The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011. World Economic Forum Geneva
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153
2.1: Country/Economy Profiles
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index in detail
INDICATOR RANK/139
1st pillar: Policy rules and regulations
1.01 Prevalence of foreign ownership......................................41
1.02 Property rights ..................................................................96
1.03 Business impact of rules on FDI ....................................108
1.04 Visa requirements*.........................................................134
1.05 Openness of bilateral Air Service Agreements* ..............64
1.06 Transparency of government policymaking ....................117
1.07 Time required to start a business* ..................................73
1.08 Cost to start a business* ...............................................118
1.09 GATS commitments* .....................................................104
2nd pillar: Environmental sustainability
2.01 Stringency of environmental regulation..........................108
2.02 Enforcement of environmental regulation ......................100
2.03 Sustainability of T&T industry development...................122
2.04 Carbon dioxide emissions* ..............................................
20
2.05 Particulate matter concentration* .................................103
2.06 Threatened species* .....................................................110
2.07 Environmental treaty ratification* ....................................
46
3rd pillar: Safety and security
3.01 Business costs of terrorism..............................................70
3.02 Reliability of police services............................................103
3.03 Business costs of crime and violence..............................81
3.04 Road traffic accidents* ..................................................105
4th pillar: Health and hygiene
4.01 Physician density* .........................................................112
4.02 Access to improved sanitation* ....................................110
4.03 Access to improved drinking water* .............................115
4.04 Hospital beds* .................................................................96
5th pillar: Prioritization of Travel & Tourism
5.01 Government prioritization of the T&T industry ...............118
5.02 T&T government expenditure* ......................................112
5.03 Effectiveness of marketing and branding.......................130
5.04 Comprehensiveness of annual T&T data*......................126
5.05 Timeliness of providing monthly/quarterly T&T data* ....123
6th pillar: Air transport infrastructure
6.01 Quality of air transport infrastructure .............................122
6.02 Available seat kilometers, domestic* ...............................95
6.03 Available seat kilometers, international* ........................100
6.04 Departures per 1,000 population* .................................103
6.05 Airport density* ..............................................................120
6.06 Number of operating airlines* ..........................................91
6.07 International air transport network ................................111
7th pillar: Ground transport infrastructure
7.01 Quality of roads ..............................................................116
7.02 Quality of railroad infrastructure .......................................75
7.03 Quality of port infrastructure ..........................................110
7.04 Quality of ground transport network ................................66
7.05 Road density* .................................................................106
INDICATOR RANK/139
8th pillar: Tourism infrastructure
8.01 Hotel rooms* ..................................................................100
8.02 Presence of major car rental companies*........................95
8.03 ATMs accepting Visa cards*...........................................129
9th pillar: ICT infrastructure
9.01 Extent of business Internet use .....................................101
9.02 Internet users* ...............................................................122
9.03 Telephone lines*.............................................................115
9.04 Broadband Internet subscribers* ...................................135
9.05 Mobile telephone subscribers* ......................................122
10th pillar: Price competitiveness in the T&T industry
10.01 Ticket taxes and airport charges*...................................131
10.02 Purchasing power parity* .................................................
45
10.03 Extent and effect of taxation..........................................119
10.04 Fuel price levels*..............................................................75
10.05 Hotel price index*.............................................................84
11th pillar: Human resources
11.01 Primary education enrollment*.........................................81
11.02 Secondary education enrollment* ..................................118
11.03 Quality of the educational system....................................79
11.04 Local availability of research and training services...........96
11.05 Extent of staff training......................................................93
11.06 Hiring and firing practices.................................................
16
11.07 Ease of hiring foreign labor...............................................16
11.08 HIV prevalence*..............................................................127
11.09 Business impact of HIV/AIDS.........................................117
11.10 Life expectancy*.............................................................124
12th pillar: Affinity for Travel & Tourism
12.01 Tourism openness* ........................................................108
12.02 Attitude of population toward foreign visitors..................60
12.03 Extension of business trips recommended......................62
13th pillar: Natural resources
13.01 Number of World Heritage natural sites*.........................43
13.02 Protected areas*...............................................................71
13.03 Quality of the natural environment...................................83
13.04 Total known species* .......................................................
15
14th pillar: Cultural resources
14.01 Number of World Heritage cultural sites*......................122
14.02 Sports stadiums*............................................................102
14.03 Number of international fairs and exhibitions*.................85
14.04 Creative industries exports*...........................................122
Cameroon
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum. For
further details and explanation, please refer to the section "How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles" at the beginning of this chapter.
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011 © 2011 World Economic Forum
154
2.1: Country/Economy Profiles
Canada
Key indicators
Population (millions), 2009............................................................................33.7
Surface area (1,000 square kilometers) ...................................................9,984.7
Gross domestic product (US$ billions), 2009 ..........................................1,336.1
Gross domestic product (PPP, US$) per capita, 2009 ...........................37,947.0
Real GDP growth (percent), 2009.................................................................–2.5
Environmental Performance Index, 2010 (out of 163 economies)..................46
Travel & Tourism indicators
T&T industry, 2010 estimates
GDP (US$ millions) ...........................................................40,239...................2.6 ....................4.2
Employment (1,000 jobs).......................................................596...................3.5 ....................1.8
T&T economy, 2010 estimates
GDP (US$ millions) .........................................................136,081...................8.9 ....................5.0
Employment (1,000 jobs)....................................................1,812.................10.7 ....................2.5
Source: World Travel & Tourism Council, TSA Research 2010
International tourist arrivals (thousands), 2009..............15,737.2
International tourism receipts (US$ millions), 2009 ......13,707.0
Source: United Nations World Tourism Organization
Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index
2011 Index .............................................................................................................9 5.3
2009 Index..............................................................................................................5 5.3
T&T regulatory framework ..............................................................................25 5.3
Policy rules and regulations............................................................................4 5.4
Environmental sustainability..........................................................................35 5.0
Safety and security .........................................................................................24 5.7
Health and hygiene .........................................................................................52 5.4
Prioritization of Travel & Tourism..................................................................40 4.9
T&T business environment and infrastructure..............................................5 5.4
Air transport infrastructure..............................................................................1 6.7
Ground transport infrastructure....................................................................33 4.8
Tourism infrastructure ....................................................................................21 5.9
ICT infrastructure ............................................................................................14 5.4
Price competitiveness in the T&T industry...............................................105 4.2
T&T human, cultural, and natural resources .................................................7 5.2
Human resources ..............................................................................................5 5.8
Education and training...............................................................................4 6.0
Availability of qualified labor...................................................................11 5.6
Affinity for Travel & Tourism..........................................................................52 4.8
Natural resources ...........................................................................................11 4.9
Cultural resources...........................................................................................18 5.4
Note: For descriptions of variables and detailed sources, please refer to “How to the Read Country/Economy Profiles.”
Rank Score
(out of 139) (1–7 scale)
International tourist arrivals
(thousands)
International tourism receipts
(US$ millions)
2011–2020
Percent annual growth
of total (%, forecast)
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
1234567
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011 © 2011 World Economic Forum
155
2.1: Country/Economy Profiles
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index in detail
INDICATOR RANK/139
1st pillar: Policy rules and regulations
1.01 Prevalence of foreign ownership......................................11
1.02 Property rights ..................................................................
10
1.03 Business impact of rules on FDI ......................................48
1.04 Visa requirements*...........................................................85
1.05 Openness of bilateral Air Service Agreements* ..............
10
1.06 Transparency of government policymaking ......................11
1.07 Time required to start a business* ....................................
9
1.08 Cost to start a business* ...................................................3
1.09 GATS commitments* .......................................................46
2nd pillar: Environmental sustainability
2.01 Stringency of environmental regulation............................26
2.02 Enforcement of environmental regulation ........................18
2.03 Sustainability of T&T industry development.....................43
2.04 Carbon dioxide emissions* ............................................128
2.05 Particulate matter concentration* ...................................15
2.06 Threatened species* .......................................................47
2.07 Environmental treaty ratification* ....................................46
3rd pillar: Safety and security
3.01 Business costs of terrorism..............................................96
3.02 Reliability of police services................................................
7
3.03 Business costs of crime and violence..............................49
3.04 Road traffic accidents* ....................................................18
4th pillar: Health and hygiene
4.01 Physician density* ...........................................................60
4.02 Access to improved sanitation* ........................................
1
4.03 Access to improved drinking water* .................................1
4.04 Hospital beds* .................................................................52
5th pillar: Prioritization of Travel & Tourism
5.01 Government prioritization of the T&T industry .................50
5.02 T&T government expenditure* ........................................49
5.03 Effectiveness of marketing and branding.........................53
5.04 Comprehensiveness of annual T&T data*........................72
5.05 Timeliness of providing monthly/quarterly T&T data* ......46
6th pillar: Air transport infrastructure
6.01 Quality of air transport infrastructure ...............................23
6.02 Available seat kilometers, domestic* .................................
8
6.03 Available seat kilometers, international* ..........................13
6.04 Departures per 1,000 population* .....................................
9
6.05 Airport density* ..................................................................4
6.06 Number of operating airlines* ............................................9
6.07 International air transport network ..................................14
7th pillar: Ground transport infrastructure
7.01 Quality of roads ................................................................17
7.02 Quality of railroad infrastructure .......................................16
7.03 Quality of port infrastructure ............................................14
7.04 Quality of ground transport network ................................20
7.05 Road density* ...................................................................96
INDICATOR RANK/139
8th pillar: Tourism infrastructure
8.01 Hotel rooms* ....................................................................21
8.02 Presence of major car rental companies*........................40
8.03 ATMs accepting Visa cards*.............................................24
9th pillar: ICT infrastructure
9.01 Extent of business Internet use .........................................8
9.02 Internet users* .................................................................11
9.03 Telephone lines*...............................................................12
9.04 Broadband Internet subscribers* .....................................
10
9.05 Mobile telephone subscribers* ........................................95
10th pillar: Price competitiveness in the T&T industry
10.01 Ticket taxes and airport charges*...................................125
10.02 Purchasing power parity* ...............................................123
10.03 Extent and effect of taxation............................................48
10.04 Fuel price levels*..............................................................30
10.05 Hotel price index*.............................................................55
11th pillar: Human resources
11.01 Primary education enrollment*...........................................9
11.02 Secondary education enrollment* ....................................22
11.03 Quality of the educational system......................................
5
11.04 Local availability of research and training services...........11
11.05 Extent of staff training......................................................12
11.06 Hiring and firing practices.................................................15
11.07 Ease of hiring foreign labor...............................................75
11.08 HIV prevalence*................................................................68
11.09 Business impact of HIV/AIDS...........................................25
11.10 Life expectancy*.................................................................
7
12th pillar: Affinity for Travel & Tourism
12.01 Tourism openness* ........................................................103
12.02 Attitude of population toward foreign visitors....................
6
12.03 Extension of business trips recommended......................23
13th pillar: Natural resources
13.01 Number of World Heritage natural sites*...........................4
13.02 Protected areas*...............................................................84
13.03 Quality of the natural environment.....................................
8
13.04 Total known species* .......................................................44
14th pillar: Cultural resources
14.01 Number of World Heritage cultural sites*........................44
14.02 Sports stadiums*..............................................................39
14.03 Number of international fairs and exhibitions*.................
10
14.04 Creative industries exports*.............................................12
Canada
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum. For
further details and explanation, please refer to the section "How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles" at the beginning of this chapter.
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011 © 2011 World Economic Forum
156
2.1: Country/Economy Profiles
Cape Verde
Key indicators
Population (millions), 2009..............................................................................0.5
Surface area (1,000 square kilometers) ..........................................................4.0
Gross domestic product (US$ billions), 2009 .................................................1.6
Gross domestic product (PPP, US$) per capita, 2009 .............................3,455.2
Real GDP growth (percent), 2009...................................................................3.0
Environmental Performance Index, 2010 (out of 163 economies) .................n/a
Travel & Tourism indicators
T&T industry, 2010 estimates
GDP (US$ millions) ................................................................210.................10.9 ....................8.5
Employment (1,000 jobs).........................................................10.................10.0 ....................6.0
T&T economy, 2010 estimates
GDP (US$ millions) ................................................................423.................21.9 ....................7.9
Employment (1,000 jobs).........................................................19.................19.7 ....................5.4
Source: World Travel & Tourism Council, TSA Research 2010
International tourist arrivals (thousands), 2009...................287.0
International tourism receipts (US$ millions), 2009 ...........291.4
Source: United Nations World Tourism Organization
Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index
2011 Index ...........................................................................................................89 3.8
2009 Index..........................................................................................................n/a n/a
T&T regulatory framework ..............................................................................85 4.3
Policy rules and regulations..........................................................................73 4.4
Environmental sustainability..........................................................................56 4.7
Safety and security .........................................................................................85 4.5
Health and hygiene .......................................................................................105 3.2
Prioritization of Travel & Tourism..................................................................45 4.8
T&T business environment and infrastructure............................................73 3.6
Air transport infrastructure............................................................................48 3.7
Ground transport infrastructure....................................................................64 3.8
Tourism infrastructure ....................................................................................63 4.1
ICT infrastructure ............................................................................................90 2.7
Price competitiveness in the T&T industry...............................................126 3.7
T&T human, cultural, and natural resources .............................................114 3.4
Human resources ............................................................................................98 4.6
Education and training...........................................................................106 4.0
Availability of qualified labor...................................................................76 5.1
Affinity for Travel & Tourism............................................................................5 6.0
Natural resources .........................................................................................136 1.8
Cultural resources.........................................................................................133 1.1
Note: For descriptions of variables and detailed sources, please refer to “How to the Read Country/Economy Profiles.”
Rank Score
(out of 139) (1–7 scale)
International tourist arrivals
(thousands)
International tourism receipts
(US$ millions)
2011–2020
Percent annual growth
of total (%, forecast)
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009
0
100
200
300
400
1234567
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011 © 2011 World Economic Forum
157
2.1: Country/Economy Profiles
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index in detail
INDICATOR RANK/139
1st pillar: Policy rules and regulations
1.01 Prevalence of foreign ownership......................................67
1.02 Property rights ................................................................100
1.03 Business impact of rules on FDI ......................................72
1.04 Visa requirements*.........................................................117
1.05 Openness of bilateral Air Service Agreements* ..............
16
1.06 Transparency of government policymaking ......................50
1.07 Time required to start a business* ..................................44
1.08 Cost to start a business* .................................................91
1.09 GATS commitments*.......................................................n/a
2nd pillar: Environmental sustainability
2.01 Stringency of environmental regulation............................90
2.02 Enforcement of environmental regulation ......................110
2.03 Sustainability of T&T industry development.....................79
2.04 Carbon dioxide emissions* ..............................................
27
2.05 Particulate matter concentration* ...................................45
2.06 Threatened species* .......................................................92
2.07 Environmental treaty ratification* ....................................65
3rd pillar: Safety and security
3.01 Business costs of terrorism..............................................72
3.02 Reliability of police services..............................................63
3.03 Business costs of crime and violence..............................96
3.04 Road traffic accidents* ....................................................97
4th pillar: Health and hygiene
4.01 Physician density* ...........................................................98
4.02 Access to improved sanitation* ....................................100
4.03 Access to improved drinking water* .............................101
4.04 Hospital beds* .................................................................79
5th pillar: Prioritization of Travel & Tourism
5.01 Government prioritization of the T&T industry .................35
5.02 T&T government expenditure* ........................................23
5.03 Effectiveness of marketing and branding.........................97
5.04 Comprehensiveness of annual T&T data*......................105
5.05 Timeliness of providing monthly/quarterly T&T data* ......72
6th pillar: Air transport infrastructure
6.01 Quality of air transport infrastructure ...............................82
6.02 Available seat kilometers, domestic* ...............................72
6.03 Available seat kilometers, international* ........................106
6.04 Departures per 1,000 population* ..................................n/a
6.05 Airport density* ..................................................................
2
6.06 Number of operating airlines* ........................................124
6.07 International air transport network ..................................79
7th pillar: Ground transport infrastructure
7.01 Quality of roads ................................................................68
7.02 Quality of railroad infrastructure ......................................n/a
7.03 Quality of port infrastructure ..........................................102
7.04 Quality of ground transport network ..............................102
7.05 Road density* ..................................................................n/a
INDICATOR RANK/139
8th pillar: Tourism infrastructure
8.01 Hotel rooms* ....................................................................19
8.02 Presence of major car rental companies*........................95
8.03 ATMs accepting Visa cards*.............................................68
9th pillar: ICT infrastructure
9.01 Extent of business Internet use .......................................86
9.02 Internet users* .................................................................73
9.03 Telephone lines*...............................................................85
9.04 Broadband Internet subscribers* .....................................84
9.05 Mobile telephone subscribers* ......................................106
10th pillar: Price competitiveness in the T&T industry
10.01 Ticket taxes and airport charges*.....................................36
10.02 Purchasing power parity* ...............................................108
10.03 Extent and effect of taxation............................................94
10.04 Fuel price levels*............................................................137
10.05 Hotel price index*............................................................n/a
11th pillar: Human resources
11.01 Primary education enrollment*.......................................121
11.02 Secondary education enrollment* ....................................88
11.03 Quality of the educational system....................................65
11.04 Local availability of research and training services.........129
11.05 Extent of staff training....................................................120
11.06 Hiring and firing practices...............................................109
11.07 Ease of hiring foreign labor...............................................
22
11.08 HIV prevalence*................................................................99
11.09 Business impact of HIV/AIDS...........................................85
11.10 Life expectancy*...............................................................84
12th pillar: Affinity for Travel & Tourism
12.01 Tourism openness* ............................................................4
12.02 Attitude of population toward foreign visitors..................61
12.03 Extension of business trips recommended....................109
13th pillar: Natural resources
13.01 Number of World Heritage natural sites*.........................75
13.02 Protected areas*.............................................................115
13.03 Quality of the natural environment...................................92
13.04 Total known species* .....................................................138
14th pillar: Cultural resources
14.01 Number of World Heritage cultural sites*......................104
14.02 Sports stadiums*............................................................139
14.03 Number of international fairs and exhibitions*...............132
14.04 Creative industries exports*...........................................125
Cape Verde
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum. For
further details and explanation, please refer to the section "How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles" at the beginning of this chapter.
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011 © 2011 World Economic Forum
158
2.1: Country/Economy Profiles
Chad
Key indicators
Population (millions), 2009............................................................................11.2
Surface area (1,000 square kilometers) ...................................................1,284.0
Gross domestic product (US$ billions), 2009 .................................................6.9
Gross domestic product (PPP, US$) per capita, 2009 .............................1,609.7
Real GDP growth (percent), 2009.................................................................–1.6
Environmental Performance Index, 2010 (out of 163 economies)................151
Travel & Tourism indicators
T&T industry, 2010 estimates
GDP (US$ millions) ..................................................................61...................0.6 ....................8.4
Employment (1,000 jobs).........................................................10...................0.5 ....................4.6
T&T economy, 2010 estimates
GDP (US$ millions) ................................................................458...................4.7 ....................6.2
Employment (1,000 jobs).........................................................80...................3.9 ....................3.9
Source: World Travel & Tourism Council, TSA Research 2010
International tourist arrivals (thousands), 2007.....................25.0
International tourism receipts (US$ millions), 2002 .............25.2
Source: United Nations World Tourism Organization
Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index
2011 Index .........................................................................................................139 2.6
2009 Index..........................................................................................................133 2.5
T&T regulatory framework ............................................................................139 2.9
Policy rules and regulations........................................................................139 2.7
Environmental sustainability..........................................................................89 4.2
Safety and security .......................................................................................136 3.3
Health and hygiene .......................................................................................138 1.1
Prioritization of Travel & Tourism................................................................129 3.1
T&T business environment and infrastructure..........................................139 2.1
Air transport infrastructure..........................................................................137 1.8
Ground transport infrastructure..................................................................132 2.4
Tourism infrastructure ..................................................................................133 1.3
ICT infrastructure ..........................................................................................139 1.5
Price competitiveness in the T&T industry...............................................133 3.5
T&T human, cultural, and natural resources .............................................137 2.7
Human resources ..........................................................................................136 3.2
Education and training...........................................................................138 2.5
Availability of qualified labor.................................................................129 3.9
Affinity for Travel & Tourism........................................................................125 4.0
Natural resources .........................................................................................105 2.5
Cultural resources.........................................................................................136 1.0
Note: For descriptions of variables and detailed sources, please refer to “How to the Read Country/Economy Profiles.”
Rank Score
(out of 139) (1–7 scale)
International tourist arrivals
(thousands)
International tourism receipts
(US$ millions)
2011–2020
Percent annual growth
of total (%, forecast)
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009
10
20
30
40
50
60
1234567
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011 © 2011 World Economic Forum
159
2.1: Country/Economy Profiles
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index in detail
INDICATOR RANK/139
1st pillar: Policy rules and regulations
1.01 Prevalence of foreign ownership....................................134
1.02 Property rights ................................................................136
1.03 Business impact of rules on FDI ....................................132
1.04 Visa requirements*.........................................................121
1.05 Openness of bilateral Air Service Agreements* ..............72
1.06 Transparency of government policymaking ....................138
1.07 Time required to start a business* ................................130
1.08 Cost to start a business* ...............................................136
1.09 GATS commitments* .........................................................
7
2nd pillar: Environmental sustainability
2.01 Stringency of environmental regulation............................69
2.02 Enforcement of environmental regulation ........................
48
2.03 Sustainability of T&T industry development...................108
2.04 Carbon dioxide emissions* ................................................
2
2.05 Particulate matter concentration* .................................128
2.06 Threatened species* .......................................................
44
2.07 Environmental treaty ratification* ....................................94
3rd pillar: Safety and security
3.01 Business costs of terrorism............................................114
3.02 Reliability of police services............................................131
3.03 Business costs of crime and violence............................114
3.04 Road traffic accidents* ..................................................123
4th pillar: Health and hygiene
4.01 Physician density* .........................................................131
4.02 Access to improved sanitation* ....................................133
4.03 Access to improved drinking water* .............................130
4.04 Hospital beds* ...............................................................130
5th pillar: Prioritization of Travel & Tourism
5.01 Government prioritization of the T&T industry ...............121
5.02 T&T government expenditure* ........................................56
5.03 Effectiveness of marketing and branding.......................123
5.04 Comprehensiveness of annual T&T data*......................134
5.05 Timeliness of providing monthly/quarterly T&T data* ....123
6th pillar: Air transport infrastructure
6.01 Quality of air transport infrastructure .............................136
6.02 Available seat kilometers, domestic* .............................103
6.03 Available seat kilometers, international* ........................128
6.04 Departures per 1,000 population* .................................120
6.05 Airport density* ..............................................................134
6.06 Number of operating airlines* ........................................134
6.07 International air transport network ................................124
7th pillar: Ground transport infrastructure
7.01 Quality of roads ..............................................................126
7.02 Quality of railroad infrastructure ......................................n/a
7.03 Quality of port infrastructure ..........................................133
7.04 Quality of ground transport network ..............................130
7.05 Road density* .................................................................132
INDICATOR RANK/139
8th pillar: Tourism infrastructure
8.01 Hotel rooms* ..................................................................135
8.02 Presence of major car rental companies*......................125
8.03 ATMs accepting Visa cards*...........................................134
9th pillar: ICT infrastructure
9.01 Extent of business Internet use .....................................139
9.02 Internet users* ...............................................................134
9.03 Telephone lines*.............................................................133
9.04 Broadband Internet subscribers* ...................................138
9.05 Mobile telephone subscribers* ......................................135
10th pillar: Price competitiveness in the T&T industry
10.01 Ticket taxes and airport charges*...................................138
10.02 Purchasing power parity* .................................................
25
10.03 Extent and effect of taxation..........................................129
10.04 Fuel price levels*..............................................................97
10.05 Hotel price index*.............................................................72
11th pillar: Human resources
11.01 Primary education enrollment*.......................................136
11.02 Secondary education enrollment* ..................................135
11.03 Quality of the educational system....................................97
11.04 Local availability of research and training services.........131
11.05 Extent of staff training....................................................125
11.06 Hiring and firing practices.................................................72
11.07 Ease of hiring foreign labor...............................................84
11.08 HIV prevalence*..............................................................124
11.09 Business impact of HIV/AIDS.........................................133
11.10 Life expectancy*.............................................................137
12th pillar: Affinity for Travel & Tourism
12.01 Tourism openness* ..........................................................64
12.02 Attitude of population toward foreign visitors................119
12.03 Extension of business trips recommended....................137
13th pillar: Natural resources
13.01 Number of World Heritage natural sites*.........................75
13.02 Protected areas*...............................................................68
13.03 Quality of the natural environment.................................135
13.04 Total known species* .......................................................55
14th pillar: Cultural resources
14.01 Number of World Heritage cultural sites*......................122
14.02 Sports stadiums*............................................................132
14.03 Number of international fairs and exhibitions*................n/a
14.04 Creative industries exports* ............................................n/a
Chad
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum. For
further details and explanation, please refer to the section "How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles" at the beginning of this chapter.
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011 © 2011 World Economic Forum
160
2.1: Country/Economy Profiles
Chile
Key indicators
Population (millions), 2009............................................................................17.0
Surface area (1,000 square kilometers) ......................................................756.1
Gross domestic product (US$ billions), 2009 .............................................161.6
Gross domestic product (PPP, US$) per capita, 2009 ...........................14,315.8
Real GDP growth (percent), 2009.................................................................–1.5
Environmental Performance Index, 2010 (out of 163 economies)..................16
Travel & Tourism indicators
T&T industry, 2010 estimates
GDP (US$ millions) .............................................................2,383...................1.3 ....................4.5
Employment (1,000 jobs).......................................................101...................1.5 ....................1.3
T&T economy, 2010 estimates
GDP (US$ millions) .............................................................6,485...................3.4 ....................5.3
Employment (1,000 jobs).......................................................246...................3.6 ....................1.9
Source: World Travel & Tourism Council, TSA Research 2010
International tourist arrivals (thousands), 2009................2,749.9
International tourism receipts (US$ millions), 2009 ........1,567.8
Source: United Nations World Tourism Organization
Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index
2011 Index ...........................................................................................................57 4.3
2009 Index............................................................................................................57 4.2
T&T regulatory framework ..............................................................................48 4.9
Policy rules and regulations..........................................................................12 5.2
Environmental sustainability..........................................................................73 4.5
Safety and security .........................................................................................27 5.7
Health and hygiene .........................................................................................71 4.7
Prioritization of Travel & Tourism..................................................................66 4.5
T&T business environment and infrastructure............................................56 4.0
Air transport infrastructure............................................................................52 3.5
Ground transport infrastructure....................................................................55 4.1
Tourism infrastructure ....................................................................................68 3.8
ICT infrastructure ............................................................................................54 3.6
Price competitiveness in the T&T industry.................................................41 4.9
T&T human, cultural, and natural resources ...............................................62 3.9
Human resources ............................................................................................41 5.2
Education and training.............................................................................47 5.0
Availability of qualified labor...................................................................34 5.3
Affinity for Travel & Tourism..........................................................................89 4.5
Natural resources ...........................................................................................76 3.0
Cultural resources...........................................................................................51 3.0
Note: For descriptions of variables and detailed sources, please refer to “How to the Read Country/Economy Profiles.”
Rank Score
(out of 139) (1–7 scale)
International tourist arrivals
(thousands)
International tourism receipts
(US$ millions)
2011–2020
Percent annual growth
of total (%, forecast)
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
1234567
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011 © 2011 World Economic Forum
161
2.1: Country/Economy Profiles
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index in detail
INDICATOR RANK/139
1st pillar: Policy rules and regulations
1.01 Prevalence of foreign ownership........................................9
1.02 Property rights ..................................................................37
1.03 Business impact of rules on FDI ......................................12
1.04 Visa requirements*...........................................................17
1.05 Openness of bilateral Air Service Agreements* ..............12
1.06 Transparency of government policymaking ......................10
1.07 Time required to start a business* ..................................83
1.08 Cost to start a business* .................................................57
1.09 GATS commitments* .......................................................82
2nd pillar: Environmental sustainability
2.01 Stringency of environmental regulation............................42
2.02 Enforcement of environmental regulation ........................38
2.03 Sustainability of T&T industry development.....................88
2.04 Carbon dioxide emissions* ..............................................73
2.05 Particulate matter concentration* ...................................92
2.06 Threatened species* .....................................................123
2.07 Environmental treaty ratification* ....................................
30
3rd pillar: Safety and security
3.01 Business costs of terrorism..............................................21
3.02 Reliability of police services................................................5
3.03 Business costs of crime and violence..............................78
3.04 Road traffic accidents* ....................................................
50
4th pillar: Health and hygiene
4.01 Physician density* ...........................................................88
4.02 Access to improved sanitation* ......................................
46
4.03 Access to improved drinking water* ...............................62
4.04 Hospital beds* .................................................................75
5th pillar: Prioritization of Travel & Tourism
5.01 Government prioritization of the T&T industry ...............113
5.02 T&T government expenditure* ........................................
48
5.03 Effectiveness of marketing and branding.........................94
5.04 Comprehensiveness of annual T&T data*........................
28
5.05 Timeliness of providing monthly/quarterly T&T data* ......12
6th pillar: Air transport infrastructure
6.01 Quality of air transport infrastructure ...............................26
6.02 Available seat kilometers, domestic* ...............................26
6.03 Available seat kilometers, international* ..........................49
6.04 Departures per 1,000 population* ...................................44
6.05 Airport density* ................................................................47
6.06 Number of operating airlines* ..........................................79
6.07 International air transport network ..................................
19
7th pillar: Ground transport infrastructure
7.01 Quality of roads ................................................................12
7.02 Quality of railroad infrastructure .......................................77
7.03 Quality of port infrastructure ............................................
24
7.04 Quality of ground transport network ................................22
7.05 Road density* .................................................................110
INDICATOR RANK/139
8th pillar: Tourism infrastructure
8.01 Hotel rooms* ....................................................................61
8.02 Presence of major car rental companies*........................64
8.03 ATMs accepting Visa cards*.............................................59
9th pillar: ICT infrastructure
9.01 Extent of business Internet use .......................................34
9.02 Internet users* .................................................................54
9.03 Telephone lines*...............................................................63
9.04 Broadband Internet subscribers* .....................................
49
9.05 Mobile telephone subscribers* ........................................66
10th pillar: Price competitiveness in the T&T industry
10.01 Ticket taxes and airport charges*.....................................56
10.02 Purchasing power parity* .................................................92
10.03 Extent and effect of taxation............................................
19
10.04 Fuel price levels*..............................................................56
10.05 Hotel price index*.............................................................
38
11th pillar: Human resources
11.01 Primary education enrollment*.........................................57
11.02 Secondary education enrollment* ....................................60
11.03 Quality of the educational system..................................100
11.04 Local availability of research and training services...........
31
11.05 Extent of staff training......................................................33
11.06 Hiring and firing practices...............................................111
11.07 Ease of hiring foreign labor...............................................
27
11.08 HIV prevalence*................................................................79
11.09 Business impact of HIV/AIDS...........................................
32
11.10 Life expectancy*...............................................................31
12th pillar: Affinity for Travel & Tourism
12.01 Tourism openness* ........................................................118
12.02 Attitude of population toward foreign visitors..................85
12.03 Extension of business trips recommended......................
34
13th pillar: Natural resources
13.01 Number of World Heritage natural sites*.........................75
13.02 Protected areas*...............................................................
49
13.03 Quality of the natural environment...................................80
13.04 Total known species* .......................................................57
14th pillar: Cultural resources
14.01 Number of World Heritage cultural sites*........................44
14.02 Sports stadiums*..............................................................50
14.03 Number of international fairs and exhibitions*.................36
14.04 Creative industries exports*.............................................64
Chile
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum. For
further details and explanation, please refer to the section "How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles" at the beginning of this chapter.
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011 © 2011 World Economic Forum
162
2.1: Country/Economy Profiles
China
Key indicators
Population (millions), 2009.......................................................................1,331.5
Surface area (1,000 square kilometers) ...................................................9,598.1
Gross domestic product (US$ billions), 2009 ..........................................4,984.7
Gross domestic product (PPP, US$) per capita, 2009 .............................6,778.1
Real GDP growth (percent), 2009...................................................................9.1
Environmental Performance Index, 2010 (out of 163 economies)................121
Travel & Tourism indicators
T&T industry, 2010 estimates
GDP (US$ millions) .........................................................113,400...................2.1 ..................10.4
Employment (1,000 jobs)..................................................17,123...................2.2 ....................4.7
T&T economy, 2010 estimates
GDP (US$ millions) .........................................................499,941...................9.2 ....................9.0
Employment (1,000 jobs)..................................................60,102...................7.7 ....................4.0
Source: World Travel & Tourism Council, TSA Research 2010
International tourist arrivals (thousands), 2009..............50,875.2
International tourism receipts (US$ millions), 2009 ......39,675.0
Source: United Nations World Tourism Organization
Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index
2011 Index ...........................................................................................................39 4.5
2009 Index............................................................................................................47 4.3
T&T regulatory framework ..............................................................................71 4.5
Policy rules and regulations..........................................................................80 4.3
Environmental sustainability..........................................................................95 4.2
Safety and security .........................................................................................58 5.1
Health and hygiene .........................................................................................96 3.9
Prioritization of Travel & Tourism..................................................................35 5.1
T&T business environment and infrastructure............................................64 3.8
Air transport infrastructure............................................................................35 4.2
Ground transport infrastructure....................................................................59 4.0
Tourism infrastructure ....................................................................................95 2.6
ICT infrastructure ............................................................................................73 3.1
Price competitiveness in the T&T industry.................................................24 5.1
T&T human, cultural, and natural resources ...............................................12 5.1
Human resources ............................................................................................39 5.2
Education and training.............................................................................50 4.9
Availability of qualified labor...................................................................24 5.4
Affinity for Travel & Tourism........................................................................124 4.1
Natural resources .............................................................................................5 5.5
Cultural resources...........................................................................................16 5.5
Note: For descriptions of variables and detailed sources, please refer to “How to the Read Country/Economy Profiles.”
Rank Score
(out of 139) (1–7 scale)
International tourist arrivals
(thousands)
International tourism receipts
(US$ millions)
2011–2020
Percent annual growth
of total (%, forecast)
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
1234567
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011 © 2011 World Economic Forum