Буковшин В.В. Современные методы исследования минерального вещества (термический и термолюминисцентный анализ)

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gb_ [he__ djmiguo njZdpbc g_`_eZl_evgh ba-aZ kbevgh]h jZklj_kdb\Zgby Lhgdh_ ba

f_evq_gb_ijb\h^bldihl_jyfbgl_gkb\ghklbLE<lh`_\j_fyl_jfhexfbg_kp_glguc

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^Zqbij_`^_\k_]h

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gbc

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kh\fbg_jZehh[jZah\Zgby

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ihjh^bl^

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dhlZddZd87KbD

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kdhjhklvgZdhie_

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gZdhie_gguo\eh\mrdZoaZjy^h\\l_q_gb_\j_f_gbijhr_^r_]hkgZqZeZgZdhie_gbyB

gZdhg_pq_l\_jlh_-wnn_dlb\ghklvgZdhie_gbyk\_lhkmffuhlijbjh^gh]hbbkdmkkl\_g

gh]hh[emq_gbyy\eyxlkyh^bgZdh\ufb

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qZ_l p_euc jy^ hi_jZpbc Z baf_j_gb_ bgl_gkb\ghklb ijbjh^ghc k\_lhkmffu-  bk

ke_^m_fuofhghfbg_jZevguoijh[bebihjh^\dhlhjuoaZLEhl\_qZ_lh^bgjZ\ghf_j

ghjZkij_^_e_ggucfbg_jZe:gZebake_^m_lijh\h^blvih\ukhdhl_fi_jZlmjgufibdZf

L≥ 280 K^hklZlhqg hmklhcqb\ufdl_jfbq_kdhfmbjZ^bZpbhgghfm\uk\_qb\Zgbx[

mklZgh\e_gb_qm\kl\bl_evghklb bamqZ_fuo fbg_jZeh\d jZ^bZpbb < ijhkl_cr_fkemqZ_

wlhijbjhklLEihke_h[emq_gby\k_obkke_^m_fuoijh[h^ghcblhc`_^hahc jZ^bZpbb

^hklZlhqgh ^Ze_dhc hl  ^hau h[_ki_qb\Zxs_c ihegh_ gZkus_gb_ b baf_j_gghc q_j_a

hij_^_e_ggucihklhyggucijhf_`mlhd\j_f_gbL_ogbq_kdbh[emq_gb_hkms_kl\eyxlγ-

emqZfb hl bahlhiZ Kh

 beb we_dljhgZfb hl  mkdhjbl_e_c;he__ lhqgh wlh LE ijboh^y

sZykygZ_^bgbpmjZ^bhZdlb\ghklbm^_evgZyLE - J hij_^_ey_fZyihdjb\hcjhklZLE

ihkljh_gghcihj_amevlZlZfZgZebaZ hl^_evguogZ\_khd ijh[uh[emq_gguo-ihke_^h

\Zl_evgh \hajZklZxsbfb ^haZfb jZ^bhZdlb\ghklb Ih djb\hc jhklZ LE fh`gh djhf_

lh]hhp_gblvgZkdhevdhebg_cghgZdZieb\Z_lkyLEdZd^Ze_dZhgZhlgZkus_gbyZlZd

`_ hij_^_eblv ^ham bkdmkkl\_gghc jZ^bZpbb dhlhjZy fh`_l \ua\Zlv gZdhie_gb_ k\_lh

kmffujZ\ghcijbjh^ghcLE >eybamq_gby^haghc aZ\bkbfhklbfh`ghbkihevah\ZlvdZd

fZl_jbZeuk\uk_q_gghcemqr_mevljZnbhe_lhfbk\_lhfZg_gZ]j_\hflZdbg_h[jZ

[hlZggu_ \ hij_^_e_gb_ agZq_gby ijbjh^ghc jZ^bhZdlb\ghklb5dhlhjhc  ih^\_j]ky

bkke_^m_fuc fZl_jbZe aZ\bkys_chl dhgp_gljZpbcjZ^bhZdlb\guowe_f_glh\\fbg_jZ

eZo b ihjh^Zo Wlh gZb[he__ ljm^gZy ba aZ^Zq dhlhjZy \ghkbl \_jhylgh gZb[hevrmx

hrb[dm\\hajZklgmxbgnhjfZpbxK\yaZghwlhdZdkl_ogbq_kdbfbljm^ghklyfbhij_^_

e_gbydeZjdh\uokh^_j`ZgbcmjZgZblhjbylZdbkhkh[_gghklyfbbojZkij_^_e_gbyBa

kms_kl\mxsbof_lh^h\hij_^_e_gbydhgp_gljZpbbwlbowe_f_glh\hilbfZevghijbf_g_

gb_g_cljhggh-Zdlb\Zpbhggh]hZgZebaZbf_lh^ZjZ^bh]jZnbb ihlj_dZf

AgZy ijbjh^gmx LE jZ^bhZdlb\ghklv b qm\kl\bl_evghklv fZl_jbZeZ d jZ^bZpbb

fh`ghmklZgh\blv\hajZklghcbg^_dkfbg_jZeZ:ihnhjfme_

W =

îá

óä

⋅

, (10.2.1)

Z hij_^_e_gb_ \hajZklZ h[jZaph\ hkms_kl\blv ih ]jZnbdm a Z\bkbfhklb \hajZklgh]h bg

^_dkZhl\hajZklZfbg_jZeZihkljh_gghfmihwlZehggufh[jZapZfklhqghmklZgh\e_gguf

l_fbebbguff_lh^hf\hajZklhf

<f_kl_kl_fke_^m_l_s_jZaih^q_jdgmlvqlhg_^hmq_l\k_onZdlhjh\\ebyxsbo

gZijbjh^gmxLEbij_`^_\k_]hg_^hklZlhqgZybamq_gghklvf_oZgbafZbdbg_lbdbgZdh

ie_gby k\_lhkmffulbiZ b iehlghklb eh\mr_d kl_i_gb bo aZiheg_gbyb mklhcqb\hklb

\j_f_gb`bagbwe_dljhgh\\eh\mrdZooZjZdl_jZ\aZbfh^_ckl\byjZ^bZpbbkfbg_jZeZ

fb b hij_^_e_gghc g_Z^_d\Zlghklb jZg__ mdZaZgguo ^hims_gbc j_Zevguf ijhp_kkZf

\hafh`guo baf_g_gbc \ l_jfZevghc  bklhjbb ]_heh]bq_kdbo fZl_jbZeh\ \ lhf qbke_ b

debfZlbq_kdbo b fbdjhdebfZlbq_kdbo mkeh\bc Z lZd`_ agZqbl_evguo bgkljmf_glZev

guo hrb[hd ijb hij_^_e_gbb jZaebqguo iZjZf_ljh\ ^Zxl hkgh\Zgb_ ]h\hjblv kdhj__ h

\hafh`ghklbijbf_g_gbyLEZgZebaZ^eyhij_^_e_gbyhlghkbl_evgh]hZg_Z[khexlgh]h

\hajZklZ Ijb wlhf \ dZq_kl\_ ]_hojhgheh]bq_kdh]h djbl_jby hlghkbl_evgh]h \hajZklZ

bkihevamxl ijhklh m^_evgmx LE >hklh\_jgu_ j_amevlZlu ihemqZxl \ lhf kemqZ_ _keb

kjZ\gb\Zxlm^_evgmxLEh^gh]hblh]h`_ibdZ\]_g_lbq_kdbbfbg_jZeh]bq_kdbh^gh

jh^guohleh`_gbyo

Ijbf_g_gb_LEZgZebaZ^eydhjj_eypbb]_heh]bq_kdboh[jZah\Zgbchkgh\ZghgZ

lhf ij_^iheh`_gbb qlh ]_g_lbq_kdb h^ghjh^gu_ h[t_dlu bf_xsb_ _^bgu_ fbg_jZev

gu_ ZkkhpbZpbb b ko h^gmx ]_heh]bq_kdmx bklhjbx, ^he`gu h[eZ^Zlv h^bgZdh\ufb LE

oZjZdl_jbklbdZfbnhjfhc djb\uo \uk\_qb\Zgby qbkehf b bgl_gkb\ghklvx ibdh\ hl

ghr_gb_fbodjZ^bhZdlb\ghklbihjh^\hlebqb_hl\g_rg _ihoh`boghknhjfbjh\Z\

rboky \ ^jm]bo mkeh\byo hleh`_gbc Bkke_^h\Zgbyfb mklZgh\e_gZ wnn_dlb\ghklv LE

ZgZebaZ ^eykhihklZ\e_gby jZaj_ah\hkZ^hqguohkh[_ggh m\_j_ggh ba\_klgydh\uob^h

ehfblh\uof_lZfhjnbq_kdbolhesbdbkeuownnmab\h\bgljmab\guo]eZ\gufh[jZahf

]jZgblhb ^guo h[jZah\Zgbc jZkqe_g_gby ig_\fZlheblh\h-]b^jhl_jfZevguo ijh^mdlh\ b 

l^GZ^_`gu_j_amevlZluihemqZxlijbwlhfijbZgZeba_fhghnjZdpbcZg_]hjguoih

jh^ijbbamq_gbbgZ\_^_gghcZ g__kl_kl\_gghc LEbijbbkke_^h\Zgbb  klZlbklbq_kdb

ij_^klZ\bl_evgh]hdhebq_kl\Zijh[Ke_^m_lh^gZdhih^q_jdgmlvqlhbkihevah\Zgb_LE

^eyj_r_gbymdZaZgguoaZ^Zqfh`_l^Zlvbgl_j_kgu_\ijZdlbq_kdhfhlghr_gbbj_amev

lZlughbo^hklh\_jg hklvbgnhjfZlb\ghklv\hfgh]hfaZ\bkylhlf_lh^bq_kdbomkeh\bc 

ijh\_^_gbyZgZebaZ

Bkihevah\Zgb_ LE ijb ihbkdZo b hp_gd_ f_klhjh`^_gbc. Ijh]ghagh-

f_lZeeh]_gbq_kdb_ihkljh_gbynhjfZpbhggucZgZeba ^ey jZa[jZdh\db koh^guo jm^guo

h[t_dlh\ \uykg_gb_ ahgZevghklb hl^_evguo  jm^guo ihe_c f_klhjh`^_gbc b  aZe_`_c

hkgh\Zgh gZ ij_^ihkued_ qlh jm^hh[jZamxsb_ ijhp_kku g_ba[_`gh khijh\h`^Zxlky

agZqbl_evguf \ha^_ckl\b_f gZ \f_sZxsb_ ihjh^u baf_gyy bo LE k\hckl\Z b \uau\Zy

l_f kZfuf ihy\e_gb_ ZghfZevguo LE hj_heh\ hdheh \hafmsZxsbo h[t_dlh\ Khimlkl

\mxs__nhjfbjh\Zgbxjm^guokdhie_gbcl_fi_jZlmjgh_\ha^_ckl\b_bkhklZ\fbg_jZeb

amxsbojZkl\hjh\hdZau\Zxl \ebygb_ZgZi_j_jZkij_^_e_gb_ijbf_k_cdhlhju_fh]ml

dZdZdlb\bjh\ZlvlZdb]ZkblvLE[gZkljmdlmjgu_hkh[_gghklbkms_kl\h\Z\rbofbg_

jZeh\baf_gylvdhgp_gljZpbxkh[kl\_gguo^_n_dlh\lbimihjy^hq_gbybl^boi_j_

djbklZeebah\Zggu_ZgZeh]b b \gh\v h[jZamxsb_ky l_jfhexfbg_kpbjmxsb_\b^u \gZ

i_j_jZkij_^_e_gb_jZ^bhZdlb\guoijbf_k_cb^jGZdhie_ggucwfibjbq_kdbcfZl_jbZe

ih\uykg_gbx\ebygbyjm^hh[jZamxsboijhp_kkh\gZLEhkh[_gghklb\f_sZxsb oihjh^

k\b^_l_evkl\mxlh^hklZlhqghkeh`ghci_j_f_gghcZihjhcbg_h^ghagZqghcaZ\bkbfh

klbbk\ya_cijbjh^guonZdlhjh\bLEoZjZdl_jbklbd<f_kl_kl_fbkihevah\Zgb_khhl

\_lkl\mxsbo  f_lh^bq_kdbo ijb_fh\ fh]ml hdZaZlv dZd wlh ihdZaZeb fgh]hqbke_ggu_

jZ[hlukms_kl\_ggmxihfhsv\mklZgh\e_gbbnhjfZpbhgghcijbgZ^e_`ghklbbijh^md

lb\ghklb f_klhjh`^_gbc b jm^hijhy\e_gbc \ hij_^_e_gbb ]em[bgu wjhabhggh]h kj_aZ

jm^guo l_e b ^j <g_dhlhjuo  kemqZyoklZlbklbq_kdb_ dhjj_eypbhggu_aZ\bkbfhklb LE

ZgZebaZ^Zxl\hafh`ghklvkm^blvlZd`_hihke_^h\Zl_evghklbbmkeh\byofbg_jZehh[jZ

ah\ZgbyH^gZdh\u^_e_gb_]_g_jZpbbl_obebbguofbg_jZeh\y\ey_lky_s_[he__keh`

ghcaZ^Zq_cldLEo ZjZdl_jbklbdbbofh]ml\Zjvbjh\ZlvbqZklbqghi_j_dju\Zlvky^jm

]bfb ]_g_jZpbyfb l_o  `_ fbg_jZeh\ gh h[jZah\Z\rboky \ ^jm]bo mkeh\byo \ke_^kl\b_

g_iheghcb^_glbqghklbmkeh\bcfbg_jZehh[jZah\Zgby^hklb`_gbyjZ\gh\_kbybg_jZ\

ghf_jghklbjZa\blbyijhp_kkh\\ijhkljZgkl\_b\j_f_gb

Hkgh\guf ij_iylkl\b_f ^ey[he__rbjhdh]hbkihevah\ZgbyLE\]_heh]bby\ey

_lkyqj_a\uqZcgZykeh`ghklvb g_klZ[bevghklvwlh]hy\e_gby_]haZ\bkbfhklbhlfgh]bo

nZdlhjh\\ lhfqbke_ b g_dhgljhebjm_fuo qlhqZklh ijb\h^bld lhfm qlhijbqbggh-

ke_^kl\_ggu_k\yabg_mqblu\Zxlkyijbbgl_jij_lZpbb

EBL?J:LMJ:

1. ;h[hoh\ :K ?kl_kl\_ggZy l_jfhexfbg_kp_gpby d\ZjpZ ba ]hjguo ihjh^ jZa

ebqgh]h ]_g_abkZGh\u_ f_lh^u b kke_^h\Zgby fbg_jZeh\ b ]hjguo ihjh^ - F Ba^-\h

F=M, 1973.- K-53.

2. =hjrdh\<KLbfZrh\<<KZ\_ev_\<=F_lh^unbabdh-obfbq_kdh]hZgZeb

aZ\y`msbo\_s_kl\-F<ukr.rdheZ-k

3. Bkihevah\Zgb_l_jfhexfbg_kp_glgh]hf_lh^Zijbijh]ghaghchp_gd_wg^h]_g 

gh]hhjm^_g_gby-Gh\hkb[bjkd-k

4. DZabpugX<Q_j_iZgh\<:L_jfhexfbg_kp_glgu_bkke_^h\Zgby\fbg_jZ

eh]bbAZi<k_jhkh[-\Z.- 1973.- ,,k_jq -K-754.

5. DmoZj_gdh H: ;Zevl_j ;E Hiul ijbf_g_gby f_lh^Z l_jfhexfbg_kp_gpbb

ijbbamq_gbbjZaj_aZ wnnmab\gh-hkZ^hqguo ihjh^ Kl_igh]hihebf_lZeebq_kdh]hf_klh

jh`^_gbyJm^guc:elZc <hijhku]_heh]bbbi_ljh]jZnbb-Lhfkd-K-103.

6. F_^ebg M Ijbjh^Z eh\mr_d b wfbkkbhgguo p_gljh\ \ l_jfhexfbgbkpbjmx

sbo]hjguo ihjh^ZoI_jJFFbg__\hcNbabdZfbg_jZeh\-F-K-111.

7. F_lh^ufbg_jZeh]bq_kdbobkke_^h\ZgbcKijZ\hqgbdIh^j_^EB=bga[mj]Z

-F 1985. -K-277, 310-323.

8. L_jfbq_kdbc ZgZeba fbg_jZeh\ b ]hjguo ihjh^ <I B\Zgh\Z, ;D DZkZlh\,

LG DjZkZ\bgZ, ?EJhabgh\Z-EG_^jZ-k

9. LhihjG>>bnn_j_gpbZevgh-l_jfbq_kdbcbl_jfh\_kh\hcZgZebafbg_jZeh\-

FG_^jZ-k

10.LhihjG>H]hjh^h\ZEIF_evqZdh\ZE<L_jfbq_kdbcZgZebafbg_jZeh\b

g_hj]Zgbq_kdbokh_^bg_gbc-FBa^-\hF=M 1987. -k

11.L_jfhZgZeblbq_kdb_ bkke_^h\Zgby \ kh\j_f_gghc fbg_jZeh]bb - F GZmdZ

1970. -k

12. Mackenzic R.C. Differential Thermal analysis. Fundamental aspects. London-New-

York Acad. Press., 1970; V.1,2, Application, 1972.

KhklZ\bl_ev;mdh\rbg<Ze_jbc<bdlhjh\bq

J_^Zdlhj;mgbgZL>