Тимо-Абитуриент. Английский язык № 3(3)/2010 ноябрь

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ʋ 3(3)/2010

Курс підготовки до ДПА і ЗНО-2011

PROBLEM DOCTOR

I’ve got a runny nose.

I’ve got a heart attack.

I’ve got a headache.

I’ve got a terrible cough.

I’ve got a toothache.

I’ve got a fever.

I’ve got a sore throat.

I’ve got a stomach ache.

I’ve got indigestion.

I’ve got a sore eye.

I’ve got a sore ﬁ nger.

I must be operated on for appendicitis.

ear specialist

dietician

optician

surgeon

dentist

internist

3. MEDICINES

Exercise 4. Match the problems below with common medicines.

1. You can’t sleep. A antibiotics

2. You have a dry cough. B painkillers

3. You have a chest infection. C eye drops

4. You have a very bad backache. D cough mixture

5. You have an eye infection. E sleeping pills

Запам’ятай!

Americans talk about drugs instead of tablets or pills. In Britain drugs usually mean heroin, cocaine

etc. In the United States a chemist's is called a drugstore.

Exercise 5. Act out dialogues between a doctor and a patient. Use the information from the table

below.

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Курс підготовки до ДПА і ЗНО-2011

COMMON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

Disease Symptoms How To Be Treated

Common cold

— sore throat

— runny nose

— cough, headache

— sneezing

— red eyes

— get lots of bed rest

— eat good food

— drink lots of liquids

— take medicine for pain

— if sick more than three days, see a doctor

Sore throat

— throat hurts

— often with fever

— see a doctor, drink lots of liquids

— take medicine for pain

Pneumonia

— lungs hurt

— noise in the lungs

— hurts to breathe

— cough

— see a doctor, get lots of bed rest

— take antibiotics

— drink lots of liquids

— take medicine for pain

Flu

— fever, throat hurts

— pain in muscles

— headache

— get lots of bed rest

— eat good food, drink lots of liquids

— take medicine for pain

Tuberculosis

— coughing

— coughing up blood

— lose weight quickly

— feel very tired

— sweat at night

— see a doctor immediately

— follow the doctor’s orders

— take antibiotics

— eat good food

— get lots of bed rest

4. A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE

Exercise 6. A. Match the verbs in A with the nouns in B.

1 join

2 lose

3 put on

4 go on

5 resist

A weight

B a gym

C a diet

D a few kilos

E chocolates

F a health club

G anything sweet

B. Use four of the verbs above to ﬁ ll the gaps in the dialogue below.

Ⱥ: I don’t know what to do. I seem to (1) __________ weight so easily. Every time I weigh myself, I’m

a kilo heavier!

ȼ: Well, you do eat a lot of fatty food — perhaps you should (2) __________ it.

Ⱥ: Oh, I don’t know. I ﬁ nd it very difﬁ cult to stick to a diet.

ȼ: At least you should try to cut down on all those burgers you eat. Perhaps you could (3) __________

a gym or a health club.

Exercise 7. Put the phrases into the correct list below.

My Mum’s in really good shape. She goes to the gym twice a week and plays tennis on Sunday. My dad,

on the other hand, is really unﬁ t. He spends all day in front of the TV — he gets out of breath if he has to get

up to answer the phone! My sister’s a swimming instructor. As you can imagine, she’s as ﬁ t as a ﬁ ddle, but

my brother, who used to play rugby every weekend, has let himself get really out of condition — he must have

put on twenty kilos in the last two years. Finally, there’s my grand dad. He’s nearly eighty but he’s got loads

of energy. He plays golf three times a week and jogs round the park.

ﬁ t and healthy not ﬁ t

_________________________ _________________________

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ʋ 3(3)/2010

Курс підготовки до ДПА і ЗНО-2011

Exercise 8. Match these lifestyle problems with the pieces of advice below.

THE PROBLEMS

1 My hair always feels lifeless and oily. If I wash it in the morning, I need to wash it again when

I come home from work. And I can't seem to get rid of the spots on my face.

2 If I buy a new pair of trousers, they don't ﬁ t me after a couple of months. So now I buy all my

trousers one size too big. That way they last twice as long.

3 I get really breathless if I have to go upstairs nowadays. I used to be able to run up the stairs. Now

I have to stop halfway up and have a rest.

4 When I come home from work, the ﬁ rst thing I do every evening is pour myself a large gin and

tonic. It's the only way I can relax.

THE ADVICE

A You are simply eating too much. If you are putting weight on so quickly, you must simply eat less and

eat more healthily. Try cutting out all sugar and butter immediately, then start cutting out other things,

like cream. Change to semi-skimmed milk.

B You’re smoking too much. At the moment you are breathless. What will you do when the doctor tells

you it’s cancer?

C Look carefully at your diet. Are you eating too many oily foods, like chips or potato crisps?

D You’d better play squash or tennis after work. That would help you relax far better. You need less stress

in your life.

Exercise 9. Debate the picture in pairs.

I’ve got a headache, my wrist hurts, I’ve got a pain in my knee, I’ve got an ache in my back, my shoulder

aches, my feet hurt, I’ve got a pain in my chest, my arm hurts and I’ve got a stomach ache.

Exercise 10. Discuss with a partner.

1. Why do people want to look like fashion models?

2. Why are so many people overweight?

3. What are the reasons for the growing weight problem?

4. How can people avoid health problems?

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Курс підготовки до ДПА і ЗНО-2011

5. What does the doctor do when he comes to examine you?

6. What are the symptoms of the ﬂ u (measles, appendicitis, heart attack)?

7. Describe your last visit to the doctor.

8. Make a list of bad habits that you or someone in your family has.

9. Make a list of your lifestyle changes in the past few years. Compare your list with your partner’s list.

10. How would you like to change your lifestyle?

Exercise 11. Take the ﬁ tness test below to see if you are getting enough exercise. How did you score?

Discuss the result with your partner.

YOUR FITNESS LEVEL

1. In an average day, I climb __________ ﬂ ights of stairs

A 1 to 5 1 point

B 6 to 10 2 points

C more than 10 4 points

2. I lift, carry, or shovel something __________ hours a day

A 1 3 points

B 2 5 points

C 3 7 points

D 4 9 points

E 5 or more 12 points

3. I have a desk job but leave my desk more than six times an hour

1 point

4. I do housework or gardening about __________ hours a week

1 point for each hour

5. My job requires me to be on my feet and move __________ hours a day

A 1 2 points

B 2 3 points

C 3 4 points

D 4 or more 6 points

6. My job requires that I stand for __________ hours a day

A less than 4 0 points

B 4 1 point

C 6 2 points

D 8 3 points

7. I take several short walks or at least one long walk every day

2 points for each mile ________

8. I have a preschool sister /brother/baby who is

A at home with me all day 5 points

B at home with me half the day 3 points

C at home at night 1 point

9. I go in for sports or go dancing __________ hours a week

1 point for each hour

How did you score?

10 or more points Chances are good that you are getting a sufﬁ cient amount of physical activity each day.

5 to 9 points You are in fair shape, but you can do much better!

0 to 4 points You are a couch potato! Try to build more activity in your life.

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ʋ 3(3)/2010

Курс підготовки до ДПА і ЗНО-2011

Exercise 12. When you join any health club, you have to ﬁ ll in an application for membership. Fill out

the membership application for yourself.

AIPO

MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION

5286 Prince Street

Winﬁ eld, New York 11500

swimming pool health food restaurant

tennis courts aerobics classes

exercise room group trips—skiing, mountain

running track climbing, and many more

Name Sex: Male Female

(Circle one)

Date of birth

Address Telephone

Height Weight

Occupation

I. Do you have any health problems? (If yes, explain)______________________________________________

II. Things you like to do: _____________________________________________________________________

1. Things you’d like to learn how to do at the club:___________________________________________

2. Trips you’d like to take with the club: ___________________________________________________

Date

Signature

Exercise 13. Translate into English.

A. 1. ə ɡɜɢɱɚɣɧɚ ɥɸɞɢɧɚ: ɭ ɦɟɧɟ ɽ ɝɨɥɨɜɚ, ɲɢɹ, ɞɜɚ ɨɤɚ, ɞɜɚ ɜɭɯɚ, ɧɿɫ, ɝɭɛɢ, ɞɜɿ ɪɭɤɢ, ɞɜɿ ɧɨɝɢ. 2. Ⱦɟ

ɜ ɬɟɛɟ ɬɚɥɿɹ? 3. ɉɨɤɚɠɢ ɧɚ ɦɚɥɸɧɤɭ ɥɸɞɢɧɢ ɫɩɢɧɭ, ɥɿɤɨɬɶ, ɩɥɟɱɟ, ɝɪɭɞɧɭ ɤɥɿɬɤɭ, ɫɬɟɝɧɨ. 4. ɑɢ ɜ ɉɿɬɟɪɚ

ɦɿɰɧɿ ɦɭɫɤɭɥɢ? 5. ɍ ɦɟɧɟ ɩɨ ɩ’ɹɬɶ ɩɚɥɶɰɿɜ ɧɚ ɪɭɤɚɯ ɬɚ ɩɨ ɩ’ɹɬɶ ɩɚɥɶɰɿɜ ɧɚ ɧɨɝɚɯ. 6. ɍ ɧɟʀ ɞɨɜɝɿ ɧɿɝɬɿ.

7. ə ɡɧɚɸ, ɞɟ ɡɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɶɫɹ ɩɟɱɿɧɤɚ, ɥɟɝɟɧɿ, ɲɥɭɧɨɤ ɬɚ ɧɢɪɤɢ. 8. ɍ ɦɟɧɟ ɫɟɪɰɟ ɲɚɥɟɧɨ ɛ’ɽɬɶɫɹ, ɤɨɥɢ ɹ ɛɚɱɭ

Ⱦɟɛɨɪɭ. 9. Ɍɢ ɦɚɽɲ ɡɧɚɬɢ, ɳɨ ɤɪɨɜ ɩɪɢɧɨɫɢɬɶ ɤɥɿɬɢɧɚɦ ɤɢɫɟɧɶ, ɚ ɩɟɱɿɧɤɚ ɨɱɢɳɭɽ ɤɪɨɜ. 10. ɒɤɿɪɚ ɞɨɩɨ-

ɦɚɝɚɽ ɪɟɝɭɥɸɜɚɬɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɭ ɬɿɥɚ.

ȼ. 1. ɍ ɦɟɧɟ ɞɭɠɟ ɛɨɥɹɬɶ ɝɨɥɨɜɚ ɬɚ ɝɨɪɥɨ, ɚ ɳɟ ɜ ɦɟɧɟ ɫɢɥɶɧɢɣ ɤɚɲɟɥɶ ɿ ɧɟɠɢɬɶ. Ⱦɨɤɬɨɪ ɩɪɨɩɢɫɚɜ

ɚɧɬɢɛɿɨɬɢɤɢ ɬɚ ɦɿɤɫɬɭɪɭ ɜɿɞ ɤɚɲɥɸ. 2. ɍ ɦɟɧɟ ɛɨɥɢɬɶ ɡɭɛ, ɚɥɟ ɹ ɧɟ ɩɿɞɭ ɞɨ ɞɚɧɬɢɫɬɚ. ə ɤɪɚɳɟ ɩɪɢɣɦɭ ɫɧɨ-

ɞɿɣɧɟ. 3. ɍ ɦɨɽʀ ɫɭɫɿɞɤɢ ɫɢɥɶɧɚ ɥɢɯɨɦɚɧɤɚ, ɚ ɜɨɧɚ ɧɟ ɯɨɱɟ ɜɢɤɥɢɤɚɬɢ ɬɟɪɚɩɟɜɬɚ. 4. ɍ ɧɟʀ ɞɭɠɟ ɫɥɶɨɡɹɬɶɫɹ

ɨɱɿ. Ȳɣ ɬɪɟɛɚ ɫɯɨɞɢɬɢ ɞɨ ɨɤɭɥɿɫɬɚ. 5. ɍ Ⱦɠɟɤɚ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɛɨɥɢɬɶ ɠɢɜɿɬ. əɞɭɦɚɸ, ɳɨ

ɜ ɧɶɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɭɲɟɧɧɹ ɬɪɚɜ-

ɥɟɧɧɹ. Ƀɨɦɭ ɬɪɟɛɚ ɩɿɬɢ ɞɨ ɯɿɪɭɪɝɚ ɚɛɨ ɞɿɽɬɨɥɨɝɚ. Ⱥɥɟ ɜɿɧ ɧɟ ɯɨɱɟ ɿ ɥɢɲɟ ɩɪɢɣɦɚɽ ɡɧɟɛɨɥɸɜɚɥɶɧɿ ɬɚɛɥɟɬɤɢ.

ɋ. 1. Ɍɨɛɿ ɬɪɟɛɚ ɡɚɩɢɫɚɬɢɫɹ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɡɚɥ. 2. ə ɧɚɛɪɚɥɚ ɬɪɢ ɤɿɥɨɝɪɚɦɢ, ɦɟɧɿ ɫɥɿɞ ɫɿɫɬɢ ɧɚ ɞɿɽɬɭ. 3. əɤɳɨ

ɯɨɱɟɲ ɫɯɭɞɧɭɬɢ, ɜɿɞɦɨɜɫɹ ɜɿɞ ɲɨɤɨɥɚɞɭ, ɫɨɥɨɞɨɳɿɜ ɿ ɯɥɿɛɚ. 4. Ɇɨɹ ɫɟɫɬɪɚ ɜ ɱɭɞɨɜɿɣ ɮɨɪɦɿ. ɍ ɧɟʀ ɝɚɪɧɟ

ɡɞɨɪɨɜ’ɹ, ɿ ɜɨɧɚ ɜ ɞɨɛɪɨɦɭ ɝɭɦɨɪɿ. ɍ ɧɟʀ ɛɚɝɚɬɨ ɟɧɟɪɝɿʀ. 5. Ⱦɠɟɤ ɧɟ ɜ ɞɨɛɪɿɣ ɮɨɪɦɿ. ȼɿɧ ɩɨɝɥɚɞɲɚɜ, ɣɨɦɭ

ɜɚɠɤɨ ɞɢɯɚɬɢ. Ⱥɥɟ ɜɿɧ ɧɟ ɯɨɱɟ ɜɿɞɦɨɜɥɹɬɢɫɹ ɜɿɞ ɤɚɜɢ ɬɚ ɰɢɝɚɪɨɤ.

Exercise 14. Last weekend you got ill and couldn’t visit your friend. Write a letter to him. Dwell on

the following questions:

• specify the symptoms of your illness

• describe your visit to the doctor

• detail the medical advice the doctor gave

• explain what the doctor recommended you to change in your way of life.

абі турієнт

ȺɇȽɅȱɃɋɖɄȺ ɆɈȼȺ

Курс підготовки до ДПА і ЗНО-2011

Виконайте контрольний тест

ɇɚ ɪɨɡɜ’ɹɡɚɧɧɹ ɣɨɝɨ ɡɚɜɞɚɧɶ ɜɿɞɜɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ 15 ɯɜɢɥɢɧ. ɉɿɞ ɱɚɫ ɪɨɛɨɬɢ ɧɚɞ ɬɟɫɬɨɦ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɤɨɪɢɫɬɭɜɚɬɢɫɹ

ɛɭɞɶ-ɹɤɢɦɢ ɩɿɞɪɭɱɧɢɤɚɦɢ, ɩɨɫɿɛɧɢɤɚɦɢ, ɫɥɨɜɧɢɤɚɦɢ ɬɨɳɨ.

ТЕСТ 2 (КОНТРОЛЬНИЙ)

Read and complete the text below. For each of the empty spaces (1—12) choose the correct answer

(A, B, C or D). Write your answers on answer sheet A.

GESTURES

Some gestures are used by all British and American people. Many are appropriate in informal situations;

others are considered rude. Some people make many gestures when they speak, so they are said to talk with

their (1) __________.

People nod (move their (2) __________ gently up and down) to indicate “yes”. (3) __________ the head

from side to side means “no”. When somebody (4) __________ this gesture with the eyes wide open it indicates

disbelief. If there is a (5) __________ smile then the person is also amused.

Pointing with the (6) _________ (ﬁ rst ﬁ nger) at somebody or something shows which person or thing you

want or are talking about. If you stick your ﬁ ngers in your (7) _________ you cannot stand the noise of something.

People often shake (8) __________ when they are introduced to each other or when they make agreement.

Sometimes people (9) __________ their feet (usually one foot) on the ﬂ oor in time to music, but more often the

gesture shows that they feel impatient.

Raising (10) __________ with the eyes wide open or blinking (closing and opening both eyes very quickly)

expresses surprise, shock or sometimes disapproval. Wrinkling the (11) __________ (moving it up and to one

side) suggests that there is a bad smell.

Some gestures have several meanings, (12) __________ the context.

1 Ⱥ

faces

arms

hands

appearances

2 Ⱥ

forehead

head

skull

face

3 Ⱥ

Putting

Placing

Shrugging

Shaking

4 Ⱥ

makes

fulﬁ ls

acts

produces

5 Ⱥ

small

little

slight

light

6 Ⱥ

thumb

nail

foreﬁ nger

toe

Ⱥ eyes

ears

mouth

nose

8 Ⱥ

ﬁ sts

hands

shoulders

palms

9 Ⱥ

tap

hit

clap

cross

10 Ⱥ

eyeballs

eyelashes

eyebrows

eyelids

11 Ⱥ

tongue

lip

teeth

nose

12 Ⱥ

concentrating on

depending on

dealing with

caring for

Бланк відповідей А

ɍ ɡɚɜɞɚɧɧɹɯ 1—12 ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɭ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɶ ɩɨɡɧɚɱɚɣɬɟ ɬɿɥɶɤɢ ɬɚɤ: x

ABCD ABCD ABCD

159

2610

3711

4812

ɉɟɪɟɜɿɪɬɟ ɫɜɨʀ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɿ ɡɚ ɤɥɸɱɚɦɢ ɞɨ ɬɟɫɬɨɜɢɯ ɿ ɬɪɟɧɭɜɚɥɶɧɢɯ ɡɚɜɞɚɧɶ ɧɚ ɫ. 29.

Ʉɨɠɧɚ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɚ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɶ ɨɰɿɧɸɽɬɶɫɹ ɜ 1 ɛɚɥ. ɋɭɦɭ ɛɚɥɿɜ ɡɚ ɜɢɤɨɧɚɧɧɹ ɬɟɫɬɭ 2 ɡɚɩɢɲɿɬɶ ɭ ɳɨɞɟɧ-

ɧɢɤɭ ɞɥɹ ɫɚɦɨɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɸ, ɪɨɡɦɿɳɟɧɨɦɭ ɜ ɠɭɪɧɚɥɿ ʋ 1(1), 2010.

əɤɳɨ ɩɪɢ ɫɤɥɚɞɚɧɧɿ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɫɬɭ ȼɢ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɥɢ ɩɨɦɢɥɤɢ, ɬɨ ɩɨɜɟɪɧɿɬɶɫɹ ɞɨ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɧɨɝɨ

ɦɚɬɟɪɿɚɥɭ ɡ ɬɟɦɢ ɿ ɜɩɪɚɜ, ɳɨ ȼɢ ɨɩɪɚɰɸɜɚɥɢ, ɬɚ ɡɧɨɜɭ ɜɢɤɨɧɚɣɬɟ ɰɿ ɡɚɜɞɚɧɧɹ.

абі турієнт

ʋ 3(3)/2010

Курс підготовки до ДПА і ЗНО-2011

EXTENDED VOCABULARY

OUR HEALTH

Feeling ill

To get a cold; to have a headache; to get the ﬂ u; to have pain; to have jetlag; to feel run down; to have

a splinter in one's hand; the nose is blocked up; to have diarrhea; to feel dizzy; to have indigestion; running

nose; sore throat; red rush; red spots; stomachache.

Injuries

Blood; scar; bruise; wound; to be unconscious; to be bleeding; to be bruised; to be swollen; to have

a black eye.

At the doctor's

Dietician; optician; physiotherapist; pediatrician; rheumatologist.

Medicines

Sleeping pills; antibiotics; painkillers; eye drops; cough mixture; herbal remedies; massage;

aromatherapy; injection; homeopathy.

A healthy lifestyle

to be in good shape; to be unﬁ t; to get out of breath; to be as ﬁ t as a ﬁ ddle; to have loads of energy.

Watching your weight

To weigh oneself; to stick to a diet; to cut down on burgers; to give up smoking; to avoid stressful

situations.

абі турієнт

ȺɇȽɅȱɃɋɖɄȺ ɆɈȼȺ

Курс підготовки до ДПА і ЗНО-2011

НАВЧАННЯ ІНШОМОВНОГО СПІЛКУВАННЯ

РОЗДІЛ 3. ЧИТАННЯ. ДЕТАЛЬНЕ РОЗУМІННЯ ПРОЧИТАНОГО

(MUL

TIPLE CHOICE)

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• ɡɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɢ ɞɟɬɚɥɶɧɭ ɿɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɿɸ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨ ɞɨ ɡɚɜɞɚɧɧɹ (ɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɧɟɡɧɚɣɨɦɢɯ ɫɥɿɜ ɪɨɡɤɪɢɜɚɽɬɶ-

ɫɹ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɿ ɥɿɧɝɜɿɫɬɢɱɧɨʀ ɬɚ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɭɚɥɶɧɨʀ ɡɞɨɝɚɞɨɤ);

• ɭɫɜɿɞɨɦɥɸɜɚɬɢ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɭ ɬɟɤɫɬɿɜ ɿ ɪɨɡɩɿɡɧɚɜɚɬɢ ɡɜ’ɹɡɤɢ ɦɿɠ ɱɚɫɬɢɧɚɦɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɿɜ;

• ɜɿɞɞɿɥɹɬɢ ɮɚɤɬɢɱɧɭ ɿɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɿɸ ɜɿɞ ɜɪɚɠɟɧɶ.

Перевірте свої знання

ɉɪɨɱɢɬɚɣɬɟ ɬɟɤɫɬ ɬɚ ɜɢɤɨɧɚɣɬɟ ɡɚɜɞɚɧɧɹ ɞɨ ɧɶɨɝɨ. ɉɿɞ ɱɚɫ ɪɨɛɨɬɢ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɤɨɪɢɫɬɭɜɚɬɢɫɹ ɛɭɞɶ-ɹɤɢɦɢ

ɩɿɞɪɭɱɧɢɤɚɦɢ, ɩɨɫɿɛɧɢɤɚɦɢ, ɫɥɨɜɧɢɤɚɦɢ ɬɨɳɨ.

ТЕСТ 1 (ВХІДНИЙ)

Read the text below. For questions (1—6) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D). Write your answer

on the separate answers sheet.

BIGFOOT

From around the world come reports of peculiar animals that most people don’t believe in because they

have never seen them and because no one has ever captured one to show to the public. The most famous exam-

ples are the Loch Ness Monster of Scotland, or Yeti of Asia. Canadians call the latter Sasquatch, in the Paciﬁ c

Northwest it is known as Bigfoot, in Mongolia — as Almas.

Bigfoot is an apelike creature believed by some people to exist in certain areas of the United States and

Canada. Hundreds of people since 1840 have reported sighting such a creature in wooded areas of the Paciﬁ c

Northwest, California, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Illinois, and British Columbia, and one photographer

took a brief movie sequence supposedly showing a Bigfoot in northern California in 1967. Tracks measuring

up to more than 17 inches (43 cm) long and 7 inches (18 cm) wide, and attributed to Bigfoot, have also been

found. However, no specimen has ever been captured or photographed clearly. Bigfoot is generally described

as a primate resembling a man or ape, 6 to 8 feet (1.8-2.4 meters) tall, standing erect on two feet, with massive

shoulders and a body covered with gray, black, or brown hair. It ﬂ ees when approached, and generally makes

no sound. Although most scientists do not recognize its existence, a few believe that it may be the descendant of

an extinct apelike creature, Gigantopithecus, that may have crossed the Bering land bridge from Asia to North

America in prehistoric times.

On October 23 1975, at 7:30 P.Ɇ., the police sergeant answered a call to a house where something had been

heard pounding on the back wall. The woman who lived there had gone next door to her son’s house and there

was no prowler to be found, but something had apparently torn some plastic that covered a back doorway, and

there was a window broken. At 2:20 Ⱥ.M. the same night something was again reported behind the house, and

when the sergeant arrived, along with several other people, his spotlight quickly picked up what looked like

a very large ape standing in the back yard. While someone else held the light on it the sergeant walked to within

35 feet of the animal, which made no attempt to run but crouched down as he got near. There they stayed for

“many minutes,” while the sergeant wondered what to do next. He had a shotgun loaded with buckshot but he

was not sure if the thing was some kind of human, and if it wasn’t, he didn’t know how much buckshot it could

take. He noted afterwards in his report that it was black in color, would stand seven to eight feet tall and appeared

to have no neck. It was covered with short hair, except on the face. He could see no ears. The eyes were small.

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Курс підготовки до ДПА і ЗНО-2011

It appeared to have four teeth larger than the others, two upper and two lower. Its nose was ﬂ at. He could see the

nostrils. At the end there were seven people watching it, although only two others approached close to it. Then

there were noises heard off in the dark at both sides, and the man with the spotlight swung it off to the right and

called that there was “another one over there”. At that point the sergeant decided to return to his patrol car…

1. According to the passage Bigfoot is a creature which ____________.

Ⱥ hasn’t been caught

B lives on all the continents

C hasn’t been taken ɚ picture of

D leads a humanlike way of life.

2. Most scientists believe that ____________.

Ⱥ Bigfoot is a humanlike creature

B Bigfoot is an imaginary creature

C Gigantopithecus is Bigfoot’s prototype

D Bigfoot has survived since prehistoric times.

3. The policeman was called because ____________.

Ⱥ something strange disturbed people

B something was knocking on the wall

C something had damaged a back doorway

D something had broken into a house through the open window.

4. All of the following are true EXCEPT ____________.

Ⱥ The creature did not make any attempt to escape

B The policeman had loaded a shotgun with buckshot

C The policeman had a shotgun loaded with buckshot

D As the policeman approached the creature kneeled down.

5. The creature the sergeant saw had ____________.

Ⱥ no ears

B four teeth

C a hairless face

D a harsh low voice.

6. It is stated in the passage that____________.

Ⱥ Bigfoot lives mainly in the forest

B Bigfoot remains upright in danger

C Bigfoot takes an interest in people’s life

D Bigfoot’s appearance is accompanied by a lot of noise.

Бланк відповідей А

ɍ ɡɚɜɞɚɧɧɹɯ 1—6 ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɭ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɶ ɩɨɡɧɚɱɚɣɬɟ ɬɿɥɶɤɢ ɬɚɤ: x

ABCD ABCD ABCD

135

246

ɉɟɪɟɜɿɪɬɟ ɫɜɨʀ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɿ ɡɚ ɤɥɸɱɚɦɢ ɞɨ ɬɟɫɬɨɜɢɯ ɿ ɬɪɟɧɭɜɚɥɶɧɢɯ ɡɚɜɞɚɧɶ ɧɚ ɫ. 29.

əɤɳɨ ȼɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɜɢɤɨɧɚɥɢ 12 ɡɚɜɞɚɧɶ ɬɟɫɬɭ 1 (ɜɯɿɞɧɨɝɨ), ɬɨ ɜɢɤɨɧɚɣɬɟ ɬɟɫɬ 2 (ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɢɣ).

Ʉɨɠɧɚ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɚ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɶ ɨɰɿɧɸɽɬɶɫɹ ɜ 1 ɛɚɥ. ɋɭɦɭ ɛɚɥɿɜ ɡɚ ɜɢɤɨɧɚɧɧɹ ɬɟɫɬɭ ɡɚɩɢɲɿɬɶ ɭ ɳɨɞɟɧɧɢɤɭ

ɞɥɹ ɫɚɦɨɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɸ, ɪɨɡɦɿɳɟɧɨɦɭ ɜ ɠɭɪɧɚɥɿ ʋ 1(1), 2010.

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РЕКОМЕНДАЦІЇ ТА ТРЕНУВАЛЬНІ ЗАВДАННЯ

Ɂɚɜɞɚɧɧɹ ɧɚ ɞɟɬɚɥɶɧɟ ɪɨɡɭɦɿɧɧɹ ɩɪɨɱɢɬɚɧɨɝɨ ɡ ɜɢɛɨɪɨɦ ɨɞɧɿɽʀ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨʀ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɿ ɦɿɫɬɢɬɶ ɬɟɤɫɬ (ɞɨ

500 ɫɥɿɜ) ɬɚ ɲɿɫɬɶ ɡɚɩɢɬɚɧɶ, ɧɚ ɹɤɿ ɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɨ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɫɬɢ (ɬɜɟɪɞɠɟɧɶ, ɹɤɿ ɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɨ ɡɚɤɿɧɱɢɬɢ). Ⱦɨ ɤɨɠ-

ɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɩɢɬɚɧɧɹ (ɬɜɟɪɞɠɟɧɧɹ) ɩɪɨɩɨɧɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɱɨɬɢɪɢ ɜɚɪɿɚɧɬɢ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɿ, ɿɡ ɹɤɢɯ ɥɢɲɟ ɨɞɢɧ ɽ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɢɦ.

Ɂɚɜɞɚɧɧɹ ɩɟɪɟɜɿɪɹɽ ɩɨɜɧɟ ɪɨɡɭɦɿɧɧɹ ɡɦɿɫɬɭ ɚɜɬɟɧɬɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɤɫɬɭ ɡɿ ɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɹɦ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɧɟɡɧɚ-

ɣɨɦɢɯ ɫɥɿɜ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɿ ɥɿɧɝɜɿɫɬɢɱɧɨʀ ɬɚ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɭɚɥɶɧɨʀ ɡɞɨɝɚɞɨɤ. ɐɹ ɮɨɪɦɚ ɬɟɫɬɨɜɢɯ ɡɚɜɞɚɧɶ ɧɚɥɟɠɢɬɶ

ɞɨ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɿʀ ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɢɯ.

Ɂɚɩɢɬɚɧɧɹ (ɬɜɟɪɞɠɟɧɧɹ) ɞɨ ɬɟɤɫɬɭ ɦɨɠɭɬɶ ɛɭɬɢ ɫɩɪɹɦɨɜɚɧɿ ɧɚ:

• ɡɧɚɯɨɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨʀ ɿɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɿʀ, ɳɨ ɛɚɡɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ ɮɚɤɬɚɯ, ɜɢɤɥɚɞɟɧɢɯ ɭ ɬɟɤɫɬɿ;

• ɡ’ɹɫɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɮɚɤɬɿɜ, ɳɨ ɫɭɩɟɪɟɱɚɬɶ ɿɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɿʀ, ɧɚɞɚɧɿɣ ɭ ɬɟɤɫɬɿ;

• ɮɨɪɦɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɜɢɫɧɨɜɤɿɜ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɿ ɿɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɿʀ ɡ ɬɟɤɫɬɭ;

• ɭɬɨɱɧɟɧɧɹ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɥɟɤɫɢɱɧɨʀ ɨɞɢɧɢɰɿ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɿ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɭ;

• ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨʀ ɿɞɟʀ ɬɟɤɫɬɭ.

ɉɪɢɤɥɚɞ:

Read the text below. For questions (1—6) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D). Write your answers

on the separate answers sheet.

Are most business people honest? When they were children, the businesspeople of today were taught by

their parents that honesty pays and that the dishonest will suffer. Their parents and teachers told them moral

stories about honest people who were rewarded and dishonest people who were punished. Then they grew up

and went out into the cold hard world of business. Faced with a choice between honesty and dishonest proﬁ t,

which road do these people take? According to a study conducted by Harvard Business Review, most U.S.

businesspeople do conduct their affairs honestly. They also are willing to trust other businesspeople,

because their experience has taught them that most of them are honest too. But the Harvard team found

numerous examples with a different outcome: sometimes dishonesty was greatly proﬁ table. A computer

company deceived an advertising agency in order to get good terms, and that single ad helped them sell

$150,000 worth of software. Expensive department stores in New York City have a reputation for breaking

their promises to suppliers and costing the suppliers a great deal. Some investment brokers deceive their clients

and lose all their money. Yet more clients come along, the suppliers keep working with the department stores,

and ad agencies take new chances with unknown ﬁ rms.

Given examples like these, it may seem strange to you that businesses would be so trusting. It's partly due to

an assumption in the business world that some dishonest people are going to come your way, and you just have

to take it in stride. In other cases the reason is greed: the investor convinces the client that he will make such

incredible proﬁ ts that the client can't resist. The smooth talk of the sales rep may win over the customer. Clients

have their lawyer go over the contract with a ﬁ ne-toothed comb, hoping that they can outfox the deceiver. And

another reason that dishonesty pays is because most businesspeople believe that most others are as honest as

they themselves are. You might think that dishonest companies and businesspeople would be sued, but

they seldom are. The victims may be afraid of the person's power, they may just not want to spend the

time and money and effort, or they might not want to endanger their own reputation.

It sounds bad, doesn't it? Crime pays, honest people suffer. Yet these stories do seem to be in the minority.

It's true that you can always ﬁ nd ways to lose your money if you want to take foolish risks with people who

have bad track records, but the truth is, most business people generally trust people. Most of them also said

that they themselves were honest in their own business dealings. Why? Not because they believed that it would

bring them higher proﬁ ts, but because of their own self-respect and moral principles. They «took pride in their

good names.» Said one: «We keep promises because we believe it is right to do so, not because it is good

business.»