Ємець О.В., Морська Л.М., Школяр Н.В., Шлапак О.О. Англійська мова

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ENGLISH

For First-Year Students

АНГЛІЙСЬКА МОВА

Навчальний посібник для студентів 1-го

курсу

Видання 5-те

Хмельницький

2008

УДК 811.111 (075.8)

ББК 81.2Англ-4

А64

Рекомендовано до друку вченою радою

Хмельницького національного університету,

протокол № 3 від 26.10.2005

Рецензенти:

Н.М. Бідюк – канд. пед. наук, доц.,

Хмельницький національний університет;

В.Б. Крамар – канд. філол. наук, доц.,

Хмельницький національний університет

English for First-Year Students. (Англійська мова : навч. посібник для

студентів першого курсу). Вид. 6-те / О. В. Ємець, Л. М. Морська,

Н. В. Школяр, О. О. Шлапак. – Хмельницький : ХНУ, 2009. – 69 с. (англ.).

Для студентів, які володіють базовою граматикою та лексикою на рівні

середньої школи. Мета видання – розвиток навичок читання, діалогічного та

монологічного мовлення, а також повторення і поглиблення знань грама-

тичного матеріалу.

Композиційно включає три розділи: “Робочий день студента”; “Моя

сім’я”; “Наш університет, вища освіта”. У кожному розділі подано обов’яз-

кову лексику, на базі якої розроблена тема, граматичні та лексичні вправи для

контролю засвоєння мовного матеріалу.

УДК 811.111 (075.8)

ББК 81.2Англ-4

А64

Школяр Н.В., Шлапак О.О., 2009

UNIT 1

Task I. Learn the words:

day-off вихідний день tidy up прибирати

week-day будній день jog бігати

to wake up прокидатися assignment завдання

to get up вставати (з ліжка) early рано

to make one’s bed застеляти ліжко late пізно

to comb one’s hair розчісувати волосся spend (time) проводити (час)

go on foot йти пішки listen to music слухати музику

go by bus їхати автобусом swimming pool басейн

have a rest відпочивати leisure time вільний час

go for a walk йти на прогулянку have a bite перекусити

do the washing up take a nap подрімати

(to wash up) мити посуд be in time бути вчасно,

go to bed лягати спати прийти вчасно

ділитися

Task II. Match the definition to each of word from the right – hand column:

1) to tidy up a) a thing that can ring at a particular time and wake you up;

2) to rest b) to run slowly and steadily for a long time, especially for

exercise;

3) comb c) a feeling that makes you want to do smth, a tendency to do smth;

4) leisure time d) to divide smth between two or more people;

5) day-off e) a day on which you do not have to work;

6) to jog f) the fact that you have achieved smth that you want;

7) inclination g) a piece of plastic or metal with a row of thin teeth along one

side, used for making your hair neat;

8) alarm clock h) to make smth look neat by putting things in the place

where they belong;

9) to share i) period that is spent doing what you enjoy when you are

not working or studying;

10) success j) to relax, sleep or do nothing after a period of activity or illness.

Task III. Give synonyms to the words:

TUDENTS WORKING DA

Part 1. STUDENT’S DAILY ROUTINE

To wake up, to brush, week-day, interval, cheerful, meal, home assign-

ment, to take a nap, to do gymnastic, to wash up, leisure time.

Task IV. Find antonyms to the following words and translate them:

Active, to come back, to get up, early, to be fond of, to begin, week-day.

Task V. Complete some expressions by matching the verbs on the left

with the correct word on the right.

fall a rest

do my teeth

have the dog

play asleep

go cards

clean the ironing

feed early

get up to bed

Task VI. Translate into Ukrainian:

1. I usually have my dinner at 2

2. Sometimes she goes to the cinema or to the park.

3. After lessons I rest: I read or go for a walk.

4. The children must go to bed early.

5. On my day-off I get up late.

6. How do you spend your leisure time?

7. Every day I help my mother about the house.

8. At six o’clock she returns home and begins to prepare her lessons.

9. Victor always goes to the University on foot.

10. Sometimes I have fried potatoes for breakfast.

Task VII. Translate into English:

A. Робити домашнє завдання; снідати; робочий день; витиратися

рушником; зачісуватися; їхати автобусом; слухати останні новини; відпо-

чивати; проводити вільний час з друзями; лягати спати пізно.

В. 1. Мій робочий день починається о 7 годині.

2. Я вдягаюся,

вмиваюся, роблю ранкову зарядку і снідаю.

3. Я ходжу за покупками, доглядаю свою сестру.

4. Після обіду я відпочиваю: я читаю або ходжу на прогулянку.

5. Вона не ходить пішки на роботу, вона їде тролейбусом.

6. Коли він дивиться телевізор?

7. Яку музику ви любите слухати?

8. Скільки занять ви маєте щоденно?

Task VIII. Learn these speech patterns.

1. It takes us five minutes to get there.

Ця конструкція складається з формального підмета it, дієслова у 3-й

особі однини takes (у теперішньому часі), додатка – іменника або особового

займенника в об’єктному відмінку (me, him, us, you, them, my friends), чис-

лівника з іменником (10 minutes, 2 hours) та дієслова у неозначеній формі з

часткою to (to get, to do). Ця конструкція відповідає українському безосо-

бовому реченню:

Мені потрібно 5 хвилин, щоб дістатися туди

Питальна форма у Present Indefinite:

How much time does it take you to get to the University?

Make up sentences using the tables and translate them.

It takes

him

her

them

Peter

ten minutes

forty minutes

twenty minutes

an hour

to get

to college

to school

to Pushkin Street.

to the factory

home

there

How long

How much

time

does it

take

you

him

your friends

to get

to the factory

to the University?

home?

2. At ten minutes past eight we leave home for work or school – В

десять хвилин по дев’ятій ми виходимо з дому на роботу або в школу.

Make up sentences using the table and translate them.

she

leaves for

work

the factory

the University

at 7

at 8

Task IX. Translate into English:

1. Мені потрібно 20 хвилин, щоб доїхати до університету тролей-

бусом. 2. Дітям потрібно 5 хвилин, щоб почистити зуби. 3. Йому потрібно 3 го-

дини, щоб зробити домашню роботу. 4. Нам потрібно 15 хвилин, щоб діста-

тися додому. 5. Скільки часу вам потрібно, щоб перекласти цей текст? 6. Скіль-

ки часу потрібно вашій мамі, щоб приготувати сніданок? 7. Петро

часто йде у

школу в 9

. 8. Коли ви зазвичай виходите з дому в університет? – О 7

Text. STUDENT’S WORKING DAY

In summer I passed my entrance exams successfully and was admitted to

the University. Now I am a first-year student. I go to the University five days a

week. Saturday and Sunday are my days-off.

On my week-days my alarm-clock wakes me up rather early – at 7 o’clock

and my working day begins. Actually I’m not fond of getting up early, but I’m

already used to it. I make my bed and go to the bathroom. There I brush my teeth

and if I’m not short of time I take a shower. After that I do my morning exercises

or jog in the street. Then I comb my hair and at 7

I’m ready to have breakfast.

But I have neither time nor inclination to cook it, so I just have a cup of coffee and

a couple of sandwiches.

I leave home for the University at 7

. As I live not far from the

University I go there on foot. It usually takes me 10 minutes to get there.

My classes begin at 8 o’clock. In my group there are 25 students. The

majority of students live with their parents but some students who come from other

cities or villages live in hostels. Students usually have 3 or 4 lectures and practicals

a day. After each double lesson we have a break of 15 minutes, and after the third

double lesson there is a long break of 30 minutes. During this break I usually have

a bite at our refectory. After the long break we have 1 or 2 lectures more.

As a rule after classes I go home. When I’m back home, my parents are

still at work. That’s why I have to cook my dinner myself or just to take it from the

fridge and warm it up.

After hard work at the University and a hearty dinner I feel like having a

rest. So, after dinner I never do any serious work. Rather often I take a nap or read

a book or listen to music or watch TV.

Then it’s high time for me to get down to my home assignments. It takes

me about 3 or 4 hours to do my homework properly.

In my leisure time I go for a walk with my friends or go to the movies

(pictures, cinema). If I am tired I prefer to watch TV or listen to music.

Twice a week I go to the swimming pool. It helps me to keep myself fit

and feel cheerful and active. If I have two or three hours at my disposal before

going to sleep I try to do something useful: I tidy up my room, or help Mummy to

cook supper.

When the supper is ready we gather in the dining-room and while having a

meal we share the day news and plan our next day. After supper I help Mummy to

clear the table and to do the washing up. Then we watch TV till 11 o’clock.

Then I have a bath and go to bed to get up early next morning to begin

everything anew.

Task X. Answer the questions on the text:

1. When does your working day begin?

2. At what time do the classes at the University begin?

3. What do you do before the University?

4. Do you walk to the University or take a bus?

5. How long does it take you to get to the University?

6. When must you be at the University?

7. How many classes have you every day?

8. When are the classes over?

9. When do you have your dinner?

10. What do you do after dinner?

11. Do you help your mother about the house?

12. What do you do for her?

13. When do you begin to do your homework?

14. At what time do you go to bed?

Task XI. Can you find three facts from the text which are exactly the

same in your routine, three which are similar, and three which are completely

different? Complete the table below.

same similar completely different

I go to bed around

p.m.

I leave home at 8

a. m.

I don’t go to the

swimming-pool.

Task XII. Put questions to the parts of the sentences that are missed:

1. … gets up at seven o’clock. 2. … does gymnastics in front of the open

window. 3. Then he goes … . 4. In the bath-room he … . 5. He dries himself with … .

6. He brushes his hair with … . 7. At … he has his breakfast. 8. For breakfast he has … .

9. After breakfast he goes … . 10. The first lecture begins at … . 11. It lasts … .

12. The lecture-room is on the … floor. 13. In the interval between the lectures

Michael and his friends … . 14. They have (their) lunch in … . 15. After lunch

they… . 16. As a rule the students go home at … . 17. Michael goes home by … .

18. … has a short rest after dinner. 19. In the evening he … . 20. He plays chess

with … . 21. His friend lives in … . 22. At about half past eleven Michael … .

23. He says good night to … . 24. He sleeps … hours. 25. On Saturday evening

Michael and his friend Paul … .

Task XIII. Read and translate the dialogue:

Pete:

What time do you get up as a rule?

Mike:

I get up at seven, do my morning exercises, take a towel and go

to the bathroom to wash. At half past seven I have breakfast.

Pete:

When do you usually get to the University?

Mike:

I get there at 8.

Pete:

Do you always go to the University on foot?

Mike:

Yes, I do.

Pete:

When do you come home?

Mike:

At 13

Pete:

What do you usually do in the evening?

Mike:

After doing my homework I go to the swimming pool or walk

with my friends.

Task XIV. Complete this dialogue. Choose the suitable word or phrase:

stay in, come round, go out, bother, by myself, lie in, early.

Don’t … to cook a meal this evening.

Why not?

We could … instead.

Yeah. Where?

Well I’d like to go to that new Korean restaurant. We could ask Karen

and Mike to come.

That’s miles away. No, I think I’d rather …and have an … night.

But it’s Friday. You can have a …tomorrow if we have a late night.

Yes I know but I’m tired. Look, why don’t you ask Karen and Mike

to … for a meal. I can order some pizzas from the takeaway and we’ll

have a nice evening here.

Sorry, but if you don’t want to come to the restaurant with me, I’ll go … .

Task XV. Use the words on the topic and make up a story about your

week-day (day-off), after that prepare 10–15 questions on the topic to have a

dialogue with your friend(s).

Text. MONDAY MORNING

Monday morning is the worst time of the week for a lot of people,

because it is the end of the weekend and the beginning of another week of work.

More things seem to go wrong on Monday morning than on other days.

Now indicate the logic sequence of the parts of the story which follow.

1. One Monday morning was worse than usual. She wanted to do some baking,

so she sent the children into the garden to play. She made her husband’s favorite

cake and put it in the oven. When she had finished she looked out into the garden and

saw David climbing a tree. She was not worried because he had never fallen before.

2. Jane, a friend of mine, has two children, a boy and a girl, who often

make her life very difficult, especially on Monday morning.

3. In half an hour the doctor came and took David to hospital. Jane sent

her daughter to play next door. As she went into the house she smelt something

burning. “Oh, no! The cake!” she cried. It was burnt black. She sat down to have a rest.

4. Then she went upstairs to make the beds. When she was upstairs she

suddenly heard a branch break. She looked out quickly and saw David on the

ground. His arm was in a funny position and she thought he had broken it. Her

neighbour came to help. Jane asked her to phone the doctor.

5. When her husband came home he saw that his wife was very upset.

“Tell me the worst”, he said. “Well, I’ll tell you the good news first,” Jane replied.

“I’ve made your favourite cake this morning, the house isn’t on fire and our

daughter hasn’t broken her arms”.

Notes:

more things seem to go wrong трапляється більше неприємностей

saw David climbing a tree побачила, як Девід лізе на дерево

she was not worried вона не хвилювалась

next door у сусідньому будинку

she smelt something burning вона відчула запах горілого

she … heard a branch break вона ... почула, як зламалась гілка

upstairs верхній поверх

Task XVI. Complete the sentences. Choose one appropriate variant:

1. Monday morning is the worst time of the week because:

a) it is the end of the week;

b) it is the end of the weekend and the beginning of new week;

c) it is the end of the week and the beginning of another week.

2. Jane has:

a) two boys and a girl;

b) two girls and a boy;

c) a boy and a girl.

3. In the morning Jane wanted:

a) to cook;

b) to go shopping;

c) to play in the garden.

4. She sent her children:

a) to go shopping;

b) to play in the garden;

c) to make a cake.

5. David climbed a tree and:

a) broke his leg;

b) broke its branch;

c) broke his arm.

6. Jane told her husband:

a) the worst news first;

b) the good news first.

7. She told the husband that:

a) the house was not on fire but the daughter broke her arm;

b) the house was on fire and the daughter didn’t break her arm;

c) the house was not on fire and the daughter didn’t break her arm.

Task XVII. Practiсe back translation. Translate the key sentences of the

text into the written form, and then translate them orally into English again.

Task I. Learn the words:

pass exams скласти іспит

enter (the college, the University) поступити до (коледжу, університету)

entrance exams вступні іспити

Part 2

TUDENT’S LIFE

hostel (dormitory) гуртожиток

monitor староста

attend lectures

(practical lessons, practicals)

відвідувати лекції (практичні заняття)

attendance відвідування

compulsory обов’язковий

miss (cut) lectures пропустити (прогуляти) заняття

get a grant отримувати стипендію

first-year student = fresher,

freshman (Am.)

першокурсник

be (study) in the first year вчитися на першому курсі

academic subjects загальноосвітні предмети

humanities гуманітарні науки

be good (at) мати здібності до

sophomore (Am.) студент другого курсу

junior (Am.) студент передостаннього курсу

senior (Am.) студент останнього курсу

mark = grade оцінка

to give a lecture = do a lecture давати лекцію

to take notes = make notes складати

конспект

to do / study subjects вивчати предмет

to fail exams провалити екзамен

Task II. Match the definition to each of word from the right-hand column:

1) monitor a) the act of being present at a place, for example

at university;

2) hostel b) a student in a school who carries out special

duties, such as helping the teacher;

3) senior c) a mark given in an exam or for a piece of

school work;

4) to enter d) a sum of money that is given by the

government to be used for a particular

purpose (for living expenses);

5) attendance e) a building that provides cheap

accommodation and meals to students;

6) grade f) a student in the last year at a high school or

college;

7) grant g) a lesson in science or technology in which

students have to do or make things, not just

read and write about them;

8) practical h) to become a member of an institution;

9) sophomore i) teachers at university;