Лекции по гидрогазодинамике
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v
∆ρ ∼ ρ v
2
∂ρ
∂p
!
ρ
0
,p
0
=
ρ v
2
c
2
,
v
2
c
2
= M
2
1 v c,
≈ 2% − 5%
v ' c
•
•
σ
nx
= µ
∂v
x
∂n
.
σ
nx
~n
σ
ki
= f(∂v
k
/∂x
i
µ
∂v
x
/∂n x
n
µ
ν = µ/ρ
[µ] = /( · ) [ν] =
2
/
µ
µ = µ
0
T
T
0
!
n
,
µ
0
T
0
n
µ
µ =
µ
0
f(T )
,
µ
0
T
0
f(T )
f(T
0
) = 1
σ
∗
−→
n = −ζ
1
ρ
dρ
dt
−→
n .
ζ
µ
µ
F F
F F
µ
T
µ
Re =
F
F
.
v
0
L t
0
= L/v
0
V ∼ L
3
F = ρ V
dv
dt
∼ ρ L
3
v
2
0
L
= ρ L
2
v
2
0
.
σ
nx
F = σ
nx
S ∼ µ
∂v
x
∂n
S ∼ µ
v
0
L
L
2
= µ v
0
L.
S ∼ L
2
V ∼ L
3
Re =
v
0
L
ν
.
v
0
¯v
¯v =
Q
S
,
Q
3
/c
L
D =
4 S
.
S
D
S =
π d
2
4
; = π d; D =
4 π d
2
4 π d
= d,
Re =
¯v d
ν
.
D =
4 π (d
2
2
− d
2
1
)
4 π (d
2
+ d
1
)
= d
2
− d
1
,
d
2
, d
1
B ×H
D =
4 B · H
2 · (B + H)
=
2 B · H
B + H
.
B = H D = B
Re
Re
.
= 2300
Re
Re > 4000