Xin Q. Diesel Engine System Design
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932 Diesel engine system design
© Woodhead Publishing Limited, 2011
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941
15
Diesel engine system specification design
and subsystem interaction
Abstract: This chapter illustrates the process of engine system design
analysis in a four-dimensional design space that consists of hardware
conguration, hardware design specication, engine speed and load, and
ambient temperature and altitude. It goes on by summarizing the design
guidelines for critical modes (e.g., peak torque, rated power) including
considerations relating to system design constraints. Many simulation
examples of subsystem interaction and optimization are presented.
Key words: system design specication, four-dimensional design space,
subsystem interaction, optimization, sensitivity analysis.
15.1 The process of system design analysis
As mentioned in Chapter 1, the main objective of diesel engine system design
is to produce system performance design specications and the justication
of the optimum design point by using advanced simulation tools to construct
parametric sensitivity or optimization charts. The need for using advanced
software is obvious for three reasons: (1) primitive hand calculations of engine
air system performance are not accurate enough for precise system design;
(2) the required nonlinear constrained optimization of DoE emulators for
generating parametric design charts can be computed only with specialized
software; and (3) the high demand of complex transient analysis in hardware
selection cannot be conducted without using simulation software.
Figure 15.1 illustrates the complex process of engine system analysis in a
four-dimensional design space as follows: (1) hardware conguration (e.g.,
single-stage or two-stage turbocharger); (2) hardware design specication
(both steady-state and transient; both normal operation and aftertreatment
regeneration; e.g., turbine area and EGR valve opening); (3) engine speed
and load; and (4) ambient temperature and altitude. The process starts with
setting the design constraints and identifying all possible conguration options
to reach the target emissions recipe or its equivalent air system requirements
(air–fuel ratio, EGR rate and intake manifold gas temperature, detailed in
Chapter 7). The DoE method is normally used to quickly rule out some
options and then to optimize the design specication of each subsystem for
minimum BSFC subject to the design constraints. The subsystems include
turbocharger, valvetrain, ports, manifolds, EGR circuit, exhaust restriction,
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