Pounds N. The medieval city

Подождите немного. Документ загружается.

General Works and Bibliographies

Clark, Peter, and D. M. Palliser, eds. The Cambridge Urban History of Britain. Vol.

1, 600–1540. Cambridge, UK, and New York: Cambridge University Press,

2000. An up-to-date, multiauthor work, of the highest value.

Graves, Edgar B., ed. A Bibliography of English History to 1485: Based on “The

Sources and Literature of English History from the Earliest Times to about

1485” by Charles Gross. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press,

1975. Chapter 20, pp. 700–750, deals with the English city.

Lobel, Mary D. The British Atlas of Historic Towns. 2 vols. New York: Oxford

University Press, 1969–1979.

Martin, G. H., and Sylvia McIntyre, eds. A Bibliography of British and Irish Mu-

nicipal History. Vol. 1. Leicester, UK: Leicester University Press, 1972. A

critical bibliography, of the highest value.

Singer, Charles Joseph, ed. A History of Technology. Vol. 2. Oxford: Clarendon

Press, 1956. Old, but still of great value on medieval technology and urban

material culture.

Relevant Periodicals

Annales: Economies—Societes—Civilisations (Paris)

Kwartalnik Histroii Kultury Materialnej (Warsaw)

Vierteljahrschrift fur ekonomische und kulturische Geschichte (city of publication un-

known)

ANNOTATED

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Origins of Urbanism

Ammann, Hektor. Wirtschaft und Lebensraum der mittelalterlichen Kleinstadt: I.

Rheinfelden. Frick: A. Fricker, 1948.

Aston, Michael, and James Bond. The Landscape of Towns. London: Dent,

1976.

Ballard, Adolphus. British Borough Charters, 1042–1216. Cambridge, UK: Cam-

bridge University Press, 1913.

———. “The Law of Breteuil.” English Historical Review 30, 120 (October 1915):

646–58.

Ballard, Adolphus, and James Tait. British Borough Charters, 1216–1307. Cam-

bridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1923.

Beresford, Maurice Warwick. New Towns of the Middle Ages: Town Plantation in

England, Wales, and Gascony. New York: Praeger, 1967.

Collis, John. Oppida: Earliest Towns North of the Alps. Sheffield, UK: Depart-

ment of Prehistory and Archaeology, University of Sheffield, 1984.

Cunliffe, Barry. “The Origins of Urbanization in Britain.” In Oppida, the Begin-

nings of Urbanisation in Barbarian Europe: Papers Presented to a Conference

at Oxford, October 1975. Edited by Barry W. Cunliffe and Trevor Rowley.

Supplementary Series vol. 11. Oxford: British Archaeological Reports,

1976, pp. 135–61.

Dobson, R. B. “Urban Decline in Late Medieval England.” In Transactions of the

Royal Historical Society. London: The Royal Historical Society, 1977,

pp. 1–22.

Ennen, Edith. Frühgeschichte der Europäischen Stadt. Bonn: L. Rörscheid, 1953.

Maitland, F. W. Township and Borough: With an Appendix of Notes Relating to

the History of Cambridge. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press,

1964. A classic study by the greatest of all legal historians.

Meyer, Erwin T. “Boroughs.” In The English Government at Work, 1327–1336.

Edited by James F. Willard and William Alfred Morris. Cambridge, MA:

Mediaeval Academy of America, 1950, pp. 105–41.

Miller, Edward, and John Hatcher. Medieval England: Towns, Commerce, and

Crafts, 1086–1348. London and New York: Longman, 1995. An excellent

summary with a good bibliography.

Annotated Bibliography

222

Postan, M. M., and H. J. Habakkuk, eds. “Trade and Industry of the Middle

Ages.” In The Cambridge Economic History of Europe. Vol. 2. Cambridge,

UK: Cambridge University Press, 1952.

Rorig, Fritz. The Medieval Town. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1967.

A translation of a German classic.

Russell, Josiah C. “Late Ancient and Medieval Population.” Transactions of the

American Philosophical Society, n.s. 48, 3 (1958). Good information on the

urban population.

———. Medieval Regions and Their Cities. Bloomington: Indiana University

Press, 1972.

———. “The Metropolitan City Region of the Middle Ages.” Journal of Regional

Science 2 (1960): 55–70.

Sjoberg, Gideon. The Preindustrial City, Past and Present. Glencoe, IL: Free Press,

1960.

Trenholme, Norman Maclaren. The English Monastic Boroughs: A Study in Me-

dieval History. University of Missouri Studies 2. Columbia: University of

Missouri, 1927.

van Werveke, H. “The Rise of the Towns.” In The Cambridge Economic History

of Europe. Vol. 3. Edited by M. M. Postan and H. J. Habakkuk. Cambridge,

UK: Cambridge University Press, 1963.

Particular Regions

Conzen, M.R.G. Alnwick, Northumberland: A Study in Town-Plan Analysis. In-

stitute of British Geographers 27. London: George Philip, 1960.

Hill, Francis. Medieval Lincoln. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1948.

The ﬁrst volume of a magisterial study of an English city.

Leighly, John. The Towns of Medieval Livonia. New York: Johnson Reprint Corp.,

1968. A valuable study of town foundation in eastern Europe.

Lobel, M. D. The Borough of Bury St. Edmund’s: A Study in the Government and

Development of a Monastic Town. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1935. An im-

portant study of the government of a town that had grown up at the gate

of a monastery.

Morris, Rupert H. Chester in the Plantagenet and Tudor Reigns. Chester, UK:

Printed for the author, 1893. A good case study of urban streets and util-

ities.

Annotated Bibliography

223

Pirenne, Henri. Early Democracies in the Low Countries: Urban Society and Polit-

ical Conﬂict in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. New York: Harper &

Row, 1963. A good translation of a standard work on the Flemish cities.

Planitz, Hans. Die Deutsche Stadt im Mittelalter: von der Römerzeit Bis Zu Den Zun-

ftkämpfen. Graz: Böhlau-Verlag, 1965.

Raftis, J. A. A Small Town in Late Medieval England: Godmanchester, 1278–1400.

Studies and Texts 53. Toronto: Pontiﬁcal Institute of Mediaeval Studies,

1982.

Reynolds, Susan. An Introduction to the History of English Medieval Towns. Ox-

ford: Clarendon Press, 1977. Very good on city government and adminis-

tration.

Tait, James. The Medieval English Borough: Studies on Its Origins and Constitutional

History. New York: Barnes and Noble, 1968.

Thrupp, Sylvia L. The Merchant Class of Medieval London, 1300–1500. Chicago:

University of Chicago Press, 1948.

Urry, William. Canterbury under the Angevin Kings. London: Athlone Press, 1967.

An intimate study, based upon a voluminous documentation, by the

cathedral archivist.

Williams, Gwyn A. Medieval London: From Commune to Capital. London: Uni-

versity of London, Athlone Press, 1963.

Urban Social History

Belock, Julius. Bevölkerungsgeschichte Italiens. 3 vols. Berlin: De Gruyter, 1937.

Blair, John, and Nigel Ramsay. English Medieval Industries: Craftsmen, Techniques,

Products. London: Hambledon Press, 1991.

Brooke, C.N.L. “The Missionary at Home: The Church in the Towns, 1000–

1250.” In The Mission of the Church and the Propagation of the Faith: Pa-

pers Read at the Seventh Summer Meeting and the Eighth Winter Meeting of

the Ecclesiastical History Society. Edited by G. J. Cuming. Studies in

Church History 6. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1970,

pp. 59–83.

Chevalier, Louis. Labouring Classes and Dangerous Classes in Paris during the First

Half of the Nineteenth Century. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1973.

A translation of a French classic on the medieval underworld.

Annotated Bibliography

224

Clark, Peter, and Paul Slack, eds. Crisis and Order in English Towns, 1500–1700:

Essays in Urban History. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1972.

Colvin, H. M. “Domestic Architecture and Town Planning.” In Medieval Eng-

land. Edited by Austin Lane Poole. 2 vols. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1958,

1:37–87.

Gies, Joseph, and Frances Gies. Life in a Medieval City. New York: Crowell,

1973.

Gooder, Arthur. Criminals, Courts and Conﬂict. Edited by Trevor John. Published

privately, 2001. A valuable study of criminals and litigation in medieval

Coventry.

Knowles, Clifford Cyril, and P. H. Pitt. The History of Building Regulation in Lon-

don, 1189–1972: With an Account of the District Surveyors’ Association. Lon-

don: Architectural Press, 1972.

McCall, Andrew. The Medieval Underworld. London: H. Hamilton, 1979.

Mollat, Michel, and Philippe Wolff. The Popular Revolutions of the Late Middle

Ages. London: Allen & Unwin, 1973.

Mols, Roger. Introduction à la démographie historique des villes d’Europe du XIVe au

XVIIIe siècle. Gembloux: J. Duculot, 1954–56. The deﬁnitive study of

urban population during the Middle Ages.

Owen, Dorothy Mary. Church and Society in Medieval Lincolnshire. History of Lin-

colnshire 5. Lincoln: History of Lincolnshire Committee, 1971.

Platt, Colin. The English Medieval Town. London: Secker & Warburg, 1976.

Rubin, Miri. Charity and Community in Medieval Cambridge. Cambridge, UK:

Cambridge University Press, 1987. An in-depth study of the medieval un-

derworld.

Sabine, Ernest L. “Butchering in Mediaeval London.” Speculum 8, 3 (July 1933):

335–53.

———. “City Cleaning in Mediaeval London.” Speculum 12, 1 (January 1937):

19–43.

———. “Latrines and Cesspools of Medieval London.” Speculum 9, 3 (July

1934): 303–21.

Salusbury-Jones, Goronwy Tidy. Street Life in Medieval England. Oxford: Pen-in-

Hand, 1948.

Annotated Bibliography

225

Sapori, Armando. The Italian Merchant in the Middle Ages. Translated by Patri-

cia Ann Kennen. New York: Norton, 1970.

Schoﬁeld, John. The Building of London: From the Conquest to the Great Fire. Lon-

don: British Museum Publications, 1983.

Thorndike, Lynn. “Sanitation, Baths, and Street-Cleaning in the Middle Ages

and Renaissance.” Speculum 3, 3 (April 1928): 192–203.

Thrupp, Sylvia L. “Towns.” In Early Medieval Society. Edited by Sylvia L. Thrupp.

New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1967.

Ziegler, Philip. The Black Death. New York: John Day Co., 1969.

Urban Archaeology

Barley, M. W. European Towns: Their Archaeology and Early History. London and

New York: Council for British Archaeology, 1977.

Barlow, Frank, and Martin Biddle. Winchester in the Early Middle Ages: An Edi-

tion and Discussion of the Winton Domesday. Winchester Studies 1. Oxford:

Clarendon Press, 1977.

Carver, Martin O. H. Medieval Worcester: An Archaeological Framework; Reports,

Surveys, Texts, and Essays. Transactions of the Worcestershire Archaeo-

logical Society, 3d ser. 7. Worcester, UK: Worcestershire Archaeological

Society, 1980.

Grant, Lindy. Medieval Art, Architecture, and Archaeology in London. Conference

Transactions for the Year. Oxford: British Archaeological Association,

1990.

Haslam, Jeremy. Anglo-Saxon Towns in Southern England. Chichester, UK:

Phillimore, 1984.

———. Early Medieval Towns in Britain, c. 700 to 1140. Shire Archaeology 45.

Cincinnati: Shire Publications, 1985.

Annotated Bibliography

226

Adriatic Sea, 6, 17, 18n3, 144

Agriculture, 1, 4, 6, 13, 17, 23, 108,

115, 157, 172, 177

Amsterdam, Netherlands, 35, 40,

51, 165, 182

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, 188–89

Apprentice system, 116, 122, 138–

39, 197

Aquinas, Thomas, 145

Archaeology, 5

Aristocracy, 36, 42–43, 49, 109,

120, 123, 140, 146, 153–55,

159–60

Aristophanes, 55

Aristotle, 1, 4, 21–22

Arras, 33, 127, 181

Assize of Nuisance, the London, 46,

66, 200–202

Augustine, Saint, 7, 33–34,

130

Augustinian Order. See Mendicant

Orders

Avila, Spain, 50

Baltic Sea, 9, 15, 39, 60, 77, 81,

100, 171–73, 181

Bateson, Mary, 174–75

Belgium, 115

Benedictine Order. See Mendicant

Orders

Black Sea, 8, 56, 77

Bohemia, 15, 17, 36, 75, 166

Boileau, Etienne, 114

Bologna, Italy, 160–61

Boorde, Andrew, 66

Botero, Giovanni, 119, 153

Bourgeoisie, 11, 100, 137–38, 153–

55, 157–59, 163

Braun, Georg, 29, 208

Breteuil, Roger of, 174

Brewer, Bishop William, 182, 193

Bridge, 14, 35–36, 50–51, 75, 105,

203, 206, 212, 214; London

Bridge, 35, 205

Bristol, England, 93

Bronze Age, 2

Brotherhoods. See Fraternities

Bruges, Belgium, 108, 132, 173, 179

Bubonic Plague. See Plague, the

Great

Budapest, Hungary, 35–36

Burgage, 23, 43, 47, 102, 175, 182–

83, 193

Burghs, 9–10, 16, 153

Byzantium, 6–8, 30, 56, 77–78,

171–72

INDEX

Cam River, 67, 128

Cambridge, England, 67, 88–89, 93,

113, 128, 160, 191–92, 202,

205; University, 93, 160

Canterbury, 7, 33–34, 61, 87, 93,

130, 197–98; Simon of, 197–

Carmelite Order. See Mendicant

Orders

Castle: English, 4; feudal control as-

sociated with, 105, 111, 131–

32, 153, 176; medieval descrip-

tions of, 187, 190, 210, 214;

with planted towns, 15, 175–

77, 179; ruins of, 13; with un-

planned towns, 23; urban, 10–

11, 131–32; in war, 29–32,

167, 174–77

Cathedral, 7, 31, 33–34, 36, 86–87,

91, 130, 160, 162–63, 209;

cathedral school, 159; cathe-

dral town, 18, 31, 33, 86–87

Cellar, 40, 45, 198, 202–4

Central place theory, 73

Cesspit, 46–48, 58, 66–69, 141,

200–201

Champagne, 109, 128, 169–71. See

also Fair

Charles University, 160–61

Charter, 9, 11–16, 24, 73, 101–6,

111, 126–27, 129, 156, 169,

174–77, 191–95; of liberties,

11, 181–82

Chaucer, Geoffrey, 41, 63, 87, 141

Chester, 10, 50, 162, 209

Christianity, 7, 31, 34, 81, 147–49,

210; practitioners of, 157, 193;

role in development of the

city, 85–97

Cholera, 58, 66, 68, 141. See also

Disease

Church, the, 96–97, 103, 130, 145–

46, 149, 154, 158, 161–62,

169, 179; buildings, 88–91,

143–44, 178, 209; movements

within, 97, 108

Cinque Ports, 167–68

Cistercian Order. See Mendicant

Orders

Citizenship, 100–102, 147, 207

Civitas, 34, 130–31

Cologne (Köln), 9, 27, 28, 107,

153, 160, 162, 173

Commerce, 1, 15–16, 107, 169–72,

181

Cordoba, Spain, 5

Coroner, 66, 68, 82n10

Coroners’ Court, 66

Coroners’ Roll, 45, 82n10

Coryat, Thomas, 68

Council, city, 102, 106, 116–17, 138,

156, 162, 176, 178, 181, 205

Crafts, 72–74, 106, 109, 111–12,

115, 120–25, 132–34, 138–39,

145, 165, 178, 181, 191

Crime, 18, 142–46, 151, 154, 170;

homicide, 143–44, 203–4; pros-

titution, 145–46, 170; robbery

142–44, 170

Crusade: crime associated with, 74,

144, 146; the First, 149; the

Fourth, 144; the Second, 88

Danebury, 2–3

Danube River, 5, 16, 18n3, 35–36;

Basin, 178; valley, 178

Dart River, 13–14

Datini, Francesco di Marco, 108

Death, 56, 68–70, 78, 82n10, 88,

102, 140–41, 161, 185, 187–88,

193, 203–4; the Black (see

Plague, the Great)

Index

228

Devon, England, 13–14

Disease, 58–59, 68–70, 78, 141. See

also Death; Plague, the Great

Domesday Book, 11, 15, 79–80, 131,

174, 189–91

Dominican Order. See Mendicant

Orders

Durer, Albrecht, 109, 158

Drubovnik, 17, 126

Education, 97, 115–16, 141–42, 155,

159–61; university, 93, 160–61

Edward I, King, 15, 90, 153–54

Edward II, King, 111

Edward IV, King, 176

Edward the Elder, King, 188–89

England, 18n2, 34, 130, 164n5;

charters of, 14, 102, 105, 174–

75; churches in, 88, 91, 130,

143; government of, 8, 10, 34,

100–101, 131–32, 154, 161,

182, 188–95; health issues in,

58, 67–68; markets in, 104,

126–28; monastic settlement in,

33–34, 67, 86, 93, 96, 134, 162;

planted towns in, 15, 27, 90;

populations of towns in, 79–81;

social issues in, 116–17, 142–

43, 145, 149; towns and cities

of, 2, 4, 7, 9, 90, 96, 162, 175–

78, 184, 187, 197–98, 208–14;

trade in, 70–71, 167–68, 173,

184; unplanned towns, 24

Ethelberht, King, 7

Exeter, England, 10, 50, 96, 182–84,

193

Fair, 11–14, 17, 52, 104–5, 109, 126–

29, 169–71, 178–79, 183, 192–

94, 211–12. See also Market

Ferrara, 12, 132

Feudal system, 8–12, 96, 100–101,

111, 119, 127, 131, 148, 153,

156–57, 163, 175, 178, 189;

warfare in, 30

Fire, 29, 39–40, 43, 46–47, 63, 107,

140, 200; Great Fire of Lon-

don, 40, 89

FitzOsbern, William, 174–75

FitzStephen, William, 209–11

Flanders, 16, 62, 77, 80–81, 109,

120, 123, 127, 132, 153, 169,

173, 179–82; cloth trade of,

127, 169, 182

Florence, 12, 26, 43, 49, 107, 114,

129, 132, 153

Food, 1–2, 11, 17, 46, 58, 61–68,

71, 75, 115, 123, 141, 144,

152, 158, 170, 181, 197–98

France (Gaul), 3–4, 6, 10–11, 15–16,

31, 33, 35, 50–51, 56–71, 81,

93, 95–96, 108, 114–15, 123,

127, 129, 131, 135n7, 145, 148,

149, 155, 161, 175, 178, 181–82

Franciscan Order. See Mendicant

Orders

Fraternities, 111

French Revolution, 132

Friary. See Monastic settlement

Fuel, 17, 120, 129

Fugger: Anton, 109, 158; family of,

109, 129, 165–67; Jackob, 109,

165, 166

Gdansk, 40

Genoa, 12, 56, 129

Germany, 12, 15–16, 31, 50, 75, 78,

81, 100, 108, 149, 162, 165–

67, 172, 178, 209

Ghent, 132, 179

Ghent, Gilbert of, 190

Ghetto, 147–49

Index

229

Gild: bakers’, 63–64; brewers’, 64;

Cnichtengild, 113; coopers’,

195; cordwainers’, 195; feasts

given by, 65; goldsmiths’, 114;

grocers’, 65; lists of, 75; mer-

chant, 113, 191–92; regula-

tions, 42, 101–2, 106, 109–14,

120–22, 125, 133, 156, 160,

162, 178, 181, 183, 185, 194–

96; restrictive inﬂuence of, 55;

tanners’, 195. See also Appren-

tice system

Gildhall, 24, 42, 51, 147, 185, 205

Golden Horde, 172

Goslar, Germany, 15, 108

Gotland, 171–72

Gravity model, 59

Greece, 4, 81, 126, 140, 161

Gregory I, Pope, 34

Habsburg, the House of, 166

Hangitone, William de, 197–98

Hanseatic League, 17, 40, 62, 100,

171–74

Healthcare, 69–70, 93, 107, 115,

140–41, 159, 203. See also Dis-

ease; Plague, the Great

Heidelberg, Germany, 160

Henderson, Charles, 182

Henry I, King, 195

Henry II, King, 97n2, 195

Henry IV, King, 185

Henry V, King, 185

Henry VIII, King, 134, 167, 212

Hillfort, 2–3, 5, 130, 150

Hinterland, 1, 12, 35, 56, 167, 172,

179, 181

Hippodamus of Miletus, 21–22

Hobbes, Thomas, 7

Hogenberg, Franz, 29, 208

Holland, 16

Homicide. See Crime

Hospital. See Healthcare

House: citizen’s, 41–51, 108, 122,

131, 143, 147, 152–54, 182–83;

contract to build, 197–99;

households, 57–58, 74, 77, 79–

80, 190–91, 148; medieval de-

scriptions of, 210–11, 214; par-

allel, 41–43; parts of, 40–47,

67–68, 122, 126, 132–33, 138,

200–202, 204; problems with,

58, 66–68, 200–204; right-

angled, 43, 45–46; sharing a, 70

House of Commons. See Parliament,

English

House of Lords. See Parliament,

English

Hungary, 15, 35, 75, 128, 166

Hygiene, 58, 67–68, 116–17, 139,

201–3. See also Disease; Water,

drinking

Iron Age, 2–3, 5

Italy, 4, 6–7, 11–12, 15, 22, 25, 38–

39, 50, 56–57, 76–77, 79–81,

99–100, 128, 132, 135n5, 149,

153, 158, 160, 169–70, 179, 181

Jews, 147–49, 157

John, King, 191

Kalisz, Poland, 175–78

Kazimierz, King, 149

Kent, 2

Kitchen, 41, 46, 48, 51, 63, 67–68,

91, 158, 198, 202

Krakow, 31–32, 127, 147, 160

Lacy, William de, 175

Law Enforcement, 144–45. See also

Crime

Index

230