Elder K. Human preimplantation embryo selection

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Human Preimplantation

Embryo Selection

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REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE & ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE

TECHNIQUES SERIES

Series Editors

David K Gardner DPhil

Colorado Center for Reproductive Medicine, Englewood, CO, USA

Jan Gerris MD PhD

Professor of Gynecology, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium

Zeev Shoham MD

Director, Infertility Unit, Kaplan Hospital, Rehovot, Israel

Published Titles

Gerris, Delvigne and Olivennes, Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome

ISBN 978 1842143285

Sutcliffe, Health and Welfare of ART Children

ISBN 9780415379304

Tan, Chian and Buckett, In-vitro Maturation of Human Oocytes

ISBN 978 1842143322

Keck, Tempfer and Hugues, Conservation Infertility Management

ISBN 978 0415384513

Pellicer and Simón, Stem Cells in Human Reproduction

ISBN 978 0415397773

Forthcoming Titles

Tucker and Liebermann, Vitrification in Assisted Reproduction

ISBN 978 0415408820

Aplin, Fazleabas, Glasser, Giudice, The Endometrium, second edition

ISBN 978 0415385831

HPE_Prelims.qxp 7/18/2007 2:59 PM Page ii

Human Preimplantation

Embryo Selection

Edited by

Kay Elder

MD PhD

Bourn Hall Clinic

Cambridge

Jacques Cohen PhD

Reprogenetics and Tyho–Galileo Research Laboratories

Livingston, NJ

USA

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First published in the United Kingdom in 2007 by Informa Healthcare, Telephone House, 69–77 Paul Street, London

EC2A 4LQ. Informa Healthcare is a trading division of Informa UK Ltd. Registered Office: 37/41 Mortimer Street,

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Although every effort has been made to ensure that all owners of copyright material have been acknowledged in this

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For detailed prescribing information or instructions on the use of any product or procedure discussed herein,

please consult the prescribing information or instructional material issued by the manufacturer.

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Data available on application

ISBN-10: 0 415 39973 4

ISBN-13: 978 0 415 39973 9

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HPE_Prelims.qxp 7/18/2007 2:59 PM Page iv

Contents

List of contributors vii

Preface xi

Acknowledgments xiii

Section I: Morphology

1. Human oocyte and embryo assessment for ART 1

A Henry Sathananthan and Sulochana Gunasheela

2. The zona pellucida and markers of oocyte and embryo viability 15

Anette Gabrielsen and Svend Lindenberg

3. Morphology and kinetics of human pronuclei 21

Jan Tesarik, Raquel Mendoza-Tesarik, Ermanno Greco, and Carmen Mendoza

4. Human pronuclei as a mode of predicting viability 31

Aidita N James

5. Multinucleation and mosaicism in the human preimplantation embryo 41

Renee Walmsley

6. The origins and consequences of fragmentation in mammalian eggs and embryos 51

Mina Alikani

7. Analysis of blastocyst morphology 79

David K Gardner, John Stevens, Courtney B Sheehan, and William B Schoolcraft

8. Morphometric analysis of human embryos 89

Christina Hnida and Søren Ziebe

9. Development rate, cumulative scoring, and embryonic viability 101

Christine C Skiadas and Catherine Racowsky

10. Human embryo cryopreservation and its effects on embryo morphology 123

James J Stachecki and Klaus Wiemer

11. Manipulating embryo development 135

Jacques Cohen

Section II: Metabolism and Immunolgoy

12. Assessment of soluble human leukocyte antigen G in human embryos 145

Jeffrey D Fisch, Levent Keskintepe, and Geoffrey Sher

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CONTENTS

13. Immunological aspects of embryo development 155

Carol M Warner

14. Nitric oxide regulation of the preimplantation embryo 169

Yvette M Huet-Hudson

15. Uptake and release of metabolites in human preimplantation embryos 179

Fabienne Devreker

16. Preimplantation embryo metabolism and embryo interaction with the in vitro environment 191

Yves J R Ménézo and Pierre Guérin

Section III: Genetic Aberrations and Embryo Selection

17. Polar body chromosome abnormalities and their consequences for human embryo development 201

Anver Kuliev and Yury Verlinsky

18. Chromosomal status of human embryos 209

Santiago Munné and Luca Gianaroli

19. Genomic imprinting and consequences for embryonic development 235

Henry E Malter

20. Selection of viable embryos and gametes by rapid, non-invasive metabolomic profiling

of oxidative stress biomarkers 245

James T Posillico and The Metabolomics Study Group for Assisted Reproductive Technologies

21. Gene expression analysis in the human oocyte and embryo 263

Nury M Steuerwald

22. Mitochondria in reproduction: future assays for embryo selection 275

Brian Dale, Loredana Di Matteo, and Martin Wilding

23. Future genetic and other technologies for assessing embryos 287

Dagan Wells

Section IV: Pre-Fertilization Parameters

24. Oocyte selection in contemporary clinical IVF: do follicular markers of oocyte competence exist? 301

Jonathan Van Blerkom and Susan W Trout

25. Sperm DNA and embryo development 325

Denny Sakkas and Emre Seli

26. The sperm centriole: its effect on the developing embryo 337

Calvin R Simerly and Christopher S Navara

Index 355

HPE_Prelims.qxp 7/18/2007 2:59 PM Page vi

Mina Alikani PhD

Tyho-Galileo Research Laboratories

Livingston, NJ

USA

Jacques Cohen

PhD

Reprogenetics and Tyho–Galileo Research Laboratories

Livingston, NJ

USA

Brian Dale

PhD DSc

Director of Research

Centre for Reproductive Biology

Clinica Villa del Sole

Naples

Italy

Fabienne Devreker

Md PhD

Clinic of Fertility

Hospital Erasme

Brussels

Belgium

Loredana Di Matteo

BSc

Facolta di Medicina e Chirurgia

II Università degli Studi di Napoli

Naples

Italy

Kay Elder

MD PhD

Boum Hall Clinic

Cambridge

Jeffrey D Fisch

MD FACOG

Sher Institute for Reproductive Medicine

Las Vegas, NV

USA

Anette Gabrielsen

Ciconia Research and Development Aps

Copenhagen

Denmark

David K Gardner

DPhil

Scientific Director

Colorado Center for Reproductive Medicine

Englewood, CO

USA

Luca Gianaroli

Reproductive Medicine Unit

Italian Society for the Study of

Reproductive Medicine

Bologna

Italy

Ermanno Greco

Center of Assisted Reproduction

European Hospital

Rome

Italy

Pierre Guérin

PhD

Ecole Véténaire Lyon

Marcy l’étoile cedex

France

Contributors

HPE_Prelims.qxp 7/18/2007 2:59 PM Page vii

LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS

viii

Sulochana Gunasheela MD FRCOG

Gunasheela IVF & Research Center

Bangalore

India

Christina Hnida, Cand Scient

Laboratory Director

The Fertility Clinic

Herlev Hospital

Copenhagen

Denmark

Yvette M Huet-Hudson

PhD

Professor of Biology

University of North Carolina at Charlotte,

Charlotte, NC

USA

Aidita N James

PhD

Associate Laboratory Director

The A.R.T. Institute of Washington, Inc.

Walter Reed Army Medical Center

Washington, DC

USA

Svend Lindenberg

The Fertility Clinic

Herlev University Hospital

Copenhagen

Denmark

Levent Keskintepe

PhD HCLD

Executive Laboratory Director

Sher Institute for Reproductive Medicine

Las Vegas, NV

USA

Anver Kuliev

MD PhD

Reproductive Genetics Institute

Chicago, IL

USA

Henry E Malter

PhD HCLD

Scientific and Laboratory Director

Tower Fertility Center

Hackensack, NJ

USA

Yves J R Ménézo

PhDDSc

TC Laboratoire de Procréation médicalement assistée

Clinique du val d’Ouest

Ecully cedex

France

Carmen Mendoza

PhD

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

University of Granada

Granada

Spain

Raquel Mendoza-Tesarik

MAR & Gen Clinic

Granada

Spain

Santiago Munné

PhD

Reprogenetics

Livingston, NJ

USA

Christopher S Navara

PhD

Assistant Professor, Pittsburgh Development Center of

Magee-Womens Research Institute

University of Pittsburgh Medical School

Pittsburgh, PA

USA

James T Posillico

Brigham and Women’s Hospital

Boston

USA

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LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS

Catherine Racowsky PhD

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Brigham and Women’s Hospital

Boston, MA

USA

Denny Sakkas

PhD

Associate Professor

Yale University School Medicine

New Haven, CT

USA

A Henry Sathananthan

Monash Immunology and Stem Cell Laboratories

Melbourne

Australia

William B Schoolcraft

Medical Director

Colorado Center for Reproductive Medicine

Englewood, CO

USA

Emre Seli

Yale University School of Medicine

New Haven, CT

USA

Courtney B Sheehan

Colorado Center for Reproductive Medicine

Englewood, CO

USA

Geoffrey Sher

MD FACOG

University of Nevada

School of Medicine

Reno, NV

USA

Calvin R Simerly

PhD

Pittsburgh Development Center of Magee-Womens

Research Institute

University of Pittsburgh Medical School

Pittsburgh, PA

USA

Christine C Skiadas

Brigham and Women’s Hospital

Harvard Medical School

Boston, MA

USA

James J Stachecki

PhD

Tyho-Galileo Research Laboratories

Livingston, NJ

USA

Nury M Steuerwald

PhD

A.R.T. Institute of New York and New Jersey, NJ

USA

and

University of North Carolina at Charlotte

Charlotte, NC

USA

John Stevens

Colorado Center for Reproductive Medicine

Englewood, CO

USA

Jan Tesarik

MAR&Gen Clinic

Granada

Spain

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