Paterson J. A Dictionary of Colour - A Lexicon of the Language of Colour (анг. яз.)
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a sebaceous
Having a resemblance to tallow in colour.
n secondary colours
As regards surface colour, violet, orange and green each being colours resulting
from the mixture of two of the primary colours, namely, red and blue, red and
yellow and yellow and blue respectively. In each case the excluded colour is the
complementary. Hence, violet is the complementary of the excluded primary,
namely, yellow; orange is the complementary of blue and, finally, green is the
complementary of red. See complementary colours. Further mixing can produce
tertiary colours and quaternary colours. In coloured light, green is a primary
colour whereas yellow is a secondary colour.
a see-through
Transparent.
c selenium
A light-sensitive chemical element used in photoelectric cells and photocopiers
and taking various forms including a red powder.
a self-black
Naturally black – that is not as a result of being dyed.
n self colour
A uniform or natural colour.
a self-coloured
Having only one uniform colour.
a sematic
Those colourings or markings of animals (for example
poisonous animals) which serve as a warning.
a semi-opaque
A surface which is partially transparent. See opaque.
adjective a
adverb adv
a colour c
noun n
prefix pr
suffix su
verb vb
354 A DICTIONARY OF COLOUR
n semi-permanent
A hair-dye which remains effective for about 6 to 8 washes. A ‘tone on tone’ is
a form of semi-permanent process lasting for perhaps 16 washes. A ‘wash-in-
wash out’ is a temporary water-based rinse. See permanent and colour-fade.
n sempervirent
Evergreen.
c sepia
Reddish dark brown originally prepared from ink of the cuttlefish and used as
a replacement for bistre from the 18th century.
a septicoloured or septi-coloured
Having seven colours. Oddly, there does not seem to be a word in current usage
to indicate six coloured items. See bichrome, pentachromic, tetrachromatic,
tricoloured, trichromatic, two-coloured and two-tone.
a sere-coloured
Parti-coloured.
c Sevres blue
A deep blue.
n sfumato
As regards paintings and drawings, subtle gradations from dark to light.
n shade
A colour to which has been added black or any other dark hue (often the colour’s
complementary) produces a shade of that colour.
n shading
The act of comparing rolls of wallpaper to make sure they are all of the same shade.
n shadow
An area of comparative darkness caused by something blocking off direct sunlight.
n shaft
In relation to light, a beam or ray.
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c shammy
The yellowish-brown or fawn of shammy leather.
n sheen
Lustre, shine, radiance.
a sheep-hued
Having the colour of sheeps’ fleece.
a sheer
As regards colours, pure, unadulterated.
n shellac
A resin from the lac insect which is used in inks and paints to aid water resistance
and to provide a glossy finish. See lacquer.
c shellfish-purple
A shade of purple which Gage in his ‘Colour and Meaning’ says was associated
in the Middle Ages with puniceus (see primary colours).
a sherry-coloured
Having a brown colour; ‘sherry-coloured eyes’ used in Galsworthy’s Man of
Property.
n shikonim
A natural bronze-coloured pigment.
vb shimmer; to
To gleam.
a shimmering
Glistening, emitting a flickering light.
n shine
Brightness, lustre.
vb shine; to
To emit light.
356 A DICTIONARY OF COLOUR
a shining
Emitting light, beaming, glistening.
a shiny
Having a glossy, lustrous or burnished surface; bright.
c shocking pink
A garish variety of pink.
c shoe grey
Presumably the grey of grey leather shoes.
a shot
Many-coloured.
n shot
Usually descriptive of silk woven with the warp and weft having different colours.
c shrimp
A vivid pink colour.
n siderite
An iron ore producing a brown pigment.
c sienese drab
A reddish-yellow brown.
c sienna, siena
A brown hue with a reddish or yellowish tinge but orange-red or reddish-brown
when burnt. All sienna colours are named after Siena in Tuscany, Italy – but spelt
‘Sienna’ in English. The name of the earth from which the colour is derived is
called ‘terra di Sienna’.
c Sienna
One of the 140 colours in the X11 Color Set. It has hex code #A0522D.
n sienna
An earth used in its natural state as a yellowish-brown pigment; see also raw
sienna and burnt sienna.
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c sienna brown
Cocoa colour.
c signal red
A vivid red. Coloured lights are now used extensively on railway systems all over
the world as warning signals in preference to semaphore signals which can take
the form of either coloured flags or mechanical arms operated by signal boxes.
A red signal usually requires a train driver to stop; yellow (or in some countries,
amber) to slow down or to proceed with caution and green to proceed. The
Automatic Warning System (AWS) used on the UK railway network warns the
driver by ringing a bell when a green signal is passed and a klaxon if he passes
a red signal. The Train Protection Warning System (TPWS), a variant of AWS,
is gradually replacing it in the UK but neither system is as effective in avoiding
accidents as the computerised Automatic Train System (ATP) which can automat-
ically halt a train going through a red signal.
c signal yellow
A colour once popular with the makers of motor cars possibly because yellow
vehicles are, apparently, less often involved in accidents than vehicles of other
colours.
n signature colour
A distinctive colour which is particularly characteristic of an artist or designer
and often serves to identify him or her. See, for example, Cherokee red and
Turner’s use of yellow.
c sil
An ancient mineral which came to mean yellow and later violet or blue.
n silk colours
Pigments specially created for decorating or painting silk.
c silk green
A yellowish green.
n silks
The cap and the coat or jacket worn by a racehorse jockey
bearing the colours of the racehorse owner. See racing
colours.
adjective a
adverb adv
a colour c
noun n
prefix pr
suffix su
verb vb
358 A DICTIONARY OF COLOUR
n Silurian
Paper on which is found two contrasting colours.
c silver
The lustrous colour of the precious metal – hence ‘silver-coloured’. Associated
in medieval times with the Zodiac sign Cancer and with the Moon. According
to Godfrey Smith in ‘Beyond the Tingle Quotient’ this is one of the most beautiful
words in the English language. Other words considered by him as beautiful are
‘gossamer’, ‘dawn’, ‘twilight’, ‘golden’ and ‘mist’. The name given to one of the
E food additives (E174) providing a metallic surface colour.
c Silver
One of the 140 colours in the X11 Color Set. It has hex code #C0C0C0.
c silver grey
A bluish-grey.
n silver jubilee
A twenty-fifth anniversary. The term ‘jubilee’ is used for any grand celebration
marking the passage of 25 years or more although it derives from the Hebrew
‘yovel’ which indicated a 50TH anniversary. Queen Victoria highjacked the word
‘jubilee’ for the celebrations of her 60TH anniversary on the throne in 1897 which
was described as her ‘60th Jubilee’ to distinguish it from her 50th anniversary
which had previously merely been called ‘the Jubilee’ – ‘50th Jubilee’ then being
a tautology.
n silver-leaf
Silver which has been beaten thinly.
a silverly
Having the appearance of silver.
n silver medal
The prize for second position in a competition. See gold medal.
a silvern
Made of silver.
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n silver-plate
Tableware and other utensils made of silver.
n silverpoint
A drawing made on specially prepared paper using a silver pencil. The technique
originated in Italy in the Middle Ages.
n silver screen
A cliché for the cinema; or the cinema screen.
n Silver Stick
The commanding officer of the Household Cavalry. He has ceased since 1998 to
appear at the Queen’s State opening of Parliament although Gold Stick in Waiting,
the Colonel of the Household Cavalry, will continue to be present.
n silver surfer
A euphemism for the elderly. According to an internet poll reported in The Evening
Standard (16.3.00) the elderly prefer being referred to as ‘wrinklies’. Next in
popularity comes ‘silver surfer’ followed by ‘golden ager’.
n silver-tongued
Eloquent.
n silverware
Cutlery and other tableware made from silver or silver-plated.
n silver wedding
A twenty-fifth wedding anniversary.
c silver-white
White lead used as a pigment; the same as Cremnitz white; ‘lady-smocks all silver-
white’ Shakespeare’s Love’s Labour’s Lost Act 5 Scene 2. See flake-white.
a silvery
Having the appearance or sheen of silver.
360 A DICTIONARY OF COLOUR
n simple colours
The colours blue, red and yellow were, according to the chemist and philosopher
Robert Boyle (1627-1691) and the artist Christof le Blon (1670-1741), the three
‘simple ‘ colours. It was le Blon who considered that all colours could be derived
from this triad and who first made the vital distinction between coloured light
and pigment colour. See subtractive process and also essential colours.
n simultaneous contrast
The phenomenon occurring when certain colours (particularly complementary
colours) juxtaposed in certain conditions (for example, in small uniform patches)
produce the appearance of another colour or cause each other to be intensified.
c sinoper, sinople, sinopia, sinopite, sinope, sinopis, sinopic
An ancient light red ochre or earth used as a pigment originating from the
Black Sea city in Paphlagonia, Greece (but now in Turkey) known as Sinop. Sinop
has had many names including Sinopë and Sinopis by which the earth also
became to be known. ‘Sinoper’ by extension was used to indicate the colour
red, however, such is the inconstancy of ancient colourwords that sinople until
the 15th century also referred to the colour green – particularly in heraldry. The
Greeks painted their ships in many colours including in particular sinopic red.
Sinopia also means the initial rough sketch (using the reddish brown colour of
sinoper) used to prepare frescoes. Sometimes also referred to as cinnabar. See
also miltos and Venetian red.
c sinople green
A shade of green particularly in heraldry but see previous entry.
n size
A dilute solution applied to prime canvasses, panels and other supports to inhibit
the absorption of paint or oil. Also used as a medium in watercolour painting.
n sketch
An outline drawing.
c skewbald
Describing horses coloured with patches of white and some other colour, but
not black – a horse with white and black patches being described as piebald.
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n Skiapodes
Mythical folk from Libya with huge feet used to provide shade from the sun.
c sky
Light blue.
c sky blue
A light blue. The sky appears blue because the blue end of the sun’s rays are
gradually filtered as they reach earth causing a scattering of blue light.
c SkyBlue
One of the 140 colours in the X11 Color Set. It has hex code #87CEEB.
c sky-colour
The blue of the sky. See sky blue.
a skyey
Like the sky in colour.
n skyglow
The faint colour of the sky at night resulting from the reflection of the sun on the
dust in space.
n skyrin
A natural dark orange pigment.
vb slaister; to
To paint or add colour in a vulgar manner, particularly as regards the application
of make-up.
c slate
A dark bluish-grey resembling that of slate.
c SlateBlue
One of the 140 colours in the X11 Color Set. It has hex code
#6A5ACD.
adjective a
adverb adv
a colour c
noun n
prefix pr
suffix su
verb vb
362 A DICTIONARY OF COLOUR
a slate-coloured
The bluish-grey of slate.
c slate grey, slate-grey
The colour of grey slate. A dark grey.
c SlateGray
One of the 140 colours in the X11 Color Set. It has hex code #708090.
c sludge-green
A deep blackish green.
a sludgy
Having the colour of sludge.
c smalt
A blue colour sometimes referred to as a pale colour but more often a deep blue.
The pigment was made from pulverised glass called smalt which had been coloured
by means of cobalt oxide. Used extensively in the 16th and 17th centuries as a
blue pigment, but subsequently replaced by ultramarine.
c smaragdine
Emerald green.
n smear
A smudge or a dirty mark.
c smoke
A bluey-grey.
c smoky
The grey colour of smoke.
a smouldering
Used to describe colours as in ‘smouldering scarlet’ in the description of the shrub
the Camellia.