you).
Visit,
cuAjitr,
f;
come
on
a visit,
CAtltl A]tl
cuAjnc
; CIU\]TIC
means, literally, a
circle,
circum-
ference,
circulation
;
as,
pA
cuAn^c,
round about;
cuA]|ic
DA volA,
circulation
of the blood
;
hence,
a
visit,
A]n cuAiric,
on
a
visit;
cuAjticeACAr and
cuAjfi-
rióeAcc, visiting, gossiping.
—
belt,
a
being
by excellence,
an
elegant
person,
a
lady.
Please,
m<^nAó,
v;
vAru^Ao
;
if
you
please,
ny-s
'x
re
fto tojl
é (if it
is
your will) ;
njA
]f
njA]t
leAc
(if it
is
good with
you)
;
njA
ir
njiAn
leAc; n),\
it
i\)l
leAc
;
tijA
'r
cAit^eA:n
leAc. What-
ever
you
please,
cja s]\\
b]6
mo
cosnAr
cu.
Pleasant,
cA]cneAri)Ac,
cA]óleAc,
to-
lAfAC,
ni5'i)eu&Ac.
Pleasure
(delight,
gratification
of
mind
or body),
v^nM
;
rAjc-
neAiij;
tavuqAó,
v^^'^^f,
i^oi
EXERCISE
LIL
I.
Sir (a
fAO]),
do me the
honour
of
taking
wine (or)ó]|i
plot)
0I
lioii)).
2.
With
pleasure,
Sir (le
fOT^r),
a
Sb<^0]).
3. Which
{of
them
—
c|a aca)
do you prefer
(hke
the
better
—
ii* F^^^IM''
l^^xc),
the red
or
the
white wine?
4.
I
like
the
white better than the red.
5. The
pleasure
of wine
with
you,
Madam (béAT) bArrj
cfueAlcAf
^íot)
ól \\oxrj,
A beAi? uA|*A|l)
;
please. Sir, help
the
lady
to
wine
—
Ipt)
00
't)
n)t)AOi
UA|*A]l
piot)
mA
'f
é
bo
cojl
é.
6. With
pleasure, Sir.
7. Which dish do
you prefer,
Madam
—
lamb, fowl,
or mutton
(cja
"
aca" -peoil
if
i:eiv|i]t
leAC
—
uATj-peoil,
eAr)lAié,
i;o
cAoit-feojl)
?
8.
I prefer lamb.
9.
Sir, loliich
[of
them)
will
you
have?
10.
I
will have
mutton. Sir, if
you please. 11. Very
well
(civ
50
rt)Aic)
;
your friend, Mr.
Blake,
will
do
me
the
honour
of wine.
192
SELF-INSTRUCTION
IN
IRISH.
12.
With
pleasure, Sir.
13.
Which do you
prefer
—
port or
sherry? 14. I
prefer port. 15.
The
wines
are
excellent
—
ir
b]ioA5 AT)
).'ioi)
e yo. 16.
England appears to
be
much
afraid
of
France at present.
17. She
is very much afraid
(cA eA5U
TT)ófi
Aiiic]).
18.
Which
of
the two do
you
like
the better—England or
France ? 1 9.
Some
of
us prefer
England ; many
of
us like
France
better :
if England
treated
us more
kindly, and
not
have us
slaves, I should prefer
England
(bA
m-be]6eA6
S^cfAi^AiO
vioy
ceADAti^Uv
l]r)i),
A5U|*
5AI)
|*clabA]6 A
óeArjAÓ
t)\\)\% b'
frei^jiix
l]on)
S^fA-
t)]Ac).
20. Of the three
last parliaments, which was
the
best
for this
country?
—
"C)a
aca" be
t)a r|t|
>*oii*ib
be]-
5]or)ACA, A b'
f:eA|ifi
bo 'ij cj|i
yo?
21.
It
is hard
to
say,
indeed ;
they
are all unfriendly to this country,
so
I
do not
like any
of
them.
22.
James, tell me,
how
is your rich
friend the
Seigneur O'Neil. 23.
He
is
well. 24. Is he
well
liked ; do
ma7i^
of
you like him well ?
25.
Indeed,
some
of
us do,
and some
of
us
do
not.
26.
Which
of
you
like
him
best?
27. 1
like him
very
well myself?
28. Sir,
you
ought to
visit us this autumn ;
many
of
us
at
home
like
to
see you
amongst
us. 29. I think
I
shall. 30. We
shall
be
so
happy to see you.
THIRTY-THIRD
LESSON.
Prepositions
in Irish
do not, generally,
as in Latin,
in
Greek,
and in
the
Romance
languages,
combine
with
verbs
and
nouns
to
exprjess new
relations of
cause, eftect, time,
place.
In
this
simple
trait, our
language bears
a
strong
grammatical
affinity
to the primitive Saxon tongue. Ex. :
He
descended
into
hell
; the
21
"cuajO
y\oy'' (went down)
third
day
He
arose again
30
b-jpfiioi^t),
a
b'entij
au
from
the
dead,
and ascend-
z]xe^y liv
5
TbA|ibA|b, a
ed
into
heaven.
—
Apostles
*'
cuai6
fUAf"
(went up)
Creed.
Ai]t
i;eArb.
—
Ciie
i)a t;-
2lp)xol.
We have
said
"
generally,"
because the preposition
is
sometimes,
but very
rarely,
incorporated
with
a
noun or verb
;
as,
nolri^n-^6,
a preface
(from
Tioiri;,
before,
and \ím,
saying, a
discourse)
;
ci&n^-oWIóe»
intercession
(from
SEtF-INSTRUCTION
IN IRISH.
193
ejom,
between, and
5ui6e,
praj'ing)
;
just
as
in English we
sometimes meet
such
prepositional compound words as
/ore-thought, o//er-thought,
in-lay,
oui-strip,
under-take.
From this
use of the
preposition, and the
different relative meanings,
pri-
mary
and
secondary,
wliich arise
from
it and
the verb, have sprung
many
idioms,
most of which
we have
already noticed, and
others we shall, as
we
advance,
put
before our
readers.
Obs,
1.
—
In
familiar discourse, prepositions
are, in
Irish,
as
in
English,
separated
from
the
relative
pronouns, and
from
the
interrogative pronouns
;
as, év\]i)]c
At)
pe^ji
"
a"
b-puil
rv]Ye
coi\\n>Ail
loir,
the man
lohoin
I am
like
to
came;
cja
b-pujl
cu co}\\ri:)i\]l
leii*?
—
whom
are
you
like to? The
former
covtld
be,
perhaps, more
grammatically
written thus
:
CAp;]c
at; peA|i
le
a
b-fiql
rn^ye
corAir)A|l;
and
the
latter,
CIA
leii*
A
b-pu]l cu
cof
ATr)A]l
?
Dr. O'Donovan
does
not approve of
thus separating the relative pronoun
from the governing preposition, and of
placing the latter at the end
of
the
sentence. Lindley Murray condemns the
same practice
in
the English lan-
guage
;
yet
the best Enghsh writers, from Lord Macaulay to Dr. Faber, ob-
stinately
continue to
practise
it,
judging the point to
be,
it seems, in English
as it is in Irish, rather
a
propriety
of
idiom
than
an
error
of grammar.
Note
"
In the
English,
as
in all other
languages^
a
great number of ex-
pressions, scarcely warrantable in
strict syntax, become part and parcel
of
the
language.
To condemn
these at once is unphilosophical. The better method
is to
account
for
them."
—
TAe
English Language, by Dr. Latham.
Obs.
2.
—
The
prepositions come immediately after the
interrogative
pronouns; as,
c|a
"
aiji"
éu]c
ad
c|i<m)o?
—
whom
o;i did the lot
fall
? C^b
"
fwo)"
a]II
cai;]c
cu
?
—
what/o/-
have you come
?
Ci^
"leif"
at)
1*51^1;
fo?
—
whom
with the
knife this
?
(See
Twenty-eighth
Lesson,
Exer-
cise xLiii,,
p.
169).
VOCABULARY.
Cheek,
leACA,
/,•
5n«Ai6,
/,
com-
plexion,
the blush
on the cheek
;
"
Ir
fo
f
ll HA
óeot\A 'nuAr
le
rx)
5nuAió,"
"
And the tears
trickled down
by
my
cheeks."
—
Laoió
Oivin.
«'
t50
»'
ÓA
5nUAÓ
&eA|\5
T1)A1l
CAOpCOI),"
*'
Thy
cheek, like rowen-fruits'
lustre."
—
Irish Songs,
by Ed-
ward IValsh.
Create,
cttuóuja,
v, from cnuc, form,
shape,
external
appearance.
Creator,
cnu6u]5C(iO]Ti,
from
cttucuio.
The
ending,
to]\\,
ceom,
or
oiri,
corresponds with
the
noun-end-
ing or
in
Latin
;
er in English;
as,
5ttí\óuioceoiti,
amator, lover.
Christ,
Cnjor»,
our Lord.
Christian,
Cnior&Ajse
;
as, ceA5Ar5
Cri)or!3A)5e,
Christian
doctrine,
catechism.
—
ct^joi-tsArijAil, from
CTXiorb,
and
ArijAil, like.
Doctrine,
ceASAfó,
m,
teaching, in-
struction,
direction.
Doctor,
o]&ej
ceASAfscoin,
m, a
191
SELF-INSTRUCTION
IN IRISH.
teacher;
doctor
of
canon law,
ccASArScom
se
'n
slije
ca-
t)on&A
;
a
doctor
of
theology,
ceA5Ar5co]i\,
or
ope
&e
'rj
&]A-
6acc.
Face,
A5A16
{eye-ye),
f,
face, front,
surface, ti^nx
00 lAbAjn An
CloeAnnA
le
St)AO]i-o
"A5A1D
A}]\
A5A1Ó,"
And the
Lord
spoke
to
Moses
/ace
to face.
'i\x)t) A5A1D,
in face of,
i.e., against;
he
went
against his enemy,
cua|ó
T_e
Ano
AjA|ó A nAitjA]&.
^l
CloGAWA,
CAt> JTA
lArAnn
ft'^re-
An5
"
AOD
A5A)&"
bo
pobAll
?
Why,
Lord,
is
thy
indignation
enkindled
against thy people?
cried
Moses
to
God. 'i\,]\\ a^aio,
forward,
on front
;
ce)o Am
b'
A3A1&,
go
forward
(literally,
go
on
your face)
;
fronting, op-
posing
;
as, CU5
re
A5A1Ó
our;,
he
turned
(sharply) on me.
Face,
eu&An,
m.
—
&neAc,»H,
aspect, image, mien;
Welsh,
drych.
—
Snuir,
ft
countenance, mien,
visage.
—
SnAO],
m, physiognomy, com-
plexion of
features.
—
5ne,
ÍW,
form, external
appear.
ance,
gender,
kind.
EXERCISE LIIL
A
Mother
teaching
her children
:
21)aca]]i
a]5
it)ui;v\6
a
clA|i)i)e :
Richard,
KTrcAjib;
George, Seo|t|-A ; Eliza, 6l||*.
1. (Richard)
—See
that
picture
(iOTr)Ai5)
;
whom
is it
like? 2. (George) —It
is
like the priest. 3.
It
is not;
but
1 know
whom
it is
like. 4. Whom now
? 5. My
father.
6. Indeed, it
is not;
just
look
at
it again—look
at
his
brow
and
at
his cheek.
7. I
do (look),
at
his
brow, and
at
his
cheek,
and at
the chin.
8. But do you look
at
the
eye
;
the eye is very
like the
eye
of
Father John. 9.
(Mother)
—
My
children, are you ready? 10. (Richard) —Yes,
mamma,
we are all ready
(re<v6,
a rbACA]]i
CAn)U|b ujle
ite^o).
11.
Do
you
know your lessons
(b-pu]l eolu]' A5A]b A^t
bu|i
le|5eAi;)
?
12.
(Richard)
—
I
know
I have
mine. 13.
—
xno,
m, fashion,
appearance
of
a
person
or
thing,
shape.
Human,
&Aonr)A,
from
suioe, a per-
son.
Interrogate,
lA^ri,
ask
;
i:]ArniM5,
in-
quire; co]rcr)Ui5,
»,
question.
Midst,
middle, centre,
tpeAóoí)
;
as,
A
rjeADO?»
A
cA)n&e, in
the
midst
of his friends
; njeAóoi)
lAe,
mid-day,
meridiés;
n;eAóoi)
o]óce,
midnight;
Latin,
medium,
medio
noclijs. ?r}eAóor)
also
sig-
nifies
means
;
as,
lejr
at;
rrjcA-
toq
yo, by this means
;
Welsh,
moddion,
middle
;
Fr.,
moyen
;
Arm.,
moyen.
2T)eAóoo-olt^,
mediator;
from
njeA-
cot), middle.
Picture,
ioii)i\]5
;
Latin,
imago;
jo-
ii)Ai5
Ctiiov»
Ajur
rJA rjAorij,
the
image
or
picture
of
Christ
and
the Saints.
"Am
ago
^ocaI,
ni
b-pujl
cAob
d'
a
&-cionco-
CAn)Ulti
tjAc
b-jruil
joii^^Jo
AT)
bAjr
or Ati
5-coii)Afx:
In
a
word,
there
is
not
a side to
which
we
can
turn where the
image
of
death
does not
meet
us.
—
Dr.
Gallagher's
Sermon on
Death.
SELF-INSTRUCTION
lií IRISH.
193
(George) —
So have I
mine (lessons).
14.
(Eliza)
—
I
have
every
word
in all
my lessons, except
geography
—
I
have
not
that.
15. (Mother) —I
shall interrogate
only
in
catC"
chism
Cf-AT)
ceA5Af5
Citjoi'bcvjj
Ari^viT))
;
Richard,
who
ia
God
(RifXAHib,
civ\
ye 'Dja)
?
16. (Richard)
—The Crea-
tor of heaven
and earth
(cfmciii5ceoiii
ipejrije ^511]-
CAlnjAT)),
and Sovereign
(ivjtb)
Lord
of all things
(5<\c
u]le i)]6).
17.
Good boy (tDOvjc
ai)
buACAjl). How
many
persons in God?
18.
(Richard) —Three
persons, the
Father,
the
Son, and
the
Holy Ghost. 19.
Very
good
boy; which
of the three
person?, George,
assumed (took
—
5lv\c) a
human
body
—
co\m)
bv\oi)i;sV?
20. The Son of
God, the
second
person
of
the Blessed Trinity
—
ai) bAjia
peAjtfA
be
'i?
T']i].\vóp
]to
i)AoriKA.
21.
On
what day was
He born ?
22.
On Christ-
mas
Day, about
midnight—
U\ T)obUc A]|i
ua^iv
at; rbeAÓo|r)
0]6ce.
23.
(Richard)
—lam
tired,
mamma
—
z<\
nje cu]|i-^
1*eAC
A njACAi]t.
24, Well, my
boy, you were
saying you
were like some one.
25.
No;
but
George
said
that this
likeness
resembled the
priest,
Father John
—
beif.
Seott)*A
50
b-|:u]l At)
iori)Ai5
]'o co|*ArbA]l
le]|*
Ar)
c-|*A5A]ac—
At)
c-ACv\]]i
SeA5At).
26. And what
do you say?
27.
I say
it is like
papa. 28. And
whom are you
like
yourself, with
your
big
cheeks
?
29. I
am
like father.
30. Can
you
say
the "Our
Father?" 31. I
can, to
be
sure.
32.
What
Father
is
meant there ? 33.
God—our
Father
who
is in
heaven,
as
St.
Francis
said : I
remember
the
story
you
told
us.
34.
And
are
you
like
God,
George, tell
me ?
35.
Oh,
yes,
I am
like
Him
—
my
soul is
like Him. 36.
Oh
!
do
you think
so?
37.
I
am sure
of it.
38.
Take
care,
then,
never to
make yourself unlike (tjeArb-cofAtbAil)
Him
by
staining
so
lovely an image—
CAbA|]t
A]|ie tt)A]i
y]\)
5At)
cu
pé]r)
A óeAijAÓ tjeArb-cofAtrjAil
lej|*,
-ajs
ro^UeAO
]ott>A|5e
CO
Mu]t).
THIRTY-FOURTH
LESSON.
The
most peculiar idiom, because
the
strangest, yet
noticed, is
that which
arises
from the
use
in
Irish of the
preposition ai)1), iit, with
the
possessive
pronouns,
after the
verb
civ,
is
(b],
was ; be]Ó, will
be),
and
its
inflections, to
196
SELF-INSTÍIUCTION
IN IRISH.
express what
is predicated or declared of the nominative
case
; as,
I am
a
orood
man, is
translated into
Irish, zi\ rtje
"
AT)r) rt^o"
feA|t
rh<v|c,
I
am in my good man
;
the man is a
king,
civ Ai)
f
eAjt
"
atjt)
<!^"
1^13,
literally, the man
is in
his
king, i.e.,
in the
state of a
king
;
she is a
virgin,
z'-x
X]
"aw) a"
b-oi5
;
Joseph was
steward over
all
Egypt, b]
jo|*ep
"at)o a"
n7AO|t
of
qoi)r) tja
b-&51?ce
iqle
; we
are
Christians,
cAroujb-i)e "ai^u
a]i"
3-C|i]0|*bAi5cib;
the
Romans
were brave wariors,
b]
t;A Kon7^i7A|5
"
Ai;r)
a"
t'S^irSl^l'^
cjteui^A.
Note.
—
The preposition
Ann
does not
follow the emphatic
form
of the
verb
to be,
jr>
is (or buó, was), which is
a
mere copula, expressing simply
exist-
ence, and
not
like z'^\,
which expresses
existence
in a certain
state,
time,
condition.
The
preposition Atjr) is
commonly
omitted
whenever
the
possessive pronouns of
the
first and second
persons,
r.s
well
plural
as
singular,
follow ; as,
/ am
a good man, civ
rt?e
'
mo
peA]t
rbAic
;
you
are a prince,
civ
cuf
a
'bo
plA]C :
aijt)
is
omitted
before
voo
and bo.
In
published works the preposition and
the possessive
pronouns
are
contracted
—
Arjo
rr)o,
in wy,
into
a'
tt)'
or Arrj;
Ai;i; bo,
in thy,
to
a'
b',
or Ab ; as,
ReulcAT) TT)o
bócAjfi.
1-
21
Óe
! 5An nje
"
ah)"
ABAiUfn,
^o "AW)"
nóinm
beA5
éjsin,
No
"
An)"
nor Annr
ah
5i\m»io.
9X)A\\.
A
^-5ni^iuloeAr)n
cú "Ab"
AOfjA|t.
2t)An
fiill
'r
50
ii)-buAir)t:eiv
Ijonj,
t5o
bej&eAó
A5At3
"
as"
6éAr
U^lriJ,
No
A
n;.bttoUAc
5eAl
bo
léioe
!
STAE OF MY
PATH.
It
Would that
I were the
apple,
Or the wee daisy
only,
Or
the
rose in that
garden
Where
thou walkest lonely
!
SELF-INSTRUCTION IN IRISH.
197
Of
my
leaflets
or
flowerets
I'd hope thou
wouldst choose
some,
To
bear in thy
bright hand
Or
wear
on
thy
bosom
!
The
Poets and Poetry
of
Munster, Second
Series,
p.
xxii.
Erionxach.
2t)iv civ ye-yM)
a
|T4\]b
t^\
peACAÓ,
II*
|:eív|X|i e-|*Ai)
rtjíle UA||i
i)v\ éu|*A,
cuiji
a
5-0^1*
50
b-|iiiil
CÚ
"
a'&"
|t13
vo
"Ab"
pitiouDi-A.
0|fi
'r
2i)ire
Ai)
T:i5ev\|tr)A
A
CU5
An)v\G |*|b A|* caIahj
i)A
b-65|pce
le
be|é
a'tt)'
i)|A
A3A|b.
If he
be
in a state of grace,
and
you
in sin, he
is
a
thousand
times
better than
you, although you be a
k-ing
or a
prince.
—
Dr.
Gallagher.
For I
am
the
Lord,
who
brought
you out
of
the
land of Egypt, that I might
be
a
God to
you.
—
Lev.
xi.
45.
Before possessive
pronouns
of
the
third
person, a,
his,
her,
their, AT)i) is
written
'tjt)
a,
or 'i)a
;
as
John is
a
good man,
cii
Seiv5<M)
'i;i)
a
peAit
rxx^yt
;
Judith
is
a
handsome
girl,
civ
SiubAij
'r)t)
A
cA|lir)
ixli;|r)
; James was a
great scholar,
b|
SeATDui*
'r)i)
A
|*coli\||ie
rbóii ;
the men are princes, ca|b
T)A
Pill
'm
ÍV
b-|:lA|C|b;
"If
his oifering
be
a holocaust^
and
of
the herd,"
2t)v\
b|6eAt;r)
a CAbA|icA|* ^T;rj
a
|o6bA||tc
lo||*5ce
A5Uf
be^i; c|teiib.
VOCABULARY,
Bishop,
CArpOg,
m, from the Greek,
eiricTKOTros,
episkopos
;
by
chang-
ing
k
into
g,
and by metathesis
alternating the consonants.
Class,
cui&oAcc,/, from
cujo,
some,
a
share
;
conpplocr,
/,
a com-
pany,
a
party
;
conjpAija-,
/;
oy\^, m, order,
Eg^'ptian,
CaipceAc.
Gaiil
(a),
5aII,
Jacob,
lAcob (pr. Yacob),
SeACoh,
from
the Hebrew,
yacob, to
sup-
plant—because he
twice
sup-
planted his brother
Esau.
Joseph,
lorep
(pr.
Yoseph),
or 5eo-
fep
{Shoseph),
Note.
—
English
or foreign
names beginning with
/,
or Ge,
are translated
into Irish
by S,
followed
by é
(Se), which di-
graph
conveys in
Irish
the
sibilant
sound of
the
English
/,
Ge,
as,
/ames,
5eAir)uv
; John,
SeAgAt};
/udith,5u]bAn; /ulia,
Seilió'Arj;
George,
5eonrA
;
Geoffry,
Sav-
V\^Q-
In this
respect the Irish
translation of names is
not
un-
like the
Italian, which follows
sound
rather than
etymology
;
as,
/oseph, Giuseppe ; ./ohn,
Giovanni,
The
Irish
forms,
lorep
and lAcob,
rather
than
198 SELF-INSTRUCTION
IN IRISH.
Seorep
and
SeAcoh,
are
more
in comformity with
the radices
of
the
words, and
with
the writ-
ten
Irish language.
Julius
Caesar,
luliiir CAerAtx
(Yulus
Kesar).
Saviour,
SlAf)ui5éeoin,
from
flAtj,
safe
;
rl*^ou]o,
save
thou.
EXERCISE LIV.
1. Are you a
good boy,
James?
2. I am, Sir,
a good
boy; I
am always
a good hoy. 3. Is
your
sister
Alice
a
good
girl
? 4. She is
a
good girl
;
and
my
father
says
that
she will he
a very good woman. 5. Are your
brothers
and
cousins
here?
B. They are.
7- Are
they
good
scholars?
8. They
are, in proportion
to
(bo ]ié]]i)
their
years.
9. Is
this
your cousin
Joseph, who
is
such
a great
scholar.
10.
It
is.
11.
Well, Joseph, do
you know the history
of
the
Bible
well? 12.
Yes,
I
know a little of it. 13.
Do
you
know
who
was Joseph, the son of
Jacob?
14.
He
was
steicard
over
all
the land of Egypt,
and the saviour
of
his
people.
15. Whether loas he an
Hebrew or
an Egyptian?
16. He teas an
Hebrew. 17.
Do
you
know Roman
history?
18. Not much. 19.
Can
you tell
who was Julius
Caesar
—
whether
loas he a Roman or
a
Gaul? 20.
He
was a Roman,
and is famed
(^3111*
ca
ci\]l a||x)
for having
conquered
the
Gauls; and the first
(A5uf
^uji
bu6
e
au
ceiib
caoj'ac
Kon7At)Ac) Roman
General who
landed in Britain.
21.
Who
was St.
Patrick
?
22.
He was
a
holy bishop,
and
the
apostle of our nation. 23. Very well
—
you are very
good in
history.
24, Does
Master
William
know
history
?
25.
He
does,
as
well as I
(co rr)A]é
liort)-|*v\)
;
we
are
both (le
ce]le)
in
the
same class. 26. Does he know his
catechism
also ?
27. He
does. 28. Who
created you, and
placed
you in
this world? 29. It
is in
the
Irish language
—the
language
of
iixtherland
(if
Aui)|*
ai) ceAr)5A
5A0ió)l5e
—
ceAr)5A TTjo
i\]x
buccAif)
—I
have
learned
the
catechism (h'
^05lAn) rpe
ai) ceA5A|*5
c|xiofbAi5).
30. Oh,
very well;
so much
the better
(]f
aujIaio
-^ feA|t|t)
; I am delighted
at it
{z'-x
liu\c5C\iii
o\xxx) pAO]).
VOCABULARY.
iloibtjeAr,
m, gladness, joy, delight
;
from
Aoib
(pr. ee-iv),
a
courte-
ous
look.
C]o,
sees
;
present tense
of the irreg.
verb
peicin;,
I see.
Corij-jotjAn,
co-equal
; from
corx},
and
looAT),
equal,
same, like.
C\\Q,
/,
creed, the symbol
of
faith,
earth.
'^V-'^^Díft
a
tribe,
a people,
a
num-