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1062 name index
Rowe, D M 771
Rowthorn, R 646 n2
Rubinfeld, D 360, 362, 453, 751 n9, 780 n3
Rubinstein, A 607 n6, 912, 92 1
Rudalevige, A 244
Rueben, K 467
Rueda, D 615 n14
Ruggie, J G 765
Russell, P 281, 282
Russett, B M 839, 840, 870, 873, 875, 876
Rustichini, A 316 n9, 634
Rutherford, T 452, 452 n30, 456
Rutten, A 1006 n3
Saari, D G 391, 392, 393, 396, 399, 400, 401, 402, 404,
405, 406, 900
Sacerdote, B 636, 975
Sachs, J D
465, 548 n2, 560, 716, 734, 740
Sadka, E 467
Saez, E 314 n4, 627
Sahlins, M D 711, 719
Saijo, T 386
Sait, E M 1032, 1033
Sala, B J 204
Salanié, B 444 n6
Sambanis, N 858
Samuels, D J 131 n7
Samuelson, P A 442, 480, 759, 764, 814, 819 n8, 900,
986
Sanchez-Pages, S 892
Sandler, T 766 n13, 882 n1
Sanguinetti, P 364, 466, 473
Sargent, T 644
Sarkees, M 875
Sato, M 457 n42
Satterthwaite, M 403, 480
Savage, L L 973
Savioz, M R 465
Scalia, Antonin 346
Scanlon, T M 2934, 296
Scarf, H 385
Schattschneider, E E 759, 762
Scheinkman, J 632, 975
Scheve, K F 820 n9, 824
Scheve, T 556 n7
Schickler, E 224
Schlesinger, J 606
Schmidtchen, D 780 n3
Schmittberger, R 958
Schmitter, P 604, 657, 659, 664 n8
Schneider, F 559
Schofield, N 129, 135, 149, 162, 163 n3, 172 n22, 187,
448, 450, 450 n21, 489 n23, 606, 832, 900, 904,
918
Schotter, A 1034
Schram, A 930
Schroeder, C H 261
Schubert, G 211
Schuessler, A 41 n8, 331 n2
Schultz, C 52
Schultz, K A
832, 839, 841, 873, 874, 875
Schummer, J 384
Schumpeter, Joseph 304, 453, 771
Schwartz, T 213, 214, 279, 905 n8
Schwat, B 958
Schweizer, U 770
Schweller, R L 832
Scotchmer, S 780 n3
Scott, J C 952
Scruggs, L 606
Seabright, P 464
Searle, J R 312
Segal, J 204, 208, 210, 211, 281
Segura, G 872
Sekiguchi, T 956
Seldon, A 527
Selfridge, John L 427
Sellers, M N S 342 n1
Selten, R 171 n19
Selznick, P 212
Sen, A 316, 376, 405, 408, 409, 417, 418, 419, 532, 943
Sened, I 163 n3
Serizawa, S 384
, 386
Shadbegian, R J 467
Shambayati, H 716
Shannon, M L 845
Shapiro, Ian 39
Shapiro, M 214, 280, 571 n12
Shapiro, R 30 n1, 43, 44, 252
Shapley, L 189, 385
Shariq, S 1032
Shaw, M 148
Sherin, S 558
Shenker, S 385, 386
Shepsle, K A 6, 7 n6, 8, 11, 126, 128, 129, 135, 136,
146 n7, 150, 151, 157, 162, 164, 165, 1668, 174 n29,
225, 226 n4, 260, 322, 447 n
13, 528, 616 n16, 858, 865,
997 n2, 998, 1018, 1032, 1033, 1037 n3, 1041, 1042,
1044, 1047
Shi, M 559
Shibata, H 455 n40
Shin, T 942
Shipan, C 6, 142 n1, 181, 204, 21516, 21718, 244, 247,
248, 250 n8, 260, 262, 263, 268, 269, 278, 446 n10
Shishido, H 427 n2
Shleifer, A 630, 632
Shotts, K W 252
Shoven, J B 448 n15
Shubik, M 189
Shugart, M 103, 107, 109 n15, 112, 131 n7, 142 n1, 281,
472, 612, 728, 732
Shugart, W 452 n26
Shvetsova, O 130, 282, 359, 364, 613
Siavelis, P 145
Sibert, A 5267, 534, 546, 572
Sidney, Algernon 303, 306
Sigelman, L 152
Signorino, C 836
Silvestre, J 1026
Simmons, B 589, 592, 645, 710, 763 n9, 833
Simon, H 212, 961, 971
Simon, J 314
Simpser, A 694, 703
Singh, N 18, 19 n22, 961
Singh, S
711, 714 n3, 715, 894
Sinn, H W 647
name index 1063
Siverson, R M 839, 844, 872
Skach, C 659
Skaperdas, S 444 n5, 781, 882 n1, 883 n2, 885 n5, 886,
890, 891, 892, 893, 894
Skidmore, M 466
Skilling, D 469
Skocpol, T 718
Slantchev, B 871, 872
Slaughter, A-M 767 n16
Slaughter, M J 820 n9, 824
Slezkine, Y 854
Slivinski, A 81, 132, 323, 450, 607, 908, 1019
Sloof, R 51, 54 n9, 56
Slutsky, S 997 n2
Smart, M 446 n12
Smelser, N 938
Smith, A 12, 124 n4
Smith, Adam 3,
306, 549, 836, 839, 847, 870, 872, 876
Smith, Al 635
Smith, S 148
Smith, Vernon 915, 916, 919
Smithies, A 900
Snidal, D 761, 767 n16, 834
Sniderman, P 33, 35, 44
Snyder, J 10, 32 n5, 35 n7, 36, 38, 46, 90, 95, 132, 133,
190, 191, 234, 248, 252 n15, 608, 715, 771, 834, 872,
873, 876, 926, 1023
Snyder,SK 204, 205, 206
, 214 n7, 244
Sobel, J 909 n13, 912
Sokolo,KL 624, 633, 747
Solingen, E 771
Sombart, Werner 625, 634
Somogyvári, I 148
Somoza, Anastasio 698, 7012
Sonbeyran, R 892
Sönmez, T 385
Sonnemans, J 930
Sorauf, F J 46 n13
Soskice, D 607, 613, 614, 615, 616, 617, 647, 650, 651,
652, 709, 733, 819, 826
Soto, H de 716
Sotomayor, M 385
Spaeth, H J 208, 281
Spector, L 393, 394
Spence, A M 909 n13, 912
Spence, D B 261
Spiller, P 210, 215 n8, 275,
278, 283 n9
Spitzer, M 280
Spolaore, E 21, 634, 769, 779, 780, 781, 782 n15,
784 n19, 786, 788 n27, 789 n28, 790 n30, 792,
793, 794, 795
Sprague, J 611
Spriggs, J F 210, 269
Sprumont, Y 377, 383, 384
Sraa, P 88, 101
Staal, K 779
Stacchetti, E 384, 956
Staiger, Robert 766, 767
Stalin, J 699, 700
Stam, A 836, 844, 870, 871, 872, 873, 875, 876
Stark, D 661
Starr, H 657
Stearns, Maxwell 974
Stegmaier, M 566 n1
Stein, E 363, 465, 466, 467, 473, 592, 594
Stepan, A 659, 663 n4, 679 n2
Stephens, J D 604, 606, 613, 649
Stephenson, M 282 n8
Stern, J 952
Stevenson, J 686
Stevenson, R 124, 164 n5, 165, 173 n28, 175, 176
Stewart, C H 35 n7, 1046
Stewart, R 277
Stienlet, G 473
Stigler, G 212 n6, 455 n39, 512, 51718, 575, 767,
985 n4
Stiglitz, J E 442 n1, 527,
750, 766
Stimson, James 43, 575 n19
Stinchcombe, A 945
Stock, J 57 1 n12
Stockman, David 203
Stokes, Donald 32, 35
Stokes, G 530 n5
Stokes, S C 315 n5, 607 n4, 725
Stolper, Wolfgang 759, 764, 814
Storcken, T 384
Story, Joseph 1040, 1043 n10
Strange, W C 749 n8
Stratmann, T 60, 452 n30
Strauch, R R 466, 467, 472, 473, 474
Strauss, D A 349
Strauss, S 683
Stroessner, Alfredo 703
Strom, K 123, 124, 128, 129, 162, 164, 165, 171, 173, 174,
175, 732
Strömberg, D 728
, 731
Stromquist, W 426
Stuart, C 80, 81 n13
Sturm, J-E 473
Su, F E 427, 428 n4
Sugden, R 376
Suijs, J 385
Suleiman, R 932
Summerhill, W R 697, 747 , 748
Sundaram, R 81
Sunkel, O 760 n5
Sunstein, C R 349
Suny, R G 854
Suppes, P 414
Suzuki, M 575 n18
Suzumura, K 376
Svenson, P 153
Svensson, J 559
Svensson, L 385
Swank, D H 560, 606
Swedberg, R 938, 948
Swenson, P 603, 604, 605, 617, 618, 648 n3
Syropoulos, C 885 n5, 886, 890, 893
Szakaly, K 466
Taagepera, R 103, 105, 1067, 109 n15,
110, 472, 732
Tabarrok, A 393, 394, 397
Tabellini, G 88, 115 n27, 154, 360, 362, 452, 464, 468,
469, 526, 607, 612, 613, 630, 631, 724, 725, 727,
729, 730, 731, 732, 733, 734, 735, 826, 909 n12,
1017
1064 name index
Ta lv i , E 466, 473
Tammen, R 832, 836
Ta rar, A 767
Ta rro w, S 688
Ta te , N 841
Taw n e y, R H 688
Tay l or, A D 425, 426, 427, 429, 431
Tay l or, M 711, 955
Tay l or, R 612 n12, 1032 n1
Thaler, R 957, 959, 1025, 1026
Thatcher, Margaret 127, 129
Theiss-Morse, E 304
Thelen, K 617, 618
Thies, M 155, 181 n3, 612
Thisse, J 739 n1, 784 n23
Thoma, M A 558
Thomas, R P 685, 709, 719
Thompson, E P 688
Thompson, J A 152
Thompson, M R 698
Thomson, E A 794 n36
Thomson, W 377
Thucydides 831
Ticchi, D 733, 826
Tiebout, C 22,
360, 512, 780
Tietz, R 957
Tiller, E 210, 283 n9
Tillman, E 873
Ting, M 38, 132, 190, 191, 268
Tirole, J 249 n7, 905 n9, 1036, 1039
To c q u e v i l l e , A l e x i s d e 302 n11, 634
To l l i s o n , R 951
To m a , M 452 n26
Tommasi, M 364, 466, 473, 592
To m z , M 556 n7
To r v i k , R 705, 882 n1
Treb bi, F 469, 727, 729, 730, 1036
Trei s ma n, D 359, 361
Tr in, Robert 759
Tr iv er s, R ob e rt 9545
Trujillo, Rafael 698, 701
Truman, Harry S 576 n24
Tsebelis, G 122 n1
, 145, 150, 152, 153, 180 n1, 181, 182 n4,
187, 559, 560, 734, 1036
Tufte , E R 105, 546, 548, 549, 553, 559, 642, 644, 652,
778 n2
Tullo ck, G 8, 22, 149 n13, 154, 321, 330 n1, 343, 446 n9,
448, 454 n34, 527, 694, 696, 699, 711, 781, 951, 991,
997
Tur ti s, R L 698
Uebelmesser, S 456
Urbiztondo, S
215 n8
USA Today 524 n1
Usher, D 450 n20, 451 n23
Va il , L 856
Vä li mä k i, J 956
van Creveld, M L 718, 982 n1
van de Walle, N 657, 660, 663 n4
van der Stel, H 384
van Newenhizen, J 396
van Wincoop, E 741
van Winden, F 51, 54 n9
Va nb er g , C 57 n10
Va nb er g , G 155, 171 n21
Vanden Bergh, R G 216 n9
Vansina, J 717 n4
Va rs hn e y, A 951
Vasquez, J 834
Va ti kio t is , M 698
Ve a l l , M R 314 n4
Ve i tc h , J M 678
Ve l a s co , A 465, 734
Ve n a bl e s , A J 739 n1, 741, 742, 744,
745, 746 n5, 747 n6, 748
, 749 n7, 750,
780 n6
Verba, S 325
Verdier, D 763 n9
Verdier, T 705, 842
Ve r m i ly e a , T 214 n7
Vickrey, W 487 n17
Victor, J N 211
Vindigni, A 733, 826
Viner, J 780 n6
Vinhas de Souza, L 554 n5
Vlaicu, R 170 n16
Vohra, R 892
Vo lden , C 172 n25, 182, 224, 228, 247, 252 n15, 2612,
263, 267
Vo lg y, T 834
Vo li j, O 779
Vo l la r t h , D 629
vonHagen,J 154, 464, 465, 466, 467, 47 1, 472, 473,
474, 614, 734
von Neumann, J
900, 903
Wacqua nt, L 941
Wacz iarg , R 779, 781 n7, 793, 794
Wagn er, R E 534
Wagn er, R H 863 n16
Wahlbeck, P J 21011
Wałe¸sa, Lech 659, 661
Walker, M 480, 489 n21
Wall ace, N 644
Wallenstein, A W E von 71920
Wall er, C J 535
Wallerstein, I 751
Wallerstein, M 603, 604, 611, 615 n14, 644, 647,
951
Wall is, John 1003 n1
Walsh, C 533
Walter, B F 863, 864
Waltz, K 832, 833, 834, 835
Wantch eko n, L 704
Warn er yd , K 888
Warwick, P 123, 165, 171, 172 n24
Wasserman, S 939
Waterma n, R W 263
Wats on, M 571 n
12
Watten be rg , M 113
Waw ro, G J 224
Way, L 664 n7
We bb, W A 425, 427
We be r, E J 856, 860
We be r, M ax 265, 628, 944, 948
name index 1065
We be r, R 925
We be r, S 21, 779, 788
Weibull, J 74, 92 n14, 93 n16, 945, 450 n19, 1018 n6
Weingast, B R 6, 7 n6, 89, 11, 89, 135, 143, 151, 154,
201, 204, 205, 206, 213, 214, 215 n8, 225, 226 n4,
244, 248, 257, 263, 274, 275, 276, 277, 280 n7, 299,
321, 324 n
21, 359, 360, 362, 363, 447 n13, 465, 528,
613, 617, 630, 675, 678, 685, 697, 709, 747 , 748, 782
n13, 863, 951, 956, 998, 1003 n1, 1006 n3, 1038,
1046
Weinstein, D E 818, 820
Welch, I 929
Werner, S 833, 848, 872, 873, 875, 876
Wessels, B 114 n26
We yma r k, J 417, 418, 422
Whalley, J 448 n15, 766 n14
Whateley, Thomas 304
Whinston, M D 450
, 480 n2, 485 n14, 912
Whinstone, A 375, 380
Whitford, A B 270
Whitten, G D 559, 578, 579, 582
Wibbels, E 361, 469, 614, 617
Wicksell, Knut 442, 453, 454, 989, 9901
Widener, J 657, 658 n3
Wiessner, P 952
Wildasin, David 87, 502 n1, 516
Wildavsky, A 202, 474
Williams, K C 924, 928
Williamson, J G 515, 818
Williamson, O E 301, 614, 761
Willis, E 364, 367
Wilson, C 171, 172
Wilson, Harold 565
Wilson, J D 502 n1, 511
Wilson, J Q 201, 213
Wilson, Rick 920
Wilson, W
243
Winch, D 313
Winer, S L 448, 450, 452, 452 n26, 453, 454 n36, 455,
456, 527 n3
Winstanley, Gerrard 306
Winter, E 171 n19
Wintrobe, R 446 n10, 695
Wittman, D 10, 14 n14, 15, 16, 22, 36, 37, 71, 80, 110 n18,
158, 304, 455, 455 n40, 456, 529, 553, 606, 779, 781,
782, 787, 794, 795 n38, 863 n16, 882
n1, 951, 998
Wo glo m, G 467
Wo l,ER 711
Wo l,G 466
Wo lf ram, C D 32 n5
Wood, B D 262, 263
Wood, E J 952
Wood, G 181
Wood, G S 303, 304, 342 n1
Woods, N 261
Woodward, C V 630
Wo ol e y, J 550
Woon, Jon 234 n16, 238
Wren, A 646, 647, 648, 649
Wright, G 35 n7, 705
Wright, J R 211, 261
Wright, Sewell 579 n31
Xu, Y 376
Yarbrough, Beth 761
Ya r b r o u g h , R o b e r t 761
Yeltsin, Boris 662
Yläoutinen, S 473
Yoshinaka, A 57 8 n29
Yo u , J 634
Yo u n g , C 856
Yo u n g , H P 425, 429 n6
Yo u n g , L 762
Yo u n g , P 952
Zakaria, F 715
Zax, J S
360
Zeckhauser, R 781 n8
Zellner, A 579
Zeng, D-Z 427 n2, 42 8 n4
Zeng, L 835
Zodrow, G 448 n15
Zorn, C J W 211
Zukin, S 938
Zwicker, W S 426, 427
Subject Index
...................................................
accountability:
and coalition governments 729
and electoral systems 468, 724, 7267
direct eects of 7278
indirect eects of 72930
and income redistribution 85
and representation 7245
and retrospective voting 468
actor-network-theory (ANT) 940
Administrative Procedure Act (USA, 1946)
214
and implications of 27880
administrative state 2567
advertising, see political advertising
Africa, and democratization 664
African Financial Community 588
age, and international trade 8256
agency discretion 21416
agenda-setting:
and centralized agenda powers 1556
omnibus bills 1567
policy direction 156
and judiciary 211
and legislative organization:
agenda-setting oces 145
evolution of agenda-setting powers
1467
types of agenda power 14951
and negative agenda power 14950
gridlock 1512
reactions to gridlock 152
roll rates of veto players 153
and parliamentary systems 125
6
and positive agenda power 1535
counterbalancing of 1545
decentralization of 154
and presidential veto power 245
and procedural cartel theory 229, 230
agglomeration, see economic geography
alliances, and anarchy 8923
Allnut vs Inglis (King’s Bench, 1810) 350
ally principle, and delegation 260, 2623, 264, 266,
267, 269
altruism:
and cooperative behavior 953
parental 18
see also behavior; cooperation
American Association of Retired Persons (AARP)
538
American politics, new separation-of-powers
approach to 199202, 21819
and the bureaucracy 21216
agency discretion 21416
control of 21314
development of new approach 21213
and causality 201
and decision-making sequence 219
and degrees of freedom problem 201
and implications for empirical analysis 201
and institutional interactions 200, 21617
telecommunications policy 21718
and judicial review 21718
and judiciary 207
12
agenda-setting 211
appointments process 211
interactions with other institutions 2078
judicial decision-making 20810
legislative override 20910
limits on policy-making capacity 21011
and the presidency 2027, 2412
appointments process 2047
interactions with other institutions 202
spatial model of budget problem 2024
veto rights 2024
and strategic interactions 200, 21819
anarchy:
and absence of higher authority 881, 882
and alliance formation 8923
and commitment problems 8902
and contracts 881, 882
andgunsvsbuttertrade-off8823
determination of power 8846
technologies of conflict 8834
and hierarchical governance 8934
and impact of norms and institutions 890
and international relations 881
and motives for negotiated settlement:
complementarities in
production/consumption 888
destructiveness of war 8867
risk aversion 887
uncertainty 8878
and role of the future 8901
and rules of division and level of arming 88890
and trade and security policy 893
anthropology, and the state 709
appeasement 837
appointments process:
and American presidency 2047, 2479
and judiciary 211
approval voting. and voting theory 3967
see also voting behavior; voting theory
subject index 1067
Argentina 314
and federalism 359
and financial crisis 595
and repression 681
Arrow’s theorem, see impossibility theorem
audience costs:
and international conflict 841
and war 8745
audience democracy 304
Australia, and constitution of 338
authoritarian government, see dictatorships and
authoritarian government
balance of power, and conflict 831
see also international conflict
Ballot Act (UK, 1872) 686
bargaining:
and bicameralism 1878
concurrent majorities 1889
fiscal prudence 1901
malapportionment 191
super-majorities 189
and cabinet stability (Diermeier-Merlo
model) 1734
and coalition formation:
demand bargaining 1701
sequential bargaining (Baron-Ferejohn
model) 16870
and committee decision-making 91718, 9212
and international bargaining 7668
and partisanship 607
and presidential veto power 2457, 2501
Baron-Ferejohn model, and coalition
formation 16870
Baumol’s ‘disease538
behavior:
and cooperation 952, 953
4, 9634, 978
altruism 953
evolution of strong reciprocity 9601
explanation of 9534
internal norms 961
as means not end 954
mutualistic cooperation 9547
pro-social emotions 9623
requirements for model of 9556
strong reciprocity 95760
and evolutionary models of 45
co-evolution of memes/genes 1820
equilibrium 17
evolution of strong reciprocity 9601
internal norms 961
mutualistic cooperation 9545
other-regarding behavior 1718
parental altruism 18
pro-social emotions 1820, 9623
reciprocal altruism 9545
shirking 19
survival 17
vengeful behavior 18
and game theory:
cooperation 9567
strong reciprocity 95760
and mutualistic cooperation 953
and other-regarding preferences 1718, 952
and rational behavior 1034
and self-regarding preferences
952
and shortcomings of standard models 9512
and social preferences 9523, 957
evolution of 953
behavioralism 30
Belgium:
and budget process 473
and ethnicity 854
and federalism 366
beliefs 10056
and colonial America 10067
and inequality 6378
bicameralism 1934
and chamber preferences 184
and coalition formation 1756
and definition 180 n1
and information aggregation 1923
and multi-dimensional models 1867
and multilateral bargaining theory 1878
concurrent majorities 1889
fiscal prudence 1901
malapportionment 191
super-majorities 189
and origins of 1801
and rationale for:
compromise eect 1823
minority protection 181
preservation of federalism 181
stability 1823
and role of political parties 183
and spatial models of malapportionment
1846
and spatial models of policy-making 1814
and super-majority requirements 183
see also legislatures
borders:
and border regions 788
and defense/security issues 7946
and determination of 792
and economic impact of 741
and state size 77980
see also state size
bounded rationality 9778
bravery 19
Brazil 325
and authoritarian government 702
and federalism 359
and financial crisis (1999) 524
Bretton Woods system 588, 590, 759
budget process:
and American presidency 2024
and coalition governments 7345
and ex ante fiscal rules 4667
and public finance 4704
centralization 4701
contract approach 4712
delegation 4712
enforcement 472
impact of centralization 4734
impact of electoral rules 472
stages of 4701
1068 subject index
Bulgaria 314
bureaucracy:
and administrative state 2567
and centrality of 256
and delegation 21416, 256
administrative dominance 2656
agency design 2612
ally principle 260, 2623, 264, 266, 267, 269
assumptions underlying models of 2578,
2689
bureaucratic capacity 267
commitment problem 26870
empirical tests of 2614
information asymmetries 2667
instruments of 257
judiciary 269
modeling of delegation strategies 25761
multi-principals issue 2678
nature of legislation 2623
policy uncertainty 25960, 262, 263, 266, 269
political context 2645, 26970
political control 265
political oversight 257, 264
political uncertainty 2601, 2634, 266
substitution eect 260, 263, 266
and legal control of 27781
Chevron decision 2801
implications of Administrative Procedure
Act 27880
and new separation-of-powers approach to 201,
21216
agency discretion 21416
control of 21314
development of 21213
Burma 681
Burundi 679
cabinet stability 165
and non-cooperative bargaining 1734
and structure-induced equilibrium
1667
California, and special interest gridlock 530
Cambodia, and terror 699
campaign financing 46, 612
and expenditure function 5960
and interest groups 50, 52
and micro-founded models of 51
and political advertising
directly informative 579
indirectly informative 547
and public funding 59, 60
and regulation of 51
and vote share 50
1, 5960
Canada:
and economic openness 827
and ethnicity 855
and ex ante fiscal rules 466
candidates:
and electoral framework 667
and laboratory experiments on elections
922
asymmetric contests 926
candidate convergence 923
median voter theorem 9234
multicandidate elections 9245
retrospective voting 9234
and policy-positioning 64, 812
deterministic voting 6772
probabilistic voting, stochastic partisanship
model 727
probabilistic voting, stochastic preference model
7781
and political advertising:
directly informative 579
indirectly informative 537
see also elections
capital mobility:
and fiscal competition 5045, 5089, 51819
dynamics 51417
and welfare implications of 505
capitalism:
and democracy 23, 601
class compromise 603
coexistence with 6012
diversity of capitalist democracies 6034
role of political power
6045
and institutional diversity 602
and varieties of capitalism approach 6023,
61417
coordinated market economies 615
institutional complementarity 615
liberal market economies 615
relationship of economic/political
institutions 616
role of economic institutions 61415
state’s economic role 6501
welfare state 61516
and welfare state 6012
cartels 767
censorship, and United States Supreme Court
346
central banks:
as domestic and international non-issue 5235
and independence of 533, 536
centralization:
and budget process 4701, 4734
and policy outcomes 185
and voter preferences 1856
charity 446
Chicago School 455, 767
Chile 314, 325
China 679
and economic development 5312
and economic openness 827
and ethnicity 854
and repression 681
and terror 699
cities:
and attraction of 749
and economic geography 739
and economic policy 7501
and equilibrium size 750
and labor mobility 743
and market size/access 743
and transport costs 74950
see also economic geography
subject index 1069
citizen duty, and voting behavior 401
citizen-candidate model 909
and equilibrium analysis of public finance 4501,
452
and partisanship 607
and political failure 456
Civil Rights Act (USA, 1964) 276
class:
and class coalitions 609
and democracy and capitalism 603, 6045
and electoral systems 613
clubs 780
clustering 7423
and cities:
attractions of 749
economic policy 7501
equilibrium size 750
transport costs 74950
and firm linkages 744
and industrialization in New World 7478
and Krugman-Venables trade/location
model 7456
and labor mobility 743
and market size/access 743
and sequential growth 7489
and technological externalities 745
and thick labor market 7445
see also economic geography
coalitions:
and accountability 729
and agenda power 150
and budget deficits 7345
and cabinet stability 165
non-cooperative bargaining 1734
structure-induced equilibrium 1667
and distributive politics 602, 608
11
class coalitions 609
public policy-making 609
racial politics 61011
re-bundling of issues 610
and electoral cycles 549, 550
and formation of:
bicameralism 1756
demand bargaining 1701
ecient negotiations 1712
ethnicity 8602
sequential bargaining 16870
structure-induced equilibrium 1658
and government spending 7324
and institutionalism 1625
cabinet stability 165
minority governments 1645
reappraisal of existing theory 1634
and non-cooperative approach, consequences for
research 1756
and parliamentary systems 163
and veto rights 150
Coase theorem 529
coercion:
and organization of 71920
and public sector economics 446
and societies with states 71215
and stateless societies 71011
cognition:
and change 1005
and paradoxes 9712
collective action:
and cooperative behavior 9634
altruism 953
evolution of strong reciprocity
9601
explanation of 9534
internal norms 961
as means not end 954
mutualistic cooperation 953, 9547
pro-social emotions 1820, 9623
strong reciprocity 95760
and de facto power 676
and economic development 530
and the individual 985
and objects of 9867
and organic state model of 981
and political parties 910
and unanimity rule 9901
and unitary or multiple decision-makers
9834
collective choice:
and collective preference theory 9025
core emptiness 9089
large populations 907
opportunities for trade 9067
and game theory 9056
core emptiness 91012
and individual choice processes 973
and public sector 4437, 457
collective preference theory 9025
and core emptiness 9089
and large populations 907
and opportunities for trade 9067
collectivities, and social choice 972
3
committee decision-making 91617
and bargaining in multidimensional policy
spaces 91718
and committee bargaining 9212
and core clustering 91921
and Fiorina and Plott’s experiments 91819
and information aggregation 9279
commitment problem 26870, 675, 677, 8902
Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) 803
common-pool problem:
and public finance 465, 4734
budget process 4701
electoral rules 4689
see also pork-barrel politics
comparative institutional analysis 223
and pivot theories 238
analysis of roll rates 2302, 2348
endogenous status quo points 2334
Comparative Manifestoes Project (CMP)
1378
competitive federalism 360
compromise eect, and bicameralism 1823
Condorcet criterion 103, 392, 403
conflict, and intergenerational conflict 5368
see also international conflict; war
constitutional political economy 9912
and constitutions as rules of the game 3302
1070 subject index
constitutionalism 28991, 3079
and citizen motivation 2901
and constitutions:
as consequentialist devices 290
costs of changing 308
diversity of 3078
and contemporary work on 289
and contractarian theories 289, 2917
contractual obligations 293
contractualist argument 2936
falsity of 3201
moral theory 2934
objections to 2913
rationalist agreement 294
reasonableness 2934, 2957
and conventions 295, 2978, 308
and coordination theories 289, 2979, 3078, 321
acquiescence 297, 298
dual-convention theory 2978
and Hobbes 2989
mutual advantage 2989
and establishing government 299
coordination 299301
empowerment of 301
and justice 3012
and liberal distrust 291
and limitations of constitutions 302
and limited government 289, 3057
and mutual advantage 291
and political economy approach 2901
and representative democracy 3035
audience democracy 304
corporate democracy 3045
virtual representation 3034
as two-stage problem 301
constitutions 3368
as consequentialist devices 290
and constitution-level decision-making 3301, 336
and costs of changing 308
and diversity of 3078
and economic policy 7234
as expressive documents 329, 3335, 33940
constitutional relevance 3368
and in-period decision-making 3301,
336
and instrumental activity 329, 333, 334, 33940
as legal documents 329, 331, 33940
enforcement 3312
intended audience
332
reform of 332
and limitations of 302
and popular ratification of 336
and procedural change 10423
admission of new members 1046
amendment procedures 10401, 1043
emergency powers 10467
escape clauses/nullification 10445
interpretative courts 10434
secession 10456
suspension of rules 1044
as rules of the game 329, 3302, 33940
distinction from constitutional document 331
enforcement 3312
intended audience 332
reform of 332
and social choice 973
and state intervention 342
and survival of democracy 3202
contractarian theories:
and constitutionalism 2917
contractual obligations 293
contractualist argument 2936
moral theory 2934
objections to 2913
rationalist agreement 294
reasonableness 2934, 2957
and falsity of 3201
contracts:
and anarchy 881
2
and United States Supreme Court 347
contracts aected with the public interest 3501
contracts clause 3478
economic liberties 34850
takings clause 3514
conventions, and constitutionalism 295, 2978, 308
cooperation 952, 9534, 9634, 978
and altruism 953
and explanation of 9534
and game theory 9567
strong reciprocity 95760
and internal norms 961
as means not end 954
and mutualistic cooperation 953, 9547
and pro-social emotions 1820, 9623
and reciprocal altruism 9545
and requirements for model of 9556
and strong reciprocity 95760
evolution of 9601
see also behavior
coordinated market economies 615, 6501
coordination:
and citizens in authoritarian regimes 1007
8
and constitutionalism 2979, 3078, 321
acquiescence 297, 298
dual-convention theory 2978
and Hobbes 2989
mutual advantage 2989
and establishing government 299301
and international monetary relations 589
and political organizations 42
and political parties 10
Copenhagen Consensus 525
core:
and committee decision-making 91921
and core emptiness 9089, 91012
and hypotheses of 834
corporate democracy 3045
corporate governance 724
Corrupt and Illegal Practices Act (UK, 1883) 686
corruption:
and ballot structure 725, 7278
and district magnitudes 729
and electoral reform 730
and electoral systems 469
and inequality 6334
and intra/inter-party competition 728
subject index 1071
and judiciary 632
and plurality voting 725
courts, see judiciary; United States Supreme Court
Cuba 702
culture, and survival of democracy 3246
currency policy, see exchange rates
cut-points, and spatial theory of voting 334
Cyprus, and ethnicity 855
Czech Republic, and democratization 664
Czechoslovakia 314
and repression 681
decentralization:
and policy outcomes 185
and voter preferences 185
decision-making:
and Administrative Procedure Act (USA, 1946)
278
and bicameralism 1923
and collective preference theory 9025
core emptiness 9089
large populations 907
opportunities for trade 9067
and committees 91617
bargaining in multidimensional policy
spaces 91718
committee bargaining 9212
core clustering 91921
Fiorina and Plott’s experiments 91819
information aggregation 9279
and game theory 9056
core emptiness 91012
and judiciary 20810
and social choice 972
and unanimity rule 9901
deindustrialization 646
delegation:
and agency discretion 21416
and budget process 4712
and bureaucracy 256
administrative dominance 2656
agency design 2612
ally principle 260, 2623, 264, 266, 267, 269
assumptions underlying models of 2578, 2689
bureaucratic capacity 267
commitment problem 26870
empirical tests of 2614
information asymmetries 2667
instruments of 257
judiciary 269
modeling of delegation strategies 25761
multi-principals issue 2678
nature of legislation 2623
policy uncertainty 25960, 262, 263, 266, 269
political context 2645, 26970
political control 265
political oversight 257, 264
political uncertainty 2601
, 2634, 266
substitution eect 260, 263, 266
demand bargaining, and coalition formation
1701
demand management, and the state 6436
and impact of international liberalization 6456
and impact of rational expectations 6445
and institutional environment 6445
see also economic policy
demand-revealing mechanisms, and allocation of
public goods 4879
democracy:
and capitalism 23, 601
class compromise 603
coexistence with 6012
diversity of capitalist democracies 6034
role of political power 6045
and characteristics of 312
and Coase theorem 529
and democratic transitions 617
and distributive politics 601
coalitional politics 602, 60811
institutional design 602, 61114
median voter theorem 604
partisanship 602, 6058
see also Downsian model
and inequality 6323
and paradoxes of rationality 43, 333
attempted resolutions of 40
2
rational ignorance 3940
rational non-participation 3840, 304
and representative democracy 3035
audience democracy 304
corporate democracy 3045
virtual representation 3034
and survival of 312
constitutions 3202
culture 3246
economic crises 31819
electoral chances 320
ethnic divisions 3224
income redistribution 31518, 31920
institutional choice 320
military power 319
moderate government 321
nineteenth-century doubts over 313
per capita income 31415, 6845, 705
in poor countries 319, 320
and theory of 67982
allocation of political power 67980
concessions by elites 680
democratic consolidation 680
elite coups 6801
emergence of 6834
relative political equality 679
repression by elites 681
transitory nature of de factor power 679
, 680
and uninformed voters:
information aggregation 1517
information revelation 1115
see also democratization
democratic peace:
and international conflict/war 838
audience costs 8745
institutional constraints 8401
institutional incentives 8425
normative explanation of 840
public opinion constraints 8713
selectorate theory 8425