Tsch?tsch H., Koth A. Metal Forming Practise: Processes - Machines - Tools
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Bibliography
1 Books
1.1 Fundamental principles
1 W. Dahl, R. Kopp, O. Pawelski, Umformtechnik, Plastomechanik und Werkstoffkunde, Verlag Stahle-
isen GmbH, Düsseldorf (1993)
2 Bergmann, Werkstofftechnik Teil 1 und 2, Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich/Vienna (2000)
3 Lange, Lehrbuch der Umformtechnik, Volume 1: Grundlagen, Volume 4: Sonderverfahren, Prozess-
simulation, Werkzeugtechnik, Produktion, Springer Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg (1993)
1.2 Bulk forming
4 Lange, Lehrbuch der Umformtechnik, Grundlagen, Springer Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg (2002)
5 Spur, Stöferle, Handbuch der Fertigungstechnik, Volumes 2/1 and 2/2: Umformen, Carl Hanser
Verlag, Munich/Vienna (1985)
6 W. König, Fertigungsverfahren, Volume 4: Massivumformung, VDI-Verlag, Düsseldorf (1996)
7 Schal, Fertigungstechnik 2, Massivumformen und Stanzen, Verlag Handwerk und Technik, Hamburg
(1995)
8 Kleiner, Schilling, Prozesssimulation in der Umformtechnik, Teubner Verlag, Stuttgart (1994)
9 Pöhlandt, Werkstoffe und Werkstoffprüfung für die Kalt-Massivumformung, Expert-Verlag, Essen
(1994)
10 L Budde, R. Pilgrim, Stanznieten und Durchsetzfügen, Die Bibliothek der Technik, Vol. 115, Verlag
moderne industrie, Landsberg (1995)
11 Wojahn and Breitkopf, Übungsbuch Fertigungstechnik – Urformen, Umformen. Vieweg Verlag,
Braunschweig/Wiesbaden (1996)
12 N. Becker, Weiterentwicklung von Verfahren zur Aufnahme von Fließkurven im Bereich hoher Um-
formgrade, Springer Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg (1994)
13 G. Du, Ein wissensbasiertes System zur Stadienplanermittlung beim Kaltmassivumformen, Springer
Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg (1991)
1.3 Sheet metal forming
14 Lange, Lehrbuch der Umformformtechnik, Volume 3: Blechbearbeitung, Springer Verlag, Ber-
lin/Heidelberg (1990)
15 G. Spur, T. Stöferle, Handbuch der Fertigungstechnik, Volume 2/3: Umformen – Zerteilen, Carl
Hanser Verlag, Munich/Vienna (1985)
16 W. König, Fertigungsverfahren, Volume 5: Blechumformung, VDI-Verlag, Düsseldorf (1990)
17 Hellwig, Semlinger, Spanlose Fertigung – Stanzen, Vieweg Verlag, Braunschweig/Wiesbaden (2001)
18 Oehler, Kaiser, Schnitt-, Stanz- und Ziehwerkzeuge, Springer Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg (1993)
19 Oehler, Panknin, Schneid- und Stanzwerkzeuge, Springer Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg (1995)
20 Schilling, Finite-Elemente-Analyse des Biegeumformens von Blech, Verlag Stahleisen, Düsseldorf
(1992)
21 A.H. Fritz, G. Schulze, Fertigungstechnik, Springer Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg (2001)
402 Bibliography
1.4 Metal forming machines
22 Wagner, Pahl, Mechanische und Hydraulische Pressen, VDI-Verlag, Düsseldorf (1992)
23 Schuler GmbH, Göppingen, Handbuch der Umformtechnik, Springer Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg
(2003)
24 M. Weck, Werkzeugmaschinen Volumes 1-5, Maschinenarten, Konstruktion und Berechnung,
Automatisierung and Steuerungstechnik. Springer Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg (2001)
25 H. Tschätsch, Werkzeugmaschinen in der spanlosen und spangebenden Formgebung, Carl Hanser
Verlag, Munich (2003)
1.5 Scientific publications
U. Helfritzsch, Verfahren und Maschinen für das Walzen von Verzahnungen, research report for the
Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology, Chemnitz, Jan. 2001
T. Nakagawa, K. Nakamura, H. Amino, Various Applications of Hydraulic Counter-Pressure Deep-
Drawing, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, vol. 71, pp 160, 1997
J. Dietrich et al. Vergleichende Untersuchung zur schnellen Fertigung von Umformwerkzeugen für Proto-
typen (Rapid-Die-Making RDM), 6. Sächsische Fachtagung Umformtechnik, Tagungsband pp 288-303
(1999)
M. Schmiedchen, Tür kreativ (Außenhochdruckumformung im Karosseriebau), dissertation, Dresden
University of Applied Sciences, Germany (2000)
R. Neugebauer, R. Mauermann, S. Dietrich, Spot-Joining – New technologies in the field of joining by
forming, 7
th
International Conference on Technology of Plasticity, Vol. 2, Yokohama, Oct. 27
th
-Nov. 1
st
2002
R. Mauermann, S. Dietrich, Entwicklungsfortschritte beim matrizenlosen Clinchen und Nietclinchen, 2.
Europäische Automobilkonferenz „Fügen im Automobilleichtbau“, Bad Nauheim, 8/9 April 2003
R. Neugebauer, M. Putz, Hydroforming in Prozessketten für Karosseriekomponenten, 3. Chemnitzer
Karosseriekolloquium, Chemnitz 25/26.9.2002, Tagungsband (ISBN: 3-928921-80-0)
R. Neugebauer, H. Bräunlich, Erhöhung der Produktionsstabilität durch Prozessregelung beim Tiefzie-
hen, EFB-Kolloquium “Prozessoptimierung in der Blechumformung”, Fellbach 13/14.3.2001, EFB con-
ference proceedings T21
L. Klose, H. Bräunlich, Erweiterung der umformtechnischen Grenzen durch vibrationsüberlagerten Tie-
fziehprozess, Studiengesellschaft Stahlanwendung e.V., Dokumentation Forschung für die Praxis P383
L. Klose, V. Kräusel, P. Kügler, Innovationen auf dem Gebiet der Umform- und Schneidwerkzeuge, “Der
Schnitt- und Stanz Werkzeugbau”, 5/2001
R. Neugebauer, S. Pannasch, B. Lorenz, Optimierung von Verfahren und Anlagen für eine durchgängige
Prozesskette beim Schmieden, 4. Sächsische Fachtagung Umformtechnik organised by the Fraunhofer
Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology, Chemnitz, 5/6.11.1997, conference proceedings
R. Mauermann, Umformendes Fügen (see Chapter 20). Extract from the 2003 research report by the
Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology, Chemnitz
U. Klemens, O. Hahn, Nietsysteme: Verbindungen mit Zukunft, joint editors: Interessengemeinschaft
Umformtechnisches Fügen and Laboratorium für Werkstoff- und Fügetechnik, Paderborn University
O. Hahn, U. Klemens, Fügen durch Umformen. Nieten und Durchsetzfügen – Innovative Verbindungsver-
fahren für die Praxis. Studiengesellschaft Stahlanwendung e.V., Dokumentation 707, Düsseldorf, Verlag
und Vertriebsgesellschaft Stahlanwendung mbH 1996, ISBN 3-930621-56-8
bedingungen, Teil 2
Index
A
Air bending 194
Automatic tool change
systems 362
B
Bend radius 196
Bending brakes 207
Bending machines 205
Bending machines, three-
roller 209
Bibliography 403
Blank holder area 155
Blank holder force 156
Blank size, determining
during bending 198
Blank size, determining
during deep drawing
í axisymmetric parts 143
í rectangular parts 148
Blanking 218
Blanking, fine 241
Bolt, production of a 44
Break clearance 225
Bulk forming 15
C
Centroid of a line 222
Characteristic triangles 142
Classification, shape 49
Clinching 250
Clutches for presses 302
Clutches, press
í non-positive friction
clutches 302
í positive driver clutches
302
Coining 86
Cold hubbing 77
Cold hubbing presses 83
Continuous work capacity
310
Conveyor, vibrating 348
Counterblow hammers 271
Crank presses 295
Crank presses, press force of
305
D
Deep drawing 14
Deep drawing 141
í sheet hydroforming 174
í tube hydroforming 179
Deep drawing steps
í axisymmetric parts 152
í rectangular drawn parts
153
Deep drawing transfer
presses 325
Deep drawing, stress distri-
bution during 143
Defects during processing
í bending 204
í cold hubbing 83
í deep drawing 167
í extrusion 44
í impression-die forging
136
í upset forging 27
Deformability 11
Deformation resistance 10
Deformation, degree of 11
í cold hubbing 78
í extrusion 113
í extrusion 35
í impression-die forging
129
í ironing 91
í tube drawing 107
í upset forging 20
í wire drawing 96
Degree of deformation 11
Die bending 199
Die edge curvature 159
Die, forging 134
Double-acting hammer
267
Draw ratio 158
Drawing clearance 15
Drawing presses 321
Drawing ring dimensions
152
Drawing without a blank
holder 185
Drives
í eccentric and crank
presses 300
í hydraulic presses 318
í knuckle-joint and toggle
presses 313
í screw presses 275
Drop hammers 266
E
Eccentric presses
í gap-frame 295
í open-back 297
í straight-side 297
Edge cutter 234
Elastic deformation 7
Embossing 212
Embossing 86, 212
Example calculations
í bending 204
í blanking 238
í cold hubbing 84
í deep drawing 16
í embossing 89, 217
í extrusion 121
í extrusion 44
í impression-die forging
137
í ironing 93
í thread rolling 63
í tube drawing 108
í upset forging 27
í wire drawing 103
Exercises
í bending 211
í cold hubbing 85
í deep drawing 161
í embossing 90, 217
í extrusion 122
í extrusion 55
í impression-die forging
139
í ironing 94
í surface treatment 17
í terms and parameters 14
í thread rolling 68
404 Index
í tube drawing 108
í upset forging 32
í wire drawing 104
Extrusion 109
Extrusion 33
Extrusion 33
Extrusion presses 120
F
Feed devices 345
Feed system, gripper 346
Feed system, roll 345
Feed system, workpiece
345
Fine blanking 241
Fine blanking press, auto-
matic 245
Flexible manufacturing
systems 351
Flow stress 8
Flow stress curves 9, 368
Folded profiles 208
Force calculation
í bending 199
í blanking 220
í cold hubbing 78
í deep drawing 154
í deep drawing without a
blank holder 173
í embossing 87, 215
í extrusion 114
í extrusion 36
í impression-die forging
129
í ironing 93
í tube drawing 107
í upset forging 23
í wire drawing 97
Forging die, processes in the
126
Frame deflection (press
columns) 300
G
Gear rolling 69
Gear rolling 69
Gripper feed system 346
Gripper systems 345
Grippers 346
H
Hammer, counterblow 271
Hammer, double-acting 267
Hammer drives
í air 269
í hydraulic 268
Hammer frames 269
Hammer guides 267
Hydraulic presses 318
Hydroforming, sheet 174
Hydroforming, tube 179
Hydromechanical deep
drawing 172
I
Impression-die forging 123
í from billets 124
í from cropped blanks 124
í from rods 124
Indirect extrusion 35
Industrial robot 349
Ironing 91
J
Joining 249
Joining by forming 249
K
Knuckle-joint and toggle
presses 313
Knuckle-joint presses 313
L
Line centroid 222
M
Metal forming process,
types of 5
P
Peak efficiency point 309
Percussion presses, deep
drawing 322
Permissible deformation
í deep drawing 150
í extrusion 36, 114
í ironing 93
í tube drawing 107
í upset forging 20
í wire drawing 96
Pilot pin 233
Plastic deformation 7
Press brakes 206
Press, types of 262
Presses, hydraulic 318
í extrusion presses 323
í
drawing presses 321
Production process, types of
5
Punch displacement 309
Punch holder 237
Punch riveting 254
Punching presses, automatic
339
R
Ram guides 267
Resistance to flow 10
Reverse drawing 160
Reverse redrawing assembly
160
Robot, industrial 349
Roll bending 209
Rotary indexing tables 348
S
Safety devices for press
303
Screw presses
í with cylinder friction disc
gearing 276
í with direct electric drive
281
í with hydraulic drive 278
Sequence of operations
diagram 43
Shape classification 49
Sheared surface 220
Shearing 218
Shearing member 303
Shears
í circular and curve shears
239
í plate shears 239
í strip shears 239
Sheet metal forming 16
Special-purpose presses
í punching presses, auto-
matic 339
í transfer presses for deep
drawing 325
í transfer presses for bulk
forming 331
Spinning 186
Starting stock
í bending 199
í ironing 91
í wire drawing 91
Strain rate 13
Index 405
Stress distribution during
deep drawing 143
Strip guide 235
Stroke adjustment 305
Surface treatment 1
í cold bulk forming 15
í hot forming 17
í sheet metal forming 16
T
Tables 367
Terms and parameters of
metal forming 7
Thread rolling 56
í with cylindrical dies 57
íí combined infeed-
through-feed method
57
íí infeed method 57
íí through-feed method
57
í with flat dies 56
í with segments 56
Thread rolling machines
í with cylindrical dies 65
í with flat dies 64
Toggle presses 313
Tolerances 166
í blanking 228
í cold hubbing 82
í deep drawing 166
í extrusion 42
í impression-die forging
137
í upset forging 26
Tooling
í bending 203
í blanking 229
í cold hubbing 81
í deep drawing 160
í embossing 88, 216
í extrusion 113
í extrusion 38
í impression-die forging
134
í ironing 91
í thread rolling 61
í tube drawing 107
í upset forging 24
í wire drawing 100
Tooling materials
í bending 204
í blanking 236
í cold hubbing 82
í deep drawing 165
í embossing 89, 217
í extrusion 119
í extrusion 39
í impression-die forging
133
í thread rolling 62
í tube drawing 107
í
upset forging 24
í wire drawing 100
Transfer presses 331
Transport devices
í for deep drawing transfer
presses 346
í for transfer presses for
bulk forming 347
Triangles, characteristic
142
Tube drawing 105
Types of metal forming
process 5
Types of press 262
U
U-bending 200
Upset forging 18
Upsetting ratio 20
V
V-bending 199
Volume, constancy of 12
W
Web and rim widths 227
Wire drawing 95
Wire drawing machines 99
Work capacity of presses
í crank presses 310
í hammers 266
í screw presses 287
Work, required
í bending 201
í blanking 220
í deep drawing 156
í embossing 88
í extrusion 116
í extrusion 37
í impression-die forging
127
í ironing 93
í upset forging 23