Гринько О.В. Англійська мова, навчальний посібник

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6. Застосуйте Present Perfect зі словами just, already або yet.

1. We are going to the cinema to see “A missed call”. Are you with

us?

No, I (see)___________________________________that film.

2. Can I speаk to Jane, please? — I’m afraid she’s not in. She (go)

_______________________________.

3. Have the manager (go) ________________? No, not ________

__________.

4. Don’t forget to collect the mail. I _______________________.

5. Has Jimmy been here long? No, he (come) _________________

__________.

6. Tell Margaret to do the washing up. She (do) _______________

__________.

7. Is your friend here ________________? Yes, he (arrive) _____

__________.

8. Mike has bought a new car, but he (drive)__________________

__________it _______________.

Результат:

Правильний варіант прислівника — 1 бал

Правильна видо-часова форма — 1 бал

Разом балів (з 20) _________

7. Використавши наведені фрази, скажіть, коли трапилась

подія.

• after the breakfast • a few days ago • a week ago

• when I came home

1. Jane (leave) _______________ for home __________________

__________.

2. Jimmy (arrive) ______________________________________

__________.

3. Sam (do) ____________the washing up ___________________

__________.

4. I (speak /on the phone)________________________________

__________.

5. Sue (cook/ the meal) __________________________________

__________.

Результат:

Правильна видо-часова форма — 1 бал

Правильний порядок слів — 1 бал

Разом балів (з 10) _________

162

8. Поставте запитання зі слів, що в дужках. Пам’ятайте

про допоміжні дієслова та дайте відповідь на запитання. Пе-

рекладіть.

1. (you/ ever/ ride a horse?) ______________________________

_______________________________________________________

2. (Peter / ever / loose/ the keys?) _________________________

_______________________________________________________

3. (you/ ever/jump/with/ parachute?) ______________________

_______________________________________________________

4. (you / ever/ speak / English over the phone?) _______________

_______________________________________________________

5. (they /ever/ write / a letter / in English?) _________________

_______________________________________________________

Результат:

Правильна видо-часова форма — 1 бал

Правильний порядок слів — 1 бал

Правильний переклад — 1 бал

Разом балів (з 15) _______

Пам’ятайте

Present Perfect часто вживають після прикметника в

найвищому ступені, тоді, як смислове дієслово — у теперішньому

простому часі (the Present Tense). The Рresent Perfect вживають

також у таких словосполученнях: this is the first (second etc.)

time..., it’s the first (second etc.) time...

Trinity is flying to Mexico today.

This is the first time she’s been on a plane. = She has never been

on a plane before.

Is this the first time you have ridden a horse?

I think it’s the second time you’ve missed the train.

163

That’s the best song I’ve ever heard.

It’s the least interesting book I’ve ever read.

That is the funniest concert I have ever been to. = I have never

been to such a funny concert.

9. Дайте відповідь на запитання, використавши слово в

дужках у потрібній видо-часовій формі.

1. Is Nepal interesting? (visit) Yes, it’s the most interesting coun-

try I’ve ever visited.

2. Is the movie exciting? (see) Yes, it’s one of the _____________

______________________________________________________

_______________________

3. Is this exercise easy? (do) Yes, it’s one of the easiest _________

______________________________________________________

_______________________

4. Is that car fast? (drive) Yes, it’s the ______________________

______________________________________________________

______________________

5. Is the Louvre a big museum? (be to) Yes, it’s _______________

______________________________________________________

_______________________

6. Is Everest high? (climb) Yes, it’s ________________________

______________________________________________________

_______________________

Результат:

Правильна видо-часова форма — 1 бал

Правильна форма прикметника — 1 бал

Разом балів (з 10) ______

10. Впишіть слово, якого не вистачає.

1. I _______________ cooked something special. Come and try it.

2. Which is the most interesting country you _____________ ever

visited?

3. __________________________ you ever watched the sunrise?

4. __________________________ you see Bonny when she was

here?

5. I don’t think I have ___________________ seen Nick so happy.

6. When ______________________________ you last see Diane?

7. Paul is _______________ of the most intelligent people I ____

___________ ever met.

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8. ___________________________Richard phoned you recently?

9. I haven’t seen you______________________ages.

10. Have you _________________________ come in or have you

__________________________ here for a long time?

11. ______________________________ever been to Moscow?

12. Genifer has ______________________________to Poland.

13. Nick hasn’t ____________________________tried sussi.

Результат:

Правильне слово — 1 бал

Разом балів (з 15) _______

Зверніть увагу

Відмінність між gone to та been to полягає в тому, де перебуває

людина, яка говорить:

Gone to означає, що людина відсутня (тобто там).

Been to означає, що людина вже повернулась (тобто тут).

My chief has gone to London on business. He’ll be back next week.

I have been to London, Paris and Rome. I liked them.

Ann has gone out. Would you like to leave her a message?

The dog has been out. We came back a few minutes ago.

Ця відмінність у значенні існує лише у стверджувальних

реченнях.

Якщо це запитання або заперечення, то відмінність неістот-

на.

Willy hasn’t gone to school today. = He hasn’t been to school to-

day.

Have you been to a new shopping center? = Have you gone to a new

shopping center?

11. Впишіть go або be у теперішньому перфектному часі.

1.________________ you ever ________________to Spain?

2. Fiona _____________ to the supermarket. She won’t be long.

3. I _____________ already ___________ to the shops. I’ve

bought everything I need.

4. Our friends _____________ just ______________ out. They

will be back in a week.

5. He_____________________ almost everywhere. He always

tells me stories.

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6. But he _______________ never ______________to the South

Pole.

7. Where is Robert? He______________ just ______________

out.

8._____________your friend _______________almost every-

where?

Результат:

Правильна видо-часова форма — 1 бал

Правильне дієслово — 1 бал

Разом балів (з 16) _____

Запам’ятайте

У теперішньому перфектному часі вживають since (з) або for

(упродовж, протягом), коли хочуть вказати на тривалість дії,

що почалась у минулому та/ або щойно завершилась чи триває.

Since майже ніколи не вживається у минулому простому часі.

For може вживатись у минулому простому часі.

I’ve known Andrew since 1990.

I’ve known him for 16 years.

We worked together for 10 years.

12. Перекладіть.

1. Де ти був? __________________________________________

2. 100 років тебе не бачив! _______________________________

3. Яким вітром? _______________________________________

4. Я знаю його з дитинства. ______________________________

_______________________________________________________

5. Чув новину? ________________________________________

6. Що трапилось? ______________________________________

7. Давно не бачилися. __________________________________

8. Ми знайомі? ________________________________________

9. Ви вже колись бували в Києві? _________________________

_______________________________________________________

10. Я ніколи не був у Непалі. ____________________________

_______________________________________________________

Результат:

Правильний порядок слів — 1 бал

Правильна видо-часова форма — 1 бал

Правильний артикль, прийменник, прислівник — 1 бал

Разом балів (з 30) ______

166

13. Впишіть слово, якого не вистачає.

Dear Catherine,

I (1)____________ been here, in L’viv, for two days and I (2) ____

____________ having (3) _______________wonderful time. This

(4) _____________ the first time I (5) _________________ gone

abroad on my own, and I was a little worried about it at first. (6) ___

___________ I first arrived on Sunday, I (7) _____________ like it

at all. The hotel (8)_____________ found was small and dark and ev-

erything around іt looked (9)_______________ same. But as soon

(10)_________________ I started walking around the streets, I saw

what (11)_______________ interesting place this is. I (12)________

_____ visited three museums so far. They (13)_______________

very interesting. You know, I don’t usually like visiting museums,

but these three (14)_______________ very special. In fact, they

(15)_____________ changed the way I feel (16) ______________

museums and folk art in general. I (17)_______________ have time

to write more (18)______________ the moment. I’ll (19)_________

_______ you everything when you come.

I’m looking (20)______________to seeing you soon.

Love,

George

Результат:

Правильне слово — 1 бал

Разом балів (з 20) ________

Порівняйте

George has been in Ukraine for two days. = He came to L’viv two

days ago (on Sunday) and he’s still there.

When did he come to L’viv? = How long has he been there?

George hasn’t seen Catherine for a couple of days. = He last saw

Catherine two days ago.

He hasn’t written for two days. = He wrote her two days later since

he came. The last time he wrote was on Tuesday.

I haven’t been to L’viv since 2004. = I last was in L’viv in 2004. =

The last time I went to L’viv was in 2004.

167

14. Виберіть з двох варіантів найближче до основного за

змістом речення.

1. I have visited almost all regions in Ukraine up to now.

a. I was in almost all regions.

b. I’ve been to almost all regions so far.

2. I started on my jorney a month ago.

a. I have been on the jorney for a month.

b. I arrived a month ago.

3. They have been out since Wednsday.

a. They came back from their holiday last Wednsday.

b. They went on their holiday on Wednsday.

4. How long have you lived in this appartment?

a. When did you live in this appartment?

b. When did you move to this appartment?

5. When did you last have a party?

a. How long haven’t you had a party?

b. How long have you had parties?

6. This is the first time he has been on a plane.

a. He has never been on a plane before.

b. He went by plane for the first time.

7. They have gone.

a. They went home.

b. They are not here.

8. I haven’t seen such a beautiful garden.

a. This is the first time I’ve seen such a beautiful garden.

b. I’ve never been to a garden.

9. When did you first meet Mrs. Smith?

a. When did you first see Mrs. Smith?

b. How long have you known Mrs. Smith?

10. Ali’s been here for over fifteen years.

a. He came to Kyiv over fifteen years ago.

b. Ali lives in Kyiv.

Результат:

Правильний варіант — 1 бал

Разом балів (з 10) _________

168

15. Перепишіть речення, не змінюючи змісту.

1. They last saw each other fifteen years ago.

_______________________________________________________

2. He arrived in L’viv a week ago. (be)

_______________________________________________________

3. The last time my father smoked a sigarette was twenty years

ago.

_______________________________________________________

4. When did George arrive in Ukraine?

How long _____________________________________________

5. This is the first time I have been on a plane. (never)

_______________________________________________________

6. Jakie has been out for two hours. (ago)

_______________________________________________________

7. When did George last see Catherine?

How long ____________________________________________?

8. Victor hasn’t been to Kyiv since 1997

The last time __________________________________________

9. Mr. Brown’s gone out.

_______________________________________________________

10. I haven’t seen Sue since morning.

I last ________________________________________________

Результат:

Правильна видо-часова форма дієслова — 1 бал

Правильний порядок слів — 1 бал

Разом балів (з 20) _______

16. Прочитайте жарт та перекажіть його.

Author — “Have you read my new book?”

Friend — “Yes, I have.”

Author — “What do you think of it?”

Friend — “Well, to be candid with you, I think the covers are too

far apart.”

169

17. Теперішній перфектний тривалий час

The Present Perfect Continuous

The Present Perfect Continuous відрізняється від простого

теперішнього перфектного часу тим, що те, про що йдеться, ще

триває. Той, хто говорить, наголошує саме на тривалості дії

(how long?). Пам’ятайте, що тривалість поширюється лише на

дієслова, що означають дію.

Розповіднi речення

Affirmatives

I / we / you / they / plural nouns have been V (verb) + ing

He /she / it / singular noun has been V + ing

I have been learning English for a year.

_______________________________________________________

I have been living in Kyiv since my childhood.

_______________________________________________________

Nick has been working for IBM company for six years.

_______________________________________________________

It has been raining all day.

_______________________________________________________

Jack has been waiting for over an hour.

_______________________________________________________

I’ve been working since 8 o’clock. I need a break.

_______________________________________________________

The Present Perfect Continuous вживають також для

відображення дії, яка щойно завершилась, але має безпосередній

результат на цей момент.

My hands are wet. I have been doing the washing up.

_______________________________________________________

I can’t breathe. I have been running.

_______________________________________________________

You’ve been smoking again. I can smell the smoke.

_______________________________________________________

170

1. Використайте теперішній перфектний тривалий час. Пе-

рекладіть.

1. You (play) __________________ computer games for hours.

Start doing the homework.

_______________________________________________________

2. You (watch) __________________ TV since morning. Don’t

you have anything different to do?

_______________________________________________________

3. I (wait) ____________________ for half an hour. Is the man-

ager coming?

_______________________________________________________

4. John (talk) _______________ about changing his job for years.

But he’s still a postman.

_______________________________________________________

5. Peter’s face is very sunburnt. He (lie) ______________ in the

sun for hours.

_______________________________________________________

6. I (phone) _________________ you for three days. Why don’t

you return my calls?

_______________________________________________________

7. It (rain) ________________________ since yesterday. I hope

it’ll stop soon.

_______________________________________________________

8. We (go) ______________________ to the same school since our

first year.

_______________________________________________________

9. You (work) ____________________ very hard recently. You

look tired.

_______________________________________________________