Hatch S.N. Computerized engine controls
Подождите немного. Документ загружается.
652 Index
Fuel injector air (FIA) control valve system, 572
Fuel injectors, 446–447, 550, 558–559, 572
Fuel pressure pulsation damper, 518–519
Fuel pressure regulator, 109, 258, 401, 447,
491, 529
Fuel pressure test, 330
Fuel pump, 400
Fuel pump circuit, 559–560, 572
Fuel pump control, 261–262
Fuel pump feedback circuit, 347
Fuel pump operation, 347
Fuel pump pressure, 552
Fuel pump relay, 401, 445, 529–530
Fuel pump relay and fuel pump control
module, 551
Fuel pump test lead, 330
Fuel pump voltage signal, 256
Fuel supply system, 292–295, 400
Fuel tank, 593
Fuel temperature sensor, 550–551
Fuel trim, 113–114, 249, 330–332
Fuel trim compensation factor, 542
Fuel trim monitor, 219
Functional tests, 138
G
Gallium arsenate crystal, 86
Gas analyzers, 181, 192–194
General Motors’ advanced engine controls
accessory power outlets, 364
background noise, 348
Cadillac HFV6, 357
Cadillac LH2 Northstar upgrades, 353–354
Cadillac XLR keyless access system, 356
catalytic converter efficiency test, 352
close-coupled catalytic converters, 354
crankshaft position (CKP) sensor signal, 342
crankshaft position (CKP) sensors, 349
diagnosis and service, 368
displacement on demand (DOD), 337, 360–362
dual spray fuel injectors, 347
EEPROM, 353
electronic throttle control (ETC), 337, 359–360
engine coolant temp fuel disable, 347
engine coolant temperature sensor, 344–345
engine metal overtemp mode, 347, 369
evaporative emission test, 352
exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), 352
fuel pump feedback circuit, 347
GM 42-volt Hybrid Silverado, 362–364
GM Generation Smallblock V8S, 342–343
GM Smallblock V8 overview, 357–360
GM voice recognition/navigational system, 368
heated oxygen sensor, 346–347
hot wire airflow sensor, 342
idle air control system, 352–353
ignition coils, 349
ignition control module, 342, 349
intake air temperature sensors, 343
knock sensor (KS) circuit, 348
manifold absolute pressure sensor, 343
mass airflow (MAF) sensor, 342
misfire detection, 347
Northstar engine overview, 338–342
pass-key decoder module, 353
PCM self-test and memory test, 353
power steering pressure switch, 353
primary oxygen sensors, 352
quad drivers/output drivers, 340–342
regenerative braking, 367
sensor reference voltage, 340
throttle position sensor (TPS) 355
torque management, 340
traction control, 341
variable valve timing (VVT), 337, 354–355
waste spark, 342
General Motors’ electronic fuel injection
assembly line communications link (ALCL), 247
assembly line data link (ALDL), 247
block learn, 249–250
calculation packet (CALPAK), 249
canister purge, 276
catalytic converter, 273
clear flood, 251
computer command control system (CCC)
system, 247
cranking mode, 251
detonation, 265
diagnosis and service
approach to, 281
behavior in diagnostics, 281
clearing memory, 280
Copyright 2009 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.
Licensed to:
iChapters User
Index 653
diagnostic circuit check, 281, 282
diagnostic memory, 279
erased learned ability, 285
field service mode, 281
intermittent faults, 280
PCM and PROM service, 283
self-diagnosis, 279–280
surging complaints, 284
vacuum leaks, 285
weather-pack connectors, 283–284
early fuel evaporation (EFE) systems, 273
EGR, 274
EGR chuggle, 284
idle air bypass circuit, 257
ignition crank position, 256
ignition switch, 255
inputs
air-conditioning (A/C) switch, 256
detonation (knock) sensor, 254
distributor reference pulse (REF), 253
engine coolant temperature (ECT) sensor, 252
fuel pump voltage signal, 256
manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor, 252
oxygen sensor, 253
park/neutral (P/N) switch, 255
throttle position throttle position sensor
(TPS) sensor (TPS), 253
transmission switches, 256
vehicle speed sensor (VSS), 255
keep-alive memory (KAM), 250
knock, 264
light-emitting diode (LED), 255–256
module mode, 263
nonsynchronized mode, 250
operating modes, 250–252
outputs
air-conditioning (A/C) relay, 272–273
cooling fan control, 272
electronic spark control (ESC), 264–265
electronic spark timing (EST), 262–264
emission controls, 273–274
fuel pressure regulator, 258–259
fuel pump control, 261–262
hood louver control, 272
idle air control (IAC), 261
injector assembly, 257
throttle body injection (TBI) unit, 256–257
torque converter clutch (TCC), 265–269
pickup coil, 254
powertrain control module (PCM), 248–250
pre-ignition, 265
semiclosed loop, 251
service engine soon light, 277
synchronized mode, 250
TBI, 258
General Motors: Port Fuel Injection
acceleration mode, 292
battery voltage correction mode, 292
Block Learn, 330
body control module (BCM) circuit, 306–307
clear flood mode, 291
computer-controlled coil ignition (C31), 289
crank 3x sensor, 301
cranking signal, 306
deceleration mode, 292
diagnosis and service, 272
3.8-liter turbo (SFI) injector leads, 275
diagnostic circuit check, 330
fuel flex hose, 333
fuel line O-rings, 333
fuel pressure test, 330
fuel pump test lead, 330
fuel trim, 330–332
IAC assembly, 332, 333
injector balance test, 330
injector O-rings, 333
minimum idle speed adjustment, 333
PCM, PROM, and CALPAK service, 332
self-diagnosis, 328
TCC test lead, 330
TPS adjustment, 333
weather-pack connectors, 332
features, 291
fuel cutoff mode, 292
fuel pressure test, 330
fuel pump test lead, 330
fuel supply system, 292–295
inputs
air-conditioning (A/C) switch, 306
body control module (BCM) 800 circuit,
306–307
C31 system, 299
Copyright 2009 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.
Licensed to:
iChapters User
654 Index
General Motors: Port Fuel Injection (continued)
cranking signal, 306
cruise control, 307
detonation sensor, 305
EGR diagnostic switch, 305
engine coolant temperature (ECT) sensor, 296
GM’s Opti-Spark distributor, 303–304
high-pressure cutout switch, 306
intake air temperature (ATI) sensor, 298
mass airflow (MAF) sensor, 296
oxygen sensor, 305
park/neutral (P/N) switch, 305
power steering (P/S) switch, 306
pressure cycling switch, 306
reference pulse (REF), 292
system voltage/fuel pump voltage, 306
throttle position sensor (TPS), 298
transmission switches, 306
vehicle speed sensor (VSS), 305
integrated direct ignition, 315
integrated EGR valve, 323
integrator, 330
keep-alive memory (KAM), 290
linear EGR valve, 325
longitudinal engines, 327
non-PCM emission controls, 296
operating modes, 291–292
Opti-spark distributor, 303–304
outputs
air injection reaction (AIR) system, 318
air management valve designs, 320–321
air-conditioning (A/C) control, 328
central multiport fuel injection (CMFI), 310
central port fuel injection systems, 310–311
central sequential fuel injection (CSFI), 312
charcoal canister purge, 325–326
cold-start injector, 308–310, 311
electric fuel pump, 310
electronic cooling fan, 327–328
electronic spark control (ESC), 317–318
electronic spark timing (EST)/distributorless
ignition systems, 313–317
exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), 321–325
idle air control (IAC), 318
injectors, 295, 308–309
multec injector, 307, 310
pulsair system, 321
thermo-time switch, 309
transmission converter clutch (TCC), 327
turbocharger, 326–328
oxygen sensor, 305
powertrain control module (PCM), 290
pulsair shutoff valve, 321
run mode, 291–292
starting mode, 291
Thermac, 290
throttle body, 295–296
vehicle control module (VCM), 291
Generic electronic module (GEM), 462
GM’s Opti-Spark distributor, 303–304
Grade logic control, 589–590
Grams per mile (gpm), 194
Gross leak test, 224
Grounded shield, 120
H
Hall effect, 86–89, 164, 472
Hard fault diagnosis, 606
Hard faults, 136
Hard wiring, 232
HC production, 68
Header, 239
Heat sink, 34
Heated oxygen sensor, 346–347, 443–444,
556, 568
Hertz (Hz), 91
Hexadecimal numbering system, 208
High-impedance digital volt-ohmmeter (DVOM), 90
High-impedance test lights, 156
High-pressure cutout switch, 306
High-pressure fuel injector, 104
High-voltage (HV) battery, 588, 590
High-voltage cables, 591
Hole flow, 26
Home Energy Station (HES), 598–599
Honda
Accord hybrid, 589–590
Civic hybrid, 588–589
continuously variable transmission
(CVT), 587
grade logic control, 589–590
Honda FCX, 598–599
Copyright 2009 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.
Licensed to:
iChapters User
Index 655
Insight, 588
integrated motor assist (IMA), 587–588
variable cylinder management (VCM)
system, 580
Honda FCX, 598–599
Hood louver control, 272
Hot wire airflow sensor, 342
Hybrid electronic control unit (ECU), 592
I
IAC assembly, 261, 318
IACV-AAC valve and IACV-FICD solenoid
valve, 550–551
Idle air bypass circuit, 257
Idle air bypass valve solenoid, 415–416
Idle air control (IAC), 261, 318
Idle air control system, 352–353, 561, 572–573
Idle air control valve, 448–449
Idle speed control (ISC), 61–62, 115–116,
258–261, 414–416, 532
Idle test, 194
Idle tracking switch, 395
Ignition coil power transistor, 552
Ignition coils, 116–117, 349, 494–496,
561–562, 573
Ignition control module, 342, 349
Ignition crank position, 256
Ignition diagnostic monitor, 390
Ignition module and PCM overview, 121–122
Ignition pickups: coil-at-plug applications, 571
Ignition pickups: early distributor applications, 570
Ignition pickups: newer distributor
applications, 571
Ignition switch, 255, 399, 547
Ignition system
crankshaft position (CKP) sensor, 119, 120, 121
diagnosis of CKP and CMP sensor signals, 122
distributor ignition, 117
electronic ignition, 117
ignition coil design and operation, 116–117
ignition module and PCM overview, 121–122
primary ignition system levels of information,
118–119
primary ignition system sensors, 119–121
secondary ignition system types, 117–118
waste spark system, 117
Ignition timing, 493–494, 530–531
Ignition timing retard, 225
IM240 test, 194, 195
In-line canister purge (CANP) solenoid, 418
Inductive pickup, 483
Inertia switch, 402, 445–446
Inferred mileage sensor, 398
Information gathering process, 605
Initial starting, 592
Injector assembly, 257–258
Injector balance test, 330
Injector O-rings, 285
Injectors, 295, 307–309, 489–490, 527–528
Inputs, 381–399
Inspection/maintenance test (I/M) test, 194
Instrument panel display dimming, 278
Intake air temperature (IAT) sensor, 298,
343–344, 442, 479, 548, 570
Intake manifold runner control (IMRC), 458
Integrated circuits (ICs), 37
Integrated direct ignition, 299
Integrated EGR valve, 323
Integrated motor assist (IMA), 587–588
Integrated vehicle speed control (IVSC), 427
Integrator, 330
Intelligent architecture, 464
Interface, 50
Intermittent faults, 136, 280
Intrusive test, 217
Inverter, 591
IVSC speed control system performance code
pulling procedures, 436
J
J1850 VPW data bus, communication on,
238–239
K
Keep-alive memory (KAM), 51, 53, 250, 290
Key on, engine off (KOEO), 137, 430
Key on, engine running (KOER), 137, 430,
432–433
Kilobyte, 234
Knock, 254
Knock sensor (KS), 90, 254, 398, 444, 489, 526,
548, 557, 570
Copyright 2009 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.
Licensed to:
iChapters User
656 Index
Knock sensor (KS) circuit, 348
Knock sensor (KS) response, 414
KOEO self-test and pulling continuous memory
codes, 430–432
KOER self-test, 432–433
L
Lab scopes, 166, 243–244
Large leak test, 224
Light-emitting diode (LED), 89, 255
Limited operational strategy (LOS), 377
Limp-in mode, 477
Line of force, 6–7
Linear air/fuel (LAF) sensor, 568–570
Linear EGR valve, 325
Logic module/power module, 472–474
Logic probes, 155–156
Long-term fuel trim (LTFT), 113, 330
Longitudinal engines, 327
Loop configuration, 235
Low-pressure fuel injector, 104
M
Magnetic field, 6
Magnetic field distortion, 7
Magnetic induction, 10–11
Magnetic interference, 501
Magnetic sensors, 85–86
Magnetism
amperage, 11
coulomb, 11
electromagnets, 7–8
electromotive force, 11
flux, magnetic, 6
line of force, 6–7
magnetic field, 6
magnetic field distortion, 7
magnetic induction, 10–11
motors, 8–10
Ohm’s law, 12–14
permeability, 6
reluctance, 6
resistance, 11–12
voltage, 11
voltage drop, 12
voltage loss, 12
Malfunction indicator lamp, 552
Malfunction indicator light, 202, 428, 500
Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor, 80,
252–253, 343, 382–384, 477–478, 568
MAP/BP relocation, 438
Mass airflow (MAF) sensor, 82, 83, 296–298,
342–343, 482, 556
Master slave, 232
Megabyte, 234
Memories, 50
Memory, 50
Memory DTCs, 106
Mental flowchart, 578
MG1, 565
MG2, 564
Microprocessors, 30
Minimum airflow rate, 115
Minimum idle speed adjustment, 333
Misfire detection, 218, 347–348
Misfire monitor, 218–219
Mixture ratio self-learning, 542
Modulated displacement, 280–281
Modulator strategy, 376–377
Module mode, 263
Molecules, 3
Motor frame, 9
Motor/generator (MG), 585
Motors, 8–10
Motronic test section, 536
MPG lean cruise, 376
Multec injector, 307–310
Multi-displacement system (MDS), 502–504
Multiplexing (MUX)
active voltage, 238–239
arbitration, 238
data bus configuration, 235–236
end of data pulse (EOD), 239
hard wiring, 232
J1850 VPW data bus, communication on,
238–239
lab scopes, 243–244
loop configuration, 235
multiplex communication, 234
passive voltage, 238–239
protocols, 236–238
pulse-width modulated (PWM), 234–235
Copyright 2009 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.
Licensed to:
iChapters User
Index 657
scan tools, 243
single-wire data bus, 234
smart devices, 241–242
star configuration, 235
two-wire data bus, 234
uses of, 233–234
variable pulse width (VPW), 234–235
Multiplexing (MUX) systems, 500–501
Multipoint injection (MPI), 106–107
Multipoint system (MPI), 471
N
Negative ion, 5
Negative temperature coefficient, 22
No-load emissions test, 195
Node, 232
Non-PCM emission controls, 296
Non-powered test lights, 154–155
Non-synchronized mode, 250
Nontoxic gases, 186
Normally closed (N/C), 94
Normally open (N/O), 94
Nucleus, 4
O
OBD II EGR monitoring strategy, 498
Octane adjustment, 414
Octane rod adjustment, 407
Ohm’s law, 6, 12–14
Ohmmeter, 164
Onboard computer, 606
Onboard refueling vapor recovery (ORVR)
system, 224–225
On-demand DTC, 137–138
Open circuit, 20
Open loop, 66, 476
Opti-spark distributor, 303–304
Optical distributor, 483–485
Optical sensors, 89–90
Outer shell, 4
Output state check, 434
Oxygen sensor, 99, 253, 305, 478
Oxygen sensor (lambda sensor), 525–526
Oxygen sensor heater monitor, 220
Oxygen sensor heaters, 552–553
Oxygen sensor monitor, 219–220
P
Palladium, 123
Parallel circuits, 17
Parallel hybrid, 586
Park/neutral (P/N) switch, 255–56, 305,
489, 547
Partial misfire, 186
Partial saturation, 33
Pass-key decoder module, 353
Passive voltage, 238
PCM control of air/fuel ratio, 608–609
PCM self-test and memory test, 353
PCM, PROM, and CALPAK service, 332
Peak and hold injections, 105
Pentavalent atoms, 22
Permanent magnet field motors, 96
Permeability, 6
Pickup coil, 254
Piezoelectric, 91
Piezoresistive, 79
Pinpoint testing, 139–144, 436–438, 609–610
Planetary gear set, 591–92
Platinum, 123
PN junctions, 25–26, 34
Polarity, 4, 20
Portable exhaust gas analyzer, 192
Positive crankcase ventilation,125–126
Positive ion, 5
Potential, 5
Potentiometers, 78–79
Power relay, 379–381
Power steering (P/S) switch, 306
Power steering oil pressure switch, 549
Power steering pressure switch, 353, 399, 444
Power transistor, 2, 33
Powertrain control module (PCM), 61, 248–250,
290–291, 376, 442, 472–477
Prediagnostic inspection, 67
Preignition, 265
Pressure absolute (PA) sensor, 568
Pressure cycling switch, 306
Pressure feedback EGR (PFE), 451
Pressure sensors, 79–82, 381–384
Primary ignition system levels of information,
118–119
Primary ignition system sensors, 119–121
Copyright 2009 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.
Licensed to:
iChapters User
658 Index
Primary oxygen sensors, 347
Primer function, 476
Profile ignition pickup sensor, 386–388
Programmable communication interface
(PCI), 501
Programmable read-only memory (PROM), 51
Programmed ride control, 427
Propagation, 275
Protocols, 236–238
Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM), 597
Pull-down circuit, 91
Pull-up circuit, 91
Pulsair shutoff valve, 321
Pulsair system, 321
Pulse-width, 94
Pulse width modulated (PWM), 234
Pulsed injection systems, 512, 516–518
Q
Quad drivers/output drivers, 340
R
Radiator fan relay, 498
Random-access memory (RAM), 50, 52–53
Range-switching sensor, 78
Range-switching temperature sensor,
479–480
Read-only memory (ROM), 50, 51
Rear electronic module (REM), 462
Rear heated oxygen sensor, 550
Reference (crankshaft position) sensor, 524
Reference pulse (REF), 299–303
Regenerative braking, 362, 585, 592–593
Relays, 94–95
Reluctance, 6
Reluctor, 301
Resistance, 11–12
Return-type fuel injection system, 109–111,
445–447
Returnless fuel injection systems, 111–112
Returnless fuel system, 491
Revised boost control, 497
Rhodium, 123, 124
Rotary idle control valve, 532
Run, 251
Rutherford atom, 4
S
Scan tools, 149–152, 208–209, 243
Scanner, 149–152
Schmitt trigger, 87
Secondary air (AIR) monitor, 224
Secondary air injection, 450–451
Secondary air injection system, 127
Secondary ignition system types, 117–118
SEFI cylinder balance test, 434–435
Self-test, 137
Self-test connector, 429–430
Self-test output, 430
Semiclosed loop, 251–252
Semiconductors, 14, 22
Semi-returnless fuel system, 491–492
Sensing devices
air mass, measuring, 82–85
detonation sensors, 90–91
E-cells, 91–93
exhaust oxygen sensors, 74–76
Hall effect switch, 86–89
magnetic sensors, 85–86
optical sensors, 89–90
potentiometers, 78–79
pressure sensors, 79–82
switches, 91
thermistors, 77–78
Sensor reference voltage, 340
Sequential electronic fuel injection, 400
Sequential fuel injection (SFI), 107, 490
Sequential multipoint injection (SMPI), 107
Serial data, 38, 232
Series circuits, 16–17
Series hybrid, 586
Series string in parallel, 20
Series-parallel circuits, 19
Service engine soon light, 277
Setting DTCs, 214–215
Shift light indicator, 426–427
Short to ground, 22
Short to positive, 22
Short-term fuel trim (STFT), 113–114
Shorts, 21–22
Signal return (SIG RTN), 429
Silicon diaphragm pressure sensor, 80
Single-board engine controller (SBEC), 474–475
Copyright 2009 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.
Licensed to:
iChapters User
Index 659
Single-module engine control (SMEC), 474
Single-point injection, 106
Single-wire data bus, 234
Slave computers, 232
Slow codes, 428–429
Small leak test, 224
Smart devices, 241–242
SMEC/SBEC-controlled cruise control, 500
Snapshot, 216
Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 202
Soft fault diagnosis, 613
Soft faults, 135–136
Solenoid, 9, 93–94
Spark knock control, 531
Spark output, 404–406
Specific engine data, 227
Speed control command switches (SCCS), 232
Speed density formula, 80–81, 394, 568
Split port induction (SPI) system, 458
Square wave signals, 47
Standard fuel injectors, 104–105
Standard protocol, 204
Standardization, 204–212
Star configuration, 235
Star Tester, 428
Start-stop control, 535
Starter signal, 526
Stepper motors, 72, 95–96
Stoichiometric air/fuel ratio, 61
Super Star II Tester, 428
Supplemental restraint system (SRS), 565
Surging complaints, 284–285
Switch inputs, 489
Switches, 91
Switching transistors, 34
Symptom verification, 606
Synchronized mode, 250
System voltage/fuel pump voltage, 306
T
TBI, 256–257
TCC test lead, 330
Technical service bulletins (TSBs), 610
Technician attitude, role of, 66
Temperature-sensing circuit, 77
Test ID (TID), 211
Thermac, 290
Thermactor air management, 416–417
Thermistors, 77–78
Thermo-time switch, 309
Thermostatic air cleaner, 126
Thick film integrated ignition system (TFI-IV),
403–406
Throttle body, 295–296
Throttle body backup (TBB), 249
Throttle body injection (TBI), 106, 247, 256–257
Throttle body temperature sensor, 479
Throttle bypass air, 115
Throttle kicker, 414–415
Throttle plate position controller (TPPC), 456
Throttle position (TP) sensor, 547
Throttle position sensor (TPS), 253, 298–299,
345–346, 384–385, 442, 478, 547, 557
Throttle valve switch, 524–525
TMAP sensor, 481
TMAP strategy, 481–482
Top speed limiting, 427
Torque converter clutch (TCC), 265–269
Torque converter clutch control, 422–425
Torque converter lockup clutch, 397, 499–500
Torque management, 340–341
Toyota Hybrid System (THS)
INZ-FXE 1.5-liter gasoline engine with
VVT-i, 591
auxiliary battery, 590–591
converter, 591
electronic throttle control (ETC), 593
fuel economy, 593
fuel tank, 593
high-voltage (HV) battery, 590
high-voltage cables, 591
hybrid electronic control unit (ECU), 592
initial starting, 592
inverter, 591
MG1, 591
MG2, 591
planetary gear set, 591–592
regenerative braking, 592–593
second-generation Toyota hybrid system
(THS-II), 593–594
Toyota Highlander Hybrid, 594
Toyota Prius, 590
Copyright 2009 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.
Licensed to:
iChapters User
660 Index
TPS adjustment, 333
Traction control, 341–342
Transistor symbols, 34–36
Transistors, 31–34
Transmission converter clutch (TCC), 327
Transmission switches, 256, 306, 395–398
Trigger characteristics, 170–171
Trigger delay, 170
Trigger level, 170
Trigger slope, 170
Trigger source, 170–171
Trip, 212
Trivalent atoms, 24
Turbo boost control, 532–533
Turbocharger, 326
Turbocharger boost control, 62
Turbocharger boost control solenoid, 425
Twisted pair, 234
Two-way exhaust control, 564
Two-wire data bus, 234
U
UL/CSA listing, 180
Unbiased transistors, 38
V
Vacuum leaks, 97, 285
Valence ring, 4
Vane air temperature sensor, 394
Vane airflow sensor, 394
Vane meter, 393–394
Variable cam timing (VCT), 455
Variable cylinder management (VCM) system,
580–581
Variable pulse width (VPW), 38–39, 235
Variable valve timing (VVT), 130, 337, 354–355
Variable valve timing and lift electronic control
(VTEC), 575–576
Variable valve timing with intelligence (VVT-i),
563–564
Vehicle control module (VCM), 291
Vehicle maximum speed governor, 500
Vehicle speed sensor (VSS), 255, 305, 398,
444, 487–488, 549–550
Vertical waveform position, 168
Viscous converter clutch (VCC), 269–270
Visual inspection, 606
Voice recognition/navigational systems, 462–463
Volatile RAM, 51, 53
Volatility, 110
Voltage, 11
Voltage drop, 12
Voltage-drop test, 136
Voltage loss, 12
Voltage over time, 166
Voltage signal, 47
Voltage source, 12, 14
Volumetric efficiency, 81
W
Warm-up cycle, 212
Waste spark, 117, 342, 389
Waste spark ignition, 485
Wastegate, 326, 327
Wastegate control solenoid, 496–497
Weather-pack connectors, 283–284, 332
Wide-open throttle (WOT), 61, 79
Wide-open throttle (WOT) A/C cutout relay, 425
Z
Zener diode, 28
Zirconium dioxide, 74
Copyright 2009 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.