Барлит В.В. Гидравлические турбины
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JIHqHbIX CCTICHHflX
NOTOKA.
2.
KoHe.rHoe
qt,tcJo
JronaroK
HanpaBaflrorqero annapara
u nonacrefi
Bparqaiouerocs
pa6ouero
KoJreca Bbr3brBaer
HgMeHeHHfl cKopocru
H
AaB-
JICHHfl B CCIICHHflX
IIOTOKA B
SABHCHMOCTII OT EIO KOOPAHHAT
H BPCMCHH.
B
pesyabrare noroK
B rrpoToqsofi
qacrtr
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B
rracrHocru,
e
pa6oqeM
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(xax
a6conrcrurrfi, TaK
H
orHocuTeJlruufi)
TpexMepsufi
u
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HoelrnilrHficg.
3.
Crpyxrypa noroKa
ycJrox{Hflercff
H3-3a
BJrHflHLrfl,
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pe)KHMax
pa6oru
ryp6nHsr, orJrurrHbrx
or orrruMaJlbHoro.
HapacraHue norpaHnqHoro
cJros H efo orpbrB or o6rexaeMbrx
noBepx-
uocrefi ripHBoAHT
K
ycJro)r(HeHuro
rroBepxHocreft
ToKa,
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3Harlu-
TeJIbHo
orrxqarcTcff or flpr{HflTbrx
pacrieruux
QopM
rloroKa.
Pacqeruo-TeoperHqecKoe
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noroKa
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npH
onpe-
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U ilpo-
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rrp H noMouu{ MareM arH
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an
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ara.
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rrpo'r'o.rHofi
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t;ttti,
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u
B cpeAHeM
-
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noBepxHocmn
tutu
B
paupHufl
.
B reopulr rHApoMarxHH
B
3aBHcHMocrH or
qHcJIa
KoopAHHar,
no
Ko-
TOpbIM
yrIHTbIBasTCfl
H3MeHeHHe napaMeTpoB
nOTOKa, npHH-flra CneAyo'
45
rr(a
r KJr
accHSH
r{aqr{
f
noroK
oli
d
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p
tdbte
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i
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p
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no
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15;
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24;281.
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HJIJIrocrpaqHH x.naccuQHKauLIH
noroKoB
B
ruAporyp6uHax
npu-
MeHHM
KpnBonuneftnyrc
oproroHanbHylo
cucreMy KoopAHIIAT
4u
42,
qs (pnc.
29).
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gr
HanpaBJreHa
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npunsroft
noaepxHocrlt
TOKa;
4z
-
no HopMaJII{ K
noBepxHocTflM
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qs
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neHAHKyJIflpHa
K
9t
n
q2
H COBnaIaeT
C
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llanpaereHHeM
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u1eHus
pa6ouero
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Puc. 29.
llonepxuoctu
roKa
B
peaKruBHbrx
ru.uporyp6nuax:
4--p^Tqanbao-oceBils
6
-ocesas;
6
-
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s-
-
S-.
OAHOMepHsrft
noToK.
B oAsonaepHgM
noroKe
yqHTbIBaIoT
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t
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y
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oro
x. B
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napaMerpoB
floroKa
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no
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u
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46
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.nusufi
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t
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cl!
poireg
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u
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lt)
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30.
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s
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Sz
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47
w.
Ha
no-ToK
.
paccMaTpHBalor
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clrcTeMy
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noroKa
B
peaKTHBHbrX
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30,
a)
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pa4nanbno-ocenoft
(puc.
30,
6)
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florox,
npofiAs
crru-
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H
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afinapar,
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n
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rox npoSn.nefi
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pa6ouero
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H
sxoAHofi
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ilpeAcraBJrflror
co6ofi noBepxHocrn BparqeHur
(puc.
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noroKa:.
mepu1u.ouaaonotrt
48
nofftotc,
xapaKTepusyroulrafi
ABHX{eHHe
e uepfi4nouh.ntnofi nnbiKocru;.
npoxoAflqeft
uepes
ocb BparqeHHn
ryp6unbri tlupngltnquoHHuti nomorc,
xapaKrepusyroulHfi
BpaqeHne
qacrulr
x{HAKocrH BoKpyr
ocn
rnAporyP
6uHu
(pnc.
3t).
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o*
MepHAHoHaJIbHoFo
noroKa
pae-
noJrolKeHbr B
MepHAHoHaJrlHofi nJlocKocru
r{
npeAcraBJrsror
co6oft
pac-
xoAHyFo
cocraBJrsroqyrc
a6co.nmHbrx
cKopocrefi
noroKa.
Jlunuw
roKa
A-A
Pnc. 31. A6coaprHuft fioroK
B noJrocra
pa,qu?i-IbHo-oceeoft
ru,4poryp6nuu:
4
-
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npoeKqEa
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rroroKa
o6paayrorcfl
B
p$yJlbrare
nepeceqeHufl
no-
BepxHocrefi
rora pa,qua"ntuofi
urocKocrbFo.
flonepnyB
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Hyro rrJrocKocrb
c
pacnoJroxeHHbrMH
s
Hefi ilLrHHs.MH
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360" BoKpyr
ocH ruAporyp6untr, nonyqarcT
ocecnMMerpi{rlHbre
rioBepxuocru
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o6pasou,
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a6corrcruoft
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roqKe
rroroKa
0-om*a".
(17)
2
P
f,,:
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r(s)ds,
I
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H
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npnHflroMy
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o
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npH
onpeAeJreHHbrx
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(w,nu
sa4arn)
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H rlnpKyJrfl
uHouHbrfi
noroxu
orAeJIbHo.
3ateu
cocraB--
nfrorrlHe
noToKH
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Apyr
Ha
Apyfa.
49
A6conrorHaff
cKopocts
qacrullu
xfl.lAKocTH
a
paecMarpHBaeMofi
ro'Ixe
pa6ouero
KoJIeca
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6url
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He TSJIbKO
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Um
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o
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ero
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(puc.
32).
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(18)
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xe
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or
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7;
2l;
24;
281'
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(puc.
29) u
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31)
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x
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/ n ,,2 \
V(f +sz+;):u
x
(v
x
o). (25)
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[ram6a B cucreMax
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cJreAyorqnna
o6pason:
B Iu{.rIHHApHqecKofi
cucreue:
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B
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B
ypaB-
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