ɩɪɨɢɡɨɣɞɟɬ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɬɚɛɨɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ ɜ ɤɥɟɬɤɟ ɢ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɟ
ɩɚɬɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ.
ȼ ɩɥɚɡɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧɚɯ ɩɪɨ- ɢ ɷɭɤɚɪɢɨɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ
ɥɨɤɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɵ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɧɵɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ, ɜ
ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɫɬɚɞɢɢ:
– ɫɜɹɡɵɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɦɟɫɫɟɧɞɠɟɪɚ ɫ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɦ;
– ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɚ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨ ɫɜɹɡɵɜɚɧɢɢ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɝɨ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ ɫ
ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɦ ɧɚ ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧɧɵɟ ɛɟɥɤɨɜɵɟ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɵ ɤɚɫɤɚɞɚ;
– ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜɬɨɪɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɦɟɫɫɟɧɞɠɟɪɚ;
– ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɤɥɟɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ.
ɉɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɝɨ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɜɧɭɬɪɢɦɟɦɛɪɚɧɧɵɯ
ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɤɚɫɤɚɞɚ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɬɚɞɢɢ
ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ
ɛɟɥɤɨɜ, ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɞɪɭɝ ɫ ɞɪɭɝɨɦ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɢɥɢ ɨɩɨɫɪɟɞɨɜɚɧɧɨ ɫ
ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟɦ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧ.
Ȼɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɨ ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧɧɵɯ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɨɥɢɝɨɦɟɪɧɵɦɢ
ɛɟɥɤɚɦɢ – ɝɥɢɤɨɩɪɨɬɟɢɧɚɦɢ. Ⱦɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɧɨɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ
ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ ɛɟɥɤɨɜ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɨɬɜɟɱɚɬɶ ɪɹɞɭ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɣ:
ɚ) ɨɛɥɚɞɚɬɶ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɢɡɛɢɪɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɤ ɥɢɝɚɧɞɭ;
ɛ) ɤɢɧɟɬɢɤɚ ɫɜɹɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɥɢɝɚɧɞɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɨɩɢɫɵɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɤɪɢɜɨɣ ɫ
ɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɢɟɦ, ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɸ ɩɨɥɧɨɣ ɡɚɧɹɬɨɫɬɢ ɜɫɟɯ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ
ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ, ɱɢɫɥɨ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɧɚ ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧɟ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɨ;
ɜ) ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɬɶ ɬɤɚɧɟɜɨɣ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɧɨɫɬɶɸ;
ɝ) ɫɜɹɡɵɜɚɧɢɟ ɥɢɝɚɧɞɚ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɤɥɟɬɨɱɧɵɣ (ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ) ɷɮɮɟɤɬ
ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɦɵ, ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɫɪɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ
ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹɦ ɥɢɝɚɧɞɚ;
ɞ) ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɤɥɟɬɨɱɧɵɯ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɧɨ, ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ
ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ (ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɩɪɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɢ ɪɹɞɚ
ɩɚɬɨɥɨɝɢɣ, ɩɪɢ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɥɟɤɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ).
Ʌɢɝɚɧɞ-ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɧɵɟ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ
ɫɥɚɛɵɯ ɧɟɤɨɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɵɯ ɫɢɥ: ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ, ɢɨɧ-ɞɢɩɨɥɶɧɵɯ, ɜɚɧ-ɞɟɪ-
ɜɚɚɥɶɫɨɜɵɯ ɢ ɝɢɞɪɨɮɨɛɧɵɯ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ,
ɜɨɞɨɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɫɜɹɡɟɣ.
ɋɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɬɪɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɬɢɩɚ ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧɧɵɯ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ:
1) ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɵ, ɫɨɩɪɹɠɟɧɧɵɟ ɫ G-ɛɟɥɤɚɦɢ; 2) ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɵ – ɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɤɚɧɚɥɵ;
3) ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɵ, ɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɳɢɟ ɮɟɪɦɟɧɬɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɸ.
ȼɫɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ ɠɢɡɧɟɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɭ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɢ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɫɹ
ɩɨɞ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɟɦ ɧɟɪɜɧɵɯ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɫɟɤɪɟɬɢɪɭɸɬ ɜ ɫɢɧɚɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ
ɳɟɥɶ ɧɟɣɪɨɦɟɞɢɚɬɨɪɵ, ɢ ɷɧɞɨɤɪɢɧɧɵɯ ɠɟɥɟɡ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɜ ɤɪɨɜɶ
ɝɨɪɦɨɧɵ. Ƚɨɪɦɨɧɵ ɢ ɧɟɣɪɨɦɟɞɢɚɬɨɪɵ ɫɨɨɛɳɚɸɬ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦ ɢ ɬɤɚɧɹɦ, ɱɬɨ,
ɤɨɝɞɚ ɢ ɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɧɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶ. ɋɪɟɞɢ ɧɟɣɪɨɷɧɞɨɤɪɢɧɧɵɯ
ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɫɜɨɹ ɢɟɪɚɪɯɢɹ, ɬɟɫɧɨ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɚɹ ɫɨ
ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɢ ɝɚɲɟɧɢɹ ɢɯ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɨɜ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɹɪɧɵɦɢ
ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɚɦɢ ɢɯ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ (ɪɢɫ. 3.6.1).
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