ASME Section VIII div 2 2010. ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. Alternative Rules

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2010 SECTION VIII, DIVISION 2

7-17

b) Personnel performing and evaluating magnetic particle examinations required by this Division shall be

qualified and certified in accordance with paragraph 7.3.6. Evaluation of magnetic particle examination

shall only be performed by MT Level II or III personnel.

c) Magnetic particle examination shall be performed in accordance with a written procedure, certified by the

Manufacturer to be in accordance with the requirements of T-150 of Section V.

d) Indications will be revealed by retention of magnetic particles. All such indications are not necessarily

imperfections, however, since excessive surface roughness, magnetic permeability variations (such as

the edge of heat affected zones), etc., may produce similar indications. An indication of an imperfection

may be larger than the imperfection that causes it; however, the size of the indication is the basis for

acceptance evaluation. Only indications which have any dimension greater than 1.5 mm (1/16 in) shall

be considered relevant.

1) A linear indication is one having a length greater than three times the width.

2) A rounded indication is one of circular or elliptical shape with a length equal to or less than three

times its width.

3) Any questionable or doubtful indications shall be reexamined to determine whether or not they are

relevant.

7.5.6.2 Acceptance Criteria

The following acceptance standards shall apply unless other more restrictive standards are specified for

specific material or applications within this Division. Unacceptable indications shall be removed or reduced to

an indication of acceptable size. Whenever an indication is removed by chipping or grinding and subsequent

repair by welding in not required, the excavated area shall be blended into the surrounding surface so as to

avoid notches, crevices, or corners. Where welding is required after removal of indications, the repair shall be

done in accordance with paragraph 6.2.7.

a) All surfaces to be examined shall be free of:

1) Relevant linear indications

2) Relevant rounded indications greater than 5 mm (3/16 in)

3) Four or more relevant rounded indications in a line separated by 1.5 mm (1/16 in) or less, edge-to-

edge

b) Crack like indications detected, irrespective of surface conditions, are unacceptable.

7.5.7 Liquid Penetrant Examination (PT)

7.5.7.1 All liquid penetrant examinations shall be performed and documented in accordance with Article 6

of ASME Section V except as specified below:

a) A complete set of records, as described in T-691 and T-692 of Article 6 Section V, for each vessel or

vessel part shall be retained by the Manufacturer until the Manufacturer’s Data Report has been signed

by the Inspector.

b) Personnel performing and evaluating liquid penetrant examinations required by this Division shall be

qualified and certified in accordance with paragraph 7.3.6. Evaluation of liquid penetrant examination

shall only be performed by PT Level II or III personnel.

c) Liquid penetrant examination shall be performed in accordance with a written procedure, certified by the

Manufacturer to be in accordance with the requirements of T-150 of Section V.

d) An indication of an imperfection may be larger than the imperfection that causes it; however, the size of

the indication is the basis for acceptance evaluation. Only indications with major dimensions greater

than 1.5 mm (1/16 in) shall be considered relevant.

1) A linear indication is one having a length greater than three times the width.

2010 SECTION VIII, DIVISION 2

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2) A rounded indication is one of circular or elliptical shape with a length equal to or less than three

times its width.

3) Any questionable or doubtful indications shall be reexamined to determine whether or not they are

relevant.

7.5.7.2 Acceptance Criteria

The following acceptance standards shall apply unless other more restrictive standards are specified for

specific material or applications within this Division. Unacceptable indications shall be removed or reduced to

an indication of acceptable size. Whenever an indication is removed by chipping or grinding and subsequent

repair by welding is not required, the excavated area shall be blended into the surrounding surface so as to

avoid notches, crevices, or corners. Where welding is required after removal of indications, the repair shall be

done in accordance with paragraph 6.2.7.

a) All surfaces to be examined shall be free of:

1) Relevant linear indications

2) Relevant rounded indications greater than 5 mm (3/16 in)

3) Four or more relevant rounded indications in a line separated by 1.5 mm (1/16 in) or less, edge-to-

edge

b) Crack like indications detected, irrespective of surface conditions, are unacceptable

7.5.8 Eddy Current Surface Examination Procedure Requirements (ET)

7.5.8.1 All eddy current examinations shall be performed and documented as described in this section:

a) A complete set of records for each vessel or vessel part shall be retained by the Manufacturer until the

Manufacturer’s Data Report has been signed by the Inspector.

b) Personnel performing and evaluating eddy current examinations required by this Division shall be

qualified and certified in accordance with paragraph 7.3.6. Evaluation of eddy current examination shall

only be performed by ET Level II or III personnel.

c) Eddy current examinations shall be performed in accordance with a written procedure, certified by the

Manufacturer to be in accordance with the requirements of T-150 of Section V.

7.5.8.2 Procedure Requirements

The procedure shall provide a statement of scope that specifically defines the limits of procedure applicability

(e.g., material specification, grade, type, or class). The procedure shall reference a technique specification,

delineating the essential variables, qualified in accordance with the requirements below.

7.5.8.3 Procedure Specifications

a) The eddy current procedure shall specify the following regarding data acquisition:

1) instrument or system, including manufacturer's name and model

2) size and type of probe, including manufacturer's name and part number

3) analog cable type and length

4) examination frequencies, or minimum and maximum range, as applicable

5) coil excitation mode (e.g., absolute or differential)

6) minimum data to be recorded

7) method of data recording

8) minimum digitizing rate (samples per inch) or maximum scanning speed (for analog systems), as

applicable

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9) scan pattern, when applicable (e.g., helical pitch and direction, rectilinear rotation, length, scan

index, or overlap)

10) magnetic bias technique, when applicable

11) material type

12) coating type and thickness, when applicable

b) The eddy current procedure shall define the following regarding data analysis:

1) method of calibration (e.g., phase angle or amplitude adjustments)

2) channel and frequencies used for analysis

3) extent or area of the component evaluated

4) data review requirements (e.g., secondary data review, computer screening)

5) reporting requirements (i.e., signal-to-noise threshold, voltage threshold, flaw depth threshold)

6) methods of identifying flaw indications and distinguishing them from nonrelevant indications, such

as indications from probe lift-off or conductivity and permeability changes in weld material

7) manufacturer and model of eddy current data analysis equipment, as applicable

8) manufacturer, title, and version of data analysis software, as applicable

c) The procedure shall address requirements for system calibration. Calibration requirements include those

actions required to ensure that the sensitivity and accuracy of the signal amplitude and time outputs of

the examination system, whether displayed, recorded, or automatically processed, are repeatable and

correct. Any process of calibrating the system is acceptable; a description of the calibration process

shall be included in the procedure.

d) Data acquisition and analysis procedures may be combined or separate, provided the above

requirements are met.

7.5.8.4 Additional Personnel Requirements

a) Personnel performing data acquisition shall have received specific training and shall be qualified by

examination, in accordance with the employer's written practice, in the operation of the equipment,

applicable techniques, and recording of examination results.

b) Personnel performing analysis of data shall have received additional specific training in the data analysis

techniques used in the procedure qualification and shall successfully complete the procedure

qualification described below.

c) American Society of Nondestructive Testing (ASNT) standards SNT-TC-1A or CP 189 shall be used as a

guideline.

d) Personnel qualifications may be combined provided all requirements are met.

7.5.8.5 Procedure Qualification

a) Data sets for detection and sizing shall meet requirements shown below.

b) The eddy current procedure and equipment shall be considered qualified upon successful completion of

the procedure qualification.

c) Essential Variables – an essential variable is a procedure, software, or hardware item that, if changed,

could result in erroneous examination results. Further, any item that could decrease the signal to noise

ratio to less than 2:1 shall be considered an essential variable.

d) Any two procedures with the same essential variables are considered equivalent. Equipment with

essential variables that vary within the demonstrated ranges identified in the Data Acquisition Procedure

Specification shall be considered equivalent. When the procedure allows more than one value or range

2010 SECTION VIII, DIVISION 2

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for an essential variable, the qualification test shall be repeated at the minimum and maximum value for

each essential variable with all other variables remaining at their nominal values. Changing essential

variables may be accomplished during successive procedure qualifications involving different personnel;

each data analyst need not demonstrate qualification over the entire range of every essential variable.

7.5.8.6 Qualification Requirements

a) Specimens to be used in the qualification test shall meet the requirements listed herein unless a set of

test specimens is designed to accommodate specific limitations stated in the scope of the examination

procedure (e.g., surface roughness or contour limitations). The same specimens may be used to

demonstrate both detection and sizing qualification. For examination of vessels with coated surfaces,

Section V, Article 8 shall apply.

b) Specimens shall be fabricated from the same base material nominal composition (UNS Number) and

heat treatment (e.g., solution annealed, precipitation hardened, solution heat treated and aged) as those

to be examined.

c) Specimen surface roughness and contour shall be generally representative of the surface roughness and

contour of the component surface to be examined. The examination surface curvature need not be

simulated if the ratio of the component diameter to the coil diameter exceeds 20:1.

d) Welding shall be performed with the same filler material AWS classification, and postweld heat treatment

(e.g., as welded, solution annealed, stress relieved) as the welds to be examined.

e) Defect Conditions

1) The qualification flaws shall be cracks or notches.

2) The length of cracks or notches open to the surface shall not exceed 3.2 mm (0.125 in.).

3) The maximum depth of a crack or compressed notch shall be 1.02 mm (0.040 in.).

4) Machined notches shall have a maximum width of 0.25 mm (0.010 in.) and a maximum depth of

0.51 mm (0.020 in.).

f) Demonstration Specimens – the demonstration specimen shall include one crack or notch at each of the

following locations:

1) on the weld

2) in the heat affected zone

3) at the fusion line of the weld

4) in the base material

g) Procedure Qualification Acceptance Criteria. All flaws in each of the four identified areas shall be

detected with a minimum 2:1 signal-to-noise ratio at the maximum digitization rate (for digital systems) or

maximum scanning speed (for analog systems) permitted by the procedure.

7.5.8.7 Evaluation of Eddy Current Results

Eddy current results shall be evaluated in accordance with the qualified procedure described in paragraph

7.5.8.3.b. If a flaw is determined by ET to be surface connected it shall comply with the Acceptance Criteria in

paragraph 7.5.8.8 below.

7.5.8.8 Acceptance Standards

These acceptance standards apply unless other more restrictive standards are specified for specific materials

or applications within this Division. All surfaces examined shall be free of relevant ET surface flaw

indications.

7.5.9 Evaluation and Retest for Partial Examination

The locations selected under paragraphs 7.4.3.5.a and 7.4.3.5.b shall be deemed to be representative of the

welds examined. An imperfection detected on the circumferential seam shall be considered as representing

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2010 SECTION VIII, DIVISION 2

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the condition of the whole circumferential seam. An imperfection detected on the longitudinal seam shall be

considered as representing the condition of the whole longitudinal seam. An imperfection detected on a

nozzle or branch shall be considered as representing the condition of the group of nozzles or branches.

According to the imperfections type, retesting shall be as follows:

a) When a percentage of the weld, defined in Table 7.2, is examined and meets the minimum quality

requirements of paragraph 7.5.3.2, the entire weld length represented by this examination is acceptable.

b) When a radiograph representing a percentage of weld, as defined in Table 7.2 and examined as required

in paragraph 7.4.3.5, discloses welding which does not comply with the minimum quality requirements of

paragraph 7.5.3.2, two additional welds deposited by the same welder which are of the same type and

category and were not previously examined shall be radiographically examined. The additional welds to

be examined shall be selected by the Inspector or fabricator under the same criteria applied to the

original examination.

1) If the two additional welds examined are acceptable in accordance with the minimum quality

requirements of paragraph 7.5.3.2, the entire weld increment represented by the radiographs is

acceptable, provided the unacceptable indications disclosed by radiographs are removed, repaired,

and reexamined.

2) If either of the two additional welds examined do not comply with the minimum quality requirements

of paragraph 7.5.3.2, the entire increment of weld represented shall be repaired and reexamined; or,

at the fabricator’s option, the entire increment of weld represented by the unacceptable radiographs

shall be completely radiographed and all unacceptable indications repaired and reexamined.

3) Repair welding shall be performed using a qualified procedure and deposited by a qualified welder.

The rewelded joint, or the weld repaired areas, shall be radiographically examined as provided for in

Table 7.2.

7.6 Final Examination of Vessel

7.6.1 Surface Examination after Hydrotest

If a fatigue analysis is required for a part of a vessel, then all of the internal and external surfaces of pressure

boundary and attachment welds for that part shall be examined by wet magnetic particle method (if

ferromagnetic) or by liquid penetrant method (if nonmagnetic) after hydrotest, unless accessibility prevents

meaningful interpretation and characterization of imperfections. The acceptance criteria shall be paragraphs

7.5.6 and 7.5.7.

7.6.2 Inspection of Lined Vessel Interior after Hydrotest

When it is observed that the test fluid seeps behind the applied liner during or after hydrotest, the fluid shall

be driven out and the lining shall be repaired by welding in accordance with paragraph 7.4.8.3.b.3.

7.7 Leak Testing

When specified in the Users’ Design Specification, leak testing shall be carried out in accordance with Article

10 of Section V in addition to hydrostatic test as per paragraph 8.2 or pneumatic test as per paragraph 8.3.

7.8 Acoustic Emission

If specified in the Users’ Design Specification, acoustic emission examination shall be carried out in

accordance with Article 12 of Section V during the hydrostatic test or pneumatic test. The acceptance criteria

shall be as stated in the Users’ Design Specification.

2010 SECTION VIII, DIVISION 2

7-22

7.9 Tables

Table 7.1 – Examination Groups For Pressure Vessels

Parameter

Examination Group (1)

1a 1b 2a 2b 3a 3b

Permitted Material

(1) (2)

All Materials

in Annex

3.A

P-No.1 Gr 1

and 2,

P-No. 8 Gr 1

P-No. 8 Gr 2

P-No 9A Gr 1

P-No 9B Gr 1

P-No 11A Gr 1

P-No. 11A Gr 2

P-No. 10H Gr 1

P-No.1 Gr 1

and 2,

P-No. 8 Gr 1

P-No. 8 Gr 2,

P-No 9A Gr 1,

P-No 9B Gr 1,

P-No. 10H Gr

P-No.1 Gr 1

and 2,

P-No. 8 Gr 1

Maximum thickness

of governing

welded joints

Unlimited (4)

30mm (1 3/16 in)

for

P-No 9A Gr 1

and

P-No 9B Gr 1;

16mm (5/8 in) for

P-No. 8,Gr 2 (5)

P-No. 11A Gr 1

P-No. 11A Gr 2

P-No. 10H Gr 1

50mm (2 in)

for

P-No.1 Gr 1

and

P-No. 8 Gr 1;

30mm (1

3/16 in) for

P-No.1 Gr 2

30mm (1 3/16

in) for

P-No. 9A Gr 1

and

P-No. 9B Gr 1;

16mm (5/8 in)

for P-No.8, Gr

2 (5)

P-No. 10H Gr

50mm (2 in)

for

P-No.1 Gr 1

and

P-No. 8 Gr 1;

30mm (1

3/16 in) for

P-No.1 Gr 2

Welding process Unrestricted (4) Mechanized Welding Only (3) Unrestricted (4)

Design Basis (6)

Part 4 or Part 5 of this

Division

Part 4 or Part 5 of this Division Part 4 of this Division

Notes:

1. All Examination Groups require 100% visual examination to the maximum extent possible.

2. See Part 3 for permitted material.

3. Mechanized means machine and/or automatic welding methods.

4. Unrestricted with respect to weld application modes as set forth in this Table.

5. See Table 7.2 for NDE, joint category, and permissible weld joint details that differ between

Examination Groups 1a and 1b.

The design basis is the analysis method used to establish the wall thickness.

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Table 7.2 – Nondestructive Examination

Examination Group

1a 1b 2a 2b 3a 3b

Permitted Materials

All Materials

in Annex 3.A

P-No 1 Gr 1 & 2

P-No. 8 Gr 1

P-No. 8 Gr 2

P-No 9A Gr 1

P-No 9B Gr 1

P-No. 11A Gr 1

P-No. 11A Gr 2

P-No. 10H Gr 1

P-No 1 Gr 1 & 2

P-No 8 Gr 1

P-No 8 Gr 2

P-No 9A Gr 1

P-No 9B Gr 1

P-No 10H Gr 1

P-No 1 Gr 1 & 2

P-No 8 Gr 1

Weld Joint Efficiency

1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.85 0.85

Joint

Category

Type of Weld (1)

Type of

NDE (2)

Extent of NDE (10)(11)(12)

Full penetration

butt weld

1 Longitudinal joints

RT or UT

MT or PT

100%

10%

100%

10% (4)

100%

10%

100%

10%

(4)

25%

10%

10% (4)

B 1

Circumferential joints

on a shell

RT or UT

MT or PT

100%

10%

100%

10% (4)

100%

10%

100%

10% (4)

10%

10% (3)

10%

(4)

B 2,3

Circumferential joints

on a shell with

backing strip (9)

RT or UT

MT or PT

100%

10%

25%

10%

25%

10%

B 1

Circumferential joints

on a nozzle where

, d>150mm (6 in) or

t>16mm (5/8 in)

RT or UT

MT or PT

100%

10%

100%

10%

(4)

100%

10%

100%

10%

(4)

10%

10% (3)

10%

(4)

B 2,3

Circumferential joints

on a nozzle where

d > 150 mm (6 in) or

t > 16 mm (5/8 in)

with backing strip (9)

RT or UT

MT or PT

100%

10%

25%

10%

25%

10%

B 1

Circumferential joints

on a nozzle where

d ≤ 150 mm (6 in) and

t ≤ 16 mm (5/8 in)

MT or PT 100% 10% 100% 10% 10% 10%

A 1

All welds in spheres,

heads and hemispherical

heads to shells

RT or UT

MT or PT

100%

10%

100%

10% (4)

100%

10%

100%

10% (4)

25%

10%

(4)

B 1

Attachment of a conical shell

with a cylindrical shell

at an angle ≤ 30

RT or UT

MT or PT

100%

10%

100%

10% (4)

100%

10%

100%

10% (4)

10%

10% (4)

B 8

Attachment of a conical

shell with a cylindrical shell

at an angle > 30

RT or UT

MT or PT

100%

10%

100%

10% (4)

100%

10%

100%

10% (4)

25%

10%

10% (4)

2010 SECTION VIII

DIVISION 2

7-23

Table 7.2 – Nondestructive Examination

Examination Group

1a 1b 2a 2b 3a 3b

Permitted Materials

All Materials

in Annex 3.A

P-No 1 Gr 1 & 2

P-No. 8 Gr 1

P-No. 8 Gr 2

P-No 9A Gr 1

P-No 9B Gr 1

P-No. 11A Gr 1

P-No. 11A Gr 2

P-No. 10H Gr 1

P-No 1 Gr 1 & 2

P-No 8 Gr 1

P-No 8 Gr 2

P-No 9A Gr 1

P-No 9B Gr 1

P-No 10H Gr 1

P-No 1 Gr 1 & 2

P-No 8 Gr 1

Weld Joint Efficiency

1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.85 0.85

Joint

Category

Type of Weld (1)

Type of

NDE (2)

Extent of NDE (10)(11)(12)

Assembly of a flat

head or tubesheet,

with a cylindrical

shell

Assembly of a

flange

or a collar

with a shell

1,2,

3, 7

With full penetration

MT or PT

100%

10%

100%

10% (4)

100%

10%

100%

10% (4)

25%

10%

10% (4)

C 9, 10

With partial penetration if

a > 16 mm (5/8 in) (16)

MT or PT

NA NA NA NA

25%

10%

C 9, 10

With partial penetration if

a ≤ 16 mm (5/8 in) (16)

MT or PT

NA NA NA NA 10% 10%

Assembly of a

flange

or a collar

with a nozzle

1,2,

3, 7

With full penetration

RT or UT

MT or PT

100%

10%

100%

10% (4)

100%

10%

100%

10% (4)

25%

10%

10% (4)

C 9, 10 With partial penetration MT or PT NA NA NA NA 10% 10%

C 9, 10

With full or partial

penetration

d ≤ 150 mm (6 in) and

t ≤ 16 mm (5/8 in)

MT or PT 10% 10% (4) 10% 10% (4) 10% 10% (4)

Nozzle or branch

(5)

1,2,

3, 7

With full penetration

d > 150 mm (6 in) or

t > 16 mm (5/8 in)

RT or UT

MT or PT

100%

10%

100%

10% (4)

100%

10%

100%

10% (4)

25%

10%

10% (4)

1,2,

3, 7

With full penetration

d ≤ 150 mm (6 in) and

t ≤ 16 mm (5/8 in)

MT or PT 100% 10% 100% 10% 10% 10%

D 9, 10

With partial penetration for

any d

a > 16 mm (5/8 in) (17)

MT or PT

100%

10%

100%

10% (4)

100%

10%

100%

10% (4)

25%

10%

10% (4)

D 9, 10

With partial penetration

d > 150 mm (6 in)

a ≤ 16 mm (5/8 in) (17)

MT or PT NA NA NA NA 10% 10%

9, 10

With partial penetration d

≤ 150 mm (6 in)

a ≤ 16 mm (5/8 in)

MT or PT 100% 10% 100% 10% 10% 10%

2010 SECTION VIII

DIVISION 2

7-24

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Table 7.2 – Nondestructive Examination

Examination Group

1a 1b 2a 2b 3a 3b

Permitted Materials

All Materials

in Annex 3.A

P-No 1 Gr 1 & 2

P-No. 8 Gr 1

P-No. 8 Gr 2

P-No 9A Gr 1

P-No 9B Gr 1

P-No. 11A Gr 1

P-No. 11A Gr 2

P-No. 10H Gr 1

P-No 1 Gr 1 & 2

P-No 8 Gr 1

P-No 8 Gr 2

P-No 9A Gr 1

P-No 9B Gr 1

P-No 10H Gr 1

P-No 1 Gr 1 & 2

P-No 8 Gr 1

Weld Joint Efficiency

1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.85 0.85

Joint

Category

Type of Weld (1)

Type of

NDE (2)

Extent of NDE (10)(11)(12)

Tube-to-Tubesheet

Welds

See Figure 4.18.13 and Table

4.C.1

MT or PT 100% 100% 100% 100% 25% 10%

Permanent

attachments

(6)

1, 7,

9, 10

With full penetration or

partial penetration (15)

RT or UT

MT or PT

25% (7)

100%

10% (4)

10%

100%

10% (4)

10%

100%

10% (4)

Pressure retaining

areas

after removal of

attachments

NA MT or PT 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

---

Cladding by

welding

---

RT or UT

MT or PT

(13) (13) (13) (13) (13) (13)

100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

--- Repairs (14) ---

RT or UT

MT or PT

100%

Notes:

1. See paragraph 4.2.

2. RT = Radiographic Examination, UT = Ultrasonic Examination, MT = Magnetic Particle Examination, PT = Liquid Penetrant Examination.

3. 2% if t ≤ 30 mm (1-3/16 in) and same weld procedure specification as longitudinal, for steel of P-No.1 Gr 1 and P-No.8 Gr 1

4. 10% if t > 30 mm (1-3/16 in), 0% if

≤

30 mm (1-3/16 in)

5. Percentage in the table refers to the aggregate weld length of all the nozzles, see paragraph 7.4.3.5 b.

6. RT or UT is not required for weld thicknesses

≤

16 mm (5/8 in)

7. 10% for steel of P-No. 8 Gr 2, P-No 9A Gr 1, P-No 9B Gr 1, P-No. 11A Gr 1, P-No. 11A Gr 2, P-No. 10H Gr 1

8. (Currently not used.)

9. For limitations of application see paragraph 4.2.

10. The percentage of surface examination refers to the percentage of length of the welds both on the inside and the outside.

11. RT and UT are volumetric examination methods, and MT and PT are surface examination methods. Both volumetric and surface examinations are

required to be applied the extent shown.

12. NA means "not applicable". All Examination Groups require 100% visual examination to the maximum extent possible.

13. See paragraph 7.4.8.1 for detailed examination requirements.

14. The percentage of examination refers only to the repair weld and the original examination methods, see paragraph 6.2.7.3.

15. RT is applicable only to Type 1, full penetration welds.

16. The term “a” as defined in Figure 7.16.

17. The term “a” as defined in Figure 7.17.

7-25

2010 SECTION VIII

DIVISION 2

2010 SECTION VIII-2

7-26

Table 7.3 – Selection of Nondestructive Testing Method For Full Penetration Joints

Type of Joint

Shell thickness – t

13 (1/ 2 .)tmm in

13 (1/ 2 .)tmm in≥

1, 2, 3 RT RT or UT per 7.5.5

7, 8 N/A UT per 7.5.4 or 7.5.5

Table 7.4 – Nondestructive Examination Of Layered Vessels

Joint

Category

Weld Joint Description Type of

NDE

Extent

A, B

Category A and B joint in the inner shell and in the

inner head

RT or UT

MT or PT

100%

Category A joints in layer 3 mm through 8 mm (1/8

in. through 5/16 in) in thickness

RT or UT

MT (or PT)

100%

Category A joints in layer 8 mm through 16 mm (5/16

in. through 5/8 in) in thickness

MT (or PT)

10%

100%

Category A joints in layer 16 mm through 22 mm (5/8

in. through 7/8 in) in thickness

MT (or PT)

100%

Category B step welded girth joints in layer 3 mm

through 8 mm (1/8 in. through 5/16 in) in thickness

MT (or PT)

SPOT

100%

Category B step welded girth joints in layer 8 mm

through 16 mm (5/16 in. through 5/8 in) in thickness

RT or UT

MT (or PT)

100%

Category B step welded girth joints in layer 16 mm

through 22 mm (5/8 in. through 7/8 in) in thickness

MT (or PT)

SPOT

10%

100%

Category B step welded girth joints in layer over 22

mm (7/8 in) in thickness

MT or PT

100%

A, B, D

Category A, B, D full thickness butt welding of solid

section to layered section

MT (or PT)

100%

Flat head and tube sheet weld joints of step welded

girth joint

Same as Category B step welded girth

joint

Nozzle and communicating chamber to layered shell

or layered head

MT (or PT) 100%

E Attachment welds to the pressure boundary MT (or PT) 100%

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