Fisher John P. e.a. (ed.) Tissue Engineering

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mikos: “index” — 2007/4/9 — 17:48 — page8—#8

I-8 Index

Penile prostheses, engineered,

29-9–29-10

Perfusion chambers

and ﬂow perfusion systems,

15-4

Peripheral nervous system (PNS),

19-1, 19-2, 19-12

Perlecan, 3-7, 3-10, 3-15, 31-6

Persistent random walk, 6-2–6-3,

6-9–6-10

Phagocytosis, 7-4

Pharmaceutical and Medical

Devices Evaluation Center

(PMDEC), 17-11, 17-12

Pharmaceutical and Medical

Safety Bureau (PMSB),

17-11

Pharmaceutical/medical human

tissue products,

regulation of

in Europe, 17-10–17-11

in Japan, 17-11–17-12

Pharmacokinetics, 13-2

Phase-contrast microscopy, 4-2

Photolithographic photomasks,

19-7

Photolithography, 19-6, 30-7

Physical delivery methods, for

gene delivery, 14-6

Pigmentation, 18-8, 18-9

Placental growth factor (PlGF),

6-4

Plasmids, 9-10, 13-14, 14-2, 14-8,

14-9, 21-8

Platelet derived growth factor

(PDGFs), 2-3, 5-3, 6-4,

18-10, 21-6–21-7, 24-3

PGDF-AA, 21-6

PDGF-BB, 6-4, 21-6–21-7

Platen abutment, 4-9

Pluronic™, 3-11, 22-5

Podocyte, 3-3, 31-5, 31-6, 31-7

Poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM),

14-4–14-5

Poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL),

8-7–8-8

Poly(d,l-lactic acid-co-glycolic

acid) (PLGA), 6-6, 7-9,

8-6–8-7, 13-13, 13-14,

14-8, 16-4

Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS),

19-7, 30-7

Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG),

3-12, 8-9, 10-4, 11-6,

22-5, 24-5–24-6, 26-7,

30-13

Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), 8-9,

22-5

Poly(ethylenimine) (PEI), 14-4,

14-6–14-7

Poly(glycolic) acid (PGA),

8-5–8-6, 15-4, 24-5, 26-6,

29-9, 29-10

Poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA), 8-6,

11-6

Poly(l-lysine), 14-4

Poly(methylmethacrylate)

(PMMA), 11-6, 11-7,

23-13

Poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF),

8-8, 11-3

Polyanhydride, 8-8–8-9

Polycarbonate, 8-9

Polyesters, 8-5–8-8, 29-3

PCL, 8-7–8-8

PGA, 8-5–8-6, 15-4, 24-5,

26-6, 29-9, 29-10

PLGA, 6-6, 7-9, 8-6–8-7,

13-13, 13-14, 14-8,

16-4

PLLA, 8-6, 11-6

POE, 8-8

PPF, 8-8, 11-3

scaffolds, 22-5, 26-6–26-7

Polymer conduits, matrices

within, 19-8–19-10

Polymeric biomaterials,

3-11–3-13, 19-11,

25-5–25-6

Polymer-layered silicate

nanocomposites,

11-4–11-6

Polymers, 8-1, 13-4, 19-4, 19-14

design properties

biocompatibility, 8-11

biodegradability, 8-12,

28-6–28-7

fabrication, 8-10

macro-structure, 8-11

mechanical strength, 8-12

micro-structure, 8-10–8-11

natural polymers, 8-1–8-5,

21-8, 22-4–22-5, 24-6,

28-9

synthetic polymers, 3-11,

8-5–8-10, 21-8–21-9,

22-5–22-6, 24-5–24-6,

26-6–26-7

Polyorthoester (POE), 8-8

Polypeptides, 8-4–8-5, 14-4, 21-6

collagen, 2-3, 3-8–3-9, 8-4,

13-11, 15-11, 15-12,

19-4, 19-8, 22-4, 25-14,

26-5, 27-7, 28-9, 29-3,

32-2

gelatin, 8-4–8-5, 13-10, 13-11,

13-12, 27-7

silk, 3-13, 8-5, 15-9

Polyphosphazene, 8-9

Polysaccharides, 8-1, 8-2–8-4

agarose, 8-2, 19-8, 22-4–22-5

alginate, 8-2–8-3, 13-11,

13-13, 14-5, 22-5,

23-17, 29-3, 29-10

chitosan, 8-4, 14-5, 25-7, 28-9

hyaluronic acid, 1-3, 8-3–8-4,

22-4, 28-9–28-10

Polyurethanes, 7-5, 8-10, 11-6,

21-9, 26-2, 28-7

Porosity, 8-2, 9-3, 9-4–9-5, 15-4,

15-9, 25-6, 27-13

macroporosity, 9-5, 9-8

microporosity, 9-5, 9-8

Postnatal stem cells, 32-7, 32-8

Prechondrocytes, 1-3

Prefabrication, 8-10

“Preferential exclusion” theory,

12-11

Preservation deﬁnition, 12-1

Pressure, 4-9, 9-5, 12-4, 13-3,

15-7, 15-11, 22-6,

25-15–25-16, 28-4, 29-9,

31-4

Pro Osteon™, 9-6

Product license application, 17-9

Proline–histidine–serine–

arginine–asparagine

(PHSRN), 5-6

Prometheus System, 30-5

Promoter targeting, see

Expression-targeting

“Proposed Approach”, 17-2, 17-6

Protease-degradable materials,

10-3–10-4

Protein drug properties,

13-5–13-7

Proteoglycans, 2-3, 3-2, 3-6, 3-10,

8-4, 22-4, 28-2, 33-9

Proximal tubule cells, 31-8, 31-9,

31-11

Public Health Service (PHS) Act,

17-8

Section 351, 17-2, 17-5, 17-9

Section 351(a), 17-4

Section 361, 17-2, 17-6

Section 361(a), 17-9

Pulmonary endocrine cells, 33-4,

33-5

Pulmonary valves, 28-2, 28-6,

28-12

Puros Tutoplast

, 9-6

Quality System Regulations, see

Current good

manufacturing practices

(cGMPs)

Rapid freeze prototyping, 25-10,

25-11

Reconstituted Human Epidermis

model, 18-5

Regenerative strategies, of tooth

dentin tissue regeneration,

32-8–32-9

DPSCs, 32-7–32-8

mikos: “index” — 2007/4/9 — 17:48 — page9—#9

Index I-9

whole tooth regeneration,

32-9–32-10

Regulation, of engineered tissues,

17-1

FDA regulation, 17-2–17-9

and product liability,

17-12–17-13

human tissue ownership, 17-13

pharmaceutical/medical

human tissue products

regulation

in Europe, 17-10–17-11

in Japan, 17-11–17-12

Renal assistance device (RAD)

preclinical characterization,

31-9–31-12

clinical trials, 31-12

Renal replacement therapy, 31-1;

see also Mesenchymal

stem cells; Neural stem

cells

cell targeting, 1-6–1-7

fundamental principles,

1-3–1-4

in vitro assays, 1-4

muscle-derived stem cells,

20-1–20-10

Stoichiometry, 9-3

Stretch, 4-9, 15-12, 25-15, 26-8,

27-7, 27-11

Submucosa, 25-3, 29-3,

29-5–29-6; see also Small

intestinal submucosa

Substratum adhesiveness, 5-11,

6-6

SureDerm, 18-3

Surface electrical capacitance

(SEC), 18-8

Swelling phenomena, 8-9, 12-9,

13-4

Syndecan, 3-10

Synergraft™ valve, 28-8, 28-12,

28-13

Synovial ﬂuid, 23-2, 23-4–23-5,

23-19

Synthetic ECM

polymer scaffolds, 24-5–24-6

self-assembly, 24-4–24-5

Synthetic hydrogels, 10-3, 16-5,

19-8

Synthetic polymers, 3-11,

21-8–21-9, 22-5–22-6,

24-5–24-6

hydrogels, 3-15, 8-4, 8-11,

13-11, 13-12, 19-8,

19-10, 22-5, 23-17,

24-5–24-6, 26-7

poly(ethylene glycol), 3-12,

8-9, 10-4, 11-6, 22-5,

24-5–24-6, 26-7, 30-13

poly(ethylene oxide), 8-9, 22-5

polyanhydride, 8-8–8-9

polycarbonate, 8-9

polyesters, 6-6, 7-9, 8-5–8-8,

11-3, 11-6, 13-13,

13-14, 14-8, 15-4, 16-4,

24-5, 26-6–26-7, 29-9,

29-10

polyphosphazene, 8-9

polyurethane, 7-5, 8-10, 11-6,

21-9, 26-2, 28-7

T (thymus-derived) lymphocytes,

7-7, 7-8, 7-10, 14-9

Teﬂon–Proplast implant, 23-10

Temporary liver support,

extracorporeal

bioartiﬁcal livers, 30-6–30-13

dialysis and ﬁltration systems,

30-5–30-6

whole liver perfusion,

30-3–30-5

mikos: “index” — 2007/4/9 — 17:48 — page 10 — #10

I-10 Index

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ),

23-1

biomechanical behavior and

failure, 23-7–23-8

conditions, affecting,

23-8–23-9

gross anatomy and function,

23-2–23-5

microscopic anatomy,

23-6–23-7

reconstruction

cellular issues, 23-16–23-17

current methods,

23-9–23-15

scaffold issues, 23-17–23-18

signals and stimulation

issues, 23-18

speciﬁc issues, 23-18–23-19

tissue engineering future,

23-19–23-20

tissue engineering

motivation and

philosophy,

23-15–23-16

Tenascin, 3-10

Tenascin C, 3-6, 15-12

Tendon, 1-4, 15-5, 15-11–15-12,

20-9–20-10

Therapeutic cloning, 27-10,

29-13–29-17

kidney, 29-15–29-17

mitochondrial DNA

analysis,

29-16–29-17

muscle, 29-14–29-15

Thermodynamic state, roles of

and molecular mobility, in

biopreservation, 12-1

storage, 12-14–12-15

water–solute interactions

and intracellular

transport, 12-3–12-6

Thrombospondin-1, 3-10

Tissucol®, 3-12

Tissue cardiomyoplasty,

27-2–27-3

Tissue engineered vascular graft

(TEVG), 26-3, 26-4–26-5,

26-6, 26-7, 26-9

Tissue engineering deﬁnition,

20-2

Tissue growth and cell migration

mathematical models,

6-10–6-12

Tissue Reference Group (TRG),

17-5

TMJ Concepts

, 23-13–23-15

Tracheal tissue engineering, 33-1

tracheal reconstruction,

33-5–33-8

Traction force, 4-2–4-4, 4-5, 4-6

TranCell, 18-3

TransCyte

, 18-3, 18-4

Transdermal

photopolymerization

technique, 22-5, 22-6

Transdifferentiation, 1-5

Transforming growth factor-α

(TGF-α), 6-4

Transforming growth factor-β

(TGF-β), 1-3, 9-12, 13-7,

20-9, 21-6, 22-3, 22-7,

26-7

Transforming growth factor-β1

(TGF-β1), 3-15–3-16,

4-12, 6-4, 20-4–20-5

Transmembrane water transport

effects, 12-6

Transmission electron

microscopy (TEM), 3-3,

3-5, 3-8, 3-9, 33-12

Tricalcium phosphate (TCP),

9-3–9-4

Tricuspid valve, 28-2, 28-3

tRNA, 29-16, 29-17

Tyrosine derived polycarbonate

(P(DTR carbonate)), 8-9

Tyrosine–isoleucine–glycine–

serine–aspartic acid

(YIGSR), 3-7, 5-7

U.S.C.

Section 360c(a)(1)(C), 17-8

Section 360c(c)(2)(C), 17-8

Ultrafast cooling, vitriﬁcation by,

12-13

Uniform Anatomical Gift Act

(1987), 17-13

Urea synthesis, 30-7, 30-8

Urologic organs regeneration,

29-1

biomaterials

types, 29-2–29-3

bladder, 29-5–29-7

cell growth, 29-2

corporal tissues

reconstruction,

29-7–29-9

genital tissues, 29-7

injectable therapies,

29-10–29-11

penile prostheses, engineered,

29-9–29-10

stem cells, 29-11–29-13

therapeutic cloning,

29-13–29-17

kidney, 29-15–29-17

muscle, 29-14–29-15

urethra, 29-3–29-5

Valvular endothelial cells (VECs),

28-4–28-5, 28-10

Valvular interstitial cells (VICs),

28-4–28-6, 28-10, 28-13

Vascular anastomoses, 33-7

Vascular endothelial growth

factors (VEGFs), 2-3,

3-16, 13-7, 13-12, 14-10,

20-5–20-6, 21-5, 26-4

Vascular grafts, 15-6–15-7, 26-1

bioreactors, for mechanical

conditioning, 26-8

cell sources, 26-3–26-4

current vascular grafts,

26-1–26-2

genetic modiﬁcation,

26-4–26-5

scaffolds, 26-5–26-7

tissue engineering, 26-2–26-3

Vascularization, 13-1, 13-12,

16-3, 18-4, 18-7, 18-9,

21-8, 25-14, 29-16, 33-13

Vasopressin, 31-4, 31-7

Velcro

, 3-4

Ventricularis, 28-2

Vitek

Corporation, 23-10

Vitriﬁcation, 12-11–12-13, 12-14

by desiccation, 12-13

by ultrafast cooling, 12-13

Vitronectin, 3-7, 5-6

Water mobility, 12-4, 12-6, 12-9,

12-13

“Water replacement hypothesis”,

12-11

Water–solute interactions and

intracellular transport,

12-3–12-6

intracellular water and

molecular mobility,

12-4–12-6

transmembrane water

transport effects, 12-6

Whole liver perfusion technique,

extracorporeal, 30-3–30-5

Whole tooth regeneration in vivo,

32-9–32-10

World Technology Evaluation

Center (WTEC), 17-11

Wound-healing model, 6-12

YABA-like virus, 14-3