Ващенко Ю.В. Банківське право

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    

  

  

. . 

 



    

    

  

—2006

 347.734(477)(075.8)

 67.9.40273

 23

 !

""#$%#$&!' !#&"$ " *+ +,

(#$ - 14/18.2-2941&" 20.12.2005 .)



. .

 — !+$! ;<= *+, %+$! *+!&!-!#?"!@!

"#$$*$* "$%?%+$*?A!, &?#!#$";

..  — !+$! ;<= *+, !C%$ +,#A+!@! "#$$*$*

!D&$+* !!&!@! +*;

..  — !+$! ;<= *+, %+$! #$$*$* E!&"$!-

@! " +!#'"<!@! E& C"!?A!@! &"C"F!@! *"&%#$%$*.

 ..

 23 +"&#A+% E&!: &<. E!#"H+. — .: %$ &<?A-

!, ?"$%$*, 2006. — 344 #.

ISBN 966–364–217–3

 &<?A!'* E!#"H+* &$! &#&"$?;I E$ H+"&#A+!@! E& + +!'-

E?%+#!@! E&!&!@! "#$$*$*, !D+&I D'"#$ !+%'= #+?!&= E%"#$$*$"&.

!?!&* *&@* E"?%! "#!&!-E&!&' #E%+$' H+"&#A+!, "?A!#$".  D-

@?A"F <#$" !D+$! E!$$ H+"&#A+!@! E&, H+"&#A+!, "?A!#$", E&!-

&F #$$*# H+*, E%'%$, '%$!, ##$%'* H+"&#A+!@! E&, H+"&#A+!, $I'C",

H+"&#A+!@! %@*?;& $ H+"&#A+!@!

@?*, E&!&" D# "#!&!@! '!"-

$!@*.  !#!H?&"F <#$" !#?"J%! E&!&" D# D"F#% !+%'= H+"&-

#A+= !E%C"F, D!+%', +%$=, !D=*+!&=, &?;$=.

&<?AF E!#"H+ E"@!$!&?%! * &"E!&"!#$" D !#!&' $%'' #E%C+*-

#* «+"&#A+% D+!!&#$&!»,  $+!J $%'!; «K&!&% %@*?;& H+"&#A+!, "-

?A!#$"» !'$&!@! +*#* «L"#!&% E&!», M! &+?;$A#  ;<!'*

+*?A$%$"

,&#A+!@! C"!?A!@! *"&%#$%$* "'%" # %&<%+. K F!@!

E"@!$!&C" &$! #E?#  &?#F !#&", !$'F * E!C%#" <$ ?%+C"F 

;<!'* +*?A$%$" ,&#A+!@! C"!?A!@! *"&%#$%$* "'%" # %&<%-

+,  $+!J !#&" E+$<!, !H!$ * H+"&#A+!'* #%+$!" +,.  D&’D+* D

C' * E!#"H+* @'!"F! E!I" $%!%$<" $ E+$<" #E%+$

E&!&!@! %-

@*?;& H+"&#A+!, "?A!#$".

? #$*%$"&, #E"$"&, &+?<"& ;<= $ %+!!'"<= &<?A= D-

+?"&, EC"&+"& H+"&#A+!@! #%+$! $ <$<"&, +" C"+&?$A# E$' E-

&!&!@! %@*?;& H+"&#A+= &"!#.

ISBN 966–364–217–3 © %$ &<?A!, ?"$%$*, 2006

 



!" ..................................................7

 

#$%% 1.  :    ......... 9

§ 1. + + "#$$*$ "#!&!-+%$!, ##$%' ......... 9

§ 2. K!$$ $ !#!H?&!#$" H+"&#A+!, "?A!#$" ........ 14

§ 3. +"&#A+" !E%C",, H+"&#A+" *@! $ H+"&#A+" E!#-

?*@ ............................................. 15

#$%% 2.     !"#$% -

% % #.................................... 21

§ 1. K!$$ H+"&#A+!@! E& ....................... 21

§ 2. +"&#A+" E&!&"!#: E!$$, #+?, & $

!#!H?&!#$" ....................................... 26

§ 3. J%%? H+"&#A+!@! E& ....................... 33

§ 4. "#C% !'$&!-E&!&= +$"& C"!?A!@! H+*

+, * %@*?;&" H+"&#A+= &"!#............. 38

#$%% 3.    ....................... 45

§ 1. %!%$<" !#!& H+"&#A+!, ##$%' .............. 45

§ 2. #$!<" #E%+$ H+"&#A+!, ##$%' +,........ 46

§ 3. K!$$ $ #+? H+"&#A+!, ##$%' +, ........ 56

§ 4. K!$$ $ & H+"&#A+= !H’IA .............. 61

#$%% 4. &% # '" #  ....... 67

§ 1. K&!&F #$$*#  + C%$?A!@! H+* +,.

K!&"F E&!& E!  ....................... 67

§ 2. L*+C",  D <' D+!!&#$&!' ............. 69

. . 

§ 3. %"&" !@  ............................. 70

§ 4. @"DC"F!-*+C"!?A #$*+$* C"!?A!@!

H+* +, ..................................... 77

#$%% 5. &% # '%(  ................ 82

§ 1. #!H?&!#$" E&!&!@! #$$*#* +!'%C"F= H+"& &

+,"........................................... 82

§ 2. @"DC"F!-*+C"!?A #$*+$* H+* $ !#!H-

?&!#$" H+"&#A+!@! '%%J'%$*..................... 83

#$%% 6. & $ " "#)  -

" "# .......................................... 94

§ 1. E"&&"!R% H+"&#A+!@! %@*?;& $ H+"&#A-

+!@! @?* ...................................... 94

§ 2. %$! H+"&#A+!@! %@*?;&.................. 95

§ 3. K&!&" D# H+"&#A+!@! @?* ................ 99

§ 4. K!!+ #$&!% +!'%C"F= H+"&, &"+$$ "-

?"F, E%#$&C$& $ &""?%A....................... 105

§ 5.  !D&!?"& $ ?"C%D"F  D"F#% H+"&#A+=

!E%C"F......................................... 120

§ 6. K!&%% #$C"F!@! +!$!?; $ "#E%+$*&

+!'%C"F= H+"&

& +," ........................ 125

§ 7. K&!&" D# D#$!#*& #+C"F &E?&* D E!*-

R% H+"&#A+!@! D+!!&#$& .................... 126

§ 8. K!!+ %!@"DC", $ ?"+&"C", +!'%C"F= H+"& . . 129

#$%% 7. & "#)  *' ......... 144

§ 1. K!$$ H+"&#A+!, $I'C"..................... 144

§ 2. K!!+ !D+$$ H+"&#A+!, $I'C" ............ 146

§ 3. E"&&"!R% E!$A «H+"&#A+ $I'C» $ «+!-

'%C"F $I'C H+*» .......................... 149

#$%% 8. & $ +" "# ............ 152

§ 1. K!$$ $ ##$%' "#!&!@! '!"$!@* ........ 152

§ 2. L"#!&" !E%C",, +" E"?@;$A !H!&’D+!&!'* "-

#!&!'* '!"$!@*............................. 155

§ 3. K& $ !H!&’D+ H+"& + #*H’I+$"& E%&!@! '!-

"$!@*........................................ 159

§ 4. "E!&"?A"#$A D E!*R% &'!@ T+!* +,

«K! DE!H"@ $ E!$"; ?%@?"DC", (&"'&;) !-

=!"&, !%J= D?!<' R?=!'» ................. 172

 

 

#$%% 9. & "#) $"( $(# ..... 176

§ 1. K!$$ H%D@!$"&+!&= !D=*+"&. E"&&"!R%

E!$A «!D=*+», «H%D@!$"&+!&" !D=*+» $ «!D-

=*+!&" E&!&"!#» ........................... 176

§ 2. L!' $ #E!#!H H%D@!$"&+!&= !D=*+"& ........ 181

§ 3.  H+"&#A+= =*+"&. K!!+ ,= &"+$$ ..... 192

§ 4. K!!+ D"F#% H%D@!$"&+!&= !D=*+"& * C"!-

?A"F &?;$".................................... 196

#$%% 10. & "#) "( $(#....... 203

§ 1. K&!&% %@*?;& +#!&= !E%C"F & *#$!&= H-

+"& ............................................ 203

§ 2. K&? &%% +#!&= !E%C"F +?"I$"& H+"&. "-

'"$ +#!&!, @!$"&+................................. 209

§ 3. L"#!& &"E!&"?A"#$A D E&!E!*R% & #%"

@!$"&+!&= !D=*+"& ............................. 218

#$%% 11. & $ !( $(# ........ 225

§ 1. K!$$ $ & E?$"J= ##$%'................. 225

§ 2. KCE *+C"!*& ##$%'! &J?&= E?$"J-

= ##$%'....................................... 229

§ 3. K!$$ $ E!!+ &"+$$ +!%#E!%$#A+= =*-

+"& +!'%C"F' H+' & "R= H+=............. 231

§ 4. K!!+ D"F#% +!$!?; D +!%#E!%$#A+'

=*+' +!'%C"F= H+"& ....................... 237

§ 5. @"DC" '"JH+"&#A+= !D=*+"& & +," .... 239

#$%% 12. & "#) (  .... 243

§ 1. K!$$ $ !#!H?&!#$" E&!&!@! %@*?;& H+"&-

#A+= +%$= &"!#........................... 243

§ 2. %$*& +!'%C"F= H+"& C"!?A' H-

+!' +,...................................... 248

§ 3. E!$%<% +%$*& & +," .................. 254

§ 4. %$*& '!?!"J= J$?!&= E!@'........ 259

#$%% 13. & "#) $( (() '% . 270

§ 1. K!$$ %E!D$= (&+?=) !E%C"F D D+!!&-

#$&!' +, .................................... 270

§ 2.  %E!D$= (&+?=) !E%C"F .............. 273

. . 

§ 3. K!!+ D"F#% H+' %E!D$= (&+?=)

!E%C"F......................................... 274

§ 4. #$%' @$*& &+?"& & +," ............ 278

§ 5. %E!D$" !E%C", C"!?A!@! H+* +, D +!-

'%C"F' H+' ............................... 286

#$%% 14. & $ $% )( '%....... 290

§ 1. K&!&" D# &?;$!@! %@*?;& $ &?;$!@!

+!$!?; & +," ................................ 290

§ 2. ?;$" C"!#$" $ &?;$" !E%C",............... 297

§ 3. K&!&F #$$*# %D%$"& $ %%D%$"& & +," . 298

§ 4. "C%D*& C"!?A' H+!' +, *<#+"&

&?;$= &"!# ................................ 300

§ 5. #!H?&!#$" !D=*+"& & "!D%'"F &?;$" ......... 304

§ 6. "E!&"?A"#$A D E!*R% &?;$!@! D+!!&-

#$& ............................................ 308

#$%% 15.   #5 (  ...... 315

§ 1. K&!&F #$$*# H+"& + !#"H, +" #E;$A &+!-

; E?$+' E!$+"& ,= E!$+!&= !H!&’D+"& ........ 315

§ 2. + + E?$+ E!$+"&, DH!"& (!H!&’D+!&= E?-

$%J"&)........................................... 320

 -K  ..................... 332

  ............................ 338

 KU (U)  ................. 342

 



+"&#A+F #%+$! I +!&!!#!; #*!; %+!!-

'"+ H*A-+!, %J&. '% <%%D H+"&#A+" *#$!-

& E!=!$A E%%&JF !H#@ "#!&= %#*#"&.

T #$!' H+"&#A+!@! #%+$! #*$A E! #$ %+!!-

'"+ %J& & C"?!'*.

 *'!&= E!H*!& & +," %D?%J!,, %'!+-

$<!,, E&!&!, %J& D %+!!'"+!;, D#!&!; 

+!&= D#=, D&<F!

&J?&* !?A &""@-

;$A #'% H+"&#A+" *#$!&. " ,= #$H"?A!@! $

%%+$&!@! *+C"!*& D?%J$A %%+$&"#$A

+!&= %!' * R"F %J&".  D&’D+* D C'

D&<F! &J?&!  D+!!&<!'* "&" D+"E-

$ !#!&" ECE $ E!!+ D"F#% H+"&#A-

+!, "?A!#$".

 !&= %+!!'"<= *'!&= =+$% %J&!@!

%@*?;& H+"&#A+!, "?A!#$" H%D*'!&! D'";-

I$A#.  E!#$*E!&! &"=!'! &" '""#$$&!-

+!'= &J%?"& *E&?" %+!!'"+!;, &<'!#

D#$!#!&*&$ +!&" "#$*'%$. + * E%%="-

F E%"! D&<F! &J?&! !D!H$ %%+$&-

F " "I&F '%="D' %J&!@! %@*?;& $ +!-

$!?; * DD<%!'* #%+$!" %+!!'"+.  * CA!'*

+!$%+#$" D<!, &@ H*&;$A E$ H+"&#A+!-

@! %@*?;& $ H+"&#A+!@! @?*

+ *+C"F

C"!?A!@! H+* +,.

*+!&!-$%="<F E!@%# !H*'!&?;I #$"'+F

!D&$!+ $%="<= '!J?&!#$%F H+"&#A+!, ##$%'.

 %D*?A$$" CA!@! D’&?;$A# !&" H+"&#A+" !E%-

C",, +" &'@;$A %+&$!@! E&!&!@! %@*?;&.

+,!; E!@!?!R%! +*#  I&!E%F#A+* "$%@-

C";. "I; D *'!& &#$*E* +, ! V&!E%F#A+!-

@! #E"&$!&#$& I !#@% EH?D!, &"E!&"!#$"

. . 

D+!!&#$& +, D+!!&#$&* V. "E!&"! ! T+!*

+, «K! T@?A!%J&* E!@'* E$C", D+!!&-

#$& +, ! D+!!&#$& V&!E%F#A+!@! !;D*» &" 18 H%-

%D 2004 . - 1629-V !"I; D E"!$%$= #% D+!!&-

#$& +, I H+"&#A+% E&!.  D&’D+* D C' M% !' D

F&J?&"R= E'+"& *!#+!?% H+"&#A+!@! D+!!-

&#$& +, I F!@! E$C" ! D+!!&#$& V&!E%F#A+!-

@! !;D*.

=!&*;< &M%&+?%%, E$ H+"&#A+!@! E& I

D&<F! +$*?A' $ D#?*@!&*;$A  *&@* ="&C"&. -

'% C' E!#;I$A# D< +"?A+"#$A *+!&= !#?"J%A D E-

$A H+"&#A+!@! E&, E*H?"+C", E+$+*;<= ;#$"& *

#%" H+"&#A+!, "?A!#$". K&!&% %@*?;& !+%'= H-

+"&#A+= !E%C"F, & E%R* <%@* +%$*&, H%D@!$"&+!&=

!D=*+"&, E$ E&!&!@! #$$*#* C"!?A!@! H+*

+, $ "R= H+"&#A+= *#$!& +!J!@! !+* C"+&?$A

&#% H"?AR% #$*%$"&, +" !H;$A !#?"J% DD<%= E-

$A & '%J= E?!'= $ '@"#$%#A+= !H"$.

 #A!@!" * &"$<D"F E&!&"F *C" #E"' I E$

E! "#*& !+%'!, @?*D" H+"&#A+!@! E&.  *'+* !=

="&C"&, H+"&#A+% E&! 'I E&!  "#*& * +!$%+#$" $+

D&!, &$!!, #$*+$* E& + +!'E?%+# @?*DA E&.

R" @!&!$A E! "#*& +!'E?%+#!@! E&!&!@! "#$$*$*.

&"?A!-E&!&" $ @!#E!#A+!-E&!&" #E%+$ H+"&#A+!,

"?A!#$" &&<;$A# & '%J= +*#"& &"E!&"! C&"?A!@! $

@!#E!#A+!@! E&. +? "#!&!-E&!&= #E%+$"&

H+"&#A+!, "?A!#$" E%%H<%! E!@'!; +*#* "#!&!-

@! E&.  %+= &M= &<?A= D+?= &+?I$A#

!+%'F #E%C+*#, +F 'I D&* «+"&#A+% E&!» H! «-

+"&#A+% D+!!&#$&!», +F & D?%J!#$" &" +% D!#%%-

J%F @!?!&' <!' H!  C&"?A!-E&!&=, H!  "-

#!&!-E&!&= #E%+$=. +, %D&J;<  %!!D<"#$A

E!DC"F M!! &D<% '"#C E&!&= !', +" %@?'%$*-

;$A &"!# & #%" H+"&#A+!, "?A!#$", & ##$%'" E&

+,, &#" ="&C" !!#$F" * $!'*, M! E$ E&!&!@!

%@*?;& H+"&#A+!, "?A!#$" I D&<F! &J?&' "

+$*?A' F E!$%H*;$A #%F!D!@! &&<%.

 

 

 1

 :

  

§ 1.   !" #$%$-&'!$( !)!

§ 2. $  $$*+!%$ *%,$( '+,$

§ 3. %, $/&(, *%, "4$'!  *%,

/$+"4!

§ 1.   

- 

K!$$ «H+» I !' "D @!?!&= E!$A H+"&#A-

+!@! E&.

?!&! «H+» E!=!$A &" #?!& «banka» — #$"?,  +!'* *

%%A!&"<<" @%*%DA+" '"? !D+?? #&!, '!%$ * '"R+=

$ E!#*=. «Bancherii» — $+ D&?#A * XII #$!?"$$" '"? *

%*,. " #?!& «banka» E!=!$A $+!J E!$$ «H+*$». !-

? '"? D?!&J&& H*A-<I; !&"!;, !DH&? #$"?, D +'

&" #"&, $!H$! &D<? — «banko rotto»

. + ?R% & UU

#$., D !D&$+!' +E"$?"D'*, H+ " H"J * #*<#!'* !D*'""

H*? #E&JA!@! !D&$+*. ! "F#! #$? "#$$*$',

%!H="' ? &!HC$& &$!#$" $ !H"@*, ? +!E<%

+E"$?*,  $+!J ? F!@! !DE!"?* '"J #%+$!' %+!!'"+ $

E"EI'#$&'. '% D !E!'!@!; H+"& D!MJ% E!<?

E%%$&!;&$# * +E"$?

+"&#A+% E&! +,: &<. E!#"H+. !?. &$.: Y*+!& .., !% .N.,

!$;+ .., K#"<+ .., %?"&!& .. $ ". / T D@. %.. .. %?"&!&. — .:

&<F "' « N%», 2000. — .47.

&' &.". +"&#A+ ##$%' +,. K&!&" D# !@"DC",. — .: N"-

+!' $%, 2003. — . 6.

. . 

A!@!" H+ I !' D !#!&= "#$$*$"& +%$!-

"#!&!, ##$%' H*A-+!, %J&.  & CA!'* +!$%+#$"

E!#$I *J% &J?&% E$: +" J #*$$I&" !D+ H+"&,

* <!'* E!?@I ,= &"'""#$A &" "R= "#!&!-+%$=

*#$!&?

"!'F &"$<DF ="&%CA * @?*D" H+"&#A+!@! E&

.K. ?;+ * #&!,F '!!@", E!&!$A C"+&F ?"D "#*;-

<= E"=!"& ! &D<% $%'" «H+» !'!-@%'#A+!;

(+!$%$?A!;) $ @?!#+#!#A+!; ##$%'' E&

. !

D&%$I *&@*  $%, M! C"!?A" D+!!&#$& +,, M! &"-

!#$A# ! +!$%$?A!, ##$%' E&, E"$'*;$A D@?A-

F E"=" * &D<%" H+"&#A+!, *#$!& <%%D #*+*E"#$A

D"F#;&= %; *+C"F. [+ E&?!, E" H+!' !D*'";$A

+%$* !@"DC";, + 'I &+?;<% E&! D"F#;&$ & #*-

+*E!#$" $+" H+"&#A+" !E%C",: D?*<% * &+? @!R!&=

+!R$"&; !D'"M% DD<%= +!R$"& &" #&!@! "'%", D #&"F -

=*!+ "  &?#F D+,  *'!&= D&!!$!#$", E?$!#$", #$!-

+!&!#$"; &"+$$ $ !H#?*@!&*& H+"&#A+= =*+"& F

D"F#% !D=*+"&

.  &"'"* &" +!$%$?A!, E&!-

&!, ##$%', @?!#+#!#A+" +, &""FR? &" $C"F!@!

E"=!* * &D<%" +%$!, *#$!&. +, .. R%&#A-

+F, !#?"J*;< H+"&#A+% E&! @?",, DD<I, M! & @?"F-

#A+!'* E&" !#!&F +C%$ H*& D'"M%F D E!$$ «H+» 

%@*?;& &?#% H+"&#A+!, "?A!#$", $!H$! E&? (*'!&

!@!&!"& $!M!), +" D#$!#!&*&?# & H+"&#A+"F E+$C"

=!&*;<, M! &"E!&"! ! T+!* +, «K! T@?A-

!%J&* E!@'* E$C", D+!!&#$& +, ! D+!-

!&#$& V&!E%F#A+!@! !;D*» H+"&#A+% E&! &D<%! &

+!#$" !"I, D E"!$%$= #% E$C", D+!!&#$& +,-

, E!?"D*I'!, +' <!' C% E$ &"R*I$A# * D+!!-

&#$&" V&!E%F#A+!@! !;D*.

T&%$I'! *&@*  $%, M! !#!&" E&!&" D# H+"&#A+!,

"?A!#$" D+?%" * %+$&" 2000/12/V V&!E%F#A+!@! K-

?'%$* $  V &" 20 H%%D 2000 . M!! #$&!% $ "-

?A!#$" +%$= *#$!&, D #$*E' D'"' $ !E!&%-

'

.  &+D!'* !+*'%$" V&!E%F#A+!@! !;D* &J&;$A#

$+" E!$$, + «+%$ *#$!&» $ «"#!& *#$!&».

K" +%$!; *#$!&!; !D*'"I$A#:

' #'!.

( %.%. +!&#+!% E&! @?. — .: $$*$, 2000. — . 5—9.

OJ L 126, 26.5.2000, p.1.