Цыбина Е.А., Нудько В.А. Английский язык
Подождите немного. Документ загружается.
21
CASE 3
Mr. and Mrs. Davies were married for 18 years and had one daughter. When they got
divorced in 1977, Mr. Davies re-married and his new wife looked after him through
his illness until his death in 1990. In his will he left to his daughter, to his first wife,
to a lover in London and to his golf club. His second wife demanded that the will be
changed.
Your decision
Should the will be changed in any way?
CASE 4
Mrs. James is stabbed by Mr. Jordan during a row, and starts to lose a lot of blood.
She is taken to hospital where it is said that her condition is not critical but she needs
a blood transfusion. However, she belongs to a religious sect which does not believe
in blood transfusions. She refuses to have one, and dies.
Your decision
Should Mr. Jordan be charged for murder or manslaughter? What should his
punishment be? Are the hospital at all responsible?
CASE 5
Mrs. Williams, aged 85, was terminally ill and in great pain. She was given an
overdose of sleeping pills by her daughter, who could not bear to see her mother
suffering.
Your decision
Should the daughter be prosecuted?
18. Choose the most suitable word or phrase underlined in each sentence
a) Sally didn’t realise that she had broken/countered/denied
the law.
b) The police have banned/cancelled/refused
parking in this street.
c) I must remember to get a/an agreement/licence/permission for my television.
d) The president admitted that there had been a breakdown of law and
crime/government/order
.
e) Jim’s parents wouldn’t agree/allow/let
him go to the demonstration
f) Carlos was arrested because he had entered the country falsely/illegally/wrongly.
g) Talking to other students is against the law/orders/rules
of the examinator.
h) The two men were arrested before they could commit/make/perform
any more
crimes.
i) I had to take the company to court/justice/law
to get the money they owed me.
j) Smoking is compulsory/prohibited/refused
near the petrol tanks.
19. Match each person in the list with the description given.
blackmailer forger hooligan murderer shoplifter vandal
burglar hijacker kidnapper pickpocket smuggler witness
a) This person takes control of a plane or boat by force _________.
b) This person sees what happens during a crime or accident_________.
c) This person brings goods into the country illegally_________.
d) This person might steal food from a supermarket_________.
22
e) This person kills someone on purpose_________.
f) This person takes people and demands money for their return_________.
g) This person makes illegal copies of paintings, documents etc_________.
h) This person damages other people’s property_________.
i) This person might steal your wallet in a crowd_________.
j) This person steals from houses________.
k) This person gets money from others by threatening to tell secrets_______.
l) This person causes trouble at football matches________.
20. Complete each part sentence a) to j) with one of the endings 1) to 10). Use each
ending once only.
a) I decided to buy a burglar alarm after someone broke________.
b) When Alan was stopped outside the supermarket he ended___________.
c) As it was Sheila’s first offence she was let ________.
d) After climbing over the prison wall, Peter managed to get_________.
e) The old couple who live opposite were taken _________.
f) At the end of the trial Hilary was found__________.
g) My neighbours admitted denting my car but got away__________.
h) The bank at the end of the street was held_________.
i) Nobody saw Jack cheating and he got away with_________.
j) The hijackers took fifteen people ________.
1) ____ in by a salesman who cheated them out of their money.
2) ____ away by stealing a car parked nearby.
3) ____ up at the police station, charged with shoplifting.
4) ____ it, although everyone suspected what had happened.
5) ____ into my house and stole my stereo.
6) ____ off with only a warning.
7) ____ with paying only damages.
8) ____ hostage and demanded from the authorities.
9) ____ guilty and sentenced to six months in prison.
10) ___ up by two masked men last week.
21. Complete each sentence with a word from the list. Use each word once only.
accused evidence guilty lawyer statement
charged fine jury sentence suspect
a) The customs officers arrested Bob and ________ him with smuggling.
b) The police spent all morning searching the house for________.
c) Jean left her car in a no-parking area and had to pay a/an ________
d) Unfortunately at the end of the trial my brother was found ________
e) The trial took a long time as the ________ couldn’t reach a verdict.
f) George won his case because he had a very good defence ________
g) The police visited Dawn and asked her to make a/an ________
h) Because of his past criminal record, Brian was the main ________
i) Pauline decided to sue the police because she had been wrongly ________
23
j) The murderer of the children received a life ________
22. Choose the most suitable word or phrase to complete each sentence.
a) Most schools in my country no longer have_____ punishment.
A) physical B) capital C) bodily D) corporal
b) The policemen following the robbers were in _____ clothes.
A) plain B) ordinary C) normal D) simple
c) The two old ladies were _____ of their purses.
A) stolen B) attacked C) robbed D) snatched
d) At the end of the story, the hero manages to arrest the _____.
A) offenders B) villains C) wrongs D) evils
e) I had to answer question A because it was _____.
A) compulsory B) necessary C) a must D) an obligation
f) Charles could not _____ having been at the scene of the crime.
A) refuse B) object C) deny D) alter
g) As there was no evidence, the judge dismissed the _____
A) trial B) witness C) court D) case
h) If your dog damages your neighbour’s property, you could be _____.
A) guilty B) liable C) payable D) illegal
i) After ten years in prison, Stephen was _____ and set free.
A) pardoned B) released C) innocent D) forgiven
j) The detective inspector told the young_____ to make some tea.
A) officer B) official C) guardian D) police
23. Rewrite each sentence, beginning as shown, so that the meaning stays the same.
a) They said that John had stolen the money.
They accused ____________________________________________________
b) Ian said that he hadn’t punched anybody.
Ian denied _______________________________________________________
c) ‘OK, Andy, you can go now,’ said the detective.
The detective gave Andy __________________________________________
d) ‘James Frogget, you will go to prison for ten years,’ said the judge.
The judge sentenced ______________________________________________
e) ‘I forged the signature,’ said Mary.
24
Mary admitted ___________________________________________________
f) Harry stole and was arrested.
Harry was arrested ________________________________________________
g) ‘We saw the accused break into the car,’ said the witnesses.
The witnesses stated_______________________________________________
h) Graham said that he wouldn’t go to the police station.
Graham refused___________________________________________________
i) ‘It’s true,’ said Norman, ‘I murdered Alan.’
Norman confessed to ______________________________________________
j) ‘Can you come with me, please,’ the detective said to Helen.
The detective asked _______________________________________________
24. Use the word in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the
space in the same line.
Arthur’s life of crime
At his last trial, nobody believed in Arthur’s (1)_______. He had
been accused of the (2) _______ of a valuable Chinese vase, and
was also charged with ten other (3) _______. The value of the (4)
_______ goods was said to be over Arthur said in his own (5)
_______ that the vase had been put into his car (6) _______. He
also pointed out that the Chinese vase was a fake, and was almost
(7) _______. The judge did not believe Arthur’s story. He told
Arthur he was a hardened (8) _______ and that he deserved a
severe (9) _______. Then the judge sentenced Arthur to five years
(10) _______. Arthur just smiled. He had spent most of his life in
prison and so he was used to it.
INNOCENT
THIEF
OFFEND
STEAL
DEFEND
ACCIDENT
WORTH
CRIME
PUNISH
PRISON
25. Choose the most suitable word or phrase underlined in each sentence.
a) Harry was told that fishing in the lake was against/by/over
the law.
b) Catherine led a secret life for/in/of
crime before she was caught.
c) Having trouble with your phone? Send at/for/to
Fix-a-phone!
d) I regret to tell you that you are for/in/under
arrest.
e) I only attacked the young man from/in/with
self-defence.
f) David was often at/in/with
trouble with the police when he was young.
g) The robbers’ car was hidden below/by/from
sight behind the bank.
h) The kidnappers have been caught, and the child is no longer at/in/on
danger.
i) Tony was caught by a policeman who was off/out/away from
duty and 4 cycling to
work.
j) The thieves took the wrong painting by/in/under
mistake.
k) The suspicious manager left the safe unlocked from/on/with
purpose.
l) The robbers met to plan the bank raid from/in/with
secret. 220.
25
26. Decide which A, B, C or D best fits each space.
Inspector Crumb Investigates
‘I think I know the identity of the murderer,’ said Inspector Crumb, ‘and at (1)______
one of the guests in this hotel was a/an (2) ______ to the crime, probably by
(3) ______. I believe that the same guest is also a (4) ______, and has been given
money by the killer.’ ‘So whoever (5) ______ this terrible crime is still here,’ I said.
‘But of course. In (6) ______ he – or she – is in this room, and will soon be
(7) ______ arrest.’ There was silence for a moment. I noticed that everyone was
trying to look (8) ______, but they all looked guilty instead! ‘Do you have any
(9) ______, Inspector,’ asked Lady Grimshaw finally, ‘or are you simply (10) ______
people for fun? If you intend to (11) ______ someone, you should do it now.’ The
Inspector smiled. ‘I asked you here (12) ______ purpose, Lady Grimshaw. I have
been reading your (13) ______ , you see, and it is quite clear that you have told
several (14) ______.’ ‘How dare you!’ Lady Grimshaw spluttered. ‘Do you
(15) ______ that you were with Tim Dawson in the garden on the night of the
murder?’ the Inspector said? ‘You forgot about the security cameras, you see...
1) A) last B) least C) the D) school
2) A) witness B) offender C) guilty D) verdict
3) A) now B) damages C) law D) accident
4) A) blackmailer B) hostage C) hooligan D) forger
5) A) confessed B) committed C) admitted D) performed
6) A) crime B) self-defence C) fact D) danger
7) A) to B) having C) under D) my
8) A) accused B) suspicious C) ordinary D) innocent
9) A) evidence B) witness C) permission D) body
10) A) suspecting B) suing C) denying D) accusing
11) A) trial B) charge C) sentence D) confess
12) A) with B) for C) on D) by
13) A) statement B) biography C) evident D) history
14) A) people B) errors C) times D) lies
15) A) refuse B) deny C) contradict D) suppose
27. Complete the following sentences with words from the box.
burglary robbery mugging pickpocket
a) When you steal money or a large amount of goods from a bank or a shop the crime
is called_________ .
b) Somebody who steals from your bag or pocket (usually in a crowded place) is
called a _________.
26
c) When somebody breaks into your home and steals something, the crime is
called_________.
d) When somebody steals money from you and uses violence it’s called_________ .
28. What is the person called who commits:
a) a burglary? b) a robbery? c) a mugging? d) a theft?
29. Read the comments made by three teenagers about their attitudes to stealing.
a) Where possible, decide which of their comments you agree or disagree with and
write down any comments of your own.
b) Do you sympathise with any of the young people? Is stealing more acceptable if
you’re poor? Discuss your views in groups.
c) Read what the young people said again and find two colloquial expressions which
mean steal.
30. Put the following crimes in order depending on how serious you think they are
(1 is the most important, 6 is the least important). Discuss in groups.
a) Taking clothes from a large shop without paying.
b) Mugging an old lady and taking from her.
c) Stealing from your mother’s purse.
d) Taking home things like pens and sellotape from where you work.
e) Selling stolen goods.
f) Stealing million from a bank.
Andrew: ‘If somebody
pinches some thin from a big
shop or a business or
something like that and they
get away with it, I say good
luck to them. What does it
matter? It’s not the same as
stealing off a ‘ friend or
knocking down a poor old lady
and running off with her
purse’.
Tina: ‘I’ve nicked.
loads of pens,
sellotape and things
from work. The
employers nick
things and cheat,
don’t they. If you
don’t do it they will’.
Janet: My father was
done for selling stolen
goods and went to
prison. But what else
can you do when you’re
unemployed and you’ve
got a family to bring
up?’
31. Look at the sentences below. Match the definitions of crimes to words from the box.
blackmail kidnapping arson trespass hijacking manslaughter
murder smuggling drug dealing forgery fraud mugging spying
shoplifting libel bribery burglary speeding
27
1 When someone kills someone else deliberately.
2 When someone offers you money to do something.
3 When someone steals something from your home.
4 When someone captures you and demands money for your release.
5 When someone attacks you in the street and takes your money.
6 When someone writes something false and offensive about someone.
Find out what the other words in the box mean.
32. Work in pairs. Decide on punishments for some of the crimes in the vocabulary
box.
prison sentence fine caution life sentence damages community
service disqualification
33. Read Rules of law. Now work in pairs and discuss which law you find most
amusing or strange.
Rules of law
♦ In Lancashire, it is against the law to hang male and female underwear on the
same line.
♦ In Saskatchewan, Canada, you must not drink water in a beer house.
♦ A transportation law in Texas, USA: when two trains approach each other at a
crossing, they should both stop, and neither shall start up until the other has gone.
♦ In Waterloo, Nebraska, USA, it is illegal for a barber to eat onions
between 7 a.m. and 7 p.m.
♦ The town council of Widries, Lancashire, England introduced a fine of for
those who made a habit of falling asleep in the reading rooms of libraries.
♦ Duelling in Paraguay is legal as long as both participants are registered
blood donors.
♦ In New York City there is still a law which makes it illegal for women to
smoke in public.
♦ The citizens of Kentucky, USA, are required by law to take a bath once a
year.
♦ In 1659 it became illegal to celebrate Christmas in Massachusetts.
♦ In New York State you are not allowed to shoot at a rabbit from a moving
trolley car. You have to get off the car, or wait for it to come to a complete stop,
then fire away.
♦ In Malaysia it is against the law to dance on the backs of turtles.
♦ In Madagascar it is illegal for pregnant women to wear hats or eat eels.
♦ In Alaska, USA, it is illegal to look at a moose from the window of an airplane
or any other flying vehicle.
♦ It is illegal to hunt camels in the state of Arizona, USA.
28
♦ In Indiana, USA, it is against the law to travel on a bus within four hours of
eating garlic.
♦ During the reign of Elizabeth 1, the wearing of hats was made compulsory
in England.
♦ In 1937 in Hungary spring cleaning became compulsory. All lofts and cellars
had to be cleaned.
34. Answer the questions. Try to do this in one minute.
1. Where can’t barbers eat onions during the day?
2. Where and when did you have to wear a hat?
3. Where and when did you have to clean out your lofts and cellars?
4. What must two trains do at a crossing in Texas?
5. What mustn’t you do if you’ve just eaten some garlic?
6. What mustn’t you do from an airplane window?
35. Work in pairs. Here are some possible reasons why some of the laws were
introduced. Match the reason and the law.
1. Because it makes their breath smell.
2. Maybe they’re an endangered species.
3. It doesn’t give the animal a sporting chance.
4. Because it distracted people from the true meaning of there religion.
5. Maybe because it was considered unsuitable behavior for a lady.
6. In case people snored.
Can you think of reasons why the other laws were introduced?
36. Work in groups of two or three. Are there any laws you would like to introduce in
your country? Think about:
– use of mobile phones – smoking in public places – use of cars –
pollution – healthcare – housing – pets – language learning – school
leaving age
37. Write some new laws for your country. They can be as amusing or strange as you like.
38. Work in groups of two or three. Look at the words in the box and use them to
complete the gaps in the questions.
innocent guilty prison offence weapon arrest lawyer suspect
crime legal charged with confess custody magistrate trail
sentence executed for jury judge bail
1. Are you innocent until you’re proved to be ____, or the other way round?
29
2. If you’re convicted of drug dealing, are you always sent to ____or is there
sometimes a fine?
3. Is it an offence to carry a____ such as a gun or a knife?
4. 4 If the police arrest you, are you allowed to call a____ ?
5. If the police____ you for a crime, is it legal to remain silent when they question
you?
6. If you’re____ a crime, are you always kept in custody while you wait for a trial?
7. If you____ to a crime, do you always get a light sentence?
8. Are there any crimes which you can be____ ?
9. Is there always trial by____ for serious crimes?
10. Who decides on a sentence? Is it the____ or the jury?
39. Read the newspaper article and the letter in reply it. Who do you agree with – the
judge or the writer of the letter?
A judge ordered an 82-year-old man to pay £4,000 damages to a burglar who was
trying to break into his house. Jack Lewis was asleep in his house in Maidstone, Kent
when he heard noises. He picked up his shotgun and went downstairs where he found
Michael Phillips in the hall with a bag full of electrical equipment. Phillips claimed that
because he was unarmed, he put the goods down and raised his hands when he saw the
shotgun. Lewis said Phillips had turned to run out of the open front door, so he shot him.
Phillips suffered minor wounds to the legs. The judge said despite the fact that Lewis
was defending his own property. The shotgun was unlicenced and in any case, it was not
acceptable for people to take the law into their own hands.
Sir, I am writing in disbelief at the judgement passed on Jack Lewis yesterday. In my
opinion it is absolutely unfair to make him pay for his act of self-defence. In theory
he has committed an offence by firing an unlicenced shotgun, and he should be
prosecuted for this. But in practice the law should be more flexible. As far as I’m
concerned, for a criminal to receive compensation for an injury sustained while
carrying out a crime is quite outrageous.’
Yours faithfully
Brian Forbes
40. Match the words below with the definitions.
jury prosecution judge defence lawyer magistrate
defendant court
1 The person who decides on a sentence.
2 The person who presents the victim’s case.
3 The person who presents the case of the person standing trial.
4 The person who stands trial.
5 The people who decide whether the person standing trial is guilty or innocent.
30
6 The place where a trial takes place.
7 The person who presides in a court for minor offences.
41. Put these legal procedures in the order in which they usually take place.
a. be convicted of an offence
b. be charged with an offence
c. be sentenced
d. be arrested
e. be suspected of an offence
f. appeal
g. stand trail
h. be given bail or go into custody
42. Complete the news reports below with words from the list. You may need to
modify the nouns and verbs. You may need to use some words more than once.
forged sentence prison jury extradite suspended convict
lawyer prosecution charge appeal guilty fine court
innocent case
1 A court ___________ the former boss of a first division football club to one year in
__________ and another year __________ for rigging a soccer match. The sentence
was harsher than the six-month term sought by the ____________. The former
football boss is to against the sentence.
2 The mayor of a major town was found _________ of fraud when he was finally
brought to __________ last month. He fled the country two years ago when an
enquiry revealed he had been using taxpayers’ money to finance personal projects.
The former mayor was ____________ from America in January. He received a two-
year prison __________ and was ___________.
3 A _________ sentenced one of Europe’s most wanted men to seven months’ jail for
possession of ___________ documents. After serving the sentence he is likely to be
_________ to Italy where he had escaped from jail after he was ____________ of
murder in 1991.
4 A 40-year-old man was found not _________ of murder by a __________ in
Birmingham this week. The man had been __________ with the murder of a
neighbour in May 1993 and had spent over a year behind bars before his.
___________ finally came to court this month. The man was overwhelmed with
relief as he left the ___________ with his wife. His ____________ is making a
compensation claim for the months he spent in prison.
43. Read the following, paying particular attention to the words in italics. Discuss the
meanings of these in groups, and use your dictionary for any which are still not clear.
When someone is arrested for committing an offence, he is taken to the police
station for interrogation. If the police decide there is a case against him, he is charged