IEA Statistics. Oil Information 2011

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OIL INFORMATION (2011 Edition) - I.7

3. GENERAL DEFINITIONS

Product definitions

Inputs to refineries

Crude oil

Crude oil is a mineral oil of natural origin comprising

a mixture of hydrocarbons and associated impurities,

such as sulphur. It exists in the liquid phase under

normal surface temperature and pressure and its

physical characteristics (density, viscosity, etc.) are

highly variable. This category includes field or lease

condensate recovered from associated and non-

associated gas where it is commingled with the com-

mercial crude oil stream.

Natural gas liquids (NGL)

NGL are liquid or liquefied hydrocarbons recovered

from natural gas in separation facilities or gas proc-

essing plants. Natural gas liquids include ethane, pro-

pane, butane (normal and iso-), (iso) pentane and pen-

tanes plus (sometimes referred to as natural gasoline

or plant condensate).

Refinery feedstocks

A refinery feedstock is a processed oil destined for

further processing (e.g. straight run fuel oil or vacuum

gas oil) excluding blending. With further processing,

it will be transformed into one or more components

and/or finished products. This definition includes re-

turns from the petrochemical industry to the refining

industry (e.g. pyrolysis gasoline, C4 fractions, gasoil

and fuel oil fractions).

Other hydrocarbons (than crude oil and NGL)

This category includes synthetic crude oil from tar

sands, oil shale, etc., liquids from coal liquefaction,

hydrogen and emulsified oils (e.g. Orimulsion). Al-

though not hydrocarbons, additives are also included.

Additives are added to or blended with a product to

modify fuel properties (octane, cetane, cold properties,

etc.) e.g. alcohols (methanol, ethanol), ethers (such as

MTBE (methyl tertiary butyl ether), ETBE (ethyl terti-

ary butyl ether), TAME (tertiary amyl methyl ether) or

esters (e.g. rapeseed or dimethylester, etc.) and chemi-

cal compounds (such as TML (tetramethyl lead) or

TEL (tetraethyl lead)) and detergents.

Outputs from refineries

Refinery gas (not liquefied)

Refinery gas includes a mixture of non-condensable

gases mainly consisting of hydrogen, methane, ethane

and olefins obtained during distillation of crude oil or

treatment of oil products (e.g. cracking) in refineries.

This also includes gases which are returned from the

petrochemical industry.

Ethane

A naturally gaseous straight-chain hydrocarbon

), extracted from natural gas and refinery gas

streams.

Liquefied petroleum gases (LPG)

LPG is light saturated paraffinic hydrocarbons derived

from the refinery processes, crude oil stabilisation and

natural gas processing plants. They consist mainly of

propane (C

) and butane (C

) or a combination

of the two. They are normally liquefied under pressure

for transportation and storage.

Naphtha

Naphtha is a feedstock destined for the petrochemical

industry (e.g. ethylene manufacture or aromatics

production). Naphtha comprises material in the 30

and 2l0

C distillation range or part of this range.

Motor gasoline

Motor gasoline consists of a mixture of light hydro-

carbons distilling between 35

C and 215

C. It is used

as a fuel for land based spark ignition engines. Motor

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I.8 - OIL INFORMATION (2011 Edition)

gasoline may include additives, oxygenates and oc-

tane enhancers, including lead compounds such as

TEL (tetraethyl lead) and TML (tetramethyl lead).

This category includes motor gasoline blending com-

ponents (excluding additives/oxygenates), e.g. alky-

lates, isomerate, reformate, cracked gasoline destined

for use as finished motor gasoline.

Of which biogasoline:

This category includes bioethanol (ethanol pro-

duced from biomass and/or the biodegradable frac-

tion of waste), biomethanol (methanol produced

from biomass and/or the biodegradable fraction

of waste), bioETBE (ethyl-tertio-butyl-ether pro-

duced on the basis of bioethanol: biofuel content

of 47%) and bioMTBE (methyl-tertio-butyl-ether

produced on the basis of biomethanol: biofuel con-

tent of 36%).

Aviation gasoline

This is motor spirit prepared especially for aviation

piston engines, with an octane number suited to the

engine, a freezing point of −60

C and a distillation

range usually within the limits of 30

C and 180

Gasoline type jet fuel (Naphtha type jet fuel or

JP4)

This includes all light hydrocarbon oils for use in

aviation turbine power units, distilling between 100

and 250

C. They are obtained by blending kerosenes

and gasoline or naphthas in such a way that the aro-

matic content does not exceed 25% in volume, and the

vapour pressure is between 13.7kPa and 20.6kPa.

Kerosene type jet fuel

This is a distillate used for aviation turbine power

units. It has the same distillation characteristics

between 150

C and 300

C (generally not above

250

C) and flash point as kerosene. In addition, it has

particular specifications (such as freezing point)

which are established by the International Air Trans-

port Association (IATA).

Other kerosene

Kerosene (other than kerosene used for aircraft trans-

port which is included with aviation fuels) comprises

refined petroleum distillate. It distils between 150

and 300

Gas/diesel oil (distillate fuel oil)

Gas/diesel oil is primarily a medium distillate distill-

ing between 180ºC and 380ºC. Several grades are

available depending on uses: diesel oil for diesel

compression ignition (cars, trucks, marine, etc.); light

heating oil for industrial and commercial uses; other

gas oil including heavy gas oils which distil between

380

C and 540

C and which are used as petrochemi-

cal feedstocks.

Of which biodiesels:

This category includes biodiesel (methyl-ester

produced from vegetable or animal oil, of diesel

quality), biodimethylether (dimethylether pro-

duced from biomass), Fischer Tropsch (Fischer

Tropsch produced from biomass), cold pressed

biooil (oil produced from oil seed through me-

chanical processing only) and all other liquid bio-

fuels which are added to, blended with or used

straight as transport diesel.

Fuel oil

This covers all residual (heavy) fuel oils (including

those obtained by blending). Kinematic viscosity is

above 10 cSt at 80ºC. The flash point is always above

C and density is always more than 0.90 kg/l.

- Low-sulphur content: Heavy fuel oil with sulphur

content lower than 1%.

- High-sulphur content: Heavy fuel oil with sulphur

content of 1% or higher.

White spirit and SBP

White Spirit and SBP are defined as refined distillate

intermediates with a distillation in the naphtha/

kerosene range. They are sub-divided as:

i. Industrial spirit (SBP): Light oils distilling be-

tween 30

C and 200

C. There are 7 or 8 grades of

industrial spirit, depending on the position of the

cut in the distillation range. The grades are defined

according to the temperature difference between

the 5% volume and 90% volume distillation points

(which is not more than 60

C).

ii. White spirit: Industrial spirit with a flash point

above 30

C. The distillation range of white spirit is

135

C to 200

Lubricants

Lubricants are hydrocarbons produced from distillate

or residue; they are mainly used to reduce friction

between bearing surfaces. This category includes all

finished grades of lubricating oil, from spindle oil to

cylinder oil, and those used in greases, including mo-

tor oils and all grades of lubricating oil-based stocks.

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OIL INFORMATION (2011 Edition) - I.9

Bitumen

Bitumen is a solid, semi-solid or viscous hydrocarbon

with a colloidal structure, being brown to black in

colour, obtained as a residue in the distillation of

crude oil, by vacuum distillation of oil residues from

atmospheric distillation. Bitumen is often referred to

as asphalt and is primarily used for construction of

roads and for roofing material. This category includes

fluidized and cut-back bitumen.

Paraffin waxes

These are saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons. These

waxes are residues extracted when dewaxing lubricant

oils. They have a crystalline structure which is more-

or-less fine according to the grade. Their main charac-

teristics are as follows: they are colourless, odourless

and translucent, with a melting point above 45

Petroleum coke

Petroleum coke is a black solid residue, obtained

mainly by cracking and carbonising residue feedstock,

tar and pitches in processes such as delayed coking or

fluid coking. It consists mainly of carbon (90 to 95%)

and has a low ash content. It is used as a feedstock in

coke ovens for the steel industry, for heating pur-

poses, for electrode manufacture and for production of

chemicals. The two most important qualities are

“green coke” and “calcinated coke.” This category

also includes “catalyst coke” deposited on the catalyst

during refining processes; this coke is not recoverable

and is usually burned as refinery fuel.

Other products

All products not specifically mentioned above, for

example: tar and sulphur. This category also includes

aromatics (e.g. BTX or benzene, toluene and xylene)

and olefins (e.g. propylene) produced within refineries.

Definitions of supply and

consumption items

Please note that a major change in the reporting of the

petrochemical flows took place a few years ago.

Quantities of oil delivered to the petrochemical indus-

try are reported in two parts; the transformation

and industry. The quantities of oil delivered to

the petrochemical industry which are returned to

refineries are reported in the Transformation, subdivi-

sion ‘Petrochemical Industry’. The amounts reported

in the ‘Chemical (incl. Petrochemical)’ are the net

consumption of this industry (i.e. gross deliveries re-

duced by the amounts of backflow).

Indigenous production

This includes all production within national bounda-

ries, including offshore production. Production in-

cludes only marketable production, and excludes vol-

umes returned to formation. Such production concerns

all crude oil, NGL, condensates and other hydrocar-

bons (including the receipts of additives). In the ta-

bles of this publication, indigenous production also

includes “From Other Sources”, which are supplies of

additives, biofuels and other hydrocarbons derived

from other energies, such as coal, natural gas or re-

newables.

Backflows

Backflows cover cracking residues and other products

from the chemical and petrochemical industries,

which are returned to refineries and used as feed-

stocks. Transfers from one refinery to another within

the country are not included.

Direct use

Quantities of crude oil or NGL which are used di-

rectly without being processed in refineries, for ex-

ample crude oil used for electricity generation.

Refinery intake

This is defined as the total amount of inputs to refin-

ery processes. It covers crude oil, NGL, feedstocks

and hydrocarbons of origin other than crude oil and

NGL.

Refinery output (gross)

This is the production of finished products at a refin-

ery or blending plant. This category excludes refinery

losses, but includes refinery fuel.

Transfers

These are finished products which have been reclassi-

fied and re-entered for use in a refinery without hav-

ing been delivered to final consumers. This heading

also covers transfers between products which are re-

classified after blending, for example transfers be-

tween kerosene type jet fuel and kerosene.

Primary product receipts

Covers indigenous or imported crude oil and NGL

which are used directly without being processed in an

oil refinery (for example crude oil used for electricity

generation in Japan). See direct use, above.

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I.10 - OIL INFORMATION (2011 Edition)

Recycled products

These are finished products which are returned

through the refining and/or the marketing network

after delivery to final consumers (for example used

lubricants which are reprocessed).

International marine bunkers

Bunkers cover the quantities of fuels delivered to sea-

going ships of all flags, including warships. Consump-

tion by ships engaged in transport in inland and

coastal waters is not included (see Transport, below).

International aviation bunkers

For the purpose of this publication, international avia-

tion bunkers are included in the transport. When re-

porting TPES (Mtoe) however, the international avia-

tion bunkers have been subtracted as the international

marine bunkers.

Imports and exports

Amounts are regarded as imported or exported when

they have crossed the political boundaries of the coun-

try, whether customs clearance has taken place or not.

Quantities of crude oil imported or exported under

processing agreements (i.e. refining on account) are

included. Quantities of oil in transit are excluded. Im-

ports of refinery feedstocks include imported finished

products destined for blending in refineries (see refin-

ery feedstocks under product definitions). The import

origin of crude oil and NGL is the country of produc-

tion while for finished products, it is the country of

last consignment.

Please note that due to time differences in recording

imports and exports (voyage time, delays, re-routing,

trans-shipment), the reported exports by one country

may not equal the imports reported by importing

countries. Additionally, due to differences in product

classification, particularly regarding refinery feed-

stocks, there may be inconsistencies between imports

and exports. As a result, total imports by the OECD

regions may not equal the OECD regions’ exports.

Net imports

Net imports are calculated to be imports minus exports.

Stock changes

Stock changes reflect the difference between opening

stock level at the first day of the year and closing

stock level at the last day of the year of stocks held on

national territory. A stock build is shown as a negative

number and a stock draw as a positive number.

Statistical difference

National administrations sometimes obtain the data

components of domestic availability from a variety of

sources. Owing to differences in concepts, coverage,

timing and definitions, observed and calculated con-

sumption are often not identical. This is reflected in

statistical differences.

Total consumption

This is the gross observed inland consumption (in-

cluding refinery consumption for oil), before the de-

duction of amounts returned by the petrochemical

industry (backflow).

Closing stocks

Refer to closing stock levels, at the last day of the

year, of stocks held on national territory (including

government controlled stocks).

Transformation

This comprises fuel inputs to both public and private

electricity, combined heat and power plants and heat

plants. An autoproducer is an industrial establishment

which, in addition to its main activities, generates

electricity, wholly or partly for its own use. It includes

railway's own production of electricity. Heat plants

and combined heat and power plants only cover fuel

inputs for that part of the heat which is sold to a third

party. Transformation also comprises fuels used as

feedstocks in gas works, coke ovens, blast furnaces

and the petrochemical industry.

Main activity producer (formerly public) electricity

plants: Includes inputs of oil for the production of

electricity in electricity plants whose primary purpose

is to produce, transmit or distribute electricity.

Autoproducers of electricity: Includes inputs of oil for

the production of electricity by an enterprise which, in

addition to its main activities, generates electricity

wholly or partly for its own use, e.g. industrial estab-

lishments, railways, refineries, etc.

CHP plants: Includes inputs of oil to combined heat

and power plants which generate electricity and useful

heat in a single installation. These could be either

main activity producer (formerly public) CHP plants

or autoproducers. Note that for autoproducer's CHP

plants, all fuel inputs for electricity production are

taken into account, while for heat production, only

that part of inputs to heat which is sold to outsiders

(e.g. to a network) is shown. Fuel inputs for the pro-

duction of heat consumed within the autoproducer's

establishment are not included here. Information on

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OIL INFORMATION (2011 Edition) - I.11

inputs to and outputs from electricity and heat genera-

tion in CHP and heat plants should be used with cau-

tion as a consistent separation of input fuels according

to the type of energy output has not always been pro-

vided. The IEA Secretariat has undertaken a pro-

gramme of estimating the missing data where possible.

Heat plants: Includes inputs of oil to plants which are

designed to produce heat only. Data are available for

both autoproducer and main activity producer (for-

mely public) heat plants. Data for autoproducer heat

plants represent inputs of fuel to plants which sell heat

to a third party under the provisions of a contract.

Petrochemical industry: Includes quantities of back-

flows returned from the petrochemical sector, whether

returned to refineries for further processing/blending

or used directly. It refers to oil products only.

Energy industry own use

Fuels used by energy industries for heating purposes

and for operation of their equipment are reported un-

der this heading as well as transformation and losses.

It includes coal mining and oil and gas extraction (all

activities involved in making oil and gas marketable

up to the point of shipment from the producing area)

as well as transformation industries such as electricity

generating plants, gas works, coke ovens, and petro-

leum refineries (refinery fuels).

Refinery fuel

Includes oil consumed in refineries for the operation

of equipment, heating and light.

Total final consumption

This is the sum of consumption by the different end-

use sectors. Backflows from the petrochemical indus-

try are not included in final consumption.

Transport

This covers oil products to all transport activities re-

gardless of sector.

Aviation: Deliveries of aviation fuels to international

aviation and to all domestic aviation, commercial,

private, agricultural, military, etc. Aviation fuels used

for purposes other than flying are also included,

e.g. bench testing of engines, but not airline use of

fuel for road vehicles.

Road: All oil products for use in road vehicles, includ-

ing agricultural highway use. Excludes motor gasoline

used in stationary engines, and diesel oil for use in

tractors that are not for highway use (included in

Agriculture).

Rail: All quantities used in rail traffic, including in-

dustrial railways.

Domestic navigation: All deliveries to inland water-

ways and coastal shipping, including small craft,

barges and those coasters which are not included in

international marine bunkers.

Pipeline transport: This is all quantities used in sup-

port of the operation of pipelines.

Industry

The following industrial categories are defined with

reference to their ISIC (International Standard Indus-

trial Classification of All Economic Activities) divi-

sion or group number. The ISIC numbers refer to se-

ries M, N

4/Rev.4, United Nations, New York, 2009.

Iron and steel: ISIC group no. 241 and class 2431;

Chemical (incl. Petrochem.): ISIC division 20 and 21.

Petrochemical industry includes cracking and reform-

ing processes for the purpose of producing ethylene,

propylene, butylene, synthesis gas, aromatics, butadi-

ene and other hydrocarbon based raw materials.

Non-ferrous metals: ISIC group no. 242 and class

2432;

Non-metallic minerals: Glass, ceramic, cement and

other building materials industries (ISIC division

no. 23);

Transport equipment: ISIC divisions 29 and 30;

Machinery: Fabricated metal products, machinery and

equipment other than transport equipment (ISIC divi-

sions 25, 26, 27 and 28);

Mining and quarrying: ISIC divisions 07, 08 and

Group 099;

Food, beverages and tobacco: ISIC divisions 10, 11

and 12;

Pulp, paper and printing: ISIC divisions 17 and 18;

Wood and wood products: ISIC division 16;

Construction: ISIC division 41, 42 and 43;

Textiles and leather: ISIC division 13, 14 and 15;

Non-specified: Any manufacturing industry not in-

cluded in the above categories (ISIC divisions 22, 31,

and 32).

Fuels used for production of electricity in the different

industry categories (autoproducers) are included in the

Transformation.

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I.12 - OIL INFORMATION (2011 Edition)

Other

Commerce and public services: ISIC Divisions 33,

36-39, 45-47, 52-53, 55-56,58-66,68-75, 77-82, 84-96

and 99 (excluding Class 8422), 85-88, 90-96 and 99.

Residential: All consumption by households (ISIC

division 97 and 98).

Agriculture (including fishing): This is all consump-

tion by agriculture, fishing (ocean, coastal and inland

fishing), hunting and forestry, including oil consumed

by such users for traction (excluding highway use),

power and heating. ISIC divisions 01, 02 and 03.

Non-specified: All activities not included elsewhere,

e.g. military (except aviation).

Memo items

Quantities reported in these categories are already

included in the above-mentioned consumption sectors.

Non-energy use: This is the total of Chem./petchem.

feedstocks and Other, below.

Chem./petchem. feedstocks: Concerns feedstocks for non-

energy use in the chemical and petrochemical industry.

Other: Oil products used for non-energy purposes in

all other sectors. This is usually the case for all con-

sumption of lubricants, bitumen, white spirit and par-

affin waxes. Petroleum coke is shown as non-energy

use only when there is evidence of such use (for ex-

ample in non-ferrous metals industry).

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OIL INFORMATION (2011 Edition) - I.13

4. SOURCES AND NOTES

Part II

Sources

The annual historical data in Parts III and IV are from

the IEA/OECD energy statistics databases. Please see

below for further information. Data for 2009 and 2010

are subject to revisions as final annual statistics be-

come available.

Annual Oil Statistics (AOS): This database covers

annual data for crude oil, NGL, refinery feedstock and

other hydrocarbons, as well as oil products for OECD

countries. They include data on detailed sup-

ply/demand balances, final consumption by end-use,

trade by origin and destination and stock levels and

changes, all submitted by national administrations in

questionnaires to the Secretariat.

Monthly Oil and Gas Statistics (MOS): The MOS

database is compatible with the AOS database with

the exception of the detailed breakdown of lubricants,

bitumen, paraffin waxes and other products as well as

final consumption data by end-use categories which

are not available in MOS. Data are collected on a

monthly basis from OECD member countries in ques-

tionnaires. MOS data form the basis for the estimates

of the 2010 oil supply elements of OECD countries.

Statistics up to 2009 are from the Annual Oil Statistics

(AOS) database, while oil data for 2010 are mainly

based on the Monthly Oil and Gas Statistics (MOS)

database. These monthly oil data, submitted by mem-

ber governments, are historically lower than the an-

nual statistics as they exclude demand for certain

products (e.g. petroleum coke in certain countries). To

arrive at a comparable time series between AOS and

MOS data, the 2010 monthly data are adjusted up-

wards for the under-reporting. Data for 2010 may

therefore differ from similar statistics published in the

publication Oil, Gas, Coal and Electricity Quarterly

Statistics (MOS data).

Energy Balances: These are annual statistics that

integrate data from the IEA/OECD oil, natural gas,

coal, electricity and renewables databases to provide a

summary of energy supply and demand in a common

unit (millions of tonnes of oil equivalent) for each

OECD country on an annual basis.

Emissions: CO

emissions are calculated from

the IEA Energy Balances, using the default IPCC

methodology and emission factors as described in the

Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines for National Green-

house Gas Inventories.

Energy Statistics and Balances of Non-OECD

Countries:

The database covers supply and demand

balances for all forms of energy for over 100 non-

OECD countries on an annual basis.

Energy Prices and Taxes: These are quarterly statis-

tics for OECD countries and certain non-OECD coun-

tries which cover import and export prices, spot prices

and end-user prices and taxes.

These data are compiled from information contained

in IEA/OECD Energy Prices and Taxes. This publica-

tion provides, on a quarterly basis, detailed country

level data from the IEA price database on import and

export prices for crude oil, steam coal, coking coal

and natural gas; spot prices for crude oil, gasoline,

light fuel oil and heavy fuel oil; and end-user prices

and taxes by consuming sector for oil products, coal,

natural gas and electricity.

More detailed information concerning these prices is

available in the Notes on Definitions in Energy Prices

and Taxes where deviations from the general princi-

ples are explained and supplementary information is

given.

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I.14 - OIL INFORMATION (2011 Edition)

The Crude Oil Spot Prices

are monthly average spot

prices based on Platt's daily quotations. However,

prior to July 1987 for Brent and January 1985 for Du-

bai and WTI, the monthly average prices were calcu-

lated from the weekly averages using various pub-

lished sources. All prices are first month forward sup-

ply, except Brent, which is the dated quotation for

prompt physical cargoes.

The monthly Oil Product Spot Prices

are calculated

from Platt's daily quotations. However, for NW Europe

(Rotterdam), the monthly prices were calculated from

the weekly price average using various published

sources prior to April 1987 for unleaded gasoline, and

January 1985 for HSFO. Prices for NW Europe and US

(New York Harbour), are the average price between

the high and low quote for spot purchases of oil prod-

ucts, barge, FOB. Singapore represents the cargo av-

erage price. All prices exclude end-user taxes.

End-Use Prices are collected quarterly from national

administrations or other relevant bodies and supple-

mented with data from national published sources. In

general, the end-use prices include 1) transport costs

to the consumer; 2) prices actually paid, i.e. net of

rebates; and 3) taxes which have to be paid by the

consumer as part of the transaction and which are not

refundable. This excludes value-added tax paid in

many European countries by industry for all goods

and services. In these cases value-added tax is re-

funded to the customer, usually in the form of a tax

credit. Therefore, it is not shown as part of prices.

Crude Oil Import Costs are taken from a monthly report-

ing system of crude oil costs established between na-

tional administrations and the IEA Secretariat. The im-

port costs, which are expressed as average unit values

(CIF) are recorded at the import stage and are the sum of

cost, insurance and freight, excluding import duties.

Part III

Annual Oil Statistics (AOS): All data are extracted

from the Annual Oil Statistics (AOS) database (see

Sources and Notes for Part II). For definitions see

Product Definitions and Definition of Supply and

Consumption Items.

1. Source: Based on Platt’s unless otherwise specified. Copyright

reproduction without prior written permission from Platt’s. All rights

reserved.

Technical note on Table 1

Indigenous production includes production of crude

oil, NGL and other hydrocarbons of origin

other than crude oil and NGL (see product

definitions above). It also includes “From

Other sources”, which are supplies of addi-

tives, biofuels and other hydrocarbons derived

from other energies, such as coal, natural gas

and renewables.

+ Net imports include imports minus exports (net

imports) of crude oil, NGL, refinery feed-

stocks, other hydrocarbons as well as net im-

ports of refined oil products (see product defi-

nitions above).

- International marine bunkers include refined oil

products used by vessels of all flags (see defi-

nitions of supply and consumption items

above).

+ Stock changes include stock changes (positive

numbers indicate stock withdrawals, negative

numbers indicate additions to stocks) for crude

oil, NGL, refinery feedstocks, other hydrocar-

bons as well as refined oil products (see defini-

tions of supply and consumption items above).

= Total supply = sum of above

Refinery intake

covers inputs of crude oil, NGL,

refinery feedstocks and other hydrocarbons to refiner-

ies (see definitions of supply and consumption items

above).

Refinery output

covers refinery production of oil

products (see definitions of supply and consumption

items above).

- Refinery losses = refinery intake - refinery output.

+ Returns include amounts of backflow returned

from the petrochemical sector. This heading

also includes recycled products which are re-

fined oil products previously sent to consump-

tion and, at a later stage, returned to refineries

(see definitions of supply and consumption

items above).

- Statistical differences include statistical differ-

ences and transfers of oil products (transfers

between products or products returned to refin-

eries after reclassification).

2. Memo items not included in balance.

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OIL INFORMATION (2011 Edition) - I.15

= Total consumption = total demand for oil (sum of

all sector totals outlined below).

Transformation

Transformation covers oil used in the process of trans-

formation of oil to another energy form, e.g. oil into

electricity, heat, etc. (see definitions of supply and

consumption items above).

Energy industry own use

Covers consumption of oil by the energy transforma-

tion industries (for heating, light and operation of

equipment) as well as oil used in oil and gas extrac-

tion, coal mines, and losses (see definitions of supply

and consumption items above).

Transport

This includes all consumption in transport excluding

international marine bunkers, but including international

aviation, lubricants, waxes, etc. used in the transport.

Also includes consumption in support of the operation

of oil and gas pipelines (see definitions of supply and

consumption items above).

Industry

This includes all industrial consumption of oil, includ-

ing consumption of petrochemical feedstocks and

non-fuel uses, such as consumption of lubricants,

waxes, white spirit, bitumen, etc. Industrial consump-

tion of oil for the production of electricity (autopro-

duction) is excluded (see definitions of transforma-

tion, supply and consumption, above).

Other

Includes residential, commercial and public services,

agriculture and other (not specified) use. Consumption

of lubricants, waxes, white spirit, etc. are also in-

cluded (see definitions of supply and consumption

items above and memo on non-energy use below).

Memo: non-energy use

This is split into chem/petchem. feedstocks and other

non-energy use (amounts shown in the memo are

already included in transport, industry and other

sectors).

Memo: Chemical/petchem. feedstocks

This covers oil products used in the chemical and pet-

rochemical industry in processes such as cracking and

reforming, for the purposes of producing ethylene,

propylene, butylene, synthesis gas, aromatics butadiene

and other hydrocarbon-based raw materials.

Memo: Other

This includes non-fuel consumption of oil products

such as lubricants, paraffin waxes, white spirit, bitu-

men and that part of petroleum coke which has not

been used as a fuel.

Tables 2 to 8B

For explanations on the other tables in Part III, please

refer to Product Definitions and Definitions of Supply

and Consumption.

Footnotes to tables of Part III

Table 1:

* Detailed information on this table can be found in the

Sources and Notes chapter.

* The 2010 end use breakdown is not available.

Table 2:

* “Other Hydrocarbons” refer to hydrocarbons of origin oth-

er than crude oil and NGL (see Definitions chapter).

* Separate data for crude oil, NGL, feedstocks and other

hydrocarbons are not available prior to 1978.

* Due to incomplete information, stock changes do not al-

ways correspond to the difference between closing stock

levels.

Tables 3, 4, 5A, 5B, 5C, 6A and 6B:

* Transfers include primary product receipts and backflows

to refineries (see Definitions chapter).

* Due to incomplete information, stock changes do not al-

ways correspond to the difference between closing stock

levels.

Tables 5A, 5B, 5C, 6A and 6B:

* The 2010 end use breakdown is not available.

Tables 5C:

* Total product consumption includes crude oil and NGL

used for direct burn.

Tables 6A and 6B:

* 2010 data for white spirit + SBP, lubricants, bitumen and

paraffin waxes are included in other products.

Table 7A and 8A:

* Feedstocks and Other: Other refers to hydrocarbons of origin

other than crude oil and NGL (see Definitions chapter).

Table 7C and 8B:

* Total gasoline includes aviation gasoline, gasoline type jet

fuel and motor gasoline.

* Total kerosene includes kerosene type jet fuel and other

kerosene.

Table 7D and 8B:

* Other products include white spirit + SBP, lubricants, bi-

tumen, paraffin waxes and other products.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY