Snoman R. Dance Music Manual: Tools, Toys, and Techniques
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Index
514
Maas, Timo , 449–50 , 455
Mac only interfaces , 197
Macdonald, Ronan , 198
Madonna , 161
‘ Magic Q ’ , 376
Major scale , 201 –4
Major triad , 207 –8
Make-up gain , 36
Make-up gain (aka margin) , 419
Male extra long run (XLR) connectors , 58
Markie, Biz , 464
Marx, A. , 212
Massive Attack , 313 , 314 , 316
Master rights , see Mechanical rights
Mastering , 399
boosts and cuts ,405 –7
brickwall/soft limiting , 419
dynamics , 409 –16
harmonic balancing and EQ
,402
bass , 402 –3
high range , 404–5
mid-range , 403 –4
harmonic exciters , 416 –17
loudness maximizers , 418
make-up gain (aka margin) , 419
mastering reverb , 407 –9
noise reduction , 400–2
release , 419
stereo width , 417 –18
theory , 400
threshold , 418 –19
tips , 419 –23
Mastering reverb , 407 –9
Max Romeo And the Upsetters , 85
May, Derrick , 283
MC (Master of Ceremony) , 470
MC Shan , 470
McCrae, Gwen , 85
MC’ing , 295 , 297
Mechanical copies , 433
Mechanical Copyright Protection
Society (MCPS) , 165 , 430 , 433 ,
435 , 438
Mechanical rights , 465
Melodic leads , 336–7
Melodic minor scale , 204 , 205
Melodic timbres , 263–4
Melodies ,261 –3
and motifs , 222–4 , 245–8
Mendes, Sergio , 85
Metronome mark , see Beats per minute
(BPM)
MFSB , 85
Microphone technology , 152–4 , 305
Middle eight , 345 , 358
MIDI , 486
CC list , 497–8
and frequencies, musical note to ,
503 –5
instrument patch maps , 493–5
percussion set , 496
programming , 338 , 339
sequencer , 179 , 180–1
Midnight Funk Generation , 283
Mid-range muddiness area , 366
Minimoog , 104
Minor scales , 204 –6
‘ Minor’ triad , 208
Mix automation , 75
Mixers , 476–7
Mixing , 363
EQ , 383–91
frequency bands , 365–7
front-to-back perspective ,
368–70
hearing limitations , 364–5
horizontal perspective , 370 –3
panning , 381 –3
practical mixing , 379–81
prioritizing mix
, 393
problems in , 392–7
clarity and energy , 393
EQ , 374, 375 , 394
frequency masking , 392
prioritizing mix , 393
Q setting , 394
relative volume , 394
shelf EQ , 394
processing and effects , 392
soundstage, creating , 368
theory , 364
vertical perspective , 374–9
volume adjustments ,381
Mixing desk structure , 63–8
Mixmag , 313
MJ Cole , 273
Moby , 85 ,161
‘ Moderato’ , 215
Modes , 206
Modifi ers , 23
Index
515
Modulator , 165
Mono jack , 58
Moodyman , 85
Moog bass , 104
Moore, Mark , 145
Moose , 272 , 348
Morales, David , 80 , 84 , 449 , 455
Moroder, Giorgio , 283
Motifs , 265 , 278–9 ,310 –11
and chord progressions , 264–8
and melodies , 222–4 , 245–8
Motivation , 85
Mozart , 449
MP3 , 477–8
Multi-buss MIDI interface , 185
Multi-client soundcard drivers , 196–7
Multi-MIDI interfaces , 185
Multiple sound waves ,7
Multi-sampling , 136
Music Box , 233
Music charts and play lists (UK only) ,
447 –8
Music Power , 467
Music Publisher , 430
Music Sounds Better With you , 84
Music Theory:
basic music theory , 201
chords , 206 –12
familiarity , 212 –13
groove creation , 219 –22
major scale , 201 –4
melodies/motifs creation , 222–4
minor scales , 204 –6
musical relationship , 213 –15
progression creation , 224–8
tempo and time signatures , 215 –19
Music Week , 468
Musical analysis , 235 , 252–3 , 273–4 ,
284 –92 , 297–9
, 314 –27 , 330 –1 ,
348 –9
Musical Instrument Digital Interface , 180
Musical relationship , 213 –15
Musical staff , 216
Mutronics Mutator , 357
My First Mistake , 84
N.W.A , 297
Nashville System , 171
Native Instruments Battery , 256
Native Instruments Massive , 277
‘ Native Instruments ’ (NI) Traktor DJ
studio , 477
Natural Blues , 85
Natural minor scale , 204 , 205
‘ Needin’ You , 84
Negro, Joey , 449 , 455
‘ Nerpins’ , see Non-registered parameter
numbers (NRPN) controllers
Neumann KM184 , 17
1
Neve Capricorn , 63
New York Times , 296
Nibbles , 486
Niche garage , 273 , 274
Niche bass , 276–8
Nine Inch Nails (NIN) , 96
Noise fl oor , 131
Noise gates , 48–50
Noise reduction , 400–2
Noise waveforms , 12
Non-constant Q , 375 , 376
Non-registered parameter numbers
(NRPN) controllers , 194
Notch fi lter , 16
action of , 18
Novation , 288
Novation A-Station , 263
Novation Bass Station (VSTi) , 258 , 325
Novation SuperNova , 80 , 258 , 263 , 325
Novation V-Station
(VSTi) , 258 , 263
Nuendo Sequencer, Steinbergs , 180 , 182
Null , 194
Numan, Gary , 452
Numark , 472 , 475
A Number of Names , 283
Nuyorican Soul , 85
Nyquist –Shannon theorem , 129
Oakenfold, Paul , 80 , 455
Oblique motion , 213
Octave , 376
Off the Wall , 85
Oliver, Mickey ‘Mixin’ , 233
On and On , 234
One Love , 313
Opera song, The , 469
Operating frequency , 4
Optical compressors , 43 , 144
Opto compressors , see
Optical
compressors
Orb, The , 329 , 330
Index
516
Orbit, William ,330 , 346
Orchestra, Salsoul , 85
Organs , 116 –17
Oscillator sync , 13
O’Sullivan, Gilbert , 464
Out Of Space , 85
Packaging , 433–5
Pads , 342–4
Pan pot , see Panoramic potentiometer
Panning , 381 –3
Panoramic potentiometer , 371 , 372
Paradise Garage , 272
Parallel motion , 213
Parametric EQ , 375
Partials , 6
Patterson, Alex , 329 ,330
Paul, Les , 54
PC-DJ , 477
Peak , see Resonance control
Peak mode , 36
Peak-to-average ratio , 410 , 418
Peppermint Jam Allstars , 85
Perceptual encoding , 146–7
Percussion , 382
guidelines , 100 –1
Performance rights , 465–6
Performing Artists ’ Media Rights
Association (PAMRA) , 430 , 432 ,
435
Performing Rights Society (PRS) ,430 ,
432 , 435
Phantom power , 65 , 154
Phase cancellation , 5 , 172
Phase reverse switch , 65
Phasers 340 , 54–5
Phats and Small , 84
Philips , 62
Phono connectors , 62
Phonographic Performance Limited
(PPL) ,430 , 432 , 435
Phototransistor , 43
Phrase sampling , 142
Physical fl anging , 147
Piano roll editor , 181
Pianos ,5 , 382 ,390 –1
rhythm , 311
‘ Piece’ , 296
Pioneer , 474 , 477
CDJ 1000 , 475
DMP-555 , 476
MP3 CD player , 475
Pitch Bend , 194
Pitch correction software , 162
Pitch modulation , 322
Pitch-shifting , 146 , 458
Pitch tracking , 19
Pitched vocals , 165
Pizz rhythm , 311
Planet Phat , 80
Playford, Rob , 348
Playing styles , 187
Plosive popping , 157
Plucked leads , 112 –14
Poor pre-mix , 363
Pop bass , 107 –8
Popping , 296
Portamento , 276 , 320
Portishead , 313 , 314 , 316
Potentiometer , 64
Power, in London , 467
The Powerhouse , 233
Practical compression , 39
computer-based digital , 44–5
FET , 43
optical , 43
variable MU , 42–3
VCA , 43–4
Practical mixing , 379–81
Pre master compact disc (PMCD) , 437
Precedence effect , see Haas effect
Pre-delay time , 52
Pre-fader buss , 66
Prestissimo , 215
Pro Scratch 2 deck , 475
Pro Tools , 451 –2
Processors , 68–9 , 70
Prodigy , 85
Professional loops, creating , 143–5
Professional standard , 58
Professional turntables , 472–4
Programming , 349–52
Programming theory , 77 , 80–1
claps , 98
computer burbles , 121
congas , 99
cowbells , 98–9
customizing sounds ,81 –4
cymbals , 97–8
Dalek voice , 121
Index
517
deep heavy bass , 102
distorted leads , 114 –15
euphoric trance lead , 111 –12
explosion FX , 119 –20
falling speed/fi lter FX , 120 –1
general tips , 125–6
generic bass guidelines , 108 –9
generic leads , 117 –18
ghostly noises , 121
hi-hats , 96
hoovers , 115 –16
house pianos , 116
kick drums , 93
moog bass , 104
organs , 116 –17
percussion guidelines , 100 –1
plucked leads , 112 –14
‘ pop’ bass , 107 –8
programming basics , 84–91
programming bass , 101 –2
programming drums , 92
programming leads ,109 –11
programming new timbres , 122–3
resonant pads , 91
rising speed/fi lter FX , 120
shakers , 97
siren FX , 119
snare drums , 95
sub-bass , 103
sweeping bass , 105 –6
sweeps , 121
swirling pads , 91
swoosh FX , 122
tambourines , 99–100
TB303 Bass Synthesizer , 104 –5 , 114
techno ‘kick’ bass , 106 –7
theremins , 115
thin pads
, 92
timbre effects , 79–80
toms , 100
trance ‘digital’ bass , 107
whooping FX , 119
Zap FX , 119
zipping FX , 120
Promo , 467–9
Promotion , 435
Protection , 313
Prydz, Eric , 41 , 452 , 459
PSP Vintage Warmer , 260 , 275 , 306 , 352
PSX , 475
Psychoacoustic enhancers , 416
Public Enemy , 297
Publishing and promotion , 425
artwork , 440–4
distribution via internet , 444–7
independent release , 436–40
music charts and play lists (UK only) ,
447 –8
packaging , 433–5
promotion , 435
record companies and contracts , 426–9
royalties , 429–33
Publishing company , 432
Pulse code modulation (PCM) , 451
Pulse wave ,11 , 280 , 320
Pulses per quarter note (PPQN) , 182 ,
183 , 499–500
Punk, Daft , 84 , 91
Pythagoras , 6
Q (quality) , 375 , 376, 394
Quantizing , 183
Quinones, Lee , 296
R ⫹ S (Ring –Sleeve) jack ,71
R ‘n’ B , 273
R1 Active ,171
R44 ,171
Ragga , 272 , 348 , 354
Random access memory (RAM) , 135 ,
136 , 137 , 141
Rap , 158 , 159 , 295 , 449
vocals , 304 –7
Rappers Delight , 297
Rare Pleasure , 84
Ratio , 34–5 , 52
Reach Up Change , 84
Reaction sheets, working of , 467–9
Read automation (R) , 76
Real bass guitars ,102 , 307 , 324
Real instruments, recording , 169
acoustic guitars, recording ,171 –3
bass , 175–6
brass , 176–7
electric guitars , 173–4
preparation , 169–7
1
tips , 177–8
Rebel MC , 272 , 348
Record companies and contracts ,
426–9
Index
518
Record company , 431
Record Mirror , 468
Recording rights , see Mechanical rights
Red Alert , 85
Red Snapper , 314
Redhead Zync , 284
Reed , 338
Registered parameter numbers (RPN)
controllers , 194–5
Relative volume , 381 , 394
Release parameters , 35 , 419
Remember Me , 85
Remixing , 449
arrangement ,461 –3
bootlegs and internet remixing ,
452 –61
contracts , 463–4
sample clearance , 464–6
session tapes , 450 –2
ReMote , 25 , 288
‘ RePins ’
, see Registered parameter
numbers
Reprazent , 348
Resistor –capacitor (RC) circuit , 15
‘ Resolution ’ , 182
Resonance, effect of , 19
Resonant bass , 105
Resonance control , 19
Resonant pads , 91
Reverb , 51 , 156 , 162 , 340
decay time , 53
density , 53
diffusion , 53
early refl ections , 52
HF and LF damping , 53–4
pre-delay time , 52
ratio , 52
Reverberation , see Reverb
Reverse reverb , 460
Rhodes piano lick , 322
Rhythm(s)
, 217 , 218 , 220 , 299–304 ,
331 –3
house , 235–41
section , 253–4
timbres , 254–7 , 333–6
Ribbon microphones ,170 –1 , 176
Richard ‘X’ , 452
Rick , 467
Ring modulation , 13 , 14 , 97 , 99 , 256 ,
316 , 334
RIP , 272
Rise and fall pad , 91
Rising effect , 281
Rising speed/fi lter FX , 120
Rivieria, Erasmo , 233
Rock music , 350
Rode NT1 , 339
Roland:
CR , 237
GS system , 189
JD-990 , 87
JP1080 , 80
JP2080 , 80
JP8080 , 80
synthesizers , 192
TB303 , 283 , 284 , 290
TR808 , 92 , 93 , 283 , 284 , 315
TR909 , 92 , 93 , 237 , 254 , 283 , 284 , 315
ROMplers , 137
Root mean square (RMS) mode , 32 , 36
Rossario, Ralphi , 233
Routing effects:
and processors , 68–9
Royalties , 429–33 , 466
RT60 time , 53
Run DMC , 305
Runaway
, 85
Rushton, Neil , 284
Sample:
CDs , 137–9
and clearance , 147–9 , 464–6
and hold waveform , 24
packs , 453
rate , 127
reversing , 146
and synthesis , 28
Sampling and sample manipulation ,
135
creative sampling , 145–6
gritty sounds , 147
loops, working with ,141 –3
perceptual encoding , 146–7
physical fl anging , 147
pitch shifting , 146
professional loops, creating , 143–5
sample CDs , 137–9
sample reversing , 146
samples and clearance , 147–9
sampling practices , 140–1
Index
519
time stretching , 146
transient slicing , 147
Sanctuary , 232
Sasha , 80 , 482
Saturday Night Fever , 231
Saunders, Jesse , 234
Saunderson, Kevin , 283 , 449
Savvile, Sir Jimmy , 471
Sawtooth wave , 11 , 26 , 113
Scratching , 296 , 471
Second inversion , 210
Self-oscillating fi lters , 19 , 238
Selling-point vocals , 461
Semi-parametric EQs , 378
Semitones , 203
Sennheiser E602 , 175
Sequencers , 179 , 499–500
audio quality , 196
audio sequencing , 195–6
CC messages , 188–94
inputs and outputs (I/O), on offer ,
197 –8
MIDI sequencing , 179 , 180–8
multi-client drivers , 196–7
NRPN and RPN controllers , 194–5
Serial Copyright Management System
(SCMS) , 63
Session tapes:
ADAT , 451
DASH , 450 –1
DAT , 451
PCM , 451
Pro Tools , 451 –2
Seven , 468
Shakers , 97 , 274 , 332
Shanks , 273
Shari Vari , 283
Sharp(s)
fi lter , 15
keys , 202
Shaw, Marlena , 85
Shelf EQ , 394
Shelving or low/high-pass fi lters , 377 ,
378 , 386
Sherman Filterbank , 288
Sherman Filterbank 2 , 357
Sherman, Larry , 234
Shure:
SM58 , 158 , 305
SM81 , 171
Siano, Nicky , 232
Sibilance , 156
Side chaining , 36–7
Silo , 273
Simmons SDS-5 , 92 , 237
Sine wave ,6 , 10 –11 , 24 , 56 , 99 , 325
Single-buss MIDI interface , 185
Siren , 119 ,281
Slim Shady , 298
Smart Media cards , 475
Smith, Will , 470
Snare drum , 82 , 95 , 236 , 237 , 239 , 299 ,
301 , 316 , 317 , 334 , 349 , 350 , 382 ,
386
Sneaker Pimps , 272 , 314
Soft attack , 47
Soft knee compression , 35
Soft limiting , 419
Software-based studio, benefi ts of , 198
Software synthesizers , 28
Solid-state compressors , 37 , 41 –2 , 306
Solina String Machine , 246
Sonalksis TBK3 , 44
, 144 , 352
Song map , 225
fi rst body , 226
fi rst drop , 226–7
intro , 226
main body , 228
outro , 228
reprise , 227
second body , 227
second drop , 227
Song mapping , 454–5
Sonic Foundry’s Noise Reduction ,402
Sonic nuances , 183 , 187
Sony , 62 , 443
Sony/Philips digital interface
(S/PDIF) , 62
Soulsearcher , 85
Sound effects , 280–1 , 382
golden rules , 392
Sound FX , 357
Soundstage, creating , 368
Soup for One , 85
Spears, Britney , 161 , 222
Specialist effects , 460–1
Spectrasonics Trilogy , 102 , 324
Speed garage , 105 , 272 , 273 ,281
Spektral Designs Ultra Voice , 460
Spiller , 85
Index
520
Spin Spin Sugar , 272 , 281
Square wave ,11 , 104 , 118
SSL , 63
Standard compression , 37–9
Stanton , 472 , 474 , 477
Stardust , 84
‘ Starlight’, bass rhythm from , 242 , 243
Status bit , 486
Steady B , 470
Steinberg’s De-Noiser , 401
Steinberg’s Nuendo Sequencer , 180 , 182
Stereo jack , 58
Stereo width , 53 , 417 –18
Stingly, Byron , 85
Street Player , 84
Strings of Life , 283
Strip , 64
Strong –weak –medium–weak
syncopation , 301 , 317 , 333
Sub-bass , 103 , 366
Subtractive synthesizer , 8–9 , 10
Sugar Hill gang ,470
Sugar Is Sweeter , 272
Summer, Donna , 147 , 231 , 283
‘ Sunday music ’ , 272
Sweep EQs , see Semi-parametric EQs
Sweeping bass , 105 –6
Sweeps , 121
Swirling pads , 91
Switching , 141
Swoosh FX , 122
Sylvester , 85 , 147
Sympathetic vibrations , 5
Sync controls , 13
Syncopation ,220
, 221
Synth leads/strings/pads , 382 , 391
Synthesis, science of , 3
acoustic science , 3–8
complex waveforms, creating , 12–14
low-frequency oscillator , 24–5
methods:
frequency modulation , 27–8
granular synthesis , 28–9
samples and synthesis , 28
modifi ers , 23
practical applications , 25–7
subtractive synthesizer , 8–9
voltage-controlled amplifi er , 20 –3
voltage-controlled fi lters , 14–20
voltage-controlled oscillator ,9
noise wave , 12
pulse wave ,11
sawtooth wave , 11
sine wave ,10 –11
square wave , 11
triangle wave , 11 –12
Synthesized strings , 382
System Exclusive (SysEx) messages ,
189 –94
Sythesizers , 390 –1
T ⫹ S (Tip –Sleeve) jack ,71
TADSR (time –attack–delay –
sustain–release) envelope , 22
‘ Tag ’ , 296
Take Some Time Out For Love , 85
TAKI , 183 , 296
Tambourines , 99–100 , 332
Tangerine Dream , 283
Tascam , 475
Tascam digital interface (T-DIF) , 62
TB303 , 104
acid house bass , 104 –5
leads , 114
resonant bass , 105
Technics 1200 , 473
Technics 1210Mk2 , 473
Technics 1210Mk3 , 473
Technics 1210Mk5 , 473
Technics 5G , 473
Techno , 272 , 283 , 348 , 405
musical analysis , 284–92
recommended listening , 292–3
Techno – The New Dance Sound of
Detroit , 284
Techno City , 283
Techno ‘kick’ bass , 106 –7
‘ Telephone ’ vocals , 164–5
Tempo , 215
delay time chart ,501 –2
‘ Ternary ’ repetition , 223
Terry, Todd , 85 , 145 , 234 , 241 , 247
Test pressings (TPs) , 434 , 438
Theodore, Grand Wizard , 27
1 , 347
Theremins , 115
Thin pads , 92
Three-band compression , 413
Threshold , 34
on loudness maximizer , 418 –19
Throw , 66
Index
521
‘ Throw up ’ , 296
Thwack , 41 , 256
Tiesto , 455 , 482
Timbre , 6 , 26 , 324 , 344
bass , 258–61 ,307
effects , 79–80
melodic , 263–4
programming , 87–8 , 122–5
rhythm , 254–7
thwack style , 256
Time signatures , 215 –19
Time stretching , 146 , 457 , 460
Timeless , 348
Tip –Ring–Sleeve (TRS) jack
connections , 58
Toasts , 297
Tobias, Henrik B , 285
Together Forever , 85
Toms , 100 , 332 , 386
Tong, Pete , 469
Tonite , 85
Torrents , 453
TOS-link interface , 62
Trance , 251
arrangement , 268–70
bass rhythm , 257–8
bass timbre , 258–61
melodic timbres , 263–4
melodies , 261 –3
motifs and chord progressions , 264–8
musical analysis , 252–3
recommended listening , 270
rhythm section , 253–4
rhythm timbres , 254–7
‘ digital’ bass ,107
Transformers , 61
Transient Designer ,50 –1 ,241 , 256 , 30
1 ,
334 , 357
Transient slicing , 147
‘ Trax ’ records , 234
Tremolo effects , 24 , 322
Triangle wave , 11 –12 , 325 , 334 , 349
Triangles , 332
Tribal techno loop , 286 , 287
Tricky , 313 , 314
Trim , 64
‘ Trio minuet ’ formation , 223
Trip-hop , 313
musical analysis , 314 –27
recommended listening , 327
Tri-saw wave , 10
Troubled So Hard , 85
True mid-range , 366
TSOP (The Sound of Philadelphia) , 85
Tuning Bank Select , 194
Tuning Programme Select , 194
Turn Around , 84
Twin, Aphex , 330
‘ Two-fi ngered ’ approach , 224
UB , 197
UK garage , 271
arrangements , 281 –2
chords , 279–80
drum rhythms , 274–6
motifs , 278–9
musical analysis , 273–4
niche bass , 276–8
recommended listening , 282
sound effects , 280–1
Ultramaximizers , 47
Unbalanced cable:
vs. balanced cable , 57–9
Unity gain , 65
Universal Binary , 197
UREI 1176 LN , 43 , 255
, 260 , 289
UREI LA 3 , 43 , 255 , 260 , 289
UREI Teletronix LA-2A , 43
Vahl, Steve , 232
Valerie ,41 , 452 , 459
Valve compressors , 42 , 164 , 289 ,
306
Van Dyk, Paul , 109 , 112 , 113 , 225
Van Helden, Armand , 84 , 241 , 272 ,
276 , 449
Variable MU compressors , 42–3
VCA compressors , 43–4
Velocity , 317
Velocity cross-fading , 141
Velocity modulation , 140–1
Verb , see Reverb
Verse , 345 , 357
Vestax , 472 , 473–4 , 475
Video Performance Limited (VPL) ,
430 , 432
Vinyl and clubs, mixing for , 393
Virgin , 443
Virtual Instrument 2 plug-in
interface , 197
Index
522
Virtual studio technology (VST)
instruments , 76
versus hardware instruments , 198–9
VJs (video jockeys) , 330
Vocal chants , 339
Vocals , 82 , 340 , 357 , 382 , 389–90
commercial , 163–4
in dance , 459
editing , 162–3
effects , 163
pitched , 165
rap , 304 –7
recording , see Vocals, recording
slicing , 457–8
telephone , 164–5
Vocals, recording ,151
commercial vocals , 163–4
editing , 162–3
microphone technology , 152–4
pitched vocals , 165
preparation , 154–6
techniques
, 156–61
telephone vocals , 164–5
vocal effects , 163
vocoders , 165–8
Vocoders , 165–8
Voice Machine , 460
Voltage-controlled amplifi er (VCA) , 20 –3
Voltage-controlled fi lters , 14–20
Voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) , 9
noise waveforms , 12
pulse wave ,11
sawtooth wave , 11
sine wave ,10 –11
square wave , 11
triangle wave , 11 –12
Volume adjustments ,381
Volume unit (VU) meter , 59
Vries, Jurgen
VST , 2 , 197
Walton, Byron , 234
The Warehouse , 232
Washing Machine , 234
Wav format , 315
Wave CD formats , 138 , 139
Wave style CDs , 138
Waves Click Remover , 401
Waves Crackle Reduction , 401
Waves MaxBass , 403
Waves RComp , 44 , 389
Waves Renaissance Compressor , 144 , 260
Waves Transform Bundle , 301 –2 , 334
Waves Transform Package , 256
Waves X-Hum ,401
Waves X-Noise , 402
WaveSurgeon , 297 , 299 , 314 , 460
WBMX , 233
Westchester Lady , 85
White Book
, 428
White noise , 12 , 96 , 100 , 112 , 275 , 349
Whole tones , 203
Whooping FX , 119
Wild Bunch, The , 314
Williams, Carol , 85
Wind instruments , 338–40 , 382 , 391
Winston , 347
Woman of the Ghetto , 85
Word clock (WCLK) message , 62–3
Write automation , 76
Xtreme lead , 80
Yamaha , 27 , 116
XG system , 189
Yamaha DX7 , 116
Yamaha’s Y formats , 62
You Don’t Know Me , 84
‘ Your Love ’ , 234
Zap FX , 119
Zero crossing , 4
in waveform , 5
Zipping FX , 120
Zulu Nation , 295
Zync , 285