Багдасарова Н.А. Express English 2008
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Special abilities
Грамматика: Can/could (могу/мог)
(модальные глаголы)
1. Прослушайте новые слова и повторите за диктором.
ability — способность
wonderful — удивительный
easy — easily — легкий — легко
example — пример (for example —
например, find an example — найти
пример)
prodigy — чудо, необыкновенно
одаренный человек
chess — шахматы
understand — понимать
die — умирать (death-смерть)
admire — восхищаться
a foreign language — иностранный
язык
fast — быстрый, быстро
long — длинный, долгий
high — высокий, высоко
deep — глубокий, глубоко
jump — прыгать
fly — летать, управлять самолетом
skate — кататься на коньках
ski — кататься на лыжах
dive — нырять
break/set a record — побить/устано-
вить рекорд
record — записывать на пленку, на
диск
2. Послушайте, как звучат эти слова, потренируйтесь в произноше-
нии, переведите их и проверьте себя по ключам.
a musical instrument, musician, math(ematics), Greek, Latin, compose mu-
sic, audience, champion, championship, solo, philharmonic, orchestra, genius,
artist, civilization, record, album, tour, register
3. Соедините слова из правой и левой колонки, чтобы получились
словосочетания.
Break
Admire
Play
Jump
Dive
Do
Understand
Speak
a text
the piano
high
easily
a foreign language
a record
a concert
deep
4. Вставьте слова, подходящие по смыслу, в пропуски.
Record, compose, concerts, child prodigies, musician, understood, death
1. Midori Goto is a young She started to play in be-
fore the when she was 6. When she was 10 she soloed with New
York Philharmonic Orchestra. She (ed) her first album before her fif-
teenth birthday.
2. Mac Randall started to read at the age of 2 and wrote his first story at
the age of 4. He began to music at the age of 8 when he heard of
John Lennon's
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3. When Leopold Mozart that both his son and his daughter were
he took them on concert tours.
GRAMMAR
Модальный глагол CAN / COULD
Модальный глагол can / could используется для выражения
• возможности, умения, способности
Форма сап используется в настоящем времени, форма could — в про-
шедшем.
I can speak English. Я говорю по-английски. (Я умею говорить по-анг-
лийски.)
She is only five, but she can swim. Ей всего пять лет, но она умеет
плавать.
Не could swim when he was three. Он умел плавать, когда ему было
3 года.
Утверждение
Отрицание
Вопрос
I can walk
You can walk
He can walk
She can walk
It can walk
We can walk
You can walk
They can walk
I cannot walk
You cannot walk
He cannot walk
She cannot walk
It cannot walk
We cannot walk
You cannot walk
They cannot walk
I can't walk
You can't walk
He can't walk
She can't walk
It can't walk
We can't walk
You can't walk
They can't walk
Can I walk
Can you walk
Can he walk
Can she walk
Can it walk
Can we walk
Can you walk
Can they walk
5. Прочитайте анкету и напишите предложения о Саре.
What can you do?
Name
Sarah Brinks
Run?
X
Fly a plane?
V
Dance?
V
Speak Greek?
X
Speak Latin?
X
Play chess
V
1. She can't run.
2
3
4
5
6
6. Дайте краткие ответы.
1. Can you play tennis?
2. Can you jump high?
212
3. Can you ski?
4. Can you skate?
5. Can you fly a plane?
6. Can you drive a car?
7. Can you run fast?
8. Can you dance?
9. Can you speak Latin?
10. Can you play the piano?
7. Напишите предложения по модели. Переведите и проверьте себя
по ключам.
Which of these things can you do? Which things can't you do?
(play) / can play football. I can't play baseball.
1. (lift) a hundred pounds (45 kilos) over my head with
one hand.
2. (swim) well.
3. (run) fast.
4. (drink) a bottle of whiskey in half an hour.
5. (stand) on my head.
8. Напишите предложения.
Tom's friend Rick is a bodybuilder. He is fit
and strong. What can he do?
1
2
3
4
Ben isn't fit at all. What can't he do?
1
2
3
4
Notes: Bodybuilding — физическое развитие
тела (body — тело; build — строить)
9. Дополните предложения, используя глагол could в положительной
или отрицательной форме. Переведите и проверьте себя по клю-
чам.
Which of the things could you do when you were a child?
Which of the things couldn't you do?
(walk) When I was 3 years old, I could walk.
1. (read) when I was 3 years old.
2. (ride) When I was 5 years old a bicycle.
3. (swim) when I was 4.
4. (cross) When I was 5 he street alone.
5. (play) When I was 7 the piano.
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3. (smoke) when you were 12 years old, or were your
parents angry when they saw you with a cigarette?
....................................................................................................................
11. Составьте предложения по модели.
What could you do when you were a child that you can't do now?
I could play in garden the whole day when I was a child, but I can't do it now.
1
2
3
4
What couldn't you do when you were a child that you can do now?
I couldn't drive a car when I was a child, but I can now.
5
6
7
8
12. Дополните предложения, используя can't или couldn't и один из
следующих глаголов. Переведите и проверьте себя по ключам.
/ would like to read Jim's letter. The problem is I can't find my glasses,
answer, work, come, understand, sleep
1. Christine was really tired yesterday but she
2. Miranda would like to work in our office. Unfortunately she on
a computer.
3. Sam didn't pass his maths exam because he the ques-
tions.
4. People said he was a very interesting speaker but I
him.
5. I have got two tickets for the ballet on Sunday, but unfortunately Sue
........................................................................................................................
Notes: glasses — очки
13. Прослушайте и прочитайте текст, переведите его и проверьте себя
по ключам.
For most of us it's difficult to play a musical instrument or chess.
But for a few people it's so easy that they say it's "child's play"
It's even more wonderful when these people are children. We call the chil-
dren who can do such things easily "child prodigies"
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2. (stay up) until midnight when you were 7 years old?
....................................................................................................................
10. Составьте вопрос и дайте на него краткий ответ. Переведите и
проверьте себя по ключам.
(speak) Could you speak at 2? Yes, I could/ No, I couldn't.
1. (drive) a car when you were 14 years old?
................................................................................................................
We can find examples of special abilities
in music, math, chess, foreign languages
both at present and in the past. Philosopher
John Stuart Mill could speak Greek at 3
and Latin at the age of 8. Mozart could
compose music at the age of 5 and at the
age of 6 he could play in concerts for large
audience. Bobby Fisher who was born in
Chicago in 1943 could win a few U.S.
chess championships in 1958.
But we often can't understand people of
genius, especially artists and musicians and
they have a hard life. For example, Mozart,
one of the greatest composers in the his-
tory of civilization, died poor.
However we are ready to admire those who can run fast, jump long and high
and dive deep. Every year the Guinness Book of World Records registers them.
14. Ответьте на вопросы.
1. How do you understand the expression "it's child's play"?
2. Whom do we call "child prodigies"?
3. Can you give examples of talented people from the past and present?
4. Why do people of genius often have a hard life?
5. What information can we find in Guinness's records book?
15. Составьте предложения.
How was life different 100 years ago? Tell about things people couldn't do
100 years ago that we can do now.
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drive a car, watch films, fly planes, listen to CDs, travel to stars
1
2
3
4
5
Are there any things people could do 100 years ago that we can't do now?
6
7
16. Ответьте на вопросы.
1. Are you athletic? What sports can you play? If you aren't athletic, why do
you say so? What can't you do?
2. Do you know much about karate or kung fu? Are kung fu films popular in
Russia? Bruce Lee was a famous actor in kung fu films. What could he do?
3. What are your special talents or abilities? Can you play a musical instru-
ment? Can you sing? Can you cook well? Do you know anyone who can do
something special?
4. Can you speak foreign languages? What language(s) can you speak?
17. Переведите диалог на английский язык, проверьте себя по клю-
чам и расскажите диалог по ролям.
— У меня великолепный муж.
— Неужели?
— Да. Он очень спортивный.
— Спортивный? Каким же спортом он
занимается?
— Он может плавать, кататься на лы-
жах и коньках, играть в футбол и волейбол.
— А на скольких языках он может гово-
рить?
— Что?
— Например, мой муж может говорить
по-французски, по-испански, по-итальянски,
по-немецки!
— А готовить он умеет?
— Да! А еще он умеет мыть посуду и убирать квартиру!
— Да. У тебя действительно потрясающий муж. А он англичанин?
18. Прослушайте и прочитайте диалоги. Составьте новые диалоги, ис-
пользуя подсказки.
— Could you pass the salt please?
— Certainly.
— Thank you very much.
— And the pepper.
— No, thank you.
salt/pepper, sugar/milk, bread/butter
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— Can you change this pullover please?
— Why? What is wrong with it?
— It's the wrong size.
— Is it too big or too small?
— It's too small for me.
— What size are you?
— I am not sure. Can you measure me?
— Yes, certainly... You are size 42. This one
is the right size.
Cardigan, nightdress, T-shirt, blouse
— Hello, can I help you?
— No, thank you, I am just looking around.
— OK.
— Well... Can you show me this coat?
— Which one?
— The blue one. It's nice. Can I try it on?
— Certainly. Oh, it suits you fine.
Cardigan/brown, suit/black, dress/yellow, pullover /
green
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It's a hard Hie! (duties)
Грамматика: must, need, have to
(модальные глаголы: должен,
нужно, приходится)
1. Прослушайте новые слова и повторите их за диктором.
strict — строгий
rule — правило
duty — обязанность
forget — забывать
remember — помнить
obey — подчиняться
attend — посещать
polish — чистить, начищать, полировать
serve in the army — служить в армии
attention — внимание
stand at attention — стоять по стойке смирно
hostel — общежитие
government — правительство
education — образование
2. Послушайте, как звучат эти слова, потренируйтесь в произноше-
нии, переведите и проверьте себя по ключам.
academy, army, military, cadet, officer, barracks, physical, uniform, perfect,
moment, chance, popular, instructor
3. Соедините слова из правой и левой колонки, чтобы получились
словосочетания.
Strict
Obey
Stand
Attend
Polish
Live
Forget
Graduate
classes
shoes
rules
in barracks
a poem
from the academy
an order
at attention
4. Вставьте слова в предложения.
Graduate, barracks, rules, remember, hostel,
serves, strict, education
1. After a young officer graduates from a military
academy he in the army.
2. It isn't easy to enter a university but it's much
more difficult to from it.
3 to learn all the new words. We are
going to have a test tomorrow.
4. Cadets live in but students live at a
or at home.
5. Cadets don't pay for their The gov-
ernment pays for them.
6. The at university are not so
as in a military academy.
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GRAMMAR
MUST - NEEDN'T - HAVE TO
Глагол must выражает обязательность или необходимость действия.
/
must
do ту work. Я должен
сделать
свою
работу.
You must obey the rules. Вы должны подчиняться правилам.
Глагол needn't сообщает об отсутствии необходимости сделать что-либо:
You needn't leave now. Тебе не нужно сейчас уходить.
Глагол have to (do) выражает вынужденную необходимость сделать
что-либо:
We have to go to work. Нам нужно идти на работу.
She will have to leave tomorrow. Ей придется завтра уехать.
MUST
Утверждение
I/ you / he / she / it / we / you / they must
leave.
Отрицание
I / you / he / she / it / we / you / they must not
I / you / he / she / it / we / you / they mustn't
leave.
leave.
Вопрос
Must I / you / he / she / it / we / you / they
leave?
NEEDN'T
Отрицание
I / you / he / she / we / you / they needn't buy any food.
HAVE TO
Настоящее время
Утверждение
I / you / we / they have to go.
He / she has to go to work.
Отрицание
I / you / we / they don't have to go.
He / she has doesn't have to go.
Вопрос
Do I / you / we / they have to go?
Does he / she have to go?
Прошедшее время
Утверждение
I / you / he / she / we / you / they had to go.
Отрицание
I / you / he / she / we / you / they didn't have to go.
Вопрос
Did I / you / he / she / we / you / they have to no?
Будущее время
Утверждение
I / you / he / she / we / you / they will have to go.
Отрицание
I / you / he / she / we / you / they won't have to go.
Вопрос
Will I / you / he / she / we / you / they have to go?
5. Задайте вопросы к следующим предложениям. Переведите и про-
верьте себя по ключам.
Не has to watch his diet, (why) — Why does he have to watch his diet?
1. After the operation he had to stay in hospital for a long time, (how long)
219
2. You will have to show him the way to the station, (whom)
..............................................................................................
3. We had to change trains in St. Petersburg, (where)
..............................................................................................
4. They don't have to pay for the books at school, (why)
..............................................................................................
5. She has to drink this medicine without sugar, (how)
..............................................................................................
6. We didn't have to take food with us because there was a good restau-
rant, (why)
..............................................................................................
6. Переведите предложения, используя модель.
All you have to do is to answer my question.
1. Единственное, что вам нужно сделать, это написать письмо родителям.
2. Все, что тебе нужно сделать, это выучить стихотворение.
3. Единственное, что вам нужно сделать, это сдать экзамен.
4. Все, что ему нужно сделать, это подчиняться приказам.
5. Все, что ей нужно сделать, это научиться водить машину.
7. Дополните предложения. Поставьте глагол to have в отрицатель-
ной форме (don't/doesn't have to). Переведите и проверьте себя по
ключам.
1. Students to pay to go to the museum.
2. Don't be so nervous. You to read 80 pages in English in one day.
3. Sue to get up early to get to her classes in time. She lives in
the hostel on the campus (территория университета).
4. I am going to have a party on Friday but I am a terrible cook. — Don't
worry. You to cook. You can buy some cake and fruit or you can or-
der a pizza.
5. Write a story about your life at home.- How long does it have to be? — It
to be long — one or two pages.
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8. Дополните предложения, используйте воображение.