Paterson J. A Dictionary of Colour - A Lexicon of the Language of Colour (анг. яз.)
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n smudge
A dirty mark, stain or blot.
n smut
Soot; black spot.
c smutty
The dark sooty colour of smut.
n snip
As regards horses, a white spot on the muzzle.
n snooker balls
In snooker the white ball is the struck ball. The point score for potting the colours
is – red 1, yellow 2, green 3, brown 4, blue 5, pink 6 and black 7.
c Snow
One of the 140 colours in the X11 Color Set. It has hex code #FFFAFA.
n Snow White
See zinc white (and the friend of the seven dwarfs Bashful, Doc, Dopey, Grumpy,
Happy, Sleepy and Sneezy).
c snowy
The colour of snow – pure white. Also used to describe whiteness as in ‘snowy-
white’.
a snuff-coloured
Having the brown or yellowish-brown colour of snuff; also ‘snuff-brown’.
a sober-coloured
Dark-coloured; shabby.
n Society of Dyers & Colorists, The
Founded in 1884 it promotes the advancement of Colour Science.
n sodium lights
More properly ‘sodium-discharge lamps’. Used extensively in street lighting
because they are very cost-effective.
364 A DICTIONARY OF COLOUR
a soft
In relation to colour, subdued. Hence, softened.
n soft colours
See cool colours.
a soft-focussed
Descriptive of film or photographs where the image has been blurred or muted
to create a particular effect.
n solar orange
The orange colour of sunlight as perceived by the Impressionist painter George
Seurat (1859-1891) and hence the colour of the dots interspersed by him in painting
green grass in the light of the sun.
n solar spectrum
The range of visible light shown in a rainbow or reproduced by sunlight shining
through a prism. See spectrum.
c solferino
The bright bluish-red or crimson dye discovered in Italy after the battle of Solferino
in 1859.
n Solution to blue-green crossword problem
See blue-green: ‘adult’.
n Solution to coloured hat problem
See coloured hat problem 1. If No.1 sees that No.2 and No.3 are wearing hats
of the same colour he will know that his hat must be of the other colour and would
be expected to speak out. However, if No.1 is silent No.2 will know from that silence
that No.2’s hat cannot be the same colour as No. 3’s so that No. 2 can. in that
event, immediately announce the colour of his own hat – the colour contrary to
that of No.3.
n solvent
A chemical used to dilute oil paints and to clean brushes.
a sombre
As regards colours, dull or dark; having a gloomy aspect.
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a sombrous
As regards colour, having a sombre effect.
n son et lumière
A staged production at night often at an historic sight and consisting of an
illuminated spectacle with narration and/or music.
c sooty
Black in colour; having a similar colour to soot.
c sorbier
A dark burgundy.
c sorrel
Reddish-brown, particularly in reference to horses.
a spadiceous
Reddish-brown; having the colouring of the fruit, the date.
a spangled
Covered with glittering points of light.
a Spanish
Indicating pigments or colours considered to originate in Spain.
n Spanish black
A black pigment made from calcined cork.
n Spanish ferreto
A reddish-brown pigment. See Venetian red.
c Spanish red
A bright red.
n Spanish red oxide
A bright red pigment used for staining and made from iron
oxide.
adjective a
adverb adv
a colour c
noun n
prefix pr
suffix su
verb vb
366 A DICTIONARY OF COLOUR
c Spanish white
Whiting; also called Paris white.
vb sparkle; to
To glisten or to scintillate.
a sparkling
Discharging bright points of light.
n spattering
The technique of flicking paint onto a surface to create a particular effect such
as the appearance of sand.
n speck
A small spot of colour.
n speckle
A small spot of colour.
a speckled
Bearing small spots or marks of colour especially as regards birds.
n spectra
The plural of spectrum.
a spectral
Relating to the spectrum.
n spectral colour
The colours of the spectrum, namely, those seen when white light is passed
through a prism. See primary colours.
n spectrometer
An instrument for studying the spectrum of a light source.
n spectrophotometer
An instrument used to measure the intensity of colour.
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n spectroscopy
One of several techniques for measuring and assessing the colour of a pigment
including EDX (energy-dispersive X-ray analysis), microspectral analysis and FTIR
(Fourier-transform infrared). Another technique called ‘Raman micro probe
spectroscopy’ has been used to examine the chemical components of the ink used
in the Vinland Map and to prove it a fake thus discrediting the theory that the
Vikings reached North America before Christopher Columbus.
n spectrum
The range of colours produced by the dispersal of white light through a prism
– first explained by Sir Isaac Newton (1642-1727). The colour spectrum is a contin-
uous band of merging colours the divisions of which depend on the speed at which
the colours comprising white light travel through a prism – red light, for example,
having the longest wavelength, thus passes through a prism more quickly than
colours with shorter wavelengths. The colour spectrum extends from invisible
infrared passing through the seven visible colours of the rainbow (red, orange,
yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet) and ends with the invisible ultraviolet.The
colour spectrum always displays itself in the same fashion whether in the spray
of a water fountain, in a crystal glass, through a prism or in the rain. The full
electromagnetic spectrum embraces many different kinds of energy from radio
waves, microwaves, radar, infrared light through to ultraviolet light, X-rays,
and other short wavelength high energy radiation such as gamma rays.
Apparently, bees’ vision embraces ultraviolet light and owls can see into the
infrared part of the spectrum.
a spicy
‘spicy colours’ The Times (12.3.99).
c spinach green
Olive green or a yellowish green.
c spinel red
The scarlet or purplish red colour of the precious stone of the same name similar
to the ruby.
n spirit colour
Pigment mixed with a very thin application of fluid and formerly used as a varnish;
colours or dyes such as ‘spirit-blue’, ‘spirit-yellow’ and ‘spirit-brown’ made from
a tin solution.
368 A DICTIONARY OF COLOUR
a splendent
Brilliant.
n split complementary colours
In relation to any colour on a colour wheel, those two colours which are either
side of its complementary the three together making a pleasing triad of colours.
vb spot; to
To mark with spots.
n spot
A small mark.
n spotlight
A lamp casting a strong focussed beam;.
a spotted
Having spots of colour or similar markings.
n spraing
A highly-coloured streak.
a sprainged
Marked with coloured streaks or stripes (obs.).
c spray
A light bluish green.
a spring
An adjective used in the fashion trade to describe those colours considered to
be appropriate for wear in spring and in colour psychology to classify and
differentiate between certain colour tones in their appropriateness for different
personality types.
c spring green
The yellowy-green of young leaves.
c SpringGreen
One of the 140 colours in the X11 Color Set. It has hex code #00FF7F.
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c spruce
Variously a shade of mauve, a yellowish green, a grey-green and a dark green!
n stain
A chemical compound used in laboratory work.
vb stain; to
To colour something chemically; to soil clothing, carpet etc accidentally. Scientists
at the University of California have found that the popular method of using salt
or white wine to remove red wine stains was the least effective of the methods
tested. A mixture of hydrogen peroxide and liquid soap was far more effective.
n stained glass
Coloured glass stained in the process of manufacture and used for decorative
effect especially in windows. To be contrasted with painted glass. Stained glass
was often painted to add further colour.
n staining pigment
A transparent watercolour pigment which cannot be removed from the painted
surface without leaving some of its colour.
c stammel
The red colour of the coarse cloth of the same name once used in making
undergarments; the dye itself used in making such cloth.
a stark
As regards colours, dark.
n startle colours
The vivid colours on animals or insects intended to frighten predators and
sometimes revealed on their approach.
c steel blue
A greenish or greyish blue with a resemblance to the colour
of steel. Another name for Prussian blue. See also Steel Blue.
c SteelBlue
One of the 140 colours in the X11 Color Set. It has hex code
#4682B4.
adjective a
adverb adv
a colour c
noun n
prefix pr
suffix su
verb vb
370 A DICTIONARY OF COLOUR
c steel grey
A dark grey. Also ‘steel-black’.
n stencil
A painting or drawing created by applying colour to a surface which is masked
by paper cut to a particular design so that the result is the shape of that design.
The cut-out itself.
n stercobilin
The colouring agent in urine and fæces.
pr stigmato- (G)
Spotted.
c stil de grain
A bright yellow lake; the pigment itself.
a stippled
Covered with spots of paint; hence ‘stippling’, a technique using the tip of the
paintbrush. Also a broken colour effect produced by applying a brush, rag or
sponge to a wet painted surface.
c stone
A yellowish grey colour; also ‘stone-coloured’.
c stone blue
A medium blue colour.
a storm-darken’d
As used in Where My Books Go W B Yeats (1865-1939).
a stramineous
Straw-coloured.
c straw
Yellow.
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a straw-coloured
Having the pale yellow colour of straw. One of the colours which steel takes on
when heated and which indicates that the steel has reached the crucial stage of
having become annealed and thus less brittle. See heat-induced colours.
c strawberry
The red of the fruit, strawberry. This derives not from ‘straw’ but from ‘stray-
berries’ so that there is no more straw in strawberries than there are apples in
pineapples or grapes in grapefruit. Also ‘crushed strawberry’ – the colour of the
crushed fruit.
c strawberry blonde
A reddish blonde; used particularly as regards a person’s hair. As a noun this
refers to a person having such colour hair.
c strawberry roan
A chestnut-red colour describing horses in particular.
n streak
A narrow and irregular stripe of a colour; a marking on animals and also used
in reference to dyed tufts of hair.
a streaked
Covered with streaks. Also ‘streaky’.
n striae
Narrow stripes or bands of colour. The singular is ‘stria’.
a striated
Marked with streaks or furrows.
a strident
As regards colours, loud or garish.
c string
The colour of string, a light beige-brown or yellow-grey.
372 A DICTIONARY OF COLOUR
n strip
A familiar term given to the kit with its distinctive colours and configuration worn
by the players of a particular football, rugby, hockey or other team.
n stripe
A strip or band of colour. ‘Any colour as long as it’s stripes’ – headline in The Evening
Standard (16.11.00).
a striped
Bearing stripes.
n strobe light
Electric apparatus emitting rapidly flashing beams of light.
a strong
As regards colour, intense.
c strontium yellow
Yellow made from strontium chromate also called strontium chromate yellow.
n structural colours
Those effects (for example, iridescence) which some animals can create by making
some modification to their skin or top layer.
a Stygian
Black in colour as the river Styx – the river of hell in ancient mythology. See
acherontic.
a subdued
As regards colours, lacking in vividness.
a subfusc
Dingy, dusky, dull.
n subjective colour
See accidental colour.