Foyster E., Whatley C.A. A History of Everyday Life in Scotland, 1600-1800

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332 Index

Society for the Reformation of

Manners, 197

Somerville, Alexander, 172, 180

Sommerville, Hugh, 264

sounds, 229

industrial, 223

rural, 222

and silence, 226

and social control, 226–7

urban, 218, 220, 222

Southey, Robert, 52, 69–70, 72, 77

spaces

countryside, 27, 42–6

public and private, xiii

spices, 221

spinning, 279, 282, 291

domestic, 280

ﬂ ax, 12

wool, 280

spinsterhood, 98

spoken word, 179, 180–2

sports, 208, 209 Fig. 7.2

Springﬁ eld, 73–4

springs

healing, 240

pilgrimages to, 254

stang, ride the, 207

statues, religious, 194

stethoscopy, 226

Steuart, Sir James, 252, 256

Stewart, David, of Garth, 154

Stewart, Mary, 88

Stewart, Sir James, wedding, 95

Stewartﬁ eld, 73

Stirling, townhouses, 63

Stirling, Margaret, 260

stocking knitters, 280, 287

stocks, 196

stones, healing and charming, 128, 129

Fig. 4.4

stones, medical treatment for, 117–18

story telling, 180

Strathavon, 33

street lighting, 64

strikes, 192

subsistence economy, 280, 281, 284

sugar, 155

supernatural, belief in, 235, 244–5

superstitions

and health, 109, 115, 124–32

and religion, 147, 228, 238, 242–4,

249

surgery, 120–1

tacksmen, 28, 33–4

tacksmens’ houses, 52–3

tailors, 297

Tain, 60

tanning, 228

tartans, 138, 146, 153–4

taskers (grain threshers), 279

taxation, 19, 138, 210

Taylor, Isobel, 99 Fig. 3.4

Taylor, Joseph, 220

Taymouth Castle, 263

tea and tea drinking, 155–6, 222

Telford, Thomas, 69

tenancies

ratio of tenant farmers to wage

earners, 283–4

reduction, 34–5

single and multiple, 28, 30 Table 1.1

testiﬁ cats, 197

textile industry, 279–80, 291–2, 293

occupations, 279

smells and sounds, 222–3

thanskgiving celebrations, 242

thatchers, 279

three, symbolic use of number,

239

time, passing of, 218–19

tobacco

boxes, 225 Fig. 8.2

as cure, 224

smell, 222, 224

tobacconists, 278

Tobermory, 68

Tomintoul, 72, 73

toothache, 240

Topham, Edward, 148

Torosay, 57

Tossach, William, 226

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Index 333

touch, 229

and disease, 224

and medicine, 226–7

murderer’s, 220

touns see farms

tourism, 262, 266–7

townhouses, 62–3

towns

abandonment of old centres, 67

and agriculture, 273–4

bell ringing, 218, 226, 287

constables, 64, 201

craft districts, 54–5

crosses moved, 64

drummers, 287, 288 Fig. 11.1

and farming, 6

and ﬁ re control, 62

fruit and vegetables, 10

gates removed, 6, 64

health and disease, 116–22

life, 5–6

magistrates, 200

new, 6, 60, 65, 72–4

ofﬁ cers, 201

pipers, 287, 288 Fig. 11.1

rebuilding, 7

and sanitation, 62, 218

social segregation in, 6

suburbs, 77

unplanned, 60, 62

township estates, 33

trades

associations, 295

epitaphs and funerary monuments,

296

guilds, 294, 295

incorporations, 201, 295

processions, 289

status, 296

traditional practices and rituals, 21,

243, 249

transport

changes, 258–61

costs, 254

improvements, 164

and poverty, 255

state, 253, 257–8

traditional, 256–8

see also bridges, carts, carriages,

ferry crossings, fords, roads, sea

travel

travel for leisure, 262–7

travellers’ accommodation, 263–5

trepanning, 121

Tummel, 68

turnpike roads, 59, 64, 261

Turriff, 63

typhoid, 114

typhus, 120

ulcers, 120

Ullapool, 68

union of the parliaments (1707), 15,

16, 20

universities, 18, 169

urbanisation, 4, 5

vagrancy, 103, 193, 202–3, 276

venereal disease, 113, 225, 227

Vesalius, Andreas, 110

vigilante associations, 201

villages, planned, 6, 9

violence, 20, 101, 115, 201, 202, 203

in sport, 208, 209

visitors’ accounts, 2–3

wages, 12–13

female, 13, 282, 287

walking, 5, 254

war, injury in, 115

water, blessing with holy, 236, 240

Watt, John, 173

weather and seasons, 3, 21, 102, 273

and calendars of work, 38, 39–40

Table 1.3

weavers’ headstone, Kilispindie, 295

Fig. 11.2

weaving, 291–2, 296

handloom, 12

linen, 282

Webster, Alexander, 84, 86, 88

Webster’s census (1755), 84, 86, 88

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334 Index

Wedderburn, Sir John, 122

weddings

penny weddings, 96, 208

upper class, 95–6

weights and measures, adoption of

English, 19

wells

healing, 127–8, 130 Fig. 4.5, 228

pilgrimages to, 194, 237, 238, 240–

1, 243, 244, 254–5

Wesley, John, 221

whippings, 92, 207

whisky distilling, 204, 283

Whithorn, 59, 61 Fig. 2.5

Whitworth, Robert, 267

whooping cough, 114, 240

Wick, 68

widowhood, 98

wigs and wigmakers, 148, 278

Wigtown, 62

William of Orange, 16

Williamson, Peter, 177

Wilson, Agnes, clothing inventory,

142, 158–9

Wilson, William, 85 Fig. 3.1

windows, stained glass, 194

winters, effect of hard, 285

witchcraft, 109, 111, 126–7, 193, 200,

217, 245, 246–7

wits, loss of one’s, cure for, 235–6

Wodrow, Robert, 178

wise women, 111; see also witchcraft

women-only households, 277

Wood, Francis, 144

wool-spinning, 280

woollens, 140

words, esoteric, use of, 239

Wordsworth, Dorothy, 52, 57, 62, 72,

work

and accidents, 286

and age, 275

farming calendars, 38, 39–40 Table

1.3

gender differentiation, 275, 284

and leisure, 289

piece work, 282

rewards for, 280–7

and status, 294–7

task-oriented, 287

and timekeeping, 205, 287–8, 290

workers’ combinations, 192, 285

working day, 205, 287–8

working week, 290

worms, intestinal, 114

wound dressing, 120

Wright, Andrew, 55

wrights, 278, 284

writing

in English, 16

in Latin, 16

letter, 19, 164, 177–9, 182, 196

teaching of, 167

in vernacular, 17

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