Григорьев Н.А. Распределение химических элементов в верхней части континентальной коры
Подождите немного. Документ загружается.
11.3.3. ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ Tb Ë Dy, ÒÍÓ̈ÂÌÚËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚Â
‚ χÍÒËÏË̇·ı
ɇÌ˘Ì˚ ‰Îfl χÍÒËÏË̇ÎÓ‚ ÒÓ‰ÂʇÌËfl Tb 0.01 Ë Dy – 0.06% (ÉË-
„Ӹ‚, 1999). É·‚Ì˚ χÍÒËÏË̇Î˚ ÓÚËÚ Ë ÏÓ̇ˆËÚ. êÓθ χÍÒËÏËÌÂ-
‡ÎÓ‚ ÒÛ˘ÂÒÚ‚ÂÌ̇ ‚ „‡ÌËÚÌÓ-„ÌÂÈÒÓ‚ÓÏ ÒÎÓÂ Ë ‚ÂıÌÂÈ ˜‡ÒÚË ÍÓÌÚËÌÂÌ-
ڇθÌÓÈ ÍÓ˚ ‚ ˆÂÎÓÏ (Ú‡·Î. 11.36, 11.37). Ç ÓÒ‡‰Ó˜ÌÓÏ ÒÎÓ ËÁÛ˜ÂÌ˚ ÚÓθ-
ÍÓ ÔÂÒÍË, ÍËÒÎ˚Â Ë Ò‰ÌË ‚ÛÎ͇ÌËÚ˚. Ç „‡ÌËÚÌÓ-„ÌÂÈÒÓ‚ÓÏ ÒÎÓ Óθ
χÍÒËÏË̇ÎÓ‚ Á̇˜ËÚÂθ̇: ‚ ÍËÒÎ˚ı ‚ÛÎ͇ÌËÚ‡ı, ÒËÂÌËÚ‡ı Ë „‡ÌËÚ‡ı
(Ú‡·Î. 11.38–11.41), „‡ÌËÚÓ-„ÌÂÈÒ‡ı Ë Ô‡‡Ò·̈‡ı (Ú‡·Î. 11.42, 11.43).
Ç ‰ÓÔÓÎÌÂÌËÂ Í ‰‡ÌÌ˚Ï Ú‡·Î. 11.43 ÓÚÏÂÚËÏ, ˜ÚÓ ‚ ÏÂÚ‡·‡ÁËÚ‡ı ‚ ÏÓ̇ˆË-
Ú ÒÍÓ̈ÂÌÚËÓ‚‡ÌÓ < 0.01% χÒÒ Dy.
251
ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ
Tb, %
ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ
Tb, %
ëÓ‰ÂʇÌËÂ
ÏË̇ÎÓ‚, %
ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ
Tb, %
ëÓ‰ÂʇÌËÂ
ÏË̇ÎÓ‚, %
ÇÂıÌflfl ˜‡ÒÚ¸ ÍÓÌÚËÌÂÌ-
ڇθÌÓÈ ÍÓ˚
åË̇Î˚
ëÓ‰ÂʇÌËÂ
ÏË̇ÎÓ‚, %
ɇÌËÚÌÓ-„ÌÂÈÒÓ‚˚È ÒÎÓÈ
êËÌÍÓÎËÚ 0.01 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 6.9⋅10
–9
< 0.01 5.3⋅10
–9
< 0.01
ó‚ÍËÌËÚ 0.045 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 5.5⋅10
–7
< 0.01 4.2⋅10
–7
< 0.01
ù‚ÍÒÂÌËÚ 0.1 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 8.6⋅10
–6
0.01 6.6⋅10
–6
0.01
éÚËÚ 0.13 6⋅10
–5
0.11 0.0063 8.71 0.0048 7.01
åÓ̇ˆËÚ 0.16 4.6⋅10
–5
0.1 0.0016 2.72 0.0013 2.34
ÅÎÓÏÒڇ̉ËÌ 0.3 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 1.2⋅10
–6
< 0.01 9⋅10
–7
< 0.01
äÒÂÌÓÚËÏ 0.5 1⋅10
–5
0.07 4.6⋅10
–5
0.24 3.7⋅10
–5
0.21
ɇ‰ÓÎËÌËÚ 0.5 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 5.2⋅10
–6
0.03 4⋅10
–6
0.02
àÚÚˇÎËÚ 0.54 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 2.1⋅10
–5
0.12 1.6⋅10
–5
0.1
î„ÛÒÓÌËÚ 0.8 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 3.1⋅10
–6
0.03 2.4⋅10
–6
0.02
ëÛÏχ 1.16⋅10
–4
0.28 0.008 11.86 0.0062 9.71
퇷Îˈ‡ 11.36
êÓθ χÍÒËÏË̇ÎÓ‚ Í‡Í ÌÓÒËÚÂÎÂÈ Tb ‚ ‚ÂıÌÂÈ ˜‡ÒÚË ÍÓÌÚËÌÂÌڇθÌÓÈ ÍÓ˚
ëÓ‰ÂʇÌËÂ
Tb ‚ ÏËÌÂ-
‡Î‡ı, %
éÒ‡‰Ó˜Ì˚È ÒÎÓÈ
ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ
Dy, %
ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ
Dy, %
ëÓ‰ÂʇÌËÂ
ÏË̇ÎÓ‚, %
ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ
Dy, %
ëÓ‰ÂʇÌËÂ
ÏË̇ÎÓ‚, %
ÇÂıÌflfl ˜‡ÒÚ¸ ÍÓÌÚËÌÂÌ-
ڇθÌÓÈ ÍÓ˚
åË̇Î˚
ëÓ‰ÂʇÌËÂ
ÏË̇ÎÓ‚, %
ɇÌËÚÌÓ-„ÌÂÈÒÓ‚˚È ÒÎÓÈ
éÚËÚ 0.13 6⋅10
–5
0.07 0.0063 5.56 0.0048 4.5
åÓ̇ˆËÚ 0.16 4.6⋅10
–5
0.02 0.0016 0.5 0.0013 0.43
êËÌÍÓÎËÚ 0.23 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 6.9⋅10
–9
< 0.01 5.3⋅10
–9
< 0.01
ɇ‰ÓÎËÌËÚ 1.5 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 5.2⋅10
–6
0.02 4⋅10
–6
0.01
ù‚ÍÒÂÌËÚ 1.7 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 8.6⋅10
–6
0.03 6.6⋅10
–6
0.02
ÅÎÓÏÒڇ̉ËÌ 2 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 1.2⋅10
–6
< 0.01 9⋅10
–7
< 0.01
äÒÂÌÓÚËÏ 3.7 1⋅10
–5
0.1 4.6⋅10
–5
0.33 3.7⋅10
–5
0.29
àÚÚˇÎËÚ 4.3 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 2.1⋅10
–5
0.18 1.6⋅10
–5
0.14
î„ÛÒÓÌËÚ 6.1 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 3.1⋅10
–6
0.04 2.4⋅10
–6
0.03
ÇÒÂ„Ó 1.16⋅10
–4
0.19 0.008 6.69 0.0062 5.42
퇷Îˈ‡ 11.37
êÓθ χÍÒËÏË̇ÎÓ‚ Í‡Í ÌÓÒËÚÂÎÂÈ Dy ‚ ‚ÂıÌÂÈ ˜‡ÒÚË ÍÓÌÚËÌÂÌڇθÌÓÈ ÍÓ˚
ëÓ‰ÂʇÌËÂ
Dy ‚ ÏËÌÂ-
‡Î‡ı, %
éÒ‡‰Ó˜Ì˚È ÒÎÓÈ
252
Ç ˆÂÎÓÏ
ÇÛÎ͇ÌÓ„ÂÌÌ˚ ÔÓÓ‰˚
Ç ˆÂÎÓÏ
åË̇Î˚
äËÒÎ˚ÂèÂÒÍË Ë ÔÂÒ˜‡ÌËÍË
éÚËÚ < 0.01 (7⋅10
–8
) < 0.01 (1.8⋅10
–8
) 4.76 (0.003) 0.18 (1⋅10
–4
) 0.6 (4⋅10
–4
)
åÓ̇ˆËÚ 0.3 (1.3⋅10
–4
) 0.08 (3.3⋅10
–5
) 1.95 (0.001) ç ÓÔ. 0.22 (1.2⋅10
–4
)
äÒÂÌÓÚËÏ 0.29 (4⋅10
–5
) 0.07 (1⋅10
–5
) 0.18 (3⋅10
–5
) ç ÓÔ. 0.02 (3.6⋅10
–6
)
ÇÒÂ„Ó 0.59 (1.3⋅10
–4
) 0.15 (4.3⋅10
–5
) 6.89 (0.004) 0.18 (1⋅10
–4
) 0.84 (5.2⋅10
–4
)
퇷Îˈ‡ 11.38
ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ Tb (%), ÒÍÓ̈ÂÌÚËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ ‚ χÍÒËÏË̇·ı ÔÓÓ‰ ÓÒ‡‰Ó˜ÌÓ„Ó ÒÎÓfl
éÒ‡‰Ó˜Ì˚ ÔÓÓ‰˚
ë‰ÌËÂ
èËϘ‡ÌËÂ. á‰ÂÒ¸ Ë ‚ ÔÓÒÎÂ‰Û˛˘Ëı Ú‡·Îˈ‡ı ‚ ÒÍӷ͇ı – ÒÓ‰ÂʇÌË ÏË̇ÎÓ‚, %.
Ç ˆÂÎÓÏ
ÇÛÎ͇ÌÓ„ÂÌÌ˚ ÔÓÓ‰˚
Ç ˆÂÎÓÏ
åË̇Î˚
äËÒÎ˚ÂèÂÒÍË Ë ÔÂÒ˜‡ÌËÍË
éÚËÚ < 0.01 (7⋅10
–8
) < 0.01 (1.8⋅10
–8
) 2.25 (0.003) 0.15 (1⋅10
–4
) 0.39 (4⋅10
–4
)
åÓ̇ˆËÚ 0.07 (1.3⋅10
–4
) 0.02 (3.3⋅10
–5
) 0.27 (0.001) ç ÓÔ. 0.04 (1.2⋅10
–4
)
äÒÂÌÓÚËÏ 0.51 (4⋅10
–5
) 0.1 (1⋅10
–5
) 0.19 (3⋅10
–5
) ç ÓÔ. 0.03 (3.6⋅10
–6
)
ÇÒÂ„Ó 0.58 (1.3⋅10
–4
) 0.12 (4.3⋅10
–5
) 2.71 (0.004) 0.15 (1⋅10
–4
) 0.46 (5.2⋅10
–4
)
퇷Îˈ‡ 11.39
ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ Dy (%), ÒÍÓ̈ÂÌÚËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ ‚ χÍÒËÏË̇·ı ÓÒ‡‰Ó˜ÌÓ„Ó ÒÎÓfl
éÒ‡‰Ó˜Ì˚ ÔÓÓ‰˚
ë‰ÌËÂ
ɇÌÓ‰ËÓËÚ˚
åË̇Î˚
ëËÂÌËÚ˚ɇÌËÚ˚
ó‚ÍËÌËÚ < 0.01 (1.5⋅10
–6
) ç ÓÔ. 0.17 (6⋅10
–4
) < 0.01 (3.2⋅10
–6
)
ù‚ÍÒÂÌËÚ 0.07 (8⋅10
–5
) ç ÓÔ. < 0.01 (8⋅10
–8
) 0.05 (5⋅10
–5
)
éÚËÚ 9.45 (0.008) 3 (0.003) 18.7 (0.023) 6.85 (0.0058)
åÓ̇ˆËÚ 6.25 (0.0043) 0.49 (4⋅10
–4
) 2.4 (0.0024) 4.07 (0.0028)
ÅÎÓÏÒڇ̉ËÌ 0.02 (8.7⋅10
–6
) ç ÓÔ. 0.62 (3.3⋅10
–4
) 0.02(6.7
.
10
–6
)
äÒÂÌÓÚËÏ 0.91 (2⋅10
–4
) 0.01 (3⋅10
–6
) 0.01 (2.7⋅10
–6
) 0.59 (1.3⋅10
–4
)
ɇ‰ÓÎËÌËÚ 0.23 (5⋅10
–5
) ç ÓÔ. 0.01 (3⋅10
–6
) 0.14 (3⋅10
–5
)
àÚÚˇÎËÚ 0.98 (2⋅10
–4
) ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 0.59 (1.2⋅10
–4
)
î„ÛÒÓÌËÚ 0.11 (1.5⋅10
–5
) 0.2 (3.2⋅10
–5
) 0.02 (3.8⋅10
–6
) 0.13 (1.8⋅10
–5
)
ÇÒÂ„Ó 18.02 (0.013) 3.7 (0.0034) 21.93 (0.0263) 12.44 (0.0091)
퇷Îˈ‡ 11.40
ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ Tb (%), ÒÍÓ̈ÂÌÚËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ ‚ χÍÒËÏË̇·ı
χ„χÚ˘ÂÒÍËı ÔÓÓ‰ „‡ÌËÚÌÓ-„ÌÂÈÒÓ‚Ó„Ó ÒÎÓfl
凄χÚ˘ÂÒÍËÂ
ÔÓÓ‰˚ ‚ ˆÂÎÓÏ
253
ɇÌÓ‰ËÓËÚ˚åË̇Î˚ ëËÂÌËÚ˚ɇÌËÚ˚
éÚËÚ 7.2 (0.008) 2.6 (0.003) 14.8 (0.023) 5.44 (0.0058)
åÓ̇ˆËÚ 1.38 (0.0043) 0.12 (0.0004) 0.55 (0.0024) 0.93 (0.0028)
ɇ‰ÓÎËÌËÚ 0.15 (5⋅10
–5
) ç ÓÔ. 0.01 (3⋅10
–6
) 0.09 (3⋅10
–5
)
ù‚ÍÒÂÌËÚ 0.27 (8⋅10
–5
) ç ÓÔ. < 0.01 (8⋅10
–8
) 0.18 (5⋅10
–5
)
ÅÎÓÏÒڇ̉ËÌ 0.03 (8.7⋅10
–6
) ç ÓÔ. 0.94 (3.3⋅10
–4
) 0.03 (6.7⋅10
–6
)
äÒÂÌÓÚËÏ 1.48 (0.0002) 0.02 (3⋅10
–6
) 0.01 (2.7⋅10
–6
) 1 (1.3⋅10
–4
)
àÚÚˇÎËÚ 1.72 (2⋅10
–4
) ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 1.08 (1.2⋅10
–4
)
î„ÛÒÓÌËÚ 0.18 (1.5⋅10
–5
) 0.38 (3.2⋅10
–5
) 0.03 (3.8⋅10
–6
) 0.23 (1.8⋅10
–5
)
ÇÒÂ„Ó 12.41 (0.013) 3.12 (0.0034) 16.38 (0.026) 8.98 (0.0091)
퇷Îˈ‡ 11.41
ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ Dy (%), ÒÍÓ̈ÂÌÚËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ ‚ χÍÒËÏË̇·ı
χ„χÚ˘ÂÒÍËı ÔÓÓ‰ „‡ÌËÚÌÓ-„ÌÂÈÒÓ‚Ó„Ó ÒÎÓfl
凄χÚ˘ÂÒÍËÂ
ÔÓÓ‰˚ ‚ ˆÂÎÓÏ
臇Ò·̈˚
Ç ˆÂÎÓÏ
éÚÓÏÂÚ‡ÏÓÙ˘ÂÒÍË ÔÓÓ‰˚
Ç ˆÂÎÓÏ
åË̇Î˚
ɇÌËÚÓ-„ÌÂÈÒ˚åÂÚ‡ÔÂÒ˜‡ÌËÍË
éÚËÚ 3.25 11.1 10.61 9.13 ç ÓÔ. 7.66
(0.0012) (0.008) (0.0071) (0.0066) (0.0056)
åÓ̇ˆËÚ 1 (3⋅10
–4
) 1.53 1.47 4.6 < 0.01 3.71
(9⋅10
–4
)(8⋅10
–4
) (0.0027) (4⋅10
–8
) (0.0022)
äÒÂÌÓÚËÏ ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 0.4 ç ÓÔ. 0.33
(7.5⋅10
–5
) (6.2⋅10
–5
)
ÇÒÂ„Ó 4.25 12.63 12.08 14.13 < 0.01 11.7
(0.0015) (0.0089) (0.0079) (0.0094) (4⋅10
–8
) (0.0079)
퇷Îˈ‡ 11.42
ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ Tb (%), ÒÍÓ̈ÂÌÚËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ ‚ χÍÒËÏË̇·ı ÏÂÚ‡ÏÓÙ˘ÂÒÍËı ÔÓÓ‰
臇ÏÂÚ‡ÏÓÙ˘ÂÒÍË ÔÓÓ‰˚
åÂÚ‡ËÓÎËÚ˚
臇Ò·̈˚ Ç ˆÂÎÓÏ
éÚÓÏÂÚ‡ÏÓÙ˘ÂÒÍË ÔÓÓ‰˚
Ç ˆÂÎÓÏ
åË̇Î˚
ɇÌËÚÓ-„ÌÂÈÒ˚åÂÚ‡ÔÂÒ˜‡ÌËÍË
éÚËÚ 1.1 6.32 5.81 5.71 6.92 5.25
(0.0012) (0.008) (0.0071) (0.0066) (0.008) (0.0056)
åÓ̇ˆËÚ 0.1 0.25 0.23 0.83 < 0.01 0.73
(0.0003) (0.0009) (0.0008) (0.0027) (2⋅10
–6
) (0.0022)
äÒÂÌÓÚËÏ ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 0.53 ç ÓÔ. 0.48
(7.5⋅10
–5
) (6.2⋅10
–5
)
ÇÒÂ„Ó 1.2 6.57 6.04 7.07 6.92 6.46
(0.0015) (0.0089) (0.0079) (0.0105) (0.008) (0.0088)
퇷Îˈ‡ 11.43
ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ Dy (%), ÒÍÓ̈ÂÌÚËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ ‚ χÍÒËÏË̇·ı ÏÂÚ‡ÏÓÙ˘ÂÒÍËı ÔÓÓ‰
臇ÏÂÚ‡ÏÓÙ˘ÂÒÍË ÔÓÓ‰˚
åÂÚ‡ËÓÎËÚ˚
11.3.4. é·ÒÛʉÂÌË ÔÓÎÛ˜ÂÌÌ˚ı ‰‡ÌÌ˚ı
чÌÌ˚Â Ó ÒÓ‰ÂʇÌËË Eu, Gd, Tb Ë Dy ‚ „ÓÌ˚ı ÔÓÓ‰‡ı ÔÓÎÛ˜ÂÌ˚
ÔÓ ÂÁÛÎ¸Ú‡Ú‡Ï ÓÚÌÓÒËÚÂθÌÓ ÌÂÏÌÓ„Ó˜ËÒÎÂÌÌ˚ı ‡Ì‡ÎËÁÓ‚ Ë ÓÚÌÓÒflÚÒfl
Í Ì‡ËÏÂÌ ̇‰ÂÊÌ˚Ï, ÔÓ˝ÚÓÏÛ Á‡Íβ˜ÂÌËÂ Ó ÌÂÍÓÚÓÓÈ ËÁ·˚ÚÓ˜ÌÓÒ-
ÚË ˝ÚËı ˝ÎÂÏÂÌÚÓ‚ ‚ ÍÓÌÚËÌÂÌڇθÌ˚ı ÓÒ‡‰Ó˜Ì˚ı ÔÓÓ‰‡ı Ú·ÛÂÚ
ÔÓ‚ÂÍË.
è˂‰ÂÌÌ˚ Á‰ÂÒ¸ ÓˆÂÌÍË ÓÎË Ï‡ÍÒËÏË̇ÎÓ‚ Í‡Í ÌÓÒËÚÂÎÂÈ Eu, Gd,
Tb Ë Dy ÒΉÛÂÚ Ò˜ËÚ‡Ú¸ ÏËÌËχθÌÓ ‚ÓÁÏÓÊÌ˚ÏË ÔÓ Ô˘Ë̇Ï, ‡ÒÒÏÓÚ-
ÂÌÌ˚Ï ‚ Ô‰˚‰Û˘Ëı „·‚‡ı.
ÇÓÁÏÓÊÌÓÒÚË ÒÓÔÓÒÚ‡‚ÎÂÌËfl ÔÓÎÛ˜ÂÌÌ˚ı ‰‡ÌÌ˚ı Ò ÂÁÛθڇڇÏË ËÁÛ-
˜ÂÌËfl ‡ÒÔ‰ÂÎÂÌËfl Eu, Gd, Tb Ë Dy ÔÓ ÏËÌÂ‡Î‡Ï ‚ ÍÓÌÍÂÚÌ˚ı ÔÓ·‡ı
„ÓÌ˚ı ÔÓÓ‰ ÔÓ˜ÚË ÌÂÚ. Ç ·Óθ¯ËÌÒÚ‚Â ÒÎÛ˜‡Â‚ ̉ÓÒÚ‡ÚÓ˜ÌÓ ‰‡ÌÌ˚ı
‰Îfl ‡Ò˜ÂÚ‡ ÏË̇θÌ˚ı ·‡Î‡ÌÒÓ‚ Ë ‚ÂÎËÍË Ôӄ¯ÌÓÒÚË ÓÔ‰ÂÎÂÌËfl
ÒÓ‰ÂʇÌËÈ Eu Ë Gd ‚ ÏË̇·ı. ëÛÏÏ˚ Û˜ÚÂÌÌ˚ı ‰ÓÎÂÈ Ï‡ÒÒ Eu Ë Gd ‚
ÏË̇·ı ÒÓÒÚ‡‚Îfl˛Ú 19–144% ÓÚ Ï‡ÒÒ, ÒÓÓÚ‚ÂÚÒÚ‚Û˛˘Ëı ÒÓ‰ÂʇÌËflÏ
Eu, Gd, Tb Ë Dy ‚ ËÒÒΉӂ‡ÌÌ˚ı ÔÓ·‡ı „ÓÌ˚ı ÔÓÓ‰ ÔÓ ÂÁÛÎ¸Ú‡Ú‡Ï Ëı
‡Ì‡ÎËÁ‡. Ä‚ÚÓÓÏ (É˄Ӹ‚, 1999) ·˚ÎÓ Û˜ÚÂÌÓ ‚ÒÂ„Ó 5 ÌÂÔÓÎÌ˚ı ÏËÌÂ-
‡Î¸Ì˚ı ·‡Î‡ÌÒÓ‚ (3 – Eu Ë 2 – Gd) Ò ÒÛÏχÏË Û˜ÚÂÌÌ˚ı ‰ÓÎÂÈ Ï‡ÒÒ ˝ÚËı
˝ÎÂÏÂÌÚÓ‚ 82–101%.
Ö‚ÓÔËÈ. Ç ¯Ó¯ÓÌËÚÂ Ò Ó-‚‡ ëÚÓÏ·ÓÎË, ÒÓ‰Âʇ˘ÂÏ 2.3⋅10
–4
% Eu, „Ó
χÍÒËÏË̇Î˚ Ì ӷ̇ÛÊÂÌ˚ (Francalanci, 1989); ‚ ÒÓ‰Âʇ˘ÂÏ ÒËÎÎËχ-
ÌËÚ Ô·„ËÓ„ÌÂÈÒ ËÁ ë‚ÂÌÓ„Ó èË·‡È͇θfl (å‡Í˚„Ë̇, ëÏËÌÓ‚‡, 1984)
ÒÓ‰ÂʇÌË Eu 1.5⋅10
–4
%, χÍÒËÏËÌ‡Π– ÚËÚ‡ÌËÚ, ‚ ÍÓÚÓÓÏ ÒÍÓ̈ÂÌÚË-
Ó‚‡ÌÓ 57% χÒÒ˚ Eu; ‚ Ï˄χÚËÚ ËÁ ë‚ÂÌÓ„Ó èË·‡È͇θfl (å‡Í˚„Ë̇,
ëÏËÌÓ‚‡, 1984) ÒÓ‰ÂʇÌË Eu 2.2⋅10
–4
%, χÍÒËÏËÌ‡Π– ÓÚËÚ, ‚ ÍÓÚÓÓÏ
ÒÍÓ̈ÂÌÚËÓ‚‡ÌÓ 8% χÒÒ˚ Eu.
ɇ‰ÓÎËÌËÈ. Ç Ï˄χÚËÚ‡ı ËÁ ë‚ÂÌÓ„Ó èË·‡È͇θfl (å‡Í˚„Ë̇,
ëÏËÌÓ‚‡, 1984) ÒÓ‰ÂʇÌË Gd 0.0018 Ë 0.0028%. Ç Ô‚ÓÏ ÒÎÛ˜‡Â χÍÒË-
ÏË̇Î˚ Ì ӷ̇ÛÊÂÌ˚, ‚Ó ‚ÚÓÓÏ Ì‡È‰ÂÌ˚ ÚËÚ‡ÌËÚ Ë ÓÚËÚ, ‚ ÍÓÚÓ˚ı
ÒÍÓ̈ÂÌÚËÓ‚‡ÌÓ ÒÓÓÚ‚ÂÚÒÚ‚ÂÌÌÓ 67 Ë 17% χÒÒ˚ Gd.
í·ËÈ. çÂÍÓÚÓ˚È ËÌÚÂÂÒ Ô‰ÒÚ‡‚ÎflÂÚ ÏË̇θÌ˚È ·‡Î‡ÌÒ Tb ‚Ó
‚Íβ˜ÂÌËflı ¯ÔËÌÂ΂˚ı ÔÂˉÓÚËÚÓ‚ ËÁ ‚ÛÎ͇Ì˘ÂÒÍËı ¯Î‡ÍÓ‚ Á‡Ô‡‰ÌÓÈ
˜‡ÒÚË ÉÂχÌËË (Stosch, Seck, 1980), ÒÓ‰ÂʇÌË Tb ‚ ÌËı 2.3⋅10
–6
%. å‡ÍÒË-
ÏË̇Î˚ Ì ÛÒÚ‡ÌÓ‚ÎÂÌ˚. åË̇Î-ÍÓ̈ÂÌÚ‡ÚÓ – ÍÎËÌÓÔËÓÍÒÂÌ, ‚ ÍÓ-
ÚÓÓÏ ÒÍÓ̈ÂÌÚËÓ‚‡ÌÓ 62% χÒÒ˚ Tb. ëÛÏχ Û˜ÚÂÌÌ˚ı ‰ÓÎÂÈ Ï‡ÒÒ Tb ‚
ÏË̇·ı 85% ÓÚ Â„Ó Ï‡ÒÒ˚, ÛÒÚ‡ÌÓ‚ÎÂÌÌÓÈ ‚ ÓÚϘÂÌÌ˚ı ¯Î‡Í‡ı ÌÂÔÓ-
Ò‰ÒÚ‚ÂÌÌ˚Ï ‡Ì‡ÎËÁÓÏ.
ÑËÒÔÓÁËÈ. àÌÚÂÂÒÂÌ ÂÁÛÎ¸Ú‡Ú ËÁÛ˜ÂÌËfl „‡ÌÓ‰ËÓËÚ‡ ËÁ ·‡ÚÓÎËÚ‡
ÇÓÒÚÓ˜Ì˚È èÂÌËÌÒÛÎfl êẨÊÂÒ (Gromet, Silver, 1983). Ç ÌÂÏ ÒÓ‰ÂʇÌËÂ
Dy 2.6⋅10
–4
%. å‡ÍÒËÏË̇Î˚: ÚËÚ‡ÌËÚ – „·‚Ì˚È Ë ÓÚËÚ – ‚ÚÓÓÒÚÂÔÂÌ-
Ì˚È. Ç ÌËı ̇ıÓ‰ËÚÒfl ÔÓ˜ÚË ‚Òfl χÒÒ‡ Dy, ÌÓ ·ÓΠÚӘ̇fl ÓˆÂÌ͇ ÓÎË Ï‡Í-
ÒËÏË̇ÎÓ‚ Á‡ÚÛ‰ÌËÚÂθ̇, ÔÓÒÍÓθÍÛ ÒÛÏχ ‚ÒÂı ‰ÓÎÂÈ Ï‡ÒÒ Dy ‚ ÏËÌÂ-
‡Î¸ÌÓÏ ·‡Î‡ÌÒ 138 ÓÚÌ.%.
è˂‰ÂÌÌ˚ ˝ÔËÁӉ˘ÂÒÍË ‰‡ÌÌ˚ ı‡‡ÍÚÂËÁÛ˛Ú ÔÂËÏÛ˘ÂÒÚ‚ÂÌÌÓ
Ë̉˂ˉۇθÌ˚ ÓÒÓ·ÂÌÌÓÒÚË ËÁÛ˜ÂÌÌ˚ı ‡ÁÌÓÒÚÂÈ „ÓÌ˚ı ÔÓÓ‰.
254
11.3.5. Ç˚‚Ó‰˚
ë‰Ì ÒÓ‰ÂʇÌË ‚ ‚ÂıÌÂÈ ˜‡ÒÚË ÍÓÌÚËÌÂÌڇθÌÓÈ ÍÓ˚, n⋅10
–4
%:
Eu – 1.3, Gd – 6.3, Tb – 0.89 Ë Dy – 4.8. É·‚Ì˚ ÍÓ̈ÂÌÚ‡ÚÓ˚ ‚ÒÂı ˜ÂÚ˚-
Âı ˝ÎÂÏÂÌÚÓ‚ ÒËÂÌËÚ˚, ÌÓ Óθ ÒËÂÌËÚÓ‚ Í‡Í ÌÓÒËÚÂÎÂÈ Eu, Gd, Tb Ë Dy
Ó˜Â̸ χ·. ÅÓθ¯Â ÔÓÎÓ‚ËÌ˚ χÒÒ ‚ÒÂı ˜ÂÚ˚Âı ˝ÎÂÏÂÌÚÓ‚ ÒÓÒ‰ÓÚÓ-
˜Â̇ ‚ ÏÂÚ‡ÏÓÙ˘ÂÒÍËı ÔÓÓ‰‡ı, %: Eu – 67.46, Gd – 70.93, Tb – 64.3 Ë
Dy – 68.2.
ëӄ·ÒÌÓ ÔÓÎÛ˜ÂÌÌ˚Ï ‰‡ÌÌ˚Ï, ‚ ‚ÂıÌÂÈ ˜‡ÒÚË ÍÓÌÚËÌÂÌڇθÌÓÈ ÍÓ-
˚ ‚ χÍÒËÏË̇·ı ÒÍÓ̈ÂÌÚËÓ‚‡ÌÓ 1.87% χÒÒ Eu, ‚ ÚÓÏ ˜ËÒΠÏÓ̇-
ˆËÚ – 0.9, ÓÚËÚ – 0.7, ·‡ÒÚÌÂÁËÚ – 0.25, ËÚÚˇÎËÚ – 0.01, Ù„ÛÒÓÌË-
Ú – 0.01%; 4.24% χÒÒ Gd, ‚ ÚÓÏ ˜ËÒΠÏÓ̇ˆËÚ – 2.48, ÓÚËÚ – 1.45, ÍÒÂ-
ÌÓÚËÏ – 0.13, ·‡ÒÚÌÂÁËÚ – 0.1, ËÚÚˇÎËÚ – 0.05, „‡‰ÓÎËÌËÚ – 0.01, ˝‚Í-
ÒÂÌËÚ 0.01, Ù„ÛÒÓÌËÚ – 0.01%; 9.71 % χÒÒ Tb, ‚ ÚÓÏ ˜ËÒΠÓÚËÚ –
7.01, ÏÓ̇ˆËÚ – 2.34, ÍÒÂÌÓÚËÏ – 0.21, ËÚÚˇÎËÚ – 0.1, Ù„ÛÒÓÌËÚ –
0.02, „‡‰ÓÎËÌËÚ – 0.02, ˝‚ÍÒÂÌËÚ – 0.01 %; 5.42% χÒÒ˚ Dy, ‚ ÚÓÏ ˜ËÒÎÂ
ÓÚËÚ – 4.5, ÏÓ̇ˆËÚ – 0.43, ÍÒÂÌÓÚËÏ – 0.29, ËÚÚˇÎËÚ – 0.14, Ù„Û-
ÒÓÌËÚ – 0.03, ˝‚ÍÒÂÌËÚ – 0.02, „‡‰ÓÎËÌËÚ – 0.01%. ùÚË ˆËÙ˚, ‚ÂÓflÚÌÓ,
fl‚Îfl˛ÚÒfl ÏËÌËχθÌÓ ‚ÓÁÏÓÊÌ˚ÏË. êÓθ χÍÒËÏË̇ÎÓ‚ χÍÒËχθ̇fl
‚ „‡ÌËÚ‡ı Ë ÒËÂÌËÚ‡ı.
11.4. Ééãúåàâ, ùêÅàâ, àííÖêÅàâ à ãûíÖñàâ
11.4.1. ë‰Ì ÒÓ‰ÂʇÌËÂ Ë ‡ÒÔ‰ÂÎÂÌË χÒÒ Ho, Er, Yb Ë Lu
‚ ‚ÂıÌÂÈ ˜‡ÒÚË ÍÓÌÚËÌÂÌڇθÌÓÈ ÍÓ˚
è˂‰ÂÌÌ˚ Á‰ÂÒ¸ Ò‰ÌË ÒÓ‰ÂʇÌËfl Ho, Er, Yb, Lu ‚ „ÓÌ˚ı ÔÓÓ‰‡ı
(Ú‡·Î. 11.44) ÔÂËÏÛ˘ÂÒÚ‚ÂÌÌÓ ÒÓÓÚ‚ÂÚÒÚ‚Û˛Ú ÓÔÛ·ÎËÍÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚Ï ‡Ì¸¯Â (ÉË-
„Ӹ‚, 2003·). ë‰Ì ÒÓ‰ÂʇÌË çÓ ‚ Ô‡‡„ÌÂÈÒ‡ı Ë Ô‡‡Ò·̈‡ı, ‡ Ú‡ÍÊÂ
҉̠ÒÓ‰ÂʇÌË Lu ‚ ÔÂÒ͇ı Ë ÔÂÒ˜‡ÌË͇ı Á‡ÏÂÌÂÌ˚ ̇ Ô‰ÔÓ·„‡ÂÏ˚Â
·ÓΠ‚ÂÓflÚÌ˚Â. ëÓÓÚ‚ÂÚÒÚ‚Û˛˘Ë ˝ÚËÏ ‰‡ÌÌ˚Ï Á̇˜ÂÌËfl Ò‰ÌÂ„Ó ÒÓ‰Â-
ʇÌËfl ‡ÒÒχÚË‚‡ÂÏ˚ı ˝ÎÂÏÂÌÚÓ‚ ‚ ‚ÂıÌÂÈ ˜‡ÒÚË ÍÓÌÚËÌÂÌڇθÌÓÈ ÍÓ˚,
n⋅10
–4
%: Ho – 1.3, Er – 2.7, Yb – 2.5, Lu – 0.48 ÌÂÒÍÓθÍÓ ·Óθ¯Â Á̇˜ÂÌËÈ,
n⋅10
–4
%: Ho – 0.62–0.83, Er – 2.3, Yb – 1.47–2.26, Lu – 2.3⋅10
–5
–3.5⋅10
–4
, ÓÔÛ·ÎË-
ÍÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ı ‚ ÔÓÒΉÌË 50 ÎÂÚ ‰Û„ËÏË ËÒÒΉӂ‡ÚÂÎflÏË (Rudnick, Gao, 2004).
Ç ÓÒ‡‰Ó˜Ì˚ı ÔÓÓ‰‡ı Ò‰ÌË ÒÓ‰ÂʇÌËfl çÓ 9.2⋅10
–5
, Er 1.7⋅10
–4
, Lu 3⋅10
–5
%
ÏÂ̸¯Â ÚÂı, ÍÓÚÓ˚ ÏÓ„ÎË ·˚Ú¸ Û̇ÒΉӂ‡Ì˚ ÔË ‚˚‚ÂÚË‚‡ÌËË „‡ÌËÚÌÓ-
„ÌÂÈÒÓ‚Ó„Ó ÒÎÓfl ÒÓ‚ÂÏÂÌÌÓ„Ó ÒÓÒÚ‡‚‡: çÓ 1.1⋅10
–4
, Er 2.4⋅10
–4
, Lu 4.3⋅10
–5
%
(‡Ò˜ÂÚ ËÁӇβÏËÌË‚˚Ï ÏÂÚÓ‰ÓÏ). ë‰Ì ÒÓ‰ÂʇÌË Yb ‚ ÓÒ‡‰Ó˜Ì˚ı
ÔÓÓ‰‡ı 2⋅10
–4
% Ô‡ÍÚ˘ÂÒÍË ÒÓÓÚ‚ÂÚÒÚ‚ÛÂÚ ÚÓÏÛ, ÍÓÚÓÓ ÏÓ„ÎÓ ·˚Ú¸
Û̇ÒΉӂ‡ÌÓ ÔË ‚˚‚ÂÚË‚‡ÌËË „‡ÌËÚÌÓ-„ÌÂÈÒÓ‚Ó„Ó ÒÎÓfl ÒÓ‚ÂÏÂÌÌÓ„Ó
ÒÓÒÚ‡‚‡ – 2.1⋅10
–4
%. É·‚Ì˚ ÍÓ̈ÂÌÚ‡ÚÓ˚ ‚ÒÂı ˜ÂÚ˚Âı ˝ÎÂÏÂÌÚÓ‚ ÒËÂ-
ÌËÚ˚ (Ú‡·Î. 11.44), ÌÓ ÍÓ˝ÙÙˈËÂÌÚ˚ ÍÓ̈ÂÌÚ‡ˆËË ÌÂÁ̇˜ËÚÂθÌ˚Â: çÓ –
1.5, Er – 1.6, Yb – 1.75 Ë Lu – 2.5. É·‚Ì˚ ÌÓÒËÚÂÎË ÏÂÚ‡ÏÓÙ˘ÂÒÍË ÔÓ-
Ó‰˚ „‡ÌËÚÌÓ-„ÌÂÈÒÓ‚Ó„Ó ÒÎÓfl, ‚ ÍÓÚÓ˚ı ̇ıÓ‰ËÚÒfl 68.19% χÒÒ çÓ,
68 – Er, 61.1 – Yb Ë 59.2 – Lu.
255
256
LuEr
ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ, %
Yb
Er
Yb Lu çÓ
퇷Îˈ‡ 11.44
ê‡ÒÔ‰ÂÎÂÌË Ho, Er, Yb, Lu ‚ ÒÓ‚ÓÍÛÔÌÓÒÚË „ÓÌ˚ı ÔÓÓ‰ ‚ÂıÌÂÈ ˜‡ÒÚË ÍÓÌÚËÌÂÌڇθÌÓÈ ÍÓ˚
ÉÓÌ˚Â ÔÓÓ‰˚
å‡ÒÒ‡
ÔÓÓ‰, %
ë‰Ì ÒÓ‰ÂʇÌËÂ, n⋅10
–4
%
çÓ
èÂÒÍË Ë ÔÂÒ˜‡ÌËÍË 5.11 1.5 2.3 1.8 0.3* 5.9 4.39 5.74 3.21*
ÉÎËÌ˚ Ë „ÎËÌËÒÚ˚ Ò·̈˚ 10.4 0.9 1.9 2.5 0.39 7.2 7.37 10.57 8.48
䇷Ó̇ÚÌ˚ ÔÓÓ‰˚ 3.85 0.35 0.75 0.9 0.11 1.04 1.08 1.41 0.89
äÂÏÌËÒÚ˚ ÔÓÓ‰˚ 0.33 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 2 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 0.27 ç ÓÔ.
ù‚‡ÔÓËÚ˚ 0.26 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ.
äËÒÎ˚ ‚ÛÎ͇ÌËÚ˚ 0.44 1.7 3.6 2.5 0.55 0.58 0.59 0.45 0.51
ë‰ÌË ‚ÛÎ͇ÌËÚ˚ 1.13 0.72? 2.1 2 0.32 0.63 0.89 0.92 0.76
éÒÌÓ‚Ì˚ ‚ÛÎ͇ÌËÚ˚ 2.11 1.3 2.6 2.3 0.46 2.11 2.05 1.97 2.03
ɇÌËÚ˚ 8.21 1.3 3.1 4 0.9 8.21 9.5 13.35 15.46
ɇÌÓ‰ËÓËÚ˚ 3.38 1.9 3.8 3.6 1.1 4.94 4.79 4.95 7.78
ŇÁËÚ˚ 1.5 0.99 2.2 2 0.5 1.14 1.23 1.22 1.57
ëËÂÌËÚ˚ 0.05 2 4.4 4.3 1.2 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.13
ìθڇ·‡ÁËÚ˚ 0.05 0.16 0.35 0.48 0.07 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
åÂÚ‡ÔÂÒ˜‡ÌËÍË 2.92 1 2.7 1.6 0.26 2.25 2.94 1.9 1.59
臇„ÌÂÈÒ˚ Ë Ô‡‡Ò·̈˚ 30.56 1.7* 3.2 2.5 0.54 39.96 36.49 31.06 34.52
åÂڇ͇·Ó̇ÚÌ˚ ÔÓÓ‰˚ 1.13 0.28 0.9 0.7 0.1 0.24 0.38 0.32 0.24
ÜÂÎÂÁËÒÚ˚ ÔÓÓ‰˚ 0.38 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 4.5 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 0.7 ç ÓÔ.
ɇÌËÚÓ-„ÌÂÈÒ˚ 23.21 1.3 2.9 2.2 0.38 23.21 25.12 20.76 18.45
åÂÚ‡ËÓÎËÚ˚ 0.66 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 3.8 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 1.02 ç ÓÔ.
åÂÚ‡‡Ì‰ÂÁËÚ˚ 1.03 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 3.5 0.51 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 1.46 1.1
åÂÚ‡·‡ÁËÚ˚ 3.29 1 2.5 2.9 0.48 2.53 3.07 3.88 3.3
ÇÂıÌflfl ˜‡ÒÚ¸ ÍÓÌÚËÌÂÌڇθÌÓÈ ÍÓ˚ 100 1.3* 2.68 2.46 0.478 100.03 99.98 100.05 100.03
éÒ‡‰Ó˜Ì˚ ÔÓÓ‰˚ 19.95 0.92 1.72 1.97 0.3 14.14 12.84 15.99 12.58
ÇÛÎ͇ÌËÚ˚ ÓÒ‡‰Ó˜ÌÓ„Ó ÒÎÓfl 3.68 1.16 3.57 2.23 0.43 3.32 3.53 3.34 3.3
éÒ‡‰Ó˜Ì˚È ÒÎÓÈ ‚ ˆÂÎÓÏ 23.63 0.96* 1.86 2.01 0.321 17.46 16.37 19.31 15.88*
凄χÚËÚ˚ „‡ÌËÚÌÓ-„ÌÂÈÒÓ‚Ó„Ó ÒÎÓfl 13.19 1.42 3.17 3.66 0.904 14.38 15.61 19.62 24.95
臇ÏÂÚ‡ÏÓÙËÚ˚ 34.99 1.58* 3.05 2.39 0.497 42.45 39.81 33.98 36.35
éÚÓÏÂÚ‡ÏÓÙËÚ˚ 28.19 1.19 2.68 2.37 0.387 25.74 28.19 27.12 22.85
ɇÌËÚÌÓ-„ÌÂÈÒÓ‚˚È ÒÎÓÈ ‚ ˆÂÎÓÏ 76.37 1.4* 2.9 2.58 0.527 82.57 83.61 80.72 84.15
11.4.2. ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ çÓ Ë Er, ÒÍÓ̈ÂÌÚËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚Â
‚ χÍÒËÏË̇·ı
ɇÌ˘Ì˚ ‰Îfl χÍÒËÏË̇ÎÓ‚ ÒÓ‰ÂʇÌËfl (É˄Ӹ‚, 1999) çÓ
0.02 Ë Er 0.05%. É·‚Ì˚È Ï‡ÍÒËÏËÌ‡Π˝ÎÂÏÂÌÚÓ‚ ÓÚËÚ, ‚ÚÓÓÈ ÔÓ Á̇-
˜ËÏÓÒÚË – ÍÒÂÌÓÚËÏ. è‚ÓËÒÚÓ˜ÌËÍË Ï‡Ú¡ÎÓ‚, ËÒÔÓθÁÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ı ‰Îfl
‡Ò˜ÂÚÓ‚ Ò‰ÌËı ÒÓ‰ÂʇÌËÈ Ï‡ÍÒËÏË̇ÎÓ‚ ‚ „ÓÌ˚ı ÔÓÓ‰‡ı, ÔË‚Â-
‰ÂÌ˚ ‚ ‡Á‰Â·ı Ô‰¯ÂÒÚ‚Û˛˘Ëı „·‚, ‚ ˜‡ÒÚÌÓÒÚË ‚ ‡Á‰ÂΠ6.2.2. èÓ
‡Ò˜ÂÚÛ, Óθ χÍÒËÏË̇ÎÓ‚ Í‡Í ÌÓÒËÚÂÎÂÈ çÓ Ë Er ÒÛ˘ÂÒÚ‚ÂÌ̇ ‚ „‡-
ÌËÚÌÓ-„ÌÂÈÒÓ‚ÓÏ ÒÎÓÂ Ë ‚ÂıÌÂÈ ˜‡ÒÚË ÍÓÌÚËÌÂÌڇθÌÓÈ ÍÓ˚ ‚ ˆÂÎÓÏ
(Ú‡·Î. 11.45, 11.46). àÁ „ÓÌ˚ı ÔÓÓ‰ ÓÒ‡‰Ó˜ÌÓ„Ó ÒÎÓfl ËÁÛ˜ÂÌ˚ ÚÓθÍÓ ÔÂ-
257
ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ
Ho, %
ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ
Ho, %
ëÓ‰ÂʇÌËÂ
ÏË̇ÎÓ‚, %
ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ
Ho, %
ëÓ‰ÂʇÌËÂ
ÏË̇ÎÓ‚, %
ÇÂıÌflfl ˜‡ÒÚ¸ ÍÓÌÚËÌÂÌ-
ڇθÌÓÈ ÍÓ˚
åË̇Î˚
ëÓ‰ÂʇÌËÂ
ÏË̇ÎÓ‚, %
ɇÌËÚÌÓ-„ÌÂÈÒÓ‚˚È ÒÎÓÈ
ŇÒÚÌÂÁËÚ 0.02 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 4.2⋅10
–4
0.06 3.2⋅10
–4
0.05
êËÌÍÓÎËÚ 0.03 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 6.9⋅10
–9
< 0.01 5.3⋅10
–9
< 0.01
ó‚ÍËÌËÚ 0.045 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 5.5⋅10
–7
< 0.01 4.2⋅10
–7
< 0.01
éÚËÚ 0.09 6⋅10
–5
0.06 0.0063 4.05 0.0048 3.32
ÅÎÓÏÒڇ̉ËÌ 0.48 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 1.2⋅10
–6
< 0.01 9⋅10
–7
< 0.01
ù‚ÍÒÂÌËÚ 0.5 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 8.6⋅10
–6
0.03 6.6
.
10
–6
0.03
ɇ‰ÓÎËÌËÚ 0.67 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 5.2⋅10
–6
0.02 4⋅10
–6
0.02
àÚÚˇÎËÚ 0.79 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 2.1⋅10
–5
0.12 1.6⋅10
–5
0.1
î„ÛÒÓÌËÚ 1.2 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 3.1⋅10
–6
0.03 2.4⋅10
–6
0.02
äÒÂÌÓÚËÏ 2.9 1⋅10
–5
0.3 4.6⋅10
–5
1.04 3.7⋅10
–5
0.89
ëÛÏχ 1.06⋅10
–4
0.36 0.0083 5.35 0.0064 4.43
퇷Îˈ‡ 11.45
êÓθ χÍÒËÏË̇ÎÓ‚ Í‡Í ÌÓÒËÚÂÎÂÈ çÓ ‚ ‚ÂıÌÂÈ ˜‡ÒÚË ÍÓÌÚËÌÂÌڇθÌÓÈ ÍÓ˚
ëÓ‰ÂʇÌËÂ
Ho ‚ ÏËÌÂ-
‡Î‡ı, %
éÒ‡‰Ó˜Ì˚È ÒÎÓÈ
ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ
Er, %
ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ
Er, %
ëÓ‰ÂʇÌËÂ
ÏË̇ÎÓ‚, %
ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ
Er, %
ëÓ‰ÂʇÌËÂ
ÏË̇ÎÓ‚, %
ÇÂıÌflfl ˜‡ÒÚ¸ ÍÓÌÚËÌÂÌ-
ڇθÌÓÈ ÍÓ˚
åË̇Î˚
ëÓ‰ÂʇÌËÂ
ÏË̇ÎÓ‚, %
ɇÌËÚÌÓ-„ÌÂÈÒÓ‚˚È ÒÎÓÈ
êËÌÍÓÎËÚ 0.06 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 6.9⋅10
–9
< 0.01 5.3⋅10
–9
< 0.01
éÚËÚ 0.21 6⋅10
–5
0.07 0.0063 4.55 0.0048 3.73
ɇ‰ÓÎËÌËÚ 0.66 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 5.2⋅10
–6
0.01 4⋅10
–6
0.01
ù‚ÍÒÂÌËÚ 1.7 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 8.6⋅10
–6
0.05 6.6⋅10
–6
0.04
ÅÎÓÏÒڇ̉ËÌ 1.9 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 1.2⋅10
–6
0.01 9⋅10
–7
0.01
àÚÚˇÎËÚ 3.1 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 2.1⋅10
–5
0.22 1.6⋅10
–5
0.18
äÒÂÌÓÚËÏ 3.4 1⋅10
–5
0.18 4.6⋅10
–5
0.54 3.7⋅10
–5
0.47
ó‚ÍËÌËÚ 4.5 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 5.5⋅10
–7
0.01 4.2⋅10
–7
0.01
î„ÛÒÓÌËÚ 6.5 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 3.1⋅10
–6
0.07 2.4⋅10
–6
0.06
ÇÒÂ„Ó 1.06⋅10
–4
0.25 0.0083 5.55 0.0064 4.51
퇷Îˈ‡ 11.46
êÓθ χÍÒËÏË̇ÎÓ‚ Í‡Í ÌÓÒËÚÂÎÂÈ Er ‚ ‚ÂıÌÂÈ ˜‡ÒÚË ÍÓÌÚËÌÂÌڇθÌÓÈ ÍÓ˚
ëÓ‰ÂʇÌËÂ
Er ‚ ÏËÌÂ-
‡Î‡ı, %
éÒ‡‰Ó˜Ì˚È ÒÎÓÈ
ÒÍË, ÍËÒÎ˚Â Ë Ò‰ÌË ‚ÛÎ͇ÌËÚ˚. êÓθ χÍÒËÏË̇ÎÓ‚ ̇˷ÓΠÁ̇˜Ë-
ÚÂθ̇ ‚ ÍËÒÎ˚ı ‚ÛÎ͇ÌËÚ‡ı (Ú‡·Î. 11.47 Ë 11.48). Ç Ï‡„χÚ˘ÂÒÍËı ÔÓÓ-
‰‡ı „‡ÌËÚÌÓ-„ÌÂÈÒÓ‚Ó„Ó ÒÎÓfl Óθ χÍÒËÏË̇ÎÓ‚ χÍÒËχθ̇ ‚ „‡-
ÌËÚ‡ı Ë ÒËÂÌËÚ‡ı (Ú‡·Î. 11.49, 11.50), ÒÂ‰Ë ÏÂÚ‡ÏÓÙ˘ÂÒÍËı ÔÓÓ‰ – ‚
„‡ÌËÚÓ-„ÌÂÈÒ‡ı (Ú‡·Î. 11.51, 11.52).
258
Ç ˆÂÎÓÏ
ÇÛÎ͇ÌÓ„ÂÌÌ˚ ÔÓÓ‰˚
Ç ˆÂÎÓÏ
åË̇Î˚
äËÒÎ˚ÂèÂÒÍË Ë ÔÂÒ˜‡ÌËÍË
éÚËÚ < 0.01 (7⋅10
–8
) < 0.01 (1.8⋅10
–8
) 1.59 (0.003) 0.13 (1⋅10
–4
) 0.3 (4⋅10
–4
)
äÒÂÌÓÚËÏ 0.77 (4⋅10
–5
) 0.32 (1⋅10
–5
) 0.51 (3⋅10
–5
) ç ÓÔ. 0.1 (3.6⋅10
–6
)
ÇÒÂ„Ó 0.77 (4⋅10
–5
) 0.32 (1⋅10
–5
) 2.1 (0.003) 0.13 (1⋅10
–4
) 0.4 (4⋅10
–4
)
퇷Îˈ‡ 11.47
ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ çÓ (%), ÒÍÓ̈ÂÌÚËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ ‚ χÍÒËÏË̇·ı
„ÓÌ˚ı ÔÓÓ‰ ÓÒ‡‰Ó˜ÌÓ„Ó ÒÎÓfl
éÒ‡‰Ó˜Ì˚ ÔÓÓ‰˚
ë‰ÌËÂ
èËϘ‡ÌËÂ. á‰ÂÒ¸ Ë ‚ ÔÓÒÎÂ‰Û˛˘Ëı Ú‡·Îˈ‡ı ‚ ÒÍӷ͇ı – ÒÓ‰ÂʇÌË ÏË̇ÎÓ‚, %.
Ç ˆÂÎÓÏ
ÇÛÎ͇ÌÓ„ÂÌÌ˚ ÔÓÓ‰˚
Ç ˆÂÎÓÏ
åË̇Î˚
äËÒÎ˚ÂèÂÒÍË Ë ÔÂÒ˜‡ÌËÍË
éÚËÚ < 0.01 (7⋅10
–8
) < 0.01 (1.8⋅10
–8
) 1.75 (0.003) 0.1 (1⋅10
–4
) 0.32 (4⋅10
–4
)
äÒÂÌÓÚËÏ 0.59 (4⋅10
–5
) 0.2 (1⋅10
–5
) 0.28 (3⋅10
–5
) ç ÓÔ. 0.05 (3.6⋅10
–6
)
ÇÒÂ„Ó 0.59 (4⋅10
–4
) 0.2 (1⋅10
–5
) 2.03 (0.003) 0.1 (1⋅10
–4
) 0.37 (4⋅10
–4
)
퇷Îˈ‡ 11.48
ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ Er (%), ÒÍÓ̈ÂÌÚËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ ‚ χÍÒËÏË̇·ı
„ÓÌ˚ı ÔÓÓ‰ ÓÒ‡‰Ó˜ÌÓ„Ó ÒÎÓfl
éÒ‡‰Ó˜Ì˚ ÔÓÓ‰˚
ë‰ÌËÂ
ɇÌÓ‰ËÓËÚ˚åË̇Î˚ ëËÂÌËÚ˚ɇÌËÚ˚
ŇÒÚÌÂÁËÚ 0.07 (4.7⋅10
–4
) ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 0.04 (2.9⋅10
–4
)
ó‚ÍËÌËÚ < 0.01 (1.5⋅10
–6
) ç ÓÔ. 0.14 (6⋅10
–4
) < 0.01 (3.2⋅10
–6
)
éÚËÚ 5.54 (0.008) 1.42 (0.003) 10.4 (0.023) 3.73 (0.0058)
ÅÎÓÏÒڇ̉ËÌ 0.03 (8.7⋅10
–6
) ç ÓÔ. 0.79 (3.3⋅10
–4
) 0.02 (6.7⋅10
–6
)
ù‚ÍÒÂÌËÚ 0.31 (8⋅10
–5
) ç ÓÔ. < 0.01 (8⋅10
–8
) 0.18 (5⋅10
–5
)
ɇ‰ÓÎËÌËÚ 0.26 (5⋅10
–5
) ç ÓÔ. 0.01 (3⋅10
–6
) 0.14 (3⋅10
–5
)
àÚÚˇÎËÚ 1.22 (2⋅10
–4
) ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 0.68 (1.2⋅10
–4
)
î„ÛÒÓÌËÚ 0.14 (1.5⋅10
–5
) 0.2 (3.2⋅10
–5
) 0.02 (3.8⋅10
–6
) 0.15 (1.8⋅10
–5
)
äÒÂÌÓÚËÏ 4.46 (2⋅10
–4
) 0.05 (3⋅10
–6
) 0.04 (2.7⋅10
–6
) 2.07 (1.3⋅10
–4
)
ÇÒÂ„Ó 12.03 (0.009) 1.67 (0.003) 11.4 (0.024) 7.01 (0.0064)
퇷Îˈ‡ 11.49
ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ çÓ (%), ÒÍÓ̈ÂÌÚËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ ‚ χÍÒËÏË̇·ı
χ„χÚ˘ÂÒÍËı ÔÓÓ‰ „‡ÌËÚÌÓ-„ÌÂÈÒÓ‚Ó„Ó ÒÎÓfl
凄χÚ˘ÂÒÍËÂ
ÔÓÓ‰˚ ‚ ˆÂÎÓÏ
11.4.3. ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ Yb Ë Lu, ÒÍÓ̈ÂÌÚËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ ‚ χÍÒËÏË̇·ı
ɇÌ˘Ì˚ ‰Îfl χÍÒËÏË̇ÎÓ‚ ÒÓ‰ÂʇÌËfl (É˄Ӹ‚, 1999) Yb 0.06 Ë
Lu 0.01%. ëӄ·ÒÌÓ ÔÓÎÛ˜ÂÌÌ˚Ï ‰‡ÌÌ˚Ï, Óθ χÍÒËÏË̇ÎÓ‚ Í‡Í ÌÓÒËÚÂ-
ÎÂÈ Yb Ë Lu ÒÛ˘ÂÒÚ‚ÂÌ̇ ‚ „‡ÌËÚÌÓ-„ÌÂÈÒÓ‚ÓÏ ÒÎÓÂ Ë ‚ÂıÌÂÈ ˜‡ÒÚË ÍÓÌÚË-
ÌÂÌڇθÌÓÈ ÍÓ˚ ‚ ˆÂÎÓÏ (Ú‡·Î. 11.53, 11.54), Ô˘ÂÏ Óθ ÓÚËÚ‡ Á̇˜Ë-
ÚÂθÌÓ ·Óθ¯Â ÒÛÏχÌÓÈ ÓÎË ÓÒڇθÌ˚ı χÍÒËÏË̇ÎÓ‚. àÁ „ÓÌ˚ı ÔÓ-
Ó‰ ÓÒ‡‰Ó˜ÌÓ„Ó ÒÎÓfl ËÁÛ˜ÂÌ˚ ÚÓθÍÓ ÔÂÒÍË, ÍËÒÎ˚Â Ë Ò‰ÌË ‚ÛÎ͇ÌËÚ˚.
259
ɇÌÓ‰ËÓËÚ˚åË̇Î˚ ëËÂÌËÚ˚ɇÌËÚ˚
éÚËÚ 5.41 (0.008) 1.66 (0.003) 10.97 (0.023) 3.81 (0.0058)
ɇ‰ÓÎËÌËÚ 0.11 (5⋅10
–5
) ç ÓÔ. < 0.01 (3⋅10
–6
) 0.06 (3⋅10
–5
)
ù‚ÍÒÂÌËÚ 0.44 (8⋅10
–5
) ç ÓÔ. < 0.01 (8⋅10
–8
) 0.27 (5⋅10
–5
)
ÅÎÓÏÒڇ̉ËÌ 0.05 (8.7⋅10
–6
) ç ÓÔ. 1.43 (3.3⋅10
–4
) 0.04 (6.7⋅10
–6
)
àÚÚˇÎËÚ 2 (2⋅10
–4
) ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 1.16 (1.2⋅10
–4
)
äÒÂÌÓÚËÏ 2.19 (0.0002) 0.03 (3⋅10
–6
) 0.02 (2.7⋅10
–6
) 1.38 (1.3⋅10
–4
)
ó‚ÍËÌËÚ 0.02 (1.5⋅10
–6
) ç ÓÔ. 6.14 (0.0006) 0.05 (3.2⋅10
–6
)
î„ÛÒÓÌËÚ 0.31 (1.5⋅10
–5
) 0.55 (3.2⋅10
–5
) 0.06 (3.8⋅10
–6
) 0.37 (1.8⋅10
–5
)
ÇÒÂ„Ó 10.53 (0.0085) 2.24 (0.003) 18.62 (0.024) 7.14 (0.006)
퇷Îˈ‡ 11.50
ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ Er (%), ÒÍÓ̈ÂÌÚËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ ‚ χÍÒËÏË̇·ı
χ„χÚ˘ÂÒÍËı ÔÓÓ‰ „‡ÌËÚÌÓ-„ÌÂÈÒÓ‚Ó„Ó ÒÎÓfl
凄χÚ˘ÂÒÍËÂ
ÔÓÓ‰˚ ‚ ˆÂÎÓÏ
臇Ò·̈˚
Ç ˆÂÎÓÏ
éÚÓÏÂÚ‡ÏÓÙ˘ÂÒÍË ÔÓÓ‰˚
Ç ˆÂÎÓÏ
åË̇Î˚
ɇÌËÚÓ-„ÌÂÈÒ˚
åÂÚ‡ÔÂÒ˜‡ÌËÍË
ŇÒÚÌÂÁËÚ ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 0.18 (0.0012) 0.17 (0.001)
éÚËÚ 1.08 (0.0012) 4.24 (0.008) 3.99 (0.0071) 4.57 (0.0066) 4.2 (0.0056)
äÒÂÌÓÚËÏ ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 1.78 (7.5⋅10
–5
) 1.45 (6.2⋅10
–5
)
ÇÒÂ„Ó 1.08 (0.0012) 4.24 (0.008) 3.99 (0.0071) 6.53 (0.0079) 5.82 (0.0067)
퇷Îˈ‡ 11.51
ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ çÓ (%), ÒÍÓ̈ÂÌÚËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ ‚ χÍÒËÏË̇·ı ÏÂÚ‡ÏÓÙ˘ÂÒÍËı ÔÓÓ‰
臇ÏÂÚ‡ÏÓÙ˘ÂÒÍË ÔÓÓ‰˚
臇Ò·̈˚ Ç ˆÂÎÓÏ
éÚÓÏÂÚ‡ÏÓÙ˘ÂÒÍË ÔÓÓ‰˚
Ç ˆÂÎÓÏ
åË̇Î˚
ɇÌËÚÓ-„ÌÂÈÒ˚åÂÚ‡ÔÂÒ˜‡ÌËÍË
éÚËÚ 0.93 5.25 4.97 4.78 5.8 4.36
(0.0012) (0.008) (0.0071) (0.0066) (0.008) (0.0056)
äÒÂÌÓÚËÏ ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 0.88 ç ÓÔ. 0.78
(7.5⋅10
–5
) (6.2⋅10
–5
)
ÇÒÂ„Ó 0.93 5.25 4.97 5.66 5.8 5.14
(0.0012) (0.008) (0.0071) (0.0067) (0.008) (0.0057)
퇷Îˈ‡ 11.52
ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ Er (%), ÒÍÓ̈ÂÌÚËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ ‚ χÍÒËÏË̇·ı ÏÂÚ‡ÏÓÙ˘ÂÒÍËı ÔÓÓ‰
臇ÏÂÚ‡ÏÓÙ˘ÂÒÍË ÔÓÓ‰˚
åÂÚ‡ËÓÎËÚ˚
260
ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ
Yb, %
ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ
Yb, %
ëÓ‰ÂʇÌËÂ
ÏË̇ÎÓ‚, %
ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ
Yb, %
ëÓ‰ÂʇÌËÂ
ÏË̇ÎÓ‚, %
ÇÂıÌflfl ˜‡ÒÚ¸ ÍÓÌÚËÌÂÌ-
ڇθÌÓÈ ÍÓ˚
åË̇Î˚
ëÓ‰ÂʇÌËÂ
ÏË̇ÎÓ‚, %
ɇÌËÚÌÓ-„ÌÂÈÒÓ‚˚È ÒÎÓÈ
êËÌÍÓÎËÚ 0.09 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 6.9⋅10
–9
< 0.01 5.3⋅10
–9
< 0.01
éÚËÚ 0.3 6⋅10
–5
0.9 0.0063 7.26 0.0048 5.74
ɇ‰ÓÎËÌËÚ 0.6 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 5.2⋅10
–6
0.01 4⋅10
–6
0.01
ó‚ÍËÌËÚ 0.67 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 5.5⋅10
–7
< 0.01 4.2⋅10
–7
< 0.01
ÅÎÓÏÒڇ̉ËÌ 2.2 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 1.2⋅10
–6
0.01 9⋅10
–7
0.01
ù‚ÍÒÂÌËÚ 2.3 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 8.6⋅10
–6
0.08 6.6⋅10
–6
0.06
äÒÂÌÓÚËÏ 2.3 1⋅10
–5
0.12 4.6⋅10
–5
0.41 3.7⋅10
–5
0.34
àÚÚˇÎËÚ 4.06 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 2.1⋅10
–5
0.33 1.6⋅10
–5
0.26
î„ÛÒÓÌËÚ 5.2 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 3.1⋅10
–6
0.06 2.4⋅10
–6
0.05
ëÛÏχ 7⋅10
–5
0.21 0.0064 8.16 0.0049 6.47
퇷Îˈ‡ 11.53
êÓθ χÍÒËÏË̇ÎÓ‚ Í‡Í ÌÓÒËÚÂÎÂÈ Yb ‚ ‚ÂıÌÂÈ ˜‡ÒÚË ÍÓÌÚËÌÂÌڇθÌÓÈ ÍÓ˚
ëÓ‰ÂʇÌËÂ
Yb ‚ ÏËÌÂ-
‡Î‡ı, %
éÒ‡‰Ó˜Ì˚È ÒÎÓÈ
ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ
Lu, %
ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ
Lu, %
ëÓ‰ÂʇÌËÂ
ÏË̇ÎÓ‚, %
ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ
Lu, %
ëÓ‰ÂʇÌËÂ
ÏË̇ÎÓ‚, %
ÇÂıÌflfl ˜‡ÒÚ¸ ÍÓÌÚËÌÂÌ-
ڇθÌÓÈ ÍÓ˚
åË̇Î˚
ëÓ‰ÂʇÌËÂ
ÏË̇ÎÓ‚, %
ɇÌËÚÌÓ-„ÌÂÈÒÓ‚˚È ÒÎÓÈ
éÚËÚ 0.06 6⋅10
–5
0.11 0.0063 7.13 0.0048 6
ÅÎÓÏÒڇ̉ËÌ 0.25 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 1.2⋅10
–6
0.01 9⋅10
–7
< 0.01
ù‚ÍÒÂÌËÚ 0.2 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 8.6⋅10
–6
0.03 6.6⋅10
–6
0.03
ó‚ÍËÌËÚ 0.45 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 5.5⋅10
–7
< 0.01 4.2⋅10
–7
< 0.01
àÚÚˇÎËÚ 0.61 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 2.1⋅10
–5
0.24 1.6⋅10
–5
0.2
äÒÂÌÓÚËÏ 0.7 1⋅10
–5
0.22 4.6⋅10
–5
0.66 3.7⋅10
–5
0.58
î„ÛÒÓÌËÚ 1.2 ç ÓÔ. ç ÓÔ. 3.1⋅10
–6
0.07 2.4⋅10
–6
0.06
ÇÒÂ„Ó 7⋅10
–5
0.33 0.0064 8.15 0.0049 6.87
퇷Îˈ‡ 11.54
êÓθ χÍÒËÏË̇ÎÓ‚ Í‡Í ÌÓÒËÚÂÎÂÈ Lu ‚ ‚ÂıÌÂÈ ˜‡ÒÚË ÍÓÌÚËÌÂÌڇθÌÓÈ ÍÓ˚
ëÓ‰ÂʇÌËÂ
Lu ‚ ÏËÌÂ-
‡Î‡ı, %
éÒ‡‰Ó˜Ì˚È ÒÎÓÈ
Ç ˆÂÎÓÏ
ÇÛÎ͇ÌÓ„ÂÌÌ˚ ÔÓÓ‰˚
Ç ˆÂÎÓÏ
åË̇Î˚
äËÒÎ˚ÂèÂÒÍË Ë ÔÂÒ˜‡ÌËÍË
éÚËÚ < 0.01 (7⋅10
–8
) < 0.01 (1.8⋅10
–8
) 3.6 (0.003) 0.15 (1⋅10
–4
) 0.54 (4⋅10
–4
)
äÒÂÌÓÚËÏ 0.51 (4⋅10
–5
) 0.12 (1⋅10
–5
) 0.281 (3⋅10
–5
) ç ÓÔ. 0.04 (3.6⋅10
–6
)
ÇÒÂ„Ó 0.51 (4⋅10
–5
) 0.12 (1⋅10
–5
) 3.88 (0.003) 0.15 (1⋅10
–4
) 0.58 (4⋅10
–4
)
퇷Îˈ‡ 11.55
ÑÓÎË Ï‡ÒÒ Yb (%), ÒÍÓ̈ÂÌÚËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ ‚ χÍÒËÏË̇·ı
„ÓÌ˚ı ÔÓÓ‰ ÓÒ‡‰Ó˜ÌÓ„Ó ÒÎÓfl
éÒ‡‰Ó˜Ì˚ ÔÓÓ‰˚
ë‰ÌËÂ
èËϘ‡ÌËÂ. á‰ÂÒ¸ Ë ‚ ÔÓÒÎÂ‰Û˛˘Ëı Ú‡·Îˈ‡ı ‚ ÒÍӷ͇ı – ÒÓ‰ÂʇÌË ÏË̇ÎÓ‚, %.