Ващенко Ю.В. Банківське право
Подождите немного. Документ загружается.
51
)* (
K&!&% #$!&M% H+"& E!$@!' &#"I, "#$!", !D&$+* +%-
$!, ##$%' * #A+F E%"! %!!D!&! D'";&?!#.
K%"! 1917—1921 . =+$%D*I$A# E!#$*E!&!; ?"+&"C"I;
H+"&, *+C", += M!! D"F#% H%D@!$"&+!&= !D=*+"&
H*?! E%%! C%$?A!'* H;J%$!-!D=*+!&!'* *E&-
?";. T E%%=!!' ! %E*, * D&’D+* D E!J&&?%' $!&!-
@!R!&= &"!#, E!<? &"<*&$# E!$%H & !@"DC",
+%$!, ##$%', + H &"E!&"? E!$%H' "?!&!@! !H"@*.
%D*?A$$" D’&?# $+ +%$ ##$%', % %JH+*
&"&!?# !?A !@* @?* $ +!$!?; D "?A"#$; *#"=
+%$= *#$!&. R" H+ "? E"#$&" "D= !'
&?#!#$". ! H*? * <#$!'* &@?" +!'%C"F' E"EI'-
#$&', +" D"F#;&? H+"&#A+" !E%C",. =" &"!# D +?"-
I$*!; %@*?;&?# C&"?A' E&!'
63
. K"#? D#*& *
U+!&" #%*+,#A+!, +!$! %JH+* (J!&$%A 1921 .) &
+," #$&!;;$A# +!$! F "?", "R= H+"& (+!!E%$&-
!@!, $!@!&!-E!'#?!&!@!, #"?A#A+!@!#E!#A+!@!, +!'*?A-
!@!)
64
.
#!H?&! #*$$I&" D'" * E&!&!'* #$!&M" H+"& &"H*-
?# & %D*?A$$" +%$!, %!' 1930—1932 ., + '?
'%$" E%%$&!$ H+ & !@ «+!$!?; *H?%'» D &+!-
' E"EI'#$&' %J&= E?!&= D&A. +, D#!-
&" %%J&"F !'" &?#!#$", H*?! ?"+&"!&! H! E%%$-
&!%!. +? ##$%' %J&= H+"&, + &+?;<?
%JH+ $ #E%CH+. #" &! H*? !!<#! !@-
' %J&!@! *E&?" $ @!#E!#A+' !@"DC"' —
;<' !#!H', +" DF'?# @!#E!#A+!; "?A"#$;.
[+M! ! +%$!, %!' %JH+ "F#! &""@&&
!?A @!?!&!@! H+* %J&, $! E"#? %!' C !?A E!<?
E!#$*E!&! D'%R*&$#. +&"$" 1959 . H+ !&@!#$!+!&=
&+?%A H*? ?"+&"!&", ,=" *+C", E%%" K!'H+*
, E%%F'%!&!'* * T@?A!#!;DF H+ "#*&
+E"$?A= &+?%A (*H+ ). T 1961 !+* &" #$& H%D-
E!#%%A! E"E!+!&*&$# " ""#$"& , % ""#-
$%#$&* "#"& (L) , + C% H*?! "R%. T CA!@! '!'%-
$* E&!&% E!?!J% %JH+* $ *H+* #$?!
63
?@ $. #. +!&#+!% E&!. <%H!% E+$<%#+!% E!#!H%. — .: D-&!
, 1994. — . 27.
64
=' &. %. +D EC. — . 23.
. .
52
E+$<! !+!&'. !D'%J*& DD<%= H+"& '!@?!
D"F#;&$# &+?;<! D *=*&' ,=A!, #E%C"?"DC",. K!-
<$!+ !&!, H+"&#A+!, %!' H*?! D+?%! E!#$!&!;
K $ ""#$"& &" 17 ?E 1987 . - 821, +!?
HD" $A!= %J&= H+"& (%JH+* , T!&"R$!@-
H+* $ *H+* ) H*?! #$&!%! 6 H+"&: %J-
H+ , K!'H*H+ , T!&"R%+!!'H+ , @!-
E!'H+ , Y$?!#!CH+ $ MH+ . #"
%J&" H+ E"E!+!&*&?#A H%DE!#%%A! " ""#$-
"& . K&!&% E!?!J% DD<%= #E%CH+"& % &""D-
?!# &" E&!&!@! E!?!J% H+"& ! C"I, %!': &! H*?
!!<#! !@' %J&!@! *E&?" $ ;<' !#!-
H', +" DF'?# @!#E!#A+!; "?A"#$;.
K!#$!& K $ ""#$"& &" 17 ?E
1987 . - 821 '"#$$A !'*?;&, +% E"+%#?;I $!F +$,
M! H+ H*? !@' *E&?": «… %#E*H?"+#A+" H+
+!#$*;$A# E&' '""#$%#$& #!;D= %#E*H?"+». '%J=
'""#$$&!-+!$!?A= E!&!&J%A H+ D"F#;&?
&%?+* +"?A+"#$A E%%&"!+, * $!'* <#?" +!$!?A D &+!#$-
' !* !E?$ EC" $ "#*&' +E"$?A= &+?%A.
[+ ;<" !#!H, M! DF';$A# @!#E!#A+!; "?A"#$;,
#E%CH+ D"F#;&? "D" H+"&#A+" !E%C",. E!<$+* &#
+?"I$* H*? "'E%$&! !DE!"?% '"J C' H+', E!-
$"' &"E!&"! ! E!#$!& ""#$"& &" 31 $&
1989 . - 280 H*?! E!@!?!R%! E&! +?"I$ &H" H+*
? #&!@! +%$!-!D=*+!&!@! !H#?*@!&*&. T E!<$+!'
*@!@! %$E* H+"&#A+!, %!' E&!&% E!?!J% +!'%-
C"F= H+"&, &+?;<;< %J&" #E%CH+, E!#$*E!&! E!<-
I H*&$ #, E$'= H+' +, D +!&!; %+!!-
'"+!;
65
.
+
* $
$!&?% H+"&#A+!, ##$%' +, !DE!<?!# D '!-
'%$* EF$$ %+?C", E! %J&F #*&%%"$%$ +,
$ T+!* +,#A+!, «K! %+!!'"<* #'!#$"F"#$A +-
,#A+!, ». +, * #$$$" 6 T+!* +, «K! %+!!'"<*
#'!#$"F"#$A +,#A+!, » D+"E?%!: «+,#A+
65
?@ $. #. +D EC. — . 28.
53
#&!,F $%$!", #'!#$"F! !@"D*I H+"&#A+* #E&* " @!R!-
&F !H"@. +"&#A+ ##$%' %#E*H?"+ #+?I$A# D C"!-
?A!@! H+* +,, T!&"RA!%+!!'"<!@! H+*, %#E*H?"-
+#A+= +C"!%!-+!'%C"F= H+"&, "R= +%$=
*#$!& "D= !' &?#!#$". !JF & H+"&#A+= *#$!&
I %+!!'"<! #'!#$"F' " +%*I$A# * #&!,F "?A!#$" <'
D+!!&#$&!'. C"!?AF H+ +, I &M!; +%$!;
$ %'"#"F!; *#$!&!; +,#A+!, , E"D&"$F %=!&"F
" +,#A+!, " E!&!$A & %#E*H?"C" I* %J&*
@!R!&!-+%$* $ &?;$* E!?"$+*, +!!*I "?A"#$A
H+"&#A+!, ##$%' * C"?!'*, !@"D*I '"JH+"&#A+" !D=*-
+, &+!*I *+C", %D%&!@! H+*. %$' %#*#'
%#E*H?"+ I &?#" +!R$ H+"&, D?R+ +!R$"& H+"&#A+=
=*+= E"EI'#$&, *#$!&, !@"DC"F, !D$R!&= $%-
$!", %#E*H?"+, " @!', +!R$ & '"JH+"&#A+= !D=*-
+=, @!R!&" D!MJ% #%?%, "R" @!R!&" %#*#. T
*'!& DE!&J% &?#!, @!R!&!, !C" C"!?AF
H+ +, ? ,, &?;$!@! DH%DE%<% $ E!&!, D!&"RA!,
+!&%$!&!#$" @!'J*I &?;$" DE#. +,#A+"F
#$&!;I$A# !+ +C"F, !H?"@C"F $ "R= C"= EE%"&. K!-
!+ #$&!% " "?A!#$" $%$!", %#E*H?"+ +C"!%=
H+"& $ "R= +%$= *#$!&, * $!'* <#?" D *<#$; "!D%-
'!@! +E"$?*, &D<I$A# D+!!&#$&!' +,#A+!, .»
K"#? EF$$ DD<%= "#$!<= !+*'%$"& %=!&-
!; !; 20 H%%D 1991 . H*?! EF$! T+!
«K! H+ " H+"&#A+* "?A"#$A», E"#$&" +!@! E!<?!#
!'*& H+"&#A+!, ##$%' %D?%J!, +,. T+!!'
D+"E?;&?# +?#< &!"&%& H+"&#A+ ##$%', +
#+??# D C"!?A!@! H+* +, $ +!'%C"F= H-
+"&, * $!'* <#?" T!&"RA!%+!!'"<!@! H+* +,#A+!, ,
M!@! H+* +,#A+!, , %#E*H?"+#A+= $ "R=
+!'%C"F= H+"& "D= !' &?#!#$".
T+!!' E%%H<?!#, M! C"!?AF H+ I C%$?A'
H+!' %#E*H?"+, ,, %'"#"F' C%$!', &" E!&!$A I*
%J&* E!?"$+* & @?*D" @!R!&!@! !H"@*, +%$*, D'"C%
@!R!&!, !C", !@"D*I '"JH+"&#A+" !D=*+, +!!-
*I "?A"#$A H+"&#A+!, ##$%' & C"?!'*, &D<I +*# @!-
R!&!, !C" &"!#! &?;$ "R= +,. !'* $+!J ?%J-
?! '!!E!?A% E&! &E*#+ @!R%F & !H"@, $+!J &E*#+
C"!?A= @!R!&= D+"& D "R%' %=!&!, +-
,#A+!, .
. .
54
T@"! "D T+!!' +!'%C"F" H+ "D= &"& " !' &?#-
!#$" #$&!;&?# +C"!%= H! EF!&= D#=. T+!-
" $+!J H*?! D+"E?%! ! "D !#!&= ECE"& H+"&#A+!,
"?A!#$" — E&! +?"I$ &H" H+*.
T@"! "D DD<%' T+!!' C"!?AF H+ '& E&!
&&$ !'$&!-E&!&" +$ D E$A, M! &=!? ! F!@!
E!&!&J%A, !H!&’D+!&" ? &#"= H+"&. C"!?AF H+ *
E%R" J !+ %D?%J!, +, +$&! #+!#$&# DD<%-
' E!&!&J%'. ?"$+* 1991 ., &+!*;< #&!, *+C",,
C"!?AF H+ && C"?* D+* "#$*+C"F, +" DE!&J*-
&? F!@! &%=!&%#$&! +!'%C"F' H+'. J% & #%E"
$!@! J !+* H*?! &#$!&?%! '""'?AF !D'" #$$*$= !-
"& ? +!'%C"F= H+"&, &#**$! &'!@* &#"' H+', D%-
I#$!&' +!?R"' %JH+!' , E%%%I#$*&$# * &
C"!?A!'* H+* +,
66
.
K!#$!&!; K&?" C"!?A!@! H+* &" 26 <%&
1992 . H*?! D$&%J%! K!!+ ?"C%D"F C"!?A-
!@! H+* +, E&! D"F#% !E%C"F D &?;$'
C"!#$'. L+$<! &?;$F !+ H*?! DE!<$+!&! &
#%E" 1992 . E"#? #$&!% ?;$!, H"J" C"!?A!@! H-
+*, +* D@!!', * ?E" 1993 . H*?! %!'!&! * +,#A+*
'"JH+"&#A+* &?;$* H"J*. 19 ?;$!@! 1993 . H"%$!' "-
"#$"& +, H*?! EF$! %+%$ «K! ##$%'* &?;$!@!
%@*?;& $ &?;$!@! +!$!?;». +DF !+*'%$ D+"-
E& !#!& !'*& $ *+C"!*& &?;$!@! +*
+,. ?#$!E" & H%D@!$"&+!&F !H"@ H*?! DE!&J%!
*+,#A+F +H!&%CA " +, !"C"F! &FR? D @*E +-
,, +" &+!#$!&*&? *H?A + D+!F E?$"JF D#"H. &%-
%#" 1993 . +, #$? *@!;, E"#? !#",, +,!; , +
EI?# ! '"J!!, %?%+$!!, ##$%' H+"&#A+=
E?$%J"& L (S.W.F.T.). T #"< 1994 . C"!?A' H+!'
&"E!&"! ! E!+?%= A!@! *+C"F !@"D$! '"JH-
+"&#A+= !D=*+"& DE!&J% C"!?A E?$"J ##$%-
' D &+!#$' E!@%#&= %?%+$!= $%=!?!@"F * H-
+"&#A+"F #E&", ! +!, D?*<% &# H+"&#A+ ##$%' +,.
E!&J% ,, & "; &""@?! &J?&* !?A * !D&$+* H+"&-
#A+!, ##$%' +,. ! #E<? *'%$?A" D*-
R% * H+"&#A+"F $%=!?!@",, E"%#? !&F +"#F "&%A
#$$ !H!H+ "!'C", * H+"&#A+"F #%". T&+ C"F #-
66
". $!&?% H+"&#A+!, ##$%' +, (1991—1994 .) // +"&#A-
+ #E&. — 1996. — - 3. — . 34—46.
55
#$%'" #$? %'!J?&!; %#+C"!!& %'"#" (&+% %-
H%$!&= D?R+"& +!%#E!%$#A+= =*+=). E!&J%-
##$%' %?%+$!= E?$%J"& (K) ?! D'!@* &"'!&$#A
&" &+!#$ EE%!&= E?$"J= !+*'%$"&, M! E!+??!
+F &+!#$; ?AR&= &"D!, $+!J D<! E"&M$
R&+"#$A, +"#$A "F"#$A &+! E?$%J"& * %J&". T
!E!'!@!; E!@'!-$%="<= D#!H"& DH%DE%<%! "F* D-
=M%"#$A E?$%J"& &" D!&"RA!@! &$*<
67
.
+' <!', * E%R" !+ %D?%J!#$" +, H*?! D+?%-
! !#!& H+"&#A+!, ##$%'. K!$%, + #E&%?&! &"'"<I
. . !$;+, CA!'* %$E" #E!#$%"@I$A# $+!J $%, M! &"#*$-
"#$A E&!#$*EC$& & !D=*+!&!-+%$= &"!#= !-
& #$&!%= H+"&, !@"DC" ,= "?A!#$" D!&#"' "R"F !#!-
&", %!D&%% H+"&#A+% D+!!&#$&! '? F %@$&"
#?"+, +" +!E<*&?#A, " &J% & #%%" 1993-@! — E!<$-
+* 1994 . E!<? E!&?$# %@$&" $%%C",. "?AR"#$A +!-
'%C"F= H+"& H*? % & D'!D" +"#! &+!*&$ #&!, *+C",: %
H*?! +!&!@! DH%DE%<%, E!C%# #$&!% H+"& #*E!&!J*-
&&# &#!+' $%'E' "?C",. ! & C= H+"& '!J &"%#-
$ F %&E&! '"C* E&’D+* H+"&#A+!@! +E"$?* ! E!-
'#?!&!@!. % &&??!#A * $!'*, M! 4/5 ,= #$$*$= !"&
!'*&?#A D =*!+ %JE"EI'#$&, C% !H*'!&?;&?! %-
D?%J"#$A H+"& &" ,= D#!&+"&, &$$* DC"+&?%!#$" & !H!$"
D %D?%J' +?"I$'. "' $!@!, %+%$!' H"%$* ""#$"&
+, «K! &E!+*& "?A!#$" #*H’I+$"& E"EI'CA+!,
"?A!#$", #$&!%= D *<#$; %J&= E"EI'#$&» &" 31
@* 1992 . 24-92 *#$!&?%!, M! %J&" E"EI'#$& %
'!J*$A H*$ D#!&+' H*A-+= #*H’I+$"& E"EI'CA+!, "-
?A!#$". K&!#$*E+' %J&= E"EI'#$& #$!#!&!
#*H’I+$"& E"EI'CA+!, "?A!#$", #$&!%= D ,= *<#$;, &-
D<%! !@, *E!&!&J%" *E&?$ %J&' 'F!'. %
E!$@?! D #!H!; D'" * #+?" D#!&+"& H+"&
68
.
=!&*;< &M%&+?%" E!H?%' * H+"&#A+!'* #%+$!",
* #$*E" !+, #'% * E%"! 1994—1995 ., C"!?A'
H+!' +, E!&!?!# J!#$+% %@*?;& H+"&#A+!,
"?A!#$". T!+%', * C%F E%"! H*? EF$" $+" !'$&!-
E&!&" +$, +: K!?!J% E! %+!!'"<" !'$& "?A!#-
$" +!'%C"F= H+"&, D$&%J%% E!#$!&!; K&?"
&" 30 <%& 1995 . - 167, K!?!J% C"!?A!@! H+*
67
=' . $. C"!?AF H+ — C%$ H+"&#A+!, ##$%' +,. @"-
DC"F!-E&!&F ?"D. — .: &<F "' « N%». — . 15.
68
=' . $.. — . 17.
. .
56
+, «K! +%$*&», D$&%J%% E!#$!&!; K&?"-
&" 28 &%%# 1995 . - 246, K!!+ &%% +#!&=
!E%C"F * !!'* @!#E!#$&" +,, D$&%J%F E!#-
$!&!; K&?" &" 2 ?;$!@! 1995 . - 21, $ ". "'
$!@!, H*? &%#%" D'" " ! D+!!&<= +$"& * #%" H+"&-
#A+!, "?A!#$". $!F J% <# H@$! E$A D?R?# %&"-
R%' " E!$%H*&? &M!@! "& !'$&!-E&!&!@! %@*-
?;& — R?=!' EF$$ #E%C"?A= D+!"&.
*$$I&" D'" * H+"&#A+!'* #%+$!" &"H*?# D EF$$'
28 <%& 1996 . !#$$*C", +,, + D+"E? !#!& H-
+"&#A+!, ##$%' +,. +, !#$$*C"I; &D<%! !#!&"
%?%'%$ E&!&!@! #$$*#* , $+!J F!@! +%"&!@! !@*
— C"!?A!@! H+*. T@"! D !#$$*C"I; !#!&
@!R!&!-+%$!, ##$%' &D<;$A# &+?;<! D+!'.
%%D %+"?A+ !+"& E"#? EF$$ !#$$*C", +, H*?
EF$" T+! +, «K! C"!?AF H+ +,» &" 20
$& 1999 . - 679-XIV, !& %+C" T+!* +, «K!
H+ " H+"&#A+* "?A"#$A». 23 #"< 2003 . H*?! EF$!
!&F &"?AF +!%+# +, $ !#E!#A+F +!%+# +-
,. D&’D+* D EF$$' DD<%= +$"& C"!?AF H+
+, $+!J EF& D'" ! #&!,= !'$&!-E&!&= +-
$"& $ !D!H& !&" +$, #E'!&" %?"DC"; D'" * D+!-
!&#$&" +,. $!F J% <# #*<#% H+"&#A+% D+!!&#$-
&! +, % I !#+!?', M! D&%$I$A# *&@ * H@$A!=
E!@'= !+*'%$= &M= !@"& %J&!, &? +,.
E!C%#" *!#+!?% H+"&#A+!@! D+!!&#$& %!H="!
&=!&*&$, M! H+"&#A+ ##$%' %!D&! E!&’D D %+!-
!'"<!; ##$%'!; %J& & C"?!'*. D&’D+* D C' & *'!&=
E!H*!& & +," %+!!'"+, D#!&!, +!&= D#=,
H+"&#A+!'* #%+$!* &"&%% D&<F! &J?& !?A (D!+-
%', +%$*& @?*D%F !!@! @!#E!#$& $ #%?%-
). "' $!@!, &=!&*;< E!#$"FF !D&$!+ *+!&!-
$%="<!@! E!@%#*, &+;$A !&" H+"&#A+" $%=!?!@",, +"
&'@;$A %+&$!@! %@*?;&. +!#$" E+?* '!J
&%#$ $+F "#$*'%$, + H+"&#A+" E?$"J" +$+, &+!-
#$ %?%+$!!@! C!&!@! E"E#* $ H@$! ". +' <-
!', E$ E&!&!@! %@*?;& H+"&#A+!, ##$%' "+!?
% &$$$A #&!I, +$*?A!#$".
57
§ 3.
$
"E!&"! ! #$$$" 4 T+!* +, «K! H+ "
H+"&#A+* "?A"#$A» H+"&#A+ ##$%' +, #+?I$A# D
C"!?A!@! H+* +, $ "R= H+"&, +" #$&!%" " "-
;$A $%$!", +, &"E!&"! ! E!?!J%A T+!* +,
«K! H+ " H+"&#A+* "?A"#$A».
+' <!', H+"&#A+ ##$%' +, I &!"&%&!;. [+
' &J% D’#*&?, $+ ##$%' E%%H<I &"#$A '-
" # ! $ '%( .
T&%$I'! *&@* $%, M! D+!!&%CA ? E!D<% *-
@!@! "& H+"&#A+!, ##$%' +, &+!#$& *J% D@?A-
F $%'" — «8 ». !H$!, *@!'* "&" D=!$A#
&#" H+, +"' C"!?A!@! H+* +,. & CA!'* +!$%+#$"
&+I C"+&% DE$: < I $%'" «"R" H+» #!"'!'
$%'"* «+!'%C"F" H+»? J?A, <"$+ +?#"+C" "R=
H+"& * T+!" +, «K! H+ " H+"&#A+* "?A"#$A» &"-
#*$. #$$$" 4 T+!*, + +D " 'I '%$" &D<$ #+?
H+"&#A+!, ##$%' +,, '"#$$A# +?#"+C" H+"& ?R%
D !' +$%"I' — D ,= #E%C"?"DC"I;. +, DD<%!, M!
H+ & +," '!J*$A *+C"!*&$ + *"&%#?A" H! #E%-
C"?"D!&". T #E%C"?"DC"I; H+ '!J*$A H*$ !M', "-
&%#$C"F', "E!$%<', !D=*+!&' (+?"@!&'). -
D<% E'"& "?A!#$" $ #E%C"?"DC", I E&!' H+*.
C"!?AF H+ +, D"F#;I %@*?;& "?A!#$"
#E%C"?"D!&= H+"& <%%D %+!!'"<" !'$& $ !'$&-
!-E&!&% DH%DE%<% D"F#;&= C' H+' !E%C"F.
+ H*&I #$$*#* #E%C"?"D!&!@! H+* * D", +M! E!
50 &"#!$+"& F!@! +$&"& I +$&' !!@! $E*. + H*&I
#$$*#* #E%C"?"D!&!@! !M!@! H+* * D", +M! E! 50
&"#!$+"& F!@! E#&"& I &+?' "D<= !#"H.
K!$% * T+!" «K! H+ " H+"&#A+* "?A"#$A» '"#$$A#
E!?!J%, +" ;$A ' E"#$& D!H$ &#!&!+ E! &-
"#$A * H+"&#A+"F ##$%'" +, $+!J " "R= &"& H+"&,
E&!&F #$$*# += 'I E%&" !#!H?&!#$". T!+%', * #$$$" 1
&+D!@! T+!* ' 'I'! &D<% $%'" «H+ D "!D%''
+E"$?!'», #$$$ 7 T+!* E#&<% !#!H?&!#$' %J&=
H+"&, * #$$$" 8 &D<%! E&!&F #$$*# +!!E%$&= H-
+"&. "' $!@!, & !+%'= #$$$= &+D!@! T+!* &J&I$A# $%-
. .
58
'" «+!'%C"FF H+» (#$. 10, 31, 47, 56). + &D<% $%-
'" «+!'%C"FF H+» * T+!" &"#*$I. E+$C" C% %"-
+! ED&!$A ! E!H?%' * D#$!#*&" !' T+!* +,
«K! H+ " H+"&#A+* "?A"#$A». T!+%', * #$$$" 57 T+!*
&+? "D<= !#"H +!'%C"F= H+"& @$*;$A# & E!+*,
E%%H<%!'* D+!!&#$&!' +,. $!+ D CA!@! E!?!-
J% D@"! D <#$!; *@!; C"I, #$$$" D!H?%! ?R% ?
%J&!@! !M!@! H+*, &+? "D<= !#"H +!@! @$*-
;$A# %J&!;. "E!&"! ! #$$$" 47 +!'%C"F" H+ #'!#-
$"F! &#$!&?;;$A E!C%$" #$&+ $ +!'"#"F* &@!!* E!
#&!,= !E%C"=. D&’D+* D C' D’#*& E$, +" H+ &"-
!#$A# ! +!'%C"F=, 'I *J% &J?&% D<%.
R* *'+*, $%'" «+!'%C"F" H+» I #!"'!' $%-
'" «"R" H+», &=!< D $+= @*'%$"&. K!-E%R%, &-
=!&*;<, M! H+"&#A+% D+!!&#$&! I D!&"RA!; !'!;
&D* %+!!'"<!@! D'"#$* $= < "R= H+"&#A+= &"!#,
D&%%'!# ! E!DC"F %+!!'"#$"& D CA!@! E&!*. T!+%',
. 'HC*'!& $ L. $%?"+!& &&J;$A, M! +!'%C"F" H+
— C% «&%?+" +%$" *#$!&, +" D"F#;;$A *"&%#?A" H-
+"&#A+" !E%C", ? E"EI'#$& &#"= @?*D%F @!?!&' <!' D
=*!+ @!R!&= +E"$?"& $ D!MJ%A, D?*<%= * &@?"
&+?"&; D"F#;;$A !D=*+!&" $ E?$"J" !E%C",, ;$A
E!D+ $ @$",, D"F#;;$A %'"#"; C"= EE%"& $ ". !-
'%C"F" H+ D !'!; &?#!#$" E!"?;$A# E&$"
("&"*?A" $ +C"!%") $ %J&"»
69
. &%%!'* &-
D<%" DD<%" ="&C" D&%$;$A *&@* !#!H?&!#$" H+*
+ "D!&* +!'%C"F!, !@"DC",. &JI'! D %!H="% -
&%#$ DE!E!!&% ' &D<% +!'%C"F!, !@"DC",,
!#+"?A+ #'% & A!'* &"!HJ% !D+, + &""DI +!'%-
C"F" !@"DC", &" %+!'%C"F=. +, E" +%$!; !@"-
DC"I; &+D" ="&C" !D*'";$A «!@"DC",, !#!&!; '%$!;
"?A!#$" += I !$' EH*$+*. ! +!'%C"F= !@"D-
C"F &"!#$A# @!#E!#A+" $!&#$&; !%", +!?%+$&",
%J&" $ "R" E"EI'#$&, D#!&" E&" E!&!@! @!#E!-
#A+!@! &" E%%' ,' 'F!' D#!&+"&, @!#E!-
#A+" !H’I &+D= ;<= !#"H»
70
. +' <!', !#!-
&!; '%$!; +!'%C"F!, !@"DC", I !$' EH*$+*.
T&%$I'! *&@*, M! DD<%F %+!!'"<F D'"#$ +!'%C"F-
!, !@"DC", D+"E?%F * !#E!#A+!'* +!%+#" +,.
69
%E %. %., B. B. 1000 $%'!& `!<!F x+!!'+. E-
&!<!% E!#!H%. — .: !-K%##, 1993. — . 104.
70
' #'!.
59
+, D DD<%' +!%+#!' !D"DI$A# @!#E!#A+ +!'%-
C"F $ @!#E!#A+ %+!'%C"F "?A"#$A. "E!&"! !
#$$$" 42 @?& 4 «!#E!#A+ +!'%C"F "?A"#$A (E"EI-
'C$&!)» CA!@! +!%+#* E"EI'C$&! — C% #'!#$"F, ""C"-
$&, ##$%'$<, &?#F D+ @!#E!#A+ "?A"#$A,
M! D"F#;I$A# #*H’I+$' @!#E!;& (E"EI'C') D
'%$!; !#@% %+!!'"<= " #!C"?A= %D*?A$$"& $ !%-
J EH*$+*. T@"! D" #$$$%; 45 !%+#* E"EI'C$&! &
+," D"F#;I$A# & H*A-+= !@"DC"F= !'=, E%%-
H<%= D+!!', &H" E"EI'C. T!+%', +!'%C"F' E"-
EI'#$&!' '!J% H*$ %J&% E"EI'#$&! (#$$$ 74 !#-
E!#A+!@! +!%+#* +,).
T&%$I'! *&@*, $% M! * T+!" «K! H+ " H+"&-
#A+* "?A"#$A» & %+C", &" 20 H%%D 1991 . H*?! <"$+! D-
+"E?%!, M! H+"&#A+ ##$%' I &!"&%&!; " #+?I$A# D
C"!?A!@! H+* +, $ +!'%C"F= H+"&, * $!'* <#-
?" T!&"RA!%+!!'"<!@! H+* +,#A+!, , M!@! H-
+* +,#A+!, , %#E*H?"+#A+= $ "R= +!'%C"F=
H+"& "D= !' &?#!#$".
=!&*;< &M%&+?%%, '!J #$&%J*&$, M! H+"&-
#A+ ##$%' +, #+?I$A# D &!= "&"&: C"!?A!@!
H+* +, $ +!'%C"F= H+"&. !'%C"F" H+ H*&;$A
"D= &"&.
T!+%', T+!!' +, «K! H+ " H+"&#A+* "?A-
"#$A» E%%H<%! #$&!% %J&= H+"&. "E!&"! !
#$$$" 7 T+!* %J&F H+ — C% H+, #$! &"#!$+"& #$$*$-
!@! +E"$?* +!@! ?%J$A %J&". T+!!' E%%H<%F
!#!H?&F E!!+ #$&!% $ *E&?" %J&' H+!'.
#$*E' "D!&!' +!'%C"F= H+"& I +!!E%$&" H-
+. !!E%$&" H+ #$&!;;$A# * E!+*, E%%H<%!'* T-
+!!' +, «K! H+ " H+"&#A+* "?A"#$A». T+!!&#$&!
E! +!!E%C"; E!R;I$A# +!!E%$&" H+ * <#$", M!
% #*E%%<$A CA!'* D+!*. T ECE!' $%$!"?A!#$" +!!E%-
$&" H+ E!"?;$A# C%$?AF $ '"#C%&".
"' $!@!, &"E!&"! ! #$$$" 70 T+!* +, «K! '"#-
C%&% #'!&*& & +,"» !@ '"#C%&!@! #'!&*&-
';$A E&! #$&!;&$ +!'*?A" H+.
+' <!', & D?%J!#$" &" +$%"; '!J &"?$ $+"
& +!'%C"F= H+"&:
1. T #E%C"?"DC"I;:
x *"&%#?A";
x #E%C"?"D!&".
. .
60
2. T !'!; &?#!#$":
x %J&";
x E&$";
x +!'*?A";
x D'"R".
3. T !@"DC"F!-E&!&!; !'!;:
x H+, #$&!%" * !'" $!&#$& D !H'%J%!; &"E!&"-
?A"#$;;
x H+, #$&!%" * !'" +C"!%!@! $!&#$&;
x +!!E%$&" H+.
4. D?%J!#$" &" *<#$" "!D%'!@! +E"$?*:
x H+ H%D *<#$" "!D%'!@! +E"$?*;
x
H+ D <#$+!&!; *<#$; "!D%'!@! +E"$?*;
x H+ D 100-&"#!$+!&!; *<#$; "!D%'!@! +E"$?*.
"' $!@!, D T+!!' +, «K! H+ " H+"&#A+* "?A-
"#$A» & H+"&#A+"F ##$%'" +, !+%'! &"?;$A# ##$%-
'!*$&!;;<" H+. "E!&"! ! #$$$" 1 &+D!@! T+!* #-
#$%'!*$&!;;<F H+ — C% H+, D!H!&’D +!@!
#$!&?$A % '%R% 10 &"#!$+"& &" D@?A= D!H!&’DA H-
+"&#A+!, ##$%'. T!+%', . K. ?;+ * #&!,F '!!@", & +!-
#$" E+?* ##$%'!*$&!;;<= H+"& E&!$A $+" &"$<D-
" H+, + «&?A», «K&$H+», «K!'"&%#$H+»,
«MH+», «+%+#"'H+», «+#!CH+», «+"HH+»
71
.
T!+%', T «K!'#?!&!-"&%#$C"FF H+» D 2000 .
'& FH"?ARF +E"$? — 725 '? @, M! #+??! $%$*
&#A!@! H+"&#A+!@! +E"$?* +,. %F H+ !H#?*@!&*I
&%?+= E!'#?!&= E"EI'#$&, "#*I %+"?A+ %J&=
E!@', * $!'* <#?" #%"F% &!HC$&! E#J#A+!@! ?"$+
-140. " 'I &?#* E!?"$<* #?* — K$"; %+!!'"<!@!
!D&$+* " «"?!&F +?*H» — "@* &%?+= H+"&. T '"J!-
' %F$@' K — IF *+,#A+F H+, +F DF'I
&#!+% '"#C% #%% E!&"= H+"& V&!E " 2000 H+"& #&"$*
72
.
T&%$I'! *&@*, M! D@"! D <' H+"&#A+' D+!!&-
#$&!' "!D%'" H+ % '!J*$A &"+&$ "?", $%$!",
+,. K!$% C% #*E%%<$A '"J!' *@!', $"+!&-
' +,!;. T!+%', @!!; E! E$%#$&! $ #E"&!H"$-
C$&! '"J +,!; " V&!E%F#A+' E"&$!&#$&' $ ,=
%J&'-<?%' ($"+!& D+!!' - 237/94- &"
10.11.94 .) E%%H<%!, M! +, D@"! "D #&!,' D+!!&#$-
71
+D EC. — . 59.
72
K!'"&%#$H+ +,. "<F D&"$. 2000 "+.