Ємець О.В., Морська Л.М., Школяр Н.В., Шлапак О.О. Англійська мова
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as the 1
st
and 2
nd
Level of Accreditation, for example, technical schools and
colleges training young specialists and by 161 institutions of higher learning, such
as universities, academies, conservatories, institutes. There are 14 classical and
45 technological and branch universities, 30 academies and 72 institutes. Ukraine
numbers a total of 1,5 million college-and-university students.
Institutions of higher learning enroll some 12 000 foreign students, post-
graduates and visiting graduates, of whom 8 000 are on Ukrainian government
scholarships. More than 120 000 specialists from 130 countries across the world
have graduated since World War II.
Among the well-known Universities in Ukraine are: Taras Shevchenko National
University of Kyiv, Kyiv Polytechnic University, International Independent University
“Kyiv-Mohyla Academy”, Kharkiv University, Vinnytsia State Technological University,
Simpheropol University, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Donetsk University,
Odessa State Naval Academy, Odessa State Economic University and many others.
Task I. Read, consult a dictionary, transcribe, translate, practice pronunciation:
root, v pagan, adj. religious, adj.
literacy, n agronomist, n physician, n
medium, n regime, n compulsory, adj.
senior, adj. gymnasium, n ethnic, adj.
vocational, adj. curriculum, n lyceum, n
academy, n scholarship, n
Task II. Give explanations to the following in English:
to be rooted to be free but compulsory
to reach back to appear recently
to set up curriculum
for instance to enroll
at the turn of scholarship
to inherit smth. to graduate from
Task III. Answer the questions on the text:
1. Who set up schools in the 16
th
–18
th
centuries?
2. Where did the first universities appear?
3. What qualifications did specialized institutes provide?
4. How many pre-school educational establishments does the present-day
educational system include?
5. What is the basic link in the chain of public education in Ukraine?
6. How many vocational training schools are there in Ukraine?
7. What is post secondary education provided by?
8. What well-known Ukrainian Universities do you know?
Task IV. Translate the following text into English; add some sentences to
the point. Retell it:
Серед українських вузів, які надають молоді вищу освіту, особливе
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місце належить Київському національному університету. Він був заснований
у 1834 році. З нагоди 105-ї річниці від дня народження видатного українсь-
кого поета Т. Шевченка був названий його іменем.
В університеті існує 16 факультетів. Університет приділяє велику увагу
налагодженню зв’язків зі світовими вищими навчальними закладами. Кожен
випускник школи може подати заяву
про вступ до університету. Вони зара-
ховуються після успішного складання іспитів.
Київський національний університет проводить науково-дослідну ро-
боту. Університет добре відомий в країні і поза її межами своїм вкладом у нау-
кові дослідження.
Present Indefinite and Present Continuous tenses:
Present Indefinite Present Continuous
I | we | you | they work
he | she | it works
Do I | we | you| they work?
Does he | she | it work?
I | we | you | they don’t work
He | she | it doesn’t work
I am working
He | she | it is working
We | you | they are working
Am I working?
Is he | she | it working?
Are we | you | they working?
I am not working
He | she | it is not working
We | you | they are not working
Present Indefinite Present Continuous
1. Вживається для вираження повторю-
ваної дії стосовно теперішнього часу:
Water boils at 100 degree Celsius
2. Вживається для вираження пос-
тійної дії:
John isn’t lazy. He works very
hard most of the time.
1. Вживається для вираження дії, що
відбувається в момент мовлення:
The water is boiling. Can you turn
it off?
2. Вживається для вираження тим-
часової дії:
“You are working hard today”.
Yes, I have got a lot to do.
Дієслова, що не вживаються у формі Continuous:
Like, love, hate, want, need, prefer, know, realize, suppose, mean, understand,
believe, remember, belong, contain, consist, depend, seem, see, hear, smell, taste.
Ex. 1. Complete the sentences using the following verbs: work(s), close(s),
drink(s), live(s), open(s), read(s), speak(s), listen(s), want(s).
Part
4
.
G
RAMMA
R
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Example: Ann speaks German very well.
1. I never … coffee.
2. My cousin … to become a doctor.
3. The swimming pool … at 9 o’clock and … at 18
30
every day.
4. They … to the radio in the morning.
5. My parents … in a very small flat.
6. His father … newspapers in the evening.
7. Her mother … at a textile factory.
Ex. 2. Read the answers and complete the questions:
1. Where … … …? She? She lives at the end of Axwell Road.
2. Do … … …? Jim? No, I don’t know him.
3. When … … …? Kate? She comes home at 6
30
.
4. Do …..? Here? No, we change trains at the next station.
5. What time … … …? My brother? He goes to bed at 10 o’clock.
6. Do … … …? Every day? No, they play football only 2 days a week.
7. Does … … …? Ukrainian? No, her mother teaches English.
Ex. 3. Put the verbs in brackets into correct form and complete the
negative sentences:
1. I … to see Alan. (not to want). I … him (not to like).
2. My sister … in that story for a minute (not to believe).
3. Vegetarians … meat (not to eat).
4. Tom … that song (not to like).
5. She … coffee, I’m afraid (not to drink).
6. I … where my brother is (not to know).
7. Rice … in cold climates (not to grow).
8. She … to work by bus very often, because she has her own car (not to go).
Ex. 4. Insert am, is, are, do або does:
1. My friend … in the garden.
2. … you like to go for a walk with friends?
3. Don’t disturb me. I … busy.
4. … your book on the desk?
5. Where … your parents?
6. They … football fans.
7. … she do her morning exercises every morning?
8. … this car very expensive?
Ex. 5. Translate into English:
1. Кожного дня вона відвідує свою бабусю і допомагає їй прибирати
у будинку.
2. Він часто перечитує цю книгу і
згадує своє дитинство.
3. Вони не хочуть розповісти нам цю історію.
4. Її сестра завжди дуже зайнята,тому вона приходить додому пізно.
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5. Його син не ходить до школи, він вчиться вдома.
6. Коли починається твій робочий день? – Він починається рівно о
7-й годині.
7. Коли починаються заняття в університеті? – Вони починаються о
8-й годині.
8. Що ти робиш перед лекціями? – Я вдягаюся, вмиваюся, роблю
ранкову зарядку і снідаю.
9. Ти
ходиш до університету пішки чи їздиш автобусом? – Я зви-
чайно ходжу пішки.
10. Скільки часу ти витрачаєш, щоб дістатися до університету? –
Близько 10 хвилин.
11. Коли ти повинен бути в університеті? – Я повинен бути в уні-
верситеті о чверть на дев’яту.
12. Скільки занять ти маєш щоденно? – П’ять або
шість.
13. Коли заняття закінчуються? – О пів на другу.
14. Коли ти обідаєш? – Я звичайно обідаю о пів на третю.
15. Що ти робиш після обіду? – Після обіду я відпочиваю: читаю або
ходжу на прогулянку. Іноді я ходжу в кіно або в парк.
16. Ти допомагаєш матері вдома? – Звичайно. Я допомагаю
їй кож-
ного дня.
17. Що ж ти робиш? – Я ходжу за покупками, доглядаю свою сес-
тричку.
18. Коли ти починаєш виконувати домашнє завдання? – Близько п’ятої
години.
19. О котрій годині ти лягаєш спати? – Звичайно об 11-й годині або
о пів на 12-ту.
Ex. 6. Put the words into correct order and form questions in Present
Continuous.
Example: You what are doing? – What are you doing?
a) cooking are you what;
b) tonight out you going are;
c) playing we time tennis what are;
d) crying daughter why is your;
e) dinner are Ron and Ellen for coming when;
f) she working a shop now in is.
Ex.7. Complete the sentences using the following verbs: rain, speak,
buy, learn, get, explain, wait, build.
Example: The teacher is explaining a grammar rule.
1. Have you got an umbrella? It … .
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2. My sister Chris and David … … married today.
3. He … … over the telephone.
4. They … … for me to join them this afternoon.
5. Why … … you … so much food?
6. Ann has just started evening classes. She … … French.
7. My friends … … their own house. They hope it will be finished before
next summer.
Ex. 8. Replace the words in brackets by the Present Indefinite tense
or Present Continuous tense:
1. Why (you, look at) … … me like that? Have I done something wrong?
2. Ugh, don’t show me that picture! I (hate) … spiders!
3. Don’t worry about the cat. It (only eat) … … once a day.
4. Helen (stay) … … with her brother while her house is being repaired.
5. (They, speak) … … French or German? I can’t tell the difference.
6. I can’t stand horror films. I (think) … … they are really silly.
7. Normally I (finish) … … work at 5
00
, but this week I (work) … until
6
00
to earn a bit more money.
Ex. 9. Choose the correct form:
1. That can’t be right. I don’t believe| I’m not believing it!
2. Carol can’t swim today. She has| is having a cold.
3. See you in the morning. I leave | I’m leaving now.
4. What do you do | are you doing? If you drop it, it will explode!
5. What do we eat | are we eating this evening? I’m really hungry!
6. You’re a great cook! This cake tastes | is tasting wonderful.
7. Where do you go| are you going? I haven’t finished speaking with you!
8. Chemistry is hard. I am not understanding | I don’t understand it.
Ex. 10. Correct the mistakes.
Each sentence has a mistake. Find and correct it.
Example: I go in the University five days a week.
I go to the University five days a week.
1. My working day begin at about 7 o’clock.
2. I don’t fond of getting up early.
3. My classes begin in 8 o’clock.
4. After rest I begin do my homework.
5. It take me about 3 or 4 hours to do my homework properly.
6. I like listen to music.
7. We have the supper at 7
00
.
8. I no like going to discos.
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Ex. 11. Translate into English:
1. Де Микола? – Він у читальному залі. Він там виконує домашні
завдання. Микола часто виконує домашні завдання в читальному залі.
2. Куди ти так поспішаєш?
3. Оля завжди прокидається пізно, тому часто поспішає до університету.
4. Він не бачить, що я на нього дивлюсь. Мабуть, він читає щось
дуже
цікаве.
5. Я не знаю тієї жінки, яка розмовляє з викладачем.
6. Я часто розмовляю зі своїм приятелем про нашу поїздку до Криму.
7. Олена вдома? – Ні, її немає вдома. У неї зараз урок музики. У неї
завжди урок музики у цей час.
8. Ти знаєш, Аня зараз складає іспит з
математики. Не хвилюйся.
Вона завжди складає іспити успішно.
9. Зараз ми живемо в гуртожитку, тому що не можемо знайти під-
ходящої квартири.
10. Що ви збирaєтесь робити? – Цього літа я збираюсь поступити до
університету.
Ступені порівняння прикметників
Тип прикметника
Основна
форма
Вищий ступінь
порівняння
Найвищий ступінь
порівняння
Односкладові прикмет-
ники та двоскладові,
які закінчуються на
-y, -еr, -ow, -le
cold
deep
busy
narrow
clever
colder
deeper
busier
narrower
cleverer
coldest
deepest
busiest
narrowest
cleverest
Двоскладові прикмет-
ники з наголосом на
останньому складі
polite
simple
severe
politer
simpler
severer
politest
simplest
severest
Багатоскладові прик-
метники
difficult
famous
more difficult
more famous
most difficult
most famous
Винятки
good
bad
little
much, many
better
worse
less
more
best
worst
least
most
Ex. 1. Paraphrase using adjectives opposite in meaning, according to
the model.
Example: I am older than my sister.
My sister is younger than I am.
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1. Ann’s brother is taller than her father. 2. Lesson twenty is more diffi-
cult than lesson twenty one. 3. Kyiv larger than L’viv. 4. Fred was a better pupil
than Jim. 5. The central part of the town is noisier than its new districts. 6. The
Baltic Sea is colder than the Black Sea. 7. English grammar is easier than German
grammar, but English pronunciation is more difficult than German pronunciation.
Ex. 2. Complete each sentence with a comparative or superlative form
of the adjective given. Include any other necessary words.
a) The Nile is (long) river in the world.
b) I was disappointed as the film was (entertaining) than I expected.
c) Most planes go a lot (fast) trains.
d) Yesterday was one of (hot) days of the year.
e) I think this book is much (good) the other one.
f) The twins are the same height. Tim is (tall) Sue.
g) The first exercise was easy but this one is (difficult).
h) The Mediterranean is not (large) the Pacific Ocean.
i) This classroom is (big) the one next door.
j) This is (bad) television programme I’ve ever watched.
Ex. 3. Complete these sentences. Each time use the comparative form
of one of the following adjectives or adverbs: crowded, early, easily, expensive,
interested, large, near, often, quiet, thin.
Example: This jacket is too small, I need a larger size.
1. You look … . Have you lost weight?
2. He’s not so keen on his studies. He’s … in having a good time.
3. You’ll find your way around the town … if you have a map.
4. You’re making too much noise. Can you be a bit …?
5. There were a lot of people on the bus. It was … than usual.
6. You’re late. I expected you to be here ,. .
7. You hardly ever write to me. Why don’t you write a bit …?
8. The hotel was surprisingly cheap. I expected it to be much … .
9. It’s a pity you live so far away. I wish you lived … .
Ex. 4. Complete the dialogue
John:
Good afternoon, Peter. Glad to see you. You are very early. Our
lessons begin at four o’clock, as you know.
Peter:
You see, I want to ask you some questions about English
grammar. That’s why I am here. I know that you always come
earlier than all the other students.
John:
What do you want to ask me?
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Peter:
I don’t understand the degrees of comparison, I know the forms
of short words, such as ‘large’, ‘big’, ‘small’, ets. What must I do
with such long words as ‘interesting’, ‘difficult’ and others?
John:
Oh, it’s quite easy. It’s much easier than many other things in
English grammar. Listen, do you know the degrees of compari-
son of the words ‘much’ and ‘many’?
Peter:
Yes, I do. They are … .
John:
That’s right. Now, if you want to have the degrees of comparison
of the word ‘interesting’ use … before it. For instance: … .
Peter:
I see. Thank you, John. Now ask me some questions, please.
John:
All right. What are the degrees of comparison of the word
‘difficult’?
Peter:
They are … .
John:
Very good. Now tell me, Peter, is the Thames as long as the Volga?
Peter:
No, the Thames is not so long as the Volga; the Volga is … than
the Thames. It is … river in Europe.
John:
What’s the longest river in the world?
Peter:
The longest river in the world is the Mississippi.
John:
What are the degrees of comparison of ‘little’?
Peter:
I don’t know.
John:
Don’t you know? They are… And what are the degrees of
comparison of ‘good’ and ‘bad’?
Peter:
They are … .
John:
That’s right.
Peter:
Thank you, John. Now I understand the degrees of comparison
quite well.
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UNIT 2
Task 1. Memorize the following words:
school-leaver випускник (ця)
inclination здібності
in accordance with у відповідності
choose (chose, chosen) вибирати
make a choice робити вибір
to try намагатися
to manage спромогтися
once in a while іноді
quarrel суперечки
rude грубий, брутальний
promise обіцянка
keep promises дотримуватись обіцянки
surgeon хірург
sociable товариський, компанійський
overtime надурочний
patient пацієнт, хворий
attractive привабливий
experienced досвідчена
seem здаватися
climb лазити
joke жарт, жартувати
care піклуватися
well-meaning доброзичливий
intelligent розумний
cherished (dream) заповітна
gentle ніжна, ласкава
trust довіряти
successfully успішно
retire виходити на пенсію
Task II. Translate the following sentences:
1. I have many relatives on my mother’s and my father’s side.
2. Some of my aunts, uncles and cousins live in our town.
3. She seems to think of nothing but reading.
4. Her cherished dream is to visit Paris.
ABOUT MYSELF AND MY
F
AMIL
Y
Part 1
.
MY FAMILY
30
5. He is well-meaning and intelligent person.
6. She cares much for her grandparents.
7. They are getting married soon.
Task III. Translate into English:
1. Мій друг вибрав професію згідно з його здібностями.
2. Мій батько завжди дотримується своїх обіцянок.
3. Я ненавиджу суперечки.
4. Я в усьому довіряю своїй бабусі.
5. Сестра моєї подруги – одружена.
6. Іноді їм доводиться працювати надурочно.
7. Він живе у своєму рідному місті
з дитинства.
Task IV. Try to remember the synonyms:
1) to tell = to speak = to talk;
2) I was born to a family of a … = I descend;
3) to make a choice = to make a decision;
4) in accordance with = in correspondence with, corresponding to;
5) once in a while = sometimes, from time to time, seldom;
6) to be fond of = to like very much;
7) skilled = qualified, experienced;
8) form = grade (about school);
9) I think = I guess;
10) to manage (the house) = to run the house, to keep the house;
11) a lot of = many, a world of;
12) sociable, well-meaning = good hearted;
13) joke = fun;
14) to retire = to be pensioned off;
15) for short = to put into a few words;
16) full name = surname = last name= family name;
17) possibly = as often as possible.
Task V. Try to remember the antonyms:
1) often – once in a while;
2) to marry – to divorce;
3) to be born – to die;
4) to enter – to leave, to graduate;
5) rude – well-meaning, gentle;
6) to work hard – not to care much for (about school);
7) to make friends (with) – to quarrel;
8) to like – to dislike.
Task VI. Read and translate the words:
Family, parents, child, children, childhood, twins, first-born, grandfather,
grannie, stepdaughter, aunt, marriage, bride, wedding, honeymoon, kindergarten, enter,
to graduate from, age, to retire, elderly, hostess, nephew, niece, school leaver.