Pounds N. The medieval city

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Laws of Breteuil, 14, 174–75

Le Goff, Jacques, 93, 95

Leland, John, 134, 212–14

Liber Chronicarum, 208

Lincoln, England, 93, 190, 212–13

Lollards, 97

London: buildings and structures in,

47–49, 50, 67, 88, 152; com-

plaints from (in Assize of Nui-

sance), 200–202; disease in, 58,

66; exclusion from Domesday

Book, 189; after the fall of the

Roman Empire, 10, 25; legisla-

tion and government of, 40,

111, 131; population of, 88,

153; prostitution in, 145; under

Roman rule (Londinium), 6,

130; trade and crafts of, 107,

146, 165, 173

Louis IX, King, 114, 145

Lubeck, 15, 40, 172–73

Lucca, 132

Lucian, 162, 209, 212

Ludlow, England, 175–78

Luther, Martin, 97, 108

Malaria, 35, 68, 141. See also Disease

Maps, 29, 59, 78, 80, 93, 95, 208

Market, 12, 14, 52, 104, 117, 125–

26, 138, 163, 176, 178–79,

181, 183, 193–94. See also

Fair

Marriage, 55, 59, 140, 152

Mediterranean Sea, 4, 6, 8, 81, 165,

171

Mendicant Orders, 24, 67, 91–95

Merchant Class, 106–10, 113–14,

138–40, 146, 159, 169

Middle East, 9, 22, 62, 126, 159,

165, 172–73

Migration, from the country to the

city, 58–61, 77, 153, 163n2,

181. See also Central place the-

ory

Mill, 47, 51–52, 120, 122, 133–34,

191, 210

Monastic settlement, 31, 67, 86,

91–96, 162, 178, 185, 198,

205, 212–14

Moors, 5, 81, 94, 149, 160

Moravia, 17

Name, locative, 59, 60

Neckham, Alexander, 158

Normandy, 14, 174, 195

Norwich, England, 9, 10, 43, 48,

50, 60, 79, 91–93, 161

Nottingham, England, 212–14

Nuremberg, 15, 50, 70, 75, 109,

153, 158, 208

Oxford, England, 42, 93, 97, 160,

195; University, 160

Papacy, 7, 149

Paris, 27, 35, 43, 49, 59, 67, 91–92,

114, 128, 131–32, 141, 152,

160, 169

Parliament, English, 34, 153–57,

161, 206

Pasteur, Louis, 59, 141

Pilgrimage, 23–24, 86–87

Pirenne, Henri, 6, 181

Plague, the Great, 56–58, 77–78,

80–81, 82n2, 141, 188; of

mice, 184. See also Death; Dis-

ease

Plowman, Piers, 65, 85, 137

Poland, 15, 17, 31, 35, 75, 105, 127–

28, 149, 163n2, 172, 175–79

Poll Tax, 79–80

Pompeii, 22, 38, 126

Index

231

Population: assessing, 64, 73–81,

214n7; Domesday Book’s as-

sessment of, 79, 189–91; gen-

der ratio of, 139–40; makeup of

urban, 87–89, 115, 137, 142,

149, 152–54; migration of, 59–

61; of planned towns, 22; prob-

lems associated with urban, 38,

55–56, 58, 62, 77–78, 88–89,

102, 131; towns’ growth of,

26–27, 80–81, 89

Prague, 36–37, 43, 49, 81, 97, 147,

160–61

Prostitution. See Crime

Reformation, 93, 97, 149, 183

Reims, France, 33, 87

Renaissance, 2, 17, 46, 64, 68, 88,

100, 129, 158, 163, 208

Rheinfelden, 73–75

Rhine River, 5, 16, 44, 51, 73, 75,

105, 117n4, 179

Robbery. See Crime

Romania, 8

Rome: ancient cities of, 6, 23, 25, 50,

126, 140, 130–31, 135n7, 212;

city of, 4, 7, 9, 30, 43, 65, 86–

87, 126, 149, 153; classical tradi-

tion of, 3–4, 67, 97, 99, 140,

149, 159, 161–62, 208–9, 211;

creation of, 22–23; empire of, 7,

25, 38, 49, 65, 85–86, 126, 128,

130, 131, 145, 147, 169, 171,

179; medieval cities of, 6, 187;

Roman invasion, 2; Roman pe-

riod, 9–10, 17, 25, 34, 38, 65, 67

“Ruin, The,” 6, 187–88

Russia, 8, 15, 86, 149, 172, 211

Salzman, L. F., 197

Schedel, Hartmann, 29, 208

Services, in city, 70, 72–73, 97, 108,

123, 129–30, 140–41, 163;

service area, 7, 73–75

Shakespeare, William, 69, 107,

118n6, 157

Shop. See Workshop

Sicily, Italy, 4, 56, 77, 86

Siena, 99, 100, 132, 153; School of

painting, 99

Siege, 4, 29, 30, 38, 49, 64, 78,

208

Slovakia, 17, 166

Spain, 4–6, 50, 81, 86, 94, 149,

160, 166, 209

Stephen, King, 210

Streets: activity in, 123; detouring,

natural, 22–24, 31, 89, 104,

183–84; medieval description

of, 198; planned, straight, 5,

12, 14, 21, 23, 176–77, 179;

problems of, 18, 30, 44, 46, 50,

68–69, 116, 200, 203–5;

Roman, 25–26, 35, 50; street

names, 128, 145, 176; street

occupations, 129–30, 139;

structures on, 41, 43, 45, 49,

68, 88, 126–28, 170, 205

Stumpe, William, 134

Synoecism, 4, 22, 151

Tax, 59, 77, 79, 103, 147–48, 191;

sales, 117, 127

Teme River, 175

Thames River, 10, 35, 145, 200,

204, 210

Toilet. See Cesspit

Toll, 75, 105, 127, 191–92

Totnes, England, 13–14

Towns, formation of: “dwarf,” 78;

planned, 12–17, 21–23; un-

planned, 23–24

Index

232

Trade: armaments, 166; centers of,

6–10, 43, 107–10, 104, 112,

169–73; Christ of the, 123–24;

cloth, 179–81, 184; free, 104–

6, 112; importance of, 119–20,

125–34; long-distance, 2, 16,

52, 56, 72, 105, 112, 129, 183;

luxury, 146; market, 14; over-

land, 6, 56; overseas, 4, 6, 23,

93, 100, 165, 182, 211; traders,

12, 17, 23–24, 122, 125–32,

138, 152, 170–71 (see also Fug-

ger, family of); union move-

ment, 113; urban, 13, 140, 179

Trajan’s Forum, 126

Transylvania, Romania, 15, 17

Turks: Ottoman, 17, 30, 78, 88;

Seljuk, 93

University, 142, 160–61; towns, 93

Venice, Italy, 15, 160

Vienna, 15, 160

Violence, 96, 122, 142, 182, 203

Visby, Gotland, 171–73

Walls, 5, 25–31, 49, 78, 91, 161,

184; party walls, 43; Roman,

26–27, 29, 33, 214n6

War, 2, 5, 8, 29, 38, 76, 90, 100,

117, 144, 173, 211; First

World, 127; Hundred Years’,

171, 182; Persian, 4; Second

World, 31, 96, 108; Thirty

Years’, 49, 165

Water: drinking, 11, 17, 35, 58, 64,

66–68, 141; power supply, 47,

51–52, 120, 122, 133–34, 146;

problems of, 44, 50, 58, 66, 68,

200, 204; supply of, 11, 30, 35,

58, 64–67, 120, 185, 212–13;

waterway, 8, 168

Westminster, 34, 50, 154–56;

Abbey, 92

Will, 69, 103, 146, 158

William the Conqueror (William I),

King, 24, 189

Winchelsea, 27, 168

Winchester, England, 10, 22, 26,

50, 79, 89, 93, 145, 189

Whittington, Dick, 139, 184–85

Workshop, 45, 47, 120, 122, 126,

132–33, 138

York, England, 6, 10, 50, 89–90, 93,

130, 195–96

Zadar, 17, 144

Index

233

About the Author

NORMAN POUNDS is an eminent historian of the medieval period

and the author of numerous works, including The Economic History of

Medieval Europe, Hearth and Home: A History of Material Culture, and The

Culture and History of the English People: Iron Age to the Industrial

Revolution.