Василевич Г.А. (ред.) Сборник нормативных правовых актов о труде. В 2 т. Том 1
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550
2) C!, C!%,ƒ"%ä“2" %K?“2"……% …%K.%ä,ì/. !=K%2 C% "%ä%“…=K-
›…,þ, ã=ƒ%“…=K›…,þ, %2%Cë…,þ, %“"?…,þ, *=…=ë,ƒ=ö,,, 2!=…“C%!-
23, “" ƒ, $ äë 3“2!=……, “ë3÷=L…/. ,ë, …%›,ä=……/. %K“2% 2ëü“2",
…=!3ø=þ?,. C!=",ëü…% ,. -3…*ö,%…,!%"=…,.
q 2 = 2 ü 122. o!äëü…% *%ë,÷“2"% “"!.3!%÷…/. !=K%2
q"!.3!%÷…/ !=K%2/ … ä%ë›…/ C!"/ø=2ü äë *=›ä%ã% !=K%2…,-
*= ÷2/!. ÷=“%" " 2÷…, ä"3. ä…L C%ä! ä , 120 ÷=“%" " ã%ä.
b C!äëü…% *%ë,÷“2"% … "*ëþ÷=þ2“ “"!.3!%÷…/ !=K%2/, "/-
C%ë………/ " “ë3÷= ., C!ä3“ì%2!……/. “2=2üL 121 …=“2% ?ã% j%ä*“=.
o!=",2ëü“2"% p“C3Kë,*, aë=!3“ü "C!=" “%*!=?=2ü …= %C!ä-
ë……/L “!%* C!äëü…% *%ë,÷“2"% “"!.3!%÷…/. !=K%2 " öë%ì C% !“-
C3Kë,* ë,K% C% %2!=“ë ì ,ë, %2äëü…/ì 2!!,2%!, ì “ 2ì, ÷2%K/
!=“ø,!,2ü "%ƒì%›…%“2, 2!3ä%3“2!%L“2"= …ƒ=… 2%ã% …=“ë…, .
m=…,ì=2ëü %K ƒ=… "“2, 2%÷…/L 3÷2 “"!.3!%÷…/. !=K%2, "/C%ë-
………/. *=›ä/ì !=K%2…,*%ì. h…-%!ì=ö, %K ,. *%ë,÷“2" C!ä%“2="-
ë 2“ !=K%2…,*3 C% ã% 2!K%"=…,þ.
q 2 = 2 ü 123. p›,ì !=K%÷ã% "!ì…,
p›,ì !=K%÷ã% "!ì…, $ C%! ä%* !=“C!äë…, …=…,ì=2ëì
3“2=…%"ë……/. …=“2% ?,ì j%ä*“%ì äë !=K%2…,*%" …%!ì ›ä…"…%L
, ›…äëü…%L C!%ä%ë›,2ëü…%“2, !=K%÷ã% "!ì…, , "!ì…, %2ä/.=
…= C!%2 ›…,, “32%*, …äë,, ì“ ö= , ä!3ã,. *=ë…ä=!…/. C!,%ä%".
p›,ì !=K%÷ã% "!ì…, %C!äë 2 "!ì …=÷=ë= , %*%…÷=…, !=-
K%÷ã% ä… (“ì…/), "!ì %Kä……%ã% , ä!3ã,. C!!/"%", C%“ëä%"=2ëü-
…%“2ü ÷!ä%"=…, !=K%2…,*%" C% “ì…=ì, !=K%÷, , "/.%ä…/ ä…,.
p›,ì !=K%÷ã% "!ì…, !=K%2…,*%" !=ƒ!=K=2/"=2“ ,“.%ä ,ƒ !-
›,ì= !=K%2/, C!,ì… ì%ã% 3 …=…,ì=2ë .
p›,ì !=K%÷ã% "!ì…, %C!äë 2“ C!=",ë=ì, "…32!……ã% 2!3-
ä%"%ã% !=“C%! ä*= ,ë, ã!=-,*%ì !=K%2 (“ì……%“2,).
c!=-,* !=K%2 (“ì……%“2,) 32"!›ä=2“ …=…,ì=2ëì C% “%ãë=“%"=-
…,þ “ C!%-“%þƒ%ì.
r“2=…%"ë……/L !›,ì !=K%÷ã% "!ì…, ä%"%ä,2“ ä% "ä%ì= !=-
K%2…,*%" … C%ƒä… %ä…%ã% ì“ ö= ä% ""ä…, ã% " äL“2",.
q 2 = 2 ü 124. o 2,ä…"…= , ø“2,ä…"…= !=K%÷= …äë
o 2,ä…"…= “ ä"3ì "/.%ä…/ì, ä… ì, ,ë, ø“2,ä…"…= “ %ä…,ì
"/.%ä…/ì ä…ì !=K%÷= …äë 3“2=…="ë,"=2“ …=…,ì=2ëì C% “%-
ãë=“%"=…,þ “ C!%-“%þƒ%ì.
e“ë, C!, C 2,ä…"…%L !=K%÷L …äë “3ìì= ÷=“%" C 2, !=K%÷,.
ä…L ƒ= *=ë…ä=!…3þ …äëþ ì…üø …äëü…%L …%!ì/, …%2!=K%2*= "%ƒ-
ì?=2“ C% ì! %K!=ƒ%"=…, " %2äëü…/ …äë, ƒ= “÷2 %ä…%ã% ,ë,
ä"3. (ƒ= ,“*ëþ÷…,ì "%“*!“…ü ) "/.%ä…/. ä…L, *%2%!/ " ã!=-,*
!=K%2 (“ì……%“2,) Cë=…,!3þ2“ *=* !=K%÷, ä…,.
551
q3ìì= ÷=“%" !=K%2/ C% ã!=-,*3 “ì……%“2, C!, C 2,ä…"…%L , ø“2,-
ä…"…%L !=K%÷L …äë ä%ë›…= “%%2"2“2"%"=2ü !=“÷2…%L …%!ì !=K%÷ã%
"!ì…, *=›ä%ã% *=ë…ä=!…%ã% ã%ä=, *%2%!= 3“2=…="ë,"=2“ o!=",2ëü“2"%ì
p“C3Kë,*, aë=!3“ü ,ë, 3C%ë…%ì%÷……/ì ,ì %!ã=…%ì.
q 2 = 2 ü 125. Ñìåííàÿ ðàáîòà è ðåæèì ðàáî÷åãî âðåìåíè ïðè
ñìåííîé ðàáîòå
Ðàáîòà â äâå è áîëåå ñìåíû ñ÷èòàåòñÿ ñìåííîé ðàáîòîé. Ñìåííàÿ
ðàáîòà ââîäèòñÿ â òåõ ñëó÷àÿõ, êîãäà äëèòåëüíîñòü ïðîèçâîäñòâåííî-
ãî ïðîöåññà (ðàáîòû) ïðåâûøàåò óñòàíîâëåííóþ ïðîäîëæèòåëüíîñòü
åæåäíåâíîé ðàáîòû, à òàêæå â öåëÿõ áîëåå ýôôåêòèâíîãî èñïîëüçîâà-
íèÿ îáîðóäîâàíèÿ, óâåëè÷åíèÿ îáúåìà ïðîèçâîäñòâà (ðàáîò, óñëóã).
Ðåæèì ðàáî÷åãî âðåìåíè ïðè ñìåííîé ðàáîòå îïðåäåëÿåòñÿ ãðà-
ôèêîì ñìåííîñòè â ñîîòâåòñòâèè ñî ñòàòüåé 123 íàñòîÿùåãî Êî-
äåêñà. Ïðè ýòîì ïðîäîëæèòåëüíîñòü ñìåíû íå ìîæåò ïðåâûøàòü
12 ÷àñîâ. Èíàÿ ïðîäîëæèòåëüíîñòü ñìåíû äëÿ îòäåëüíûõ êàòåãî-
ðèé ðàáîòíèêîâ ìîæåò óñòàíàâëèâàòüñÿ Ïðàâèòåëüñòâîì Ðåñïóá-
ëèêè Áåëàðóñü. Ðàáîòíèêè ÷åðåäóþòñÿ ïî ñìåíàì ðàâíîìåðíî. Ðàáî-
òà â òå÷åíèå äâóõ ñìåí ïîäðÿä çàïðåùàåòñÿ.
l,…,ì=ëü…= C!%ä%ë›,2ëü…%“2ü ›ä…"…%ã% %2ä/.= ì›ä3 “ì-
…=ì, (%2 *%…ö= %ä…%L ä% …=÷=ë= “ëä3þ?L) ä%ë›…= K/2ü "ì“2 “% "!-
ì…ì C!!/"= äë %2ä/.= , C,2=…, … ì… ä"%L…%L C!%ä%ë›,2ëü-
…%“2, "!ì…, !=K%2/ " C!äø“2"3þ?L %2ä/.3 “ì….
e“ë, C!%ä%ë›,2ëü…%“2ü “ì…/ C% ã!=-,*3 K%ëüø "%“üì, ÷=“%",
3ì…üø…, C!%ä%ë›,2ëü…%“2, ›ä…"…%ã% %2ä/.= ì›ä3 “ì…=ì,
*%ìC…“,!32“ ƒ= “÷2 3"ë,÷…, ›…äëü…%ã% …C!!/"…%ã% %2ä/.=.
q 2 = 2 ü 126. Ñóììèðîâàííûé ó÷åò ðàáî÷åãî âðåìåíè
 îðãàíèçàöèÿõ, ãäå ïî óñëîâèÿì ïðîèçâîäñòâà (ðàáîòû) íåâîçìîæ-
íî èëè ýêîíîìè÷åñêè íåöåëåñîîáðàçíî ñîáëþäåíèå óñòàíîâëåííîé äëÿ
äàííîé êàòåãîðèè ðàáîòíèêîâ åæåäíåâíîé èëè åæåíåäåëüíîé ïðîäîëæè-
òåëüíîñòè ðàáî÷åãî âðåìåíè, ìîæåò ïðèìåíÿòüñÿ ñóììèðîâàííûé ó÷åò
ðàáî÷åãî âðåìåíè.
Åæåíåäåëüíàÿ ïðîäîëæèòåëüíîñòü ðàáî÷åãî âðåìåíè ïðè ñóììèðî-
âàííîì ó÷åòå ìîæåò áûòü áîëüøå èëè ìåíüøå óñòàíîâëåííîé íîðìû
ïðîäîëæèòåëüíîñòè ðàáî÷åãî âðåìåíè â íåäåëþ (ñòàòüè 112–114). Ïðè
ýòîì åæåäíåâíàÿ ïðîäîëæèòåëüíîñòü ðàáî÷åãî âðåìåíè íå ìîæåò ïðå-
âûøàòü 12 ÷àñîâ.
Ñóììà ÷àñîâ ðàáî÷åãî âðåìåíè ïî ãðàôèêó ðàáîò (ñìåííîñòè)
çà ó÷åòíûé ïåðèîä íå äîëæíà ïðåâûøàòü íîðìû ÷àñîâ çà ýòîò ïåðèîä,
ðàññ÷èòàííîé â ñîîòâåòñòâèè ñî ñòàòüÿìè 112–117 íàñòîÿùåãî Êî-
äåêñà.
Ó÷åòíûì ïåðèîäîì ïðè ñóììèðîâàííîì ó÷åòå ðàáî÷åãî âðåìåíè ïðè-
çíàåòñÿ ïåðèîä, â ïðåäåëàõ êîòîðîãî äîëæíà áûòü ñîáëþäåíà â ñðåäíåì
óñòàíîâëåííàÿ äëÿ äàííîé êàòåãîðèè ðàáîòíèêîâ íîðìà ïðîäîëæèòåëü-
íîñòè ðàáî÷åãî âðåìåíè â íåäåëþ (ñòàòüè 112–114).
552
Ïðîäîëæèòåëüíîñòü ó÷åòíîãî ïåðèîäà óñòàíàâëèâàåòñÿ íàíèìà-
òåëåì è íå ìîæåò ïðåâûøàòü îäíîãî êàëåíäàðíîãî ãîäà. Ó÷åòíûé ïåðè-
îä ìîæåò îïðåäåëÿòüñÿ êàëåíäàðíûìè ïåðèîäàìè (ìåñÿö, êâàðòàë),
èíûìè ïåðèîäàìè.
Ñóììèðîâàííûé ó÷åò ðàáî÷åãî âðåìåíè ââîäèòñÿ íàíèìàòåëåì ïî
ñîãëàñîâàíèþ ñ ïðîôñîþçîì.
q 2 = 2 ü 127. p=ƒäë…, !=K%÷ã% ä… …= ÷=“2,
m= 2. !=K%2=., ãä .2% …%K.%ä,ì% "“ëä“2", %“%K%ã% .=!=*2!=
2!3ä=, = 2=*› C!, C!%,ƒ"%ä“2" !=K%2, ,…2…“,"…%“2ü *%2%!/. …%ä,…=-
*%"= " 2÷…, !=K%÷ã% ä… (“ì…/), !=K%÷,L ä…ü ì%›2 K/2ü !=ƒäë…
…= %2äëü…/ ÷=“2, “ C!!/"%ì, C!"/ø=þ?,ì ä"= ÷=“=, ë,K% “ ä"3ì ,
K%ë C!!/"=ì,, "*ëþ÷= C!!/" äë %2ä/.= , C,2=…, , %K?L C!%-
ä%ë›,2ëü…%“2üþ … K%ë ÷2/!. ÷=“%". o!, .2%ì %K?= C!%ä%ë›,-
2ëü…%“2ü !=K%÷ã% "!ì…, … ä%ë›…= C!"/ø=2ü 3“2=…%"ë……%L C!%-
ä%ë›,2ëü…%“2, ›ä…"…%L !=K%2/.
b!ì C!!/"%" " 2÷…, !=K%÷ã% ä… " !=K%÷ "!ì … "*ëþ÷=-
2“ .
pø…, % !=ƒäë…,, !=K%÷ã% ä… …= ÷=“2, C!,…,ì=2“ …=…,ì=2-
ëì C% “%ãë=“%"=…,þ “ C!%-“%þƒ%ì.
q 2 = 2 ü 128. p›,ì ã,K*%ã% !=K%÷ã% "!ì…,
p›,ì ã,K*%ã% !=K%÷ã% "!ì…, $ -%!ì= %!ã=…,ƒ=ö,, !=K%÷ã% "!-
ì…,, C!, *%2%!%L äë %2äëü…/. !=K%2…,*%" ,ë, *%ëë*2,"%" “2!3*-
23!…/. C%ä!=ƒäë…,L %!ã=…,ƒ=ö,, ä%C3“*=2“ " %C!äë……/. C!ä-
ë=. “=ì%!ã3ë,!%"=…, …=÷=ë=, %*%…÷=…, , %K?L C!%ä%ë›,2ëü…%“2,
!=K%÷ã% ä… . o!, .2%ì 2!K32“ C%ë…= %2!=K%2*= 3“2=…%"ë……%ã% ƒ=-
*%…%ì “3ìì=!…%ã% *%ë,÷“2"= !=K%÷,. ÷=“%" " 2÷…, C!,… 2%ã% 3÷2-
…%ã% C!,%ä= (!=K%÷ã% ä… , …äë,, ì“ ö= , ä!.).
p›,ì ã,K*%ã% !=K%÷ã% "!ì…, 3“2=…="ë,"=2“ …=…,ì=2ëì C%
,…ä,",ä3=ëü…/ì ,ë, *%ëë*2,"…/ì C!%“üK=ì C% “%ãë=“%"=…,þ “ C!%--
“%þƒ%ì C!, 3“ë%",,, “ë, .2% 3÷,2/"=2 ,…2!“/ C!%,ƒ"%ä“2"=, … C!,-
"ä2 * %“ë%›……, ì " !=K%2 %!ã=…,ƒ=ö,,, … …=!3ø,2 …%!ì=ëü…3þ
ä 2ëü…%“2ü , !,2ì,÷…%“2ü C!%,ƒ"%ä“2"=, "…ø…, “" ƒ,.
p=K%2…,*,, C!"%ä,ì/ …= !›,ì ã,K*%ã% !=K%÷ã% "!ì…,, …
C%ƒä… ÷ì ƒ= ì“ ö ä%ë›…/ K/2ü C!%,…-%!ì,!%"=…/ % ä=2 C!"%ä=
…= .2%2 !›,ì, %ƒ…=*%ìë…/ “ 3“ë%", ì, , “Cö,-,*%L !=K%2/ C% ä=…-
…%ì3 !›,ì3. b C!%C3“*=. 2=*,. !=K%2…,*%" C!%,ƒ"%ä,2“ “%%2"2“2"3-
þ?= %2ì2*= ,ë, "/ä=2“ “Cö,=ëü…/L "*ë=ä/ø * C!%C3“*3 " %!ã=-
…,ƒ=ö,þ.
o!, "/C%ë……,, !=K%2/ "… %!ã=…,ƒ=ö,, (“ë3›K…= *%ì=…ä,!%"-
*=, 3÷=“2, " “%"?=…, ., *%…-!…ö, . , 2.C.) !›,ì ã,K*%ã% !=K%÷ã%
"!ì…, … C!,ì… 2“ , = 3÷2 !=K%÷ã% "!ì…, "ä2“ *=* C!, %K/÷-
…%ì !›,ì.
p›,ì ã,K*%ã% !=K%÷ã% "!ì…, ì%›2 C!,ì… 2ü“ *=* C!, C 2,-
ä…"…%L , ø“2,ä…"…%L !=K%÷L …äë, 2=* , C!, ä!3ã,. !›,ì=. !=-
K%2/.
553
o!,ì……, !›,ì= ã,K*%ã% !=K%÷ã% "!ì…, … "…%“,2 ,ƒì……,L
" 3“ë%", …%!ì,!%"=…, , %Cë=2/ 2!3ä= !=K%2…,*%", C%! ä%* …=÷,“ë-
…, , "ë,÷,…3 ä%Cë=2, … %2!=›=2“ …= C!ä%“2="ë…,, ã=!=…2,L, C!%-
ä%ë›,2ëü…%“2, 2!3ä%"%ã% %2C3“*=, ,“÷,“ë…,, 2!3ä%"%ã% “2=›= , ä!3-
ã,. 2!3ä%"/. C!="=.. g=C,“ü % !›,ì ã,K*%ã% !=K%÷ã% "!ì…, " 2!3ä%-
"3þ *…,›*3 … "…%“,2“ .
q 2 = 2 ü 129. q%“2="…/ .ëì…2/ , "=!,=…2/ !›,ì%" ã,K*%ã%
!=K%÷ã% "!ì…,
c,K*% !=K%÷ "!ì "*ëþ÷=2:
1) C!ì……% (ã,K*%) "!ì $ "!ì " …=÷=ë , " *%…ö !=K%÷ã%
ä… (“ì…/), " C!äë=. *%2%!%ã% !=K%2…,* "C!=" …=÷,…=2ü , ƒ=*=…÷,-
"=2ü !=K%23 C% “"%ì3 3“ì%2!…,þ;
2) -,*“,!%"=……% "!ì $ "!ì %K ƒ=2ëü…%ã% C!,“32“2", …= !=-
K%2 "“. !=K%2=þ?,. C% !›,ì3 ã,K*%ã% !=K%÷ã% "!ì…, " ä=……%ì
C%ä!=ƒäë…,, C!äC!, 2, . o% C!%ä%ë›,2ëü…%“2, $ .2% %“…%"…= ÷=“2ü
!=K%÷ã% ä… ;
3) C!!/" äë C,2=…, , %2ä/.=, *%2%!/L %K/÷…% !=ƒäë 2 -,*-
“,!%"=……% "!ì …= ä" C!,ì!…% !="…/ ÷=“2,. t=*2,÷“*= ã% C!%-
ä%ë›,2ëü…%“2ü … "*ëþ÷=2“ " !=K%÷ "!ì ;
4) C!%ä%ë›,2ëü…%“2ü (2,C) 3÷2…%ã% C!,%ä=, %C!äë þ?= *=ë…-
ä=!…% "!ì (ì“ ö, …äë , 2.ä.), " 2÷…, *%2%!%ã% *=›ä/ì !=K%2…,-
*%ì ä%ë›…= K/2ü %2!=K%2=…= 3“2=…%"ë……= ƒ=*%…%ä=2ëü“2"%ì …%!ì=
!=K%÷,. ÷=“%".
o!%ä%ë›,2ëü…%“2ü -,*“,!%"=……%ã% "!ì…, , *=›ä%L ÷=“2, ã,K-
*%ã% "!ì…, %C!äë 2“ …=…,ì=2ëì “ 3÷2%ì ì……, !=K%2…,*%".
l=*“,ì=ëü…= C!%ä%ë›,2ëü…%“2ü ã,K*%ã% "!ì…, " 2÷…, !=K%-
÷ã% ä… … ä%ë›…= C!"/ø=2ü 10 ÷=“%", = ƒ= 3÷2…/L C!,%ä “3ìì=
÷=“%" !=K%÷ã% "!ì…, ä%ë›…= K/2ü !="…= …%!ì ÷=“%" ƒ= .2%2 C!,%ä.
b%ƒì%›…/ “ëä3þ?, %“…%"…/ "=!,=…2/ !›,ì%" ã,K*%ã% !=K%÷-
ã% "!ì…, " ƒ=",“,ì%“2, %2 C!%ä%ë›,2ëü…%“2, 3÷2…%ã% C!,%ä=:
1) 3÷2…/L C!,%ä, !="…/L !=K%÷ì3 ä…þ, *%ãä= ã% C!%ä%ë›,2ëü-
…%“2ü, 3“2=…%"ë……= ƒ=*%…%ä=2ëü“2"%ì, C%ë…%“2üþ %2!=K=2/"=2“ "
2%2 › ä…ü;
2) 3÷2…/L C!,%ä, !="…/L !=K%÷L …äë, *%ãä= C!%ä%ë›,2ëü-
…%“2ü, 3“2=…%"ë……= " !=K%÷,. ÷=“=., C%ë…%“2üþ %2!=K=2/"=2“ " ä=…-
…%L !=K%÷L …äë;
3) 3÷2…/L C!,%ä, !="…/L !=K%÷ì3 ì“ ö3, *%ãä= 3“2=…%"ë……=
ì“ ÷…= …%!ì= !=K%÷,. ÷=“%" C%ë…%“2üþ %2!=K=2/"=2“ " ä=……%ì ì-
“ ö.
b %2äëü…/. “ë3÷= . " *=÷“2" 3÷2…%ã% C!,%ä= ì%ã32 C!,ì… 2ü-
“ 2=*› !=K%÷= ä*=ä=, !=K%÷,L *"=!2=ë “ =…=ë%ã,÷…/ì, 3“ë%", ì,
%2!=K%2*,, = 2=*› ä!3ã, "=!,=…2/ !›,ì%" ã,K*%ã% !=K%÷ã% "!ì…,,
3ä%K…/ äë …=…,ì=2ë , !=K%2…,*%".
554
q 2 = 2 ü 130. që3÷=, C!"%ä= …= %K/÷…/L !›,ì !=K%2/
m=…,ì=2ëü "C!=" C!"“2, !=K%2…,*= (!=K%2…,*%") “ !›,ì= ã,K-
*%ã% !=K%÷ã% "!ì…, …= %K?3“2=…%"ë……/L !›,ì !=K%2/:
1) " “ë3÷= C!%,ƒ"%ä“2"……%L …%K.%ä,ì%“2, $ "!ì……% …= “!%* ä%
%ä…%ã% ì“ ö=;
2) C!, …=!3ø…,, !=K%2…,*%ì C!,… 2%ã% !›,ì= C%ì,ì% C!,ì…-
…, “%%2"2“2"3þ?,. ä,“ö,Cë,…=!…/. "ƒ/“*=…,L $ …= “!%* ä% 2!.
ì“ ö", = C!, C%"2%!…%ì …=!3ø…,, $ …= “!%* … ì… ä"3. ë2;
3) " “ë3÷= “,“2ì=2,÷“*%ã% …=!3ø…, !=K%2…,*=ì, “2!3*23!…%ã%
C%ä!=ƒäë…, C!=",ë, !ãë=ì…2,!3þ?,. !=K%23 " 3“ë%", . ã,K*%ã%
!=K%÷ã% "!ì…,, 3C%ë…%ì%÷……% ä%ë›…%“2…% ë,ö% …=…,ì=2ë ä%ë›-
…% C!"“2, ä=……% “2!3*23!…% C%ä!=ƒäë…, …= %K?3“2=…%"ë……/L
!›,ì !=K%2/.
q 2 = 2 ü 131. nã!=…,÷…, C!,ì……, !›,ì%" ã,K*%ã% !=K%÷ã%
"!ì…,
p›,ì/ ã,K*%ã% !=K%÷ã% "!ì…,, *=* C!=",ë%, … C!,ì… þ2“ "
C!!/"…/. C!%,ƒ"%ä“2"=., " 3“ë%", . 2!.“ì……%L !=K%2/, C!, ä"3.-
“ì……%L !=K%2, “ë, %2“32“2"3þ2 “"%K%ä…/ !=K%÷, ì“2=, …= “2/*=.
“ì…, = 2=*› " ä!3ã,. “ë3÷= ., %C!äë ì/. “Cö,-,*%L C!%,ƒ"%ä-
“2"=.
b%ƒì%›…%“2, äë C!,ì……, !›,ì%" ã,K*%ã% !=K%÷ã% "!ì…, "
%2äëü…/. %!ã=…,ƒ=ö, . (,. “2!3*23!…/. C%ä!=ƒäë…, .) ì%ã32 2=*›
%ã!=…,÷,"=2ü“ :
1) 3“ë%", ì, "…32!,C!%,ƒ"%ä“2"……%L *%%C!=ö,, , "…ø…,. “" -
ƒL %!ã=…,ƒ=ö,,;
2) %“%K……%“2 ì, 2!3ä= %2äëü…/. *=2ã%!,L !=K%2…,*%" , .=!=*-
2!%ì "/C%ë… ì/. ,ì, -3…*ö,L;
3) %2“32“2",ì ä%ë›…%ã% C%! ä*= " …%!ì,!%"=…,, 2!3ä= , 3÷2
!=K%÷ã% "!ì…,;
4) …,ƒ*,ì 3!%"…ì %!ã=…,ƒ=ö,, 2!3ä= , C!%,ƒ"%ä“2"=, “ë=K%L 2!3-
ä%"%L ä,“ö,Cë,…%L;
5) %“%K/ì, 3“ë%", ì, %.!=…/ 2!3ä= , 2.…,*, Kƒ%C=“…%“2,, = 2=*-
› ä!3ã,ì, 3“ë%", ì, , %“%K……%“2 ì, C!%,ƒ"%ä“2"=.
q 2 = 2 ü 132. h“C%ëüƒ%"=…, !=K%÷ã% "!ì…,
p=K%2…,*, %K ƒ=…/ "%"!ì C!,.%ä,2ü …= !=K%23 , C%ë…%“2üþ ,“-
C%ëüƒ%"=2ü 3“2=…%"ë……3þ ƒ=*%…%ä=2ëü“2"%ì C!%ä%ë›,2ëü…%“2ü !=K%-
÷ã% "!ì…, äë "/C%ë……, “"%,. %K ƒ=……%“2L, = …=…,ì=2ëü ä%ë›…
“%ƒä="=2ü 3“ë%", äë C%ë…%ã% , C!%,ƒ"%ä,2ëü…%ã% ,“C%ëüƒ%"=…, !=-
K%÷ã% "!ì…,.
555
b !=K%÷ "!ì ƒ=C!?=2“ %2"ë*=2ü !=K%2…,*%" %2 ,. …C%“!ä-
“2"……%L !=K%2/, %“"%K%›ä=2ü %2 !=K%2/ äë "/C%ë……, %K?“2"……/.
%K ƒ=……%“2L , C!%"ä…, ì!%C!, 2,L, … “" ƒ=……/. “ C!%,ƒ"%ä“2"…-
…%L ä 2ëü…%“2üþ, “ë, ,…% … C!ä3“ì%2!…% ƒ=*%…%ä=2ëü“2"%ì, *%ë-
ë*2,"…/ì ä%ã%"%!%ì, “%ãë=ø…,ì.
q 2 = 2 ü 133. nK ƒ=……%“2ü …=…,ì=2ë C% %!ã=…,ƒ=ö,, 3÷2=
!=K%÷ã% "!ì…,
m=…,ì=2ëü %K ƒ=… %!ã=…,ƒ%"=2ü 3÷2 "*, !=K%2…,*%" …= !=K%23 ,
3.%ä= “ ….
d% …=÷=ë= !=K%2/ *=›ä/L !=K%2…,* ä%ë›… " C%! ä*, 3“2=…%"ë…-
…%ì …=…,ì=2ëì, %2ì2,2ü “"%L C!,.%ä, = C% %*%…÷=…,, $ 3.%ä.
r÷2 "%* …= !=K%23 , 3.%ä= “ … "ä2“ " 2=Kë . ,“C%ëüƒ%"=…,
!=K%÷ã% "!ì…, 3“2=…%"ë……%L -%!ì/, " ã%ä%"/. 2=Këü…/. *=!2%÷*=.
, ä!3ã,. ä%*3ì…2=..
r÷23 C%äë›,2 -=*2,÷“*% !=K%÷ "!ì , *%2%!% “%“2%,2 ,ƒ %2-
!=K%2=……%ã% , …%2!=K%2=……%ã% "!ì…,, "*ëþ÷=ì% " “%%2"2“2",, “ ƒ=-
*%…%ä=2ëü“2"%ì " !=K%÷ "!ì .
b “%“2=" %2!=K%2=……%ã% "!ì…, %2äëü…% 3÷,2/"=2“ "!ì “"!.3-
!%÷…/. !=K%2, C%"!ì……%L !=K%2/ “äëü?,*%", “ë3›K…/. *%ì=…ä,!%-
"%* , !=K%2/ C% “%"ì“2,2ëü“2"3.
b “%“2=" …%2!=K%2=……%ã% "!ì…, "/äë þ2“ %Cë=÷,"=ì% , …-
%Cë=÷,"=ì% "!ì , = 2=*› C%2!, !=K%÷ã% "!ì…, *=* C% ",… !=K%2-
…,*=, 2=* , C!, %2“32“2",, ã% ",…/.
t=*2,÷“*% !=K%÷ "!ì 3÷,2/"=2“ “ ì%ì…2= "*, !=K%2…,*=
…= ì“2% "/C%ë……, !=K%2/ “%ãë=“…% C!=",ë=ì "…32!……ã% 2!3ä%"%ã%
!=“C%! ä*=, ã!=-,*3 !=K%2 (“ì……%“2,) ,ë, %“%K%ì3 3*=ƒ=…,þ …=…,ì=2-
ë , ä% ì%ì…2= -=*2,÷“*%ã% %“"%K%›ä…, %2 !=K%2/ " .2%2 !=K%÷,L
ä…ü (“ì…3).
j=* -=*2,÷“*, %2!=K%2=……% ä%ë›…% 3÷,2/"=2ü“ "!ì "/C%ë…-
…, %“…%"…/. , C%äã%2%",2ëü…%-ƒ=*ëþ÷,2ëü…/. %C!=ö,L (C%ë3÷…,
…=! ä=, ì=2!,=ë%", ,…“2!3ì…2%", %ƒ…=*%ìë…, “ 2.…,*%L, ä%*3ì…2=-
ö,L, C%äã%2%"*= , 3K%!*= !=K%÷ã% ì“2=, “ä=÷= ã%2%"%L C!%ä3*ö,, ,
ä!.), C!!/"%", C!ä3“ì%2!……/. 2.…%ë%ã,L, %!ã=…,ƒ=ö,L 2!3ä=, C!=-
",ë=ì, ã% 2.…,÷“*%ã% …%!ì,!%"=…, , %.!=…/, = C!, ,. %2“32“2",, $
…=…,ì=2ëì C% “%ãë=“%"=…,þ “ C!%-“%þƒ%ì.
b -=*2,÷“*% "!ì … ".%ä,2 , … 3÷,2/"=2“ "!ì C!%ƒä= %2
ì“2= ›,2ëü“2"= ä% ì“2= C%“2% ……%L !=K%2/ (C%“2% ……%ã% “K%!=) , %K-
!=2…%, "!ì , …%K.%ä,ì% …= ä%!%ã3 %2 C!%.%ä…%L ä% !=K%÷ã% ì“2=, …=
C!%ä"=…, C!ä …=÷=ë%ì , C%“ë %*%…÷=…, !=K%2/, …= !ã,“2!=ö,þ
C!, 3.%ä.
b!ì "…32!,“ì……/. C!%“2%" 3÷,2/"=2“ …=÷,…= “ C 2, ì,…32.
b!ì ,“C%ëüƒ%"=…, !=K%2…,*%" " C!,%ä C!%“2% …= ä!3ã,. !=K%-
2=. " ë,“2%* C!%“2% … "*ëþ÷=2“ , %-%!ìë 2“ "/ä=÷L !=ƒ%"/.
…=! ä%".
556
10.2. Šhonb{e op`bhk` bmrŠpemmecn Šprdnbncn
p`qonp“dj`
r2"!›ä…/ C%“2=…%"ë…,ì l,…,“2!“2"= 2!3ä= p“C3Kë,*,
aë=!3“ü %2 5 =C!ë 2000 ã. 1 46, “ ,ƒì. , ä%C. %2 7 ä*=K! 2007>ã.
1>168
(Íàöèîíàëüíûé ðååñòð ïðàâîâûõ àêòîâ Ðåñïóáëèêè Áåëàðóñü. 2000. ¹ 46. 8/3389;
2008. ¹ 31. 8/17850)
(Èçâëå÷åíèå)
18.>p=K%÷,ì “÷,2=2“ "!ì , " 2÷…, *%2%!%ã% !=K%2…,* " “%%2-
"2“2",, “ 2!3ä%"/ì, *%ëë*2,"…/ì ä%ã%"%!=ì,, C!=",ë=ì, "…32!……-
ã% 2!3ä%"%ã% !=“C%! ä*= %K ƒ=… …=.%ä,2ü“ …= !=K%÷ì ì“2 , "/C%ë-
… 2ü “"%, 2!3ä%"/ %K ƒ=……%“2,.
j !=K%÷ì3 %2…%“,2“ 2=*› "!ì !=K%2/, "/C%ë………%L C% C!äë%-
›…,þ, !=“C%! ›…,þ ,ë, “ "ä%ì= …=…,ì=2ë “"!. 3“2=…%"ë……%L
C!%ä%ë›,2ëü…%“2, !=K%÷ã% "!ì…, (“"!.3!%÷…= !=K%2=, !=K%2= " ã%-
“3ä=!“2"……/ C!=ƒä…,*,, C!=ƒä…,÷…/ , "/.%ä…/ ä…,).
10.3. onknfemhe
n p`an)el bpelemh h bpelemh nŠd{u`
dk“ p`anŠmhjnb npc`mhg`0hi, nqryeqŠbk“~yhu
de“Šek|mnqŠ| b nak`qŠh qb“gh
>r2"!›ä…% C%“2=…%"ë…,ì l,…,“2!“2"= “" ƒ, p“C3Kë,*,
aë=!3“ü %2 18 ì= 2000 ã. 1 9, “ ,ƒì. , ä%C. %2 21 ä*=K! 2006>ã.
1>40, 5 -"!=ë 2008>ã. 1>8
(Íàöèîíàëüíûé ðååñòð ïðàâîâûõ àêòîâ Ðåñïóáëèêè Áåëàðóñü. 2000. ¹ 55. 8/3560;
2007. ¹ 118. 8/16355; 2008. ¹ 58. 8/18209)
>
1.>o%ë%›…, % !=K%÷ì "!ì…, , "!ì…, %2ä/.= äë !=K%2…,*%"
%!ã=…,ƒ=ö,L, %“3?“2"ë þ?,. ä 2ëü…%“2ü " %Kë=“2, “" ƒ, (" ä=ëü…L-
øì>$ o%ë%›…,) !=“C!%“2!=… 2“ …= !=K%2…,*%" %!ã=…,ƒ=ö,L, %“3?-
“2"ë þ?,. ä 2ëü…%“2ü " %Kë=“2, “" ƒ, …ƒ=",“,ì% %2 -%!ì “%K“2"…-
…%“2, , ,. "ä%ì“2"……%L C%ä÷,………%“2, , !ã3ë,!32 %“%K……%“2, !=K%-
÷ã% "!ì…, , "!ì…, %2ä/.= !=K%2…,*%" “ 3÷2%ì “Cö,-,*, !=K%2/
%!ã=…,ƒ=ö,L, %“3?“2"ë þ?,. ä 2ëü…%“2ü " %Kë=“2, “" ƒ,.
2.>b%C!%“/ !=K%÷ã% "!ì…, , "!ì…, %2ä/.=, … C!ä3“ì%2!…-
…/ …=“2% ?,ì o%ë%›…,ì, !ã3ë,!3þ2“ Š!3ä%"/ì *%ä*“%ì p“-
C3Kë,*, aë=!3“ü (" ä=ëü…Løì>$ j%ä*“).
3.>dë !=K%2…,*%" %!ã=…,ƒ=ö,L, %“3?“2"ë þ?,. ä 2ëü…%“2ü "
%Kë=“2, “" ƒ, 3“2=…="ë,"=2“ C%ë…= …%!ì= C!%ä%ë›,2ëü…%“2, !=K%-
÷ã% "!ì…, 40 ÷=“%" " …äëþ.
4.>dë !=K%2…,*%" %!ã=…,ƒ=ö,L, %“3?“2"ë þ?,. ä 2ëü…%“2ü "
%Kë=“2, “" ƒ,, ƒ=… 2/. …= !=K%2=. “ "!ä…/ì, , (,ë,) %C=“…/ì, 3“ë%",-
ì, 2!3ä=, *%2%!/ì 3“2=…%"ë…= “%*!=?……= C!%ä%ë›,2ëü…%“2ü !=K%-
÷ã% "!ì…, “%ãë=“…% “C,“*3 C!%,ƒ"%ä“2", ö.%", C!%-““,L , ä%ë›…%“-
2L “ "!ä…/ì, , (,ë,) %C=“…/ì, 3“ë%", ì, 2!3ä=, !=K%2= " *%2%!/.
557
ä=2 C!="% …= “%*!=?……3þ C!%ä%ë›,2ëü…%“2ü !=K%÷ã% "!ì…,, 32"!-
›ä……%ì3 C%“2=…%"ë…,ì l,…,“2!“2"= 2!3ä= , “%ö,=ëü…%L ƒ=?,2/
p“C3Kë,*, aë=!3“ü %2 10 ä*=K! 2007>ã. 1>170 &n “%*!=?……%L C!%-
ä%ë›,2ëü…%“2, !=K%÷ã% "!ì…, ƒ= !=K%23 “ "!ä…/ì, , (,ë,) %C=“…/-
ì, 3“ë%", ì, 2!3ä=[ (m=ö,%…=ëü…/L !“2! C!="%"/. =*2%" p“C3Kë,-
*, aë=!3“ü, 2008>ã., 1>31, 8/17910), C!%ä%ë›,2ëü…%“2ü ›ä…"…%L
!=K%2/ (“ì…/) … ì%›2 C!"/ø=2ü “ìü ÷=“%" " ä…ü (“ì…3), C!%ä%ë-
›,2ëü…%“2ü !=K%÷ã% "!ì…,>$ 35 ÷=“%" " …äëþ.
5.>e“ë, C!, …%!ì=ëü…%L C!%ä%ë›,2ëü…%“2, !=K%÷ã% "!ì…, !=-
K%÷ "!ì !=K%2…,*= … ƒ=C%ë……% "/C%ë……,ì %K ƒ=……%“2L C% ƒ=-
…,ì=ì%L ä%ë›…%“2, (!=K%2), …=…,ì=2ëü ì%›2 "%ƒë%›,2ü …= .2%ã%
!=K%2…,*= ä!3ã3þ ä%C%ë…,2ëü…3þ !=K%23, “%%2"2“2"3þ?3þ ã% *"=ë,-
-,*=ö,,, “ë, .2% C!ä3“ì%2!…% *%ëë*2,"…/ì ä%ã%"%!%ì, “%ãë=ø…,-
ì. b/C%ë……, ä%C%ë…,2ëü…%L !=K%2/ … ä%ë›…% "/ƒ/"=2ü 3äë,…-
…, !=K%÷ã% ä… ä=……%ã% !=K%2…,*=.
6.>h“*ëþ÷….
7.>b “ë3÷= C!%,ƒ"%ä“2"……%L …%K.%ä,ì%“2,, = 2=*› C!, C!%,ƒ-
"%ä“2" !=K%2, ,…2…“,"…%“2ü *%2%!/. …%ä,…=*%"= " 2÷…, !=K%÷ã%
ä… (“ì…/), äë %2äëü…/. *=2ã%!,L !=K%2…,*%" …=…,ì=2ëì C% “%-
ãë=“%"=…,þ “ C!%-“%þƒ%ì !=K%÷,L ä…ü ì%›2 K/2ü !=ƒäë… …= %2äëü-
…/ ÷=“2, “ C!!/"%ì, C!"/ø=þ?,ì ä"= ÷=“=, ë,K% “ ä"3ì , K%ë
C!!/"=ì,, "*ëþ÷= C!!/" äë %2ä/.= , C,2=…, , %K?L C!%ä%ë›,-
2ëü…%“2üþ … K%ë ÷2/!. ÷=“%", “%ãë=“…% C!,ë%›…,þ * …=“2% ?ì3
o%ë%›…,þ.
b!ì C!!/"%" " 2÷…, !=K%÷ã% ä… " !=K%÷ "!ì … "*ëþ÷=-
2“ .
nK?= C!%ä%ë›,2ëü…%“2ü !=K%÷ã% "!ì…, … ä%ë›…= C!"/ø=2ü
12 ÷=“%".
8.>b %!ã=…,ƒ=ö, ., ãä C% 3“ë%", ì C!%,ƒ"%ä“2"= (!=K%2/) …"%ƒ-
ì%›…% ,ë, .*%…%ì,÷“*, …öë“%%K!=ƒ…% “%Këþä…, 3“2=…%"ë……%L äë
ä=……%L *=2ã%!,, !=K%2…,*%" ›ä…"…%L ,ë, ›…äëü…%L C!%ä%ë›,-
2ëü…%“2, !=K%÷ã% "!ì…,, C!,ì… 2“ “3ìì,!%"=……/L 3÷2 !=K%÷ã%
"!ì…,. o!%ä%ë›,2ëü…%“2ü 3÷2…%ã% C!,%ä= 3“2=…="ë,"=2“ …=…,ì=-
2ëì , … ì%›2 C!"/ø=2ü %ä…%ã% *=ë…ä=!…%ã% ã%ä=. r÷2…/L C!,%ä
ì%›2 %C!äë 2ü“ *=ë…ä=!…/ì, C!,%ä=ì, (ì“ ö, *"=!2=ë), ,…/ì,
C!,%ä=ì,.
q3ìì,!%"=……/L 3÷2 !=K%÷ã% "!ì…, ""%ä,2“ …=…,ì=2ëì C%
“%ãë=“%"=…,þ “ C!%-“%þƒ%ì.
9.>q"!.3!%÷…%L “÷,2=2“ !=K%2=, "/C%ë………= !=K%2…,*%ì C%
C!äë%›…,þ, !=“C%! ›…,þ ,ë, “ "ä%ì= …=…,ì=2ë “"!. 3“2=…%"-
ë……%L äë …ã% C!%ä%ë›,2ëü…%“2, !=K%÷ã% "!ì…,, C!ä3“ì%2!……%L
C!=",ë=ì, "…32!……ã% 2!3ä%"%ã% !=“C%! ä*= , (,ë,) ã!=-,*%ì “ì……%-
“2,. o!,"ë÷…, * “"!.3!%÷…/ì !=K%2=ì ä%C3“*=2“ 2%ëü*% “ “%ãë=-
“, !=K%2…,*=, ƒ= ,“*ëþ÷…,ì “ëä3þ?,. “ë3÷=":
C!, C!%,ƒ"%ä“2" !=K%2 äë C!ä%2"!=?…, *=2=“2!%-/, C!%,ƒ"%ä-
“2"……%L ="=!,,, …ìäë……%ã% 3“2!=……, ,. C%“ëä“2",L ,ë, C%“ëä-
“2",L “2,.,L…%ã% Kä“2", , C!ä%2"!=?…, …“÷=“2…/. “ë3÷=";
558
C!, C!%,ƒ"%ä“2" …%K.%ä,ì/. !=K%2 C% 3“2!=……,þ “ë3÷=L…/. ,ë,
…%›,ä=……/. %K“2% 2ëü“2", *%2%!/ ì%ã32 …=!3ø,2ü ,ë, …=!3ø,ë,
…%!ì=ëü…% -3…*ö,%…,!%"=…, %!ã=…,ƒ=ö,L, %“3?“2"ë þ?,. ä 2ëü-
…%“2ü " %Kë=“2, “" ƒ, , ,. C%ä!=ƒäë…,L.
10.>q"!.3!%÷…/ !=K%2/ … ä%ë›…/ C!"/ø=2ü äë *=›ä%ã% !=-
K%2…,*= ÷2/!. ÷=“%" " 2÷…, ä"3. ä…L C%ä! ä , 120 ÷=“%" " ã%ä.
b C!äëü…% *%ë,÷“2"% … "*ëþ÷=þ2“ “"!.3!%÷…/ !=K%2/, "/-
C%ë………/ " “ë3÷= ., C!ä3“ì%2!……/. C3…*2%ì 9 …=“2% ?ã% o%ë%›-
…, .
nCë=2= ƒ= “"!.3!%÷…3þ !=K%23 C!%,ƒ"%ä,2“ " “%%2"2“2",, “% “2=-
2üL 69 j%ä*“=.
11.>nC!äë…, *%ë,÷“2"= “"!.3!%÷…/. ÷=“%" !=K%2/ !=K%2…,*%",
…=.%ä ?,.“ …= “3ìì,!%"=……%ì 3÷2 !=K%÷ã% "!ì…,, %“3?“2"ë 2-
“ C% 2=Kë ì 3÷2= !=K%÷ã% "!ì…, *=* !=ƒ…,ö= ì›ä3 -=*2,÷“*,
%2!=K%2=……/ì "!ì…ì ƒ= 3÷2…/L C!,%ä , "!ì…ì C% …%!ì ƒ= ä=…-
…/L C!,%ä.
12.>p›,ì !=K%÷ã% "!ì…, C!, “ì……%L !=K%2, = 2=*› C!, !=ƒ-
äë…,, !=K%÷ã% ä… …= %2äëü…/ ÷=“2, (C3…*2 7 …=“2% ?ã% o%ë%›-
…, ) %C!äë 2“ C!=",ë=ì, "…32!……ã% 2!3ä%"%ã% !=“C%! ä*= , (,ë,)
ã!=-,*%ì !=K%2 (“ì……%“2,). c!=-,* !=K%2 (“ì……%“2,) 32"!›ä=2“
…=…,ì=2ëì C% “%ãë=“%"=…,þ “ C!%-“%þƒ%ì , ä%"%ä,2“ ä% "ä%ì= !=-
K%2…,*%" … C%ƒä… %ä…%ã% ì“ ö= ä% ""ä…, ã% " äL“2",.
b ,“*ëþ÷,2ëü…/. “ë3÷= ., "/ƒ/"=ì/. C!%,ƒ"%ä“2"……%L …%K-
.%ä,ì%“2üþ, ä%C3“*=2“ ,ƒì……, ã!=-,*%" !=K%2 " 2÷…, ì“ ö= C%
“%ãë=“%"=…,þ “ C!%-“%þƒ%ì.
13.>b“ì !=K%2…,*=ì %!ã=…,ƒ=ö,L, %“3?“2"ë þ?,. ä 2ëü…%“2ü
" %Kë=“2, “" ƒ, C!ä%“2="ë þ2“ "/.%ä…/ ä…, (›…äëü…/L …C!-
!/"…/L %2ä/.). b %!ã=…,ƒ=ö, ., %“3?“2"ë þ?,. ä 2ëü…%“2ü " %Kë=-
“2, “" ƒ,, %K“C÷,"=þ?,. C%“2% ……% …C!!/"…% %K“ë3›,"=…, …=“-
ë…, , %!ã=…,ƒ=ö,L, "/.%ä…/ ä…, C!ä%“2="ë þ2“ " !=ƒë,÷…/ ä…,
*=ë…ä=!…%L …äë, C%%÷!ä…% *=›ä%L ã!3CC !=K%2…,*%" “%ãë=“…% ã!=-
-,*3 !=K%2 (“ì……%“2,). b/.%ä…/ ä…, C!ä%“2="ë þ2“ … C%ƒä… ÷ì
ƒ= ø“2ü !=K%÷,. ä…L C%ä! ä.
14.>o!%ä%ë›,2ëü…%“2ü ›…äëü…%ã% …C!!/"…%ã% %2ä/.= ,“÷,“-
ë 2“ “%ãë=“…% C!=",ë=ì "…32!……ã% 2!3ä%"%ã% !=“C%! ä*= , (,ë,) ã!=-
-,*3 !=K%2 (“ì……%“2,) “ ì%ì…2= %*%…÷=…, !=K%÷ã% ä… (“ì…/) …=*=-
…3… "/.%ä…%ã% ä… ("/.%ä…/. ä…L) , ä% ì%ì…2= ã% …=÷=ë= " C!"/L
C%“ë "/.%ä…%ã% ä… ("/.%ä…/. ä…L) !=K%÷,L ä…ü , ä%ë›…= “%“2="-
ë 2ü … ì… 42 ÷=“%".
dë !=K%2…,*%" “ “3ìì,!%"=……/ì 3÷2%ì !=K%÷ã% "!ì…, C!%ä%ë-
›,2ëü…%“2ü ›…äëü…%ã% %2ä/.= ì%›2 K/2ü K%ë 42 ÷=“%" , ì%›2
K/2ü “%*!=?…= ä% 12 ÷=“%". m% " “!ä…ì ƒ= 3÷2…/L C!,%ä C!%ä%ë›,-
2ëü…%“2ü ›…äëü…%ã% %2ä/.= ä%ë›…= K/2ü … ì… 42 ÷=“%".
15.>e“ë, "/.%ä…%L ä…ü C% C!=",ë=ì "…32!……ã% 2!3ä%"%ã% !=“C%-
! ä*= , (,ë,) ã!=-,*3 !=K%2 (“ì……%“2,) “%"C=ä=2 “ ã%“3ä=!“2"……/ì
,ë, C!=ƒä…,÷…/ì ä…ì, "/.%ä…%L ä…ü … C!…%“,2“ , ä!3ã%L ä…ü
%2ä/.= … C!ä%“2="ë 2“ .
559
16.>m=…,ì=2ëü "C!=" C!,"ë*=2ü !=K%2…,*= * !=K%2 " "/.%ä…%L
ä…ü, 3“2=…%"ë……/L C!=",ë=ì, "…32!……ã% 2!3ä%"%ã% !=“C%! ä*= , (,ë,)
ã!=-,*%ì !=K%2 (“ì……%“2,), Kƒ “%ãë=“, !=K%2…,*= 2%ëü*% " “ëä3þ-
?,. ,“*ëþ÷,2ëü…/. “ë3÷= . äë :
C!%,ƒ"%ä“2"= !=K%2 äë C!ä%2"!=?…, *=2=“2!%-/, C!%,ƒ"%ä“2"…-
…%L ="=!,,, …ìäë……%ã% 3“2!=……, ,. C%“ëä“2",L ,ë, C%“ëä“2",L
“2,.,L…%ã% Kä“2", , C!ä%2"!=?…, …“÷=“2…/. “ë3÷=";
C!%,ƒ"%ä“2"= …%K.%ä,ì/. !=K%2 C% 3“2!=……,þ “ë3÷=L…/. ,ë, …%-
›,ä=……/. %K“2% 2ëü“2", *%2%!/ ì%ã32 …=!3ø,2ü ,ë, …=!3ø,ë, …%!-
ì=ëü…% -3…*ö,%…,!%"=…, %!ã=…,ƒ=ö,L, %“3?“2"ë þ?,. ä 2ëü…%“2ü
" %Kë=“2, “" ƒ, , ,. C%ä!=ƒäë…,L.
17.>d%C3“*=2“ ,“C%ëüƒ%"=…, äë !=K%2/ … K%ë 12 "/.%ä…/.
ä…L " ã%ä *=›ä%ã% !=K%2…,*=.
b C!äëü…% *%ë,÷“2"% "/.%ä…/. ä…L … "*ëþ÷=þ2“ "/.%ä…/
ä…,, " *%2%!/ !=K%2…,* C!,"ë*=ë“ * !=K%2 " “%%2"2“2",, “ C3…*2%ì
16 …=“2% ?ã% o%ë%›…, .
18.>o!,"ë÷…, !=K%2…,*= * !=K%2 " "/.%ä…%L ä…ü %-%!ìë 2“
C!,*=ƒ%ì (!=“C%! ›…,ì) …=…,ì=2ë “ “%Këþä…,ì ã=!=…2,L, C!-
ä3“ì%2!……/. “2=2ü ì, 263, 276 , 287 j%ä*“=.
19.>p=K%2= … C!%,ƒ"%ä,2“ " ã%“3ä=!“2"……/ C!=ƒä…,*, , C!=ƒä-
…,÷…/ ä…,, 3“2=…%"ë……/ , %KA "ë……/ o!ƒ,ä…2%ì p“C3Kë,*,
aë=!3“ü …!=K%÷,ì,.
b ã%“3ä=!“2"……/ C!=ƒä…,*, , C!=ƒä…,÷…/ ä…, ä%C3“*=2“ !=K%-
2= " %!ã=…,ƒ=ö, ., %“3?“2"ë þ?,. ä 2ëü…%“2ü " %Kë=“2, “" ƒ, , ,.
C%ä!=ƒäë…, ., %K“C÷,"=þ?,. C%“2% ……% …C!!/"…% %K“ë3›,"=…,
…=“ë…, , %!ã=…,ƒ=ö,L, = 2=*› C!, "/C%ë……,, …%2ë%›…/. !ì%…2-
…/. , C%ã!3ƒ%÷…%-!=ƒã!3ƒ%÷…/. !=K%2. p=K%2= "/C%ë… 2“ " “%%2"2-
“2",, “ 32"!›ä……/ì ã!=-,*%ì !=K%2 (“ì……%“2,). b/C%ë……, !ì%…-
2…/. , C%ã!3ƒ%÷…%-!=ƒã!3ƒ%÷…/. !=K%2 ì%›2 C!%,ƒ"%ä,2ü“ 2=*› C%
!=“C%! ›…,þ …=…,ì=2ë , “ë, ,. …ëüƒ K/ë% ƒ=!=… C!ä3“ì%2!2ü.
20.>o!%ä%ë›,2ëü…%“2ü !=K%2/ " !=K%÷,L ä…ü, …C%“!ä“2"……%
C!äø“2"3þ?,L ã%“3ä=!“2"……%ì3 C!=ƒä…,*3 ,ë, C!=ƒä…,÷…%ì3 ä…þ,
“%*!=?=2“ …= %ä,… ÷=“. e“ë, C% 3“ë%", ì C!%,ƒ"%ä“2"= …"%ƒì%›…%
“%*!=?…, C!%ä%ë›,2ëü…%“2, ›ä…"…%L !=K%2/ (“ì…/) " !=K%÷,L
ä…ü, …C%“!ä“2"……% C!äø“2"3þ?,L ã%“3ä=!“2"……%ì3 C!=ƒä…,*3 ,ë,
C!=ƒä…,÷…%ì3 ä…þ, C!!=K%2*= *%ìC…“,!32“ C% “%ãë=ø…,þ “2%!%…
C!ä%“2="ë…,ì ä%C%ë…,2ëü…%ã% ä… %2ä/.=, %Cë=÷,"=ì%ã% " %ä,…=!-
…%ì !=ƒì!, C% ì! …=*%Cë…, .2,. ÷=“%" ,ë, C%"/ø……%L ,. %Cë=-
2%L " !=ƒì!, 3“2=…%"ë……%ì äë %Cë=2/ “"!.3!%÷…%L !=K%2/.
21.>o!%ä%ë›,2ëü…%“2ü ›ä…"…%L !=K%2/ (“ì…/) %C!äë 2“
C!=",ë=ì, "…32!……ã% 2!3ä%"%ã% !=“C%! ä*= ,ë, ã!=-,*%ì !=K%2 (“ì…-
…%“2,) “ “%Këþä…,ì …%!ì/ C!%ä%ë›,2ëü…%“2, !=K%÷ã% "!ì…,, 3“2=-
…%"ë……%L …=…,ì=2ëì " “%%2"2“2",, “% “2=2ü ì, 112$115 j%ä*“=.
}*“Cä,2%!=ì “Cö,=ëü…%L “" ƒ, , -ëüäAã! ì C% “Cö,=ëü…/ì
C%!3÷…, ì !“C3Kë,*=…“*%ã% 3…,2=!…%ã% C!äC!, 2, C%÷2%"%L “" ƒ,
&aëC%÷2=[, %“3?“2"ë þ?,ì C!,ì , %K!=K%2*3 %2C!="ë…,L “Cö,=ëü-
…%L “" ƒ, "“. *=2ã%!,L “*!2…%“2,, ä%“2="*3 "“. ",ä%" %2C!="ë…,L
“Cö,=ëü…%L “" ƒ,, C%“/ë%* %“%K%L "=›…%“2,, “%"!ø……% “*!2…/. ,