Раабе Й. Гидравлические машины и установки
Подождите немного. Документ загружается.
tiiufiHnii'ia
irenecoo6pasHo-
o6leliir-rn'il
c
xpl,tuxoft,
r<ax
si6
rroKa3aHo
H a
pvc. 12-6. O6te4r.rHetli4e
ryp6nnnoro
IIoAIIIHn-
HH,KA Lr
nOAnfTHLIKa
B
OA.HOM
Kopnyce,
BocnpHHI',IMaloil{eM'
KpoMe
Toro,
kt Bec H
THAPaBJI?IqeCKHe
H
TeMnepaTypHble
HarpysKr4
cnlapaJlbsoli
rauepbl,
HanpaBJIffIOuIero
annapaTa
H OTCaCbIBaIOU{eft
rpy6u,
npHBoAI'lr
,K
TOl4y,
I{TO
BCe
lepeMe-
tr1erlnfi
poTopHbIX
H
CTaTopHbIX
LracTefl
ryp6qHbl
npOHCXoAflT
Puc.
12-6.
llpo4onlHrrfi
pa3pe3
pap.Hailb-
Ho-oceeoii
ryp6uHu |AOC
BuanAeu
npo-
LI3BoAcrBa
Qupun
Ourep
Bucc.
Hanop
287
M;
qacrora
BpaIqeHIIn 428,6 o6lwurt;
MorqHocrb
105,2
MBr;
AI{aMerp
pa6ouero
Ko,leca
2,4 w.
crrHxpoHHo.
3ro
no3BoJlfer cBecTh
K
MHHHMyNIy
3a3op
B
yn-
JrOTHeHHfx.
flprr
sToM
oceBoe
ycHJItte
arperara
He
nepeAa'
eTcfl
Ha onopbl
cnHpaJIbFI,oiI
KaMepbI.
Taxyro
I(oMIIolIOBKy
r{eJlecoo6paeilo
npllMe}tflTb
B
ycTa}IoBKax
c
6onuruuM
AHaIIa-
SOFIOM
LI3MeHelll{fl
Hanopa,
B
pe3y.IIbTaTe
qefo
CPIJIbHo
I',l3Me'
HffeTcfl
BeJI,Hqnlta
oceBoro
rHApaRrHqecKoro
ycr4Jrvlrl.
I-lpH
HailHLtLrn
paluaJrbHblx
yc\nklh
B
cnklpa,nlsot?
I{aMepe,
BIIoJt-
He
BO3Mox(HbIX
y
MaIIIHH c
AlIax,leTpoM
pa6orlero
I(oJIeCa
198
Ao
2
M,
pa6oraroqux
'rPI{
Ilanopax
Ao
300
M'
onopHbln
noArxHrrHI4K,
a
c
HHM H
pa6oqee KoJIeco
Typ6I4HbI
C
KoJIbIIe-
BbrMH
yIIJIOTHeHHfMH'CMeCTflTCfl
B
paAIraJIbHOM HaIIpaBJle-
FIItH
'lta
Ty
)Ke BeJII,ltIHHy,
IITO
',|L
ynJIoTI{I{TeJIbHble
KOJIbqa'
3aKpenJrellHble
B
KpbllIIKe
H
HHIKFIeM
KOJIbLIe HanpaBJlfllou{e-
fo
art,trapaTa.
Taxatt KoI{cTpyKI{lln
no3BoJlfleT
BbIAep}KI'lBaTb
M?rH14Mairruntrl
3a3op
B
yn"rlorHet'tltttx
pa6oqero
KoJIeca.
Pa-
AHalrbnbte
IIepeMeUIeHHfl
c'ilHpaJIbl.lol?
KaMepbI MoryT
Bo3-
HHKATb
BCJICN.CTBHC:
a)
reMneparypHbrx
4esopvrarl,i.i
crrHpaJrbHoft
r(aMepbI
1tpu
pe3KHX
KoJIe6aHHflx
reMneparypbl,
HanpuMep
npi4
BHe-
sanHoM
3an,oJlHeI{l.lH
onup
ailH,
Harperofi
Ao
TeMnepaTypbl
MzlriltrrrHofo
3aJIa,
xoJIoAllofi
noAoii;
6)
pa1uaq1bHoro
pacIUHpeHHfl
crllpaJIbHoIi
KaMepbI
H3-3a
noBbrrrreHLIfl
AaBJIeHHfl
;
B) HeAocraroqHoft
>Kecrr{ocrt.t
r(or{crpytcruu
cnnpaJIbHoi4
KaMepbr.
V
neprnl{aJlbFIbIX
raAporyp6nH
cnldpaJlbHafl
KaMepa
_cBa-
pIrBaeTcfl
I.r3
JIIICTOR,
IIOK,llbtBaeTctt
6nryuOu I,l
3aTeM
6erO-
r,r3se;KaTb
TpeqHH
B
6eroue,
CitHpaJIb,3ailnBaeTgfl
6erosOl't
rrpr,r
3aKpbIToM
3alopHoM
opraHe,
Hafpyx(eHHafl
AaBJIeHHeM
6es
ruqpaBJrr,tqecKoro
yAapa
flpu
3aKpbtroM HanpaBrlflloilreM
a'nnapare.
Bo
r{36exal{he
o6paaoea:Hr4f
BMSTHH
cIIHpa/Ib-
r,rbre
Kar\,repbI
6oJIbIIIIIX
pasMepoB
npli 6eroHapoBaHHI{
peKo-
N{e}rAyeTcfl
IIafpy)KaTb
BI{yTpelIHIIl\{
AaBJIe}IPIeM
HItIl
no.--
riparlHeri
Mepe
ilpocro 3anoJliitlrb
soiiot?.
B
nHx(Fieit
TOq,Ke cnHpaJIbHoll
KaMepbI
Bblno/IFIfleTcf
OT-
Bepcrne
Nrn
cJII{Ba
BoAbI.
Hesa6erorlupoBaHHble
cnnpaJlb'
Frbre
r{aMepbt
cHa6}KaroTcfl
pblt{-6o,nranalI,
ilagaun n
oTBep-
crHflMr{
urtr
yAaJIeI{Hfl BO3Ayxa npH
3arloJIHeHHH CrlI'IpaJI}I
Bo4or?.
Xonocrofi nrrnyc'I{,
cJIy)KaIqHiI
AJITI
npeAorBpaIIIeHI{fl
qpe3MepHoro
noBbIrueIII{f
LaBJIel-lLIf
B
Tpy6on'poBoAe
vr
cnn'
-,-- e-
paJIbHoH I(aMelle
llp14
ublc'lpul,l
uul'?thtuuKc lyPUnHbr,
uJleAysr
no
Bo3Mox(HocrH
pacnoJlafarb
tia oAHoii
Jrkltr4l,/.
c
IIanOp-
r-rbrM Tpy6onpoBoAoM
c
reM,
qro6bl
noToK,
noABoAHMbIfi
r{ xoaocToMV
BbInycKy,
I{e oTKJIol-IRJICfl I-Ia
SHaqI,ITeJIbHbIfi
vrofl.
flocxoJrbl(y
rarrleHHe
gtlepfI4n
B
xoJIocroM BbIn],'cKe
rrpHRoAHT
K
pacuarblBaFILIro
co
Rpel\,lelleM
ero
cpyu;ranneHT-
Frl?Ix_
6o.nron,
a
orlloclireJlbHo
peAKatI
SKcn/IyaTaIIHfl
_.
te9
cfiH|-alrkr
oT yf/ra
oxBaTa.
K
SAKJIHHHBAHITrc
KJIA''AHA,
CBPONCfiCK?IC
$HPrr,rU
BCC
IIAIUE
cralru
soo6qe
orKa3brBarbcfi
oT
ycrairoBr{H
Ha
ryp6renax
xo/rocrbrx,BbrrrycKoB.
B
CIUA
"no.cro
xondcTbrx
"i*v.no"
Hflrrr.1111
rpH'MeHeHHe
KoHHqecKHe
3arBopbr,
B
-;;"";;riunr.
eHepf,r4
noToKa
npo'cxoA,r
B
o6n'qdsu""o*
orBoAflUIeM
TyHr{eJre
B
raAporyp6uuax
or{eHb
6onlrunx
pa3MepoB
pasHO
rrpHMeHeHHe
AByx[oABOAHbrx
cnupaJrbHbfx
ua
oiipeAe"rrritcn
eitcfiepaMenia.riniio
s
raXiAoM
xoiixpefridM
cflyr{ae.
fJoronox
,cnnpanu
apMnpye
Tcn
ilnn
Bocnpnn
rkrr,
Ha_
rpys'K
OT
OCe-BOro
rnApasJi,qeirol0
yc'Ir'fr,
u
neca
arpe-
rara,
nepxuerr
qacr'
6erouuoro
6noxa
i;d;iy;J"u""",
ycTaHoBJreHHOro
B
MaIIT4HHOM
3aJIe,
a
TaKXe
BHliTp€HHero
AABJICHHff
BOAbI.
B
YCTAHOBKAX C
NOBbIIIICHHbIM-
H.ANOPOM
BHYTPC'TIHEC
AABJICHI]C
BOAbI-
HATPY)KACT
KOJIOHHbI
CTATOPA
pacrflfHBarorrluM
ycHJ*reM.
coealirreuue,KoJroFrH
c
6erononr
B
STOM
Cflyqae
OCyII{eCTBJIfleTCf
A/ILIHI{btivrH
aHr{epHbrN,IH
6On-
raMH
c raftxarwn
(crnr.-pwc.
n-:20);
inna
rroBepxHocrHoro
cr{e''JreH'Hf
craJrbHofo
60nra
c 6ero'oM
AorrycKaeT
Hanpfl-
)KeHHr
cABr4ra
yexay
cra.rrbFo
pr
6erouou'
i i"iiti*r."
B'ocyrueHHoli
tyf6",ue
]r,pH
c.rya6o
apMrdpoBaHHoM
ro-
ToJrKe
cnnpsJtlr
gacrb
Beca
6joxa
furpoarperara
nepeAaer-
cf
Ha
KoJIOHHbI
cTaTopa,
KOTOpbIe
s
Srona
cryrrae
AoJIX(HbI
paccqzrbrBarbcr
Ha
npoAonsuirft
ueru6.
np;
p;;;.
Ko-
/IoHHa
craropa
paccMarpHBaercrr
r(ar(
rxa,pHr4pHo
onepruft
rro
KOHTIaM
crep'(ejHb;
p_a3Mepbr
ceqeHr,rfl
KO/rOHHbt
nntr,ttpa-
roTrcff
TaKHMH,
'rro6rt
o6ecneq
HBaJrcfl,
no
xpafinefi
**oa
ua-
r blp
exx
p
u
r"
o:T.
: 1l
u. y*o
fi
u
a
B
o
c rr.r.
r
u rio,i
"p
u
;;;;
o'ilt.n,,u
o
BA)KCH
B
TYP6WWAX
C OTACJIbHO
YCTAHOB/ICHHbIMH
KOJIOHHAMH
cTaTopa.
llo^norflrq'r?
r(arraJr
cn,Hpanruor,
r{aMepbr
HMeer
rxHpH,Hy
B
n/raHe
He
MeHee
BD,
u
6naroAapn
n.6oJrbrrroMy
cyx(eHr4ro
ro
noroKy
o6ecnequBaer
roABoI
BoAbr
x
ryp6nHe
c
HeKo_
ropbrM
ycKopeHHeM.
V
rpynno,"
"yp6ir"
u
noABoAflrrleM
r(a-
H44LYETA'HABJIHBAIOTCq
€AI4H
LIJTW
TB,A
ON.OIFTbIX
6gIqrA;
3AAHflff
KPOMI(A
6NT'IKA
AOJIN(HA
OTCTOflTb
OT
OCH
MAIIIHHbI
Fia
paccTotlH'He
He
MeHb[IIe
rHAMern, r,rTrn\/\I7rrn^h*
K'pO-MOK
KOJIOHH
CTaTOpa.
"^'vJ1r\n\-'Lrri
l'2luAfiblx
Vron
HaI(JIoH,a
o6fasyrouelt
noBepxHocr,
HHx(Hero
Ko-
Hy'ca
cn'paJrbnofi
xameDbr
K
Bepr,r{an,
o6lrq;"
;p;;;irr.r_
cfl
nopfiAr(a
15".
Bo
us6e*aHub
oopaion
a'Hfr,
MeprBbrx
3oH
B
noroKe
repexoA
BHyTpeHHHX
XOny-con
c',Hp
aJrH
K
BepxHeMy
kI
:Hr4XHeMy
Ko/rbqaM
cTaTopa
peKcMeHAyeTCff
BbrrroJIHrTb
c
rarrre,rrbro.
B
HaNHefr
roq*e
.nrpuno"o,i
*u*.pii^f?.*.-
Illaercn
orBoA
B
orcacbrBarorqyrc
rpy6y
Arrfl
ocyueHgfl
cnr.r_
parrw
'rrpH
ocraHoBJreHHOM
U.pe.ui..
'cn"p
arrbHafl
KaMepa
TaK)Ke
cua6xaercfl
Jra'.M
r,nn
ocNIOTpa
pa60vero
KoJreca
(cm:pnc.
Il-19rz
It-t0i.
^
3y6
y
cnupaneli
;
HerroJrHbrM
_yrJroM
oxBara
o6uq'o
pacnoflararoT
lroA
yruroM
cps:4b_90"
or"o.rreJrbiHo
npo.
AOnruoli
oc'
noAB.Aflrqefo
KaHaJra.
flper
cp3:g00
Lr
60nee
1nu>xafirrr'e
r<
sy6y
KorrorrH;;;;;;pu
^ion*"o,
r.rMerb
pas-
r(enecoo6-
r(aMep.
cn'u'AtbHAt
KAME'A
c HEnorrHbr^
y,r,roM
oxBATA
n:nn
yMeHbrx
eHrtr
rrrnpuHbr
6noxa
raApoarperaTa
H
co-
KPAqCHH'I
CTPOITTCJIbHbIX
3ATPAT
I{PYI,HbIC
HHS,KOHA,NOPHbIC
(c
uanopoM
ao
2b
na)
noBoporuononacrHbre
raAporyp6nHu
y'craHaBJrHBa0TCfl
B
6eroHHOfi
,cnnpannnofi
r(aMepe
c
HenoJr-
HbIM yfJioM
o{:_Tu
H
noneperrHbrM
CeqeHr4eM
rpanerleHAaJrb_
Hort
Sopnarr.
fuapaBJrHrrecKHe,
xapar{Tepuc
Tk.KLr
noroKa,
rro-
crylarcuefo
Ha
HafipaBJrArculufi-
unnapu"
n3
cnnpanruori
[1H1"
c
Heno/rHbrM
yf/ro,M
crBara,
Hecxontxo
yxyArua-
fnapaBJrr4qecxHli
pacqer
pa3Mepos
ce,{eHr4fi
TaKHX
cn'-
paJlbHbrx
KaMep,
Tar(
)Ke
Ka,K
u
cniapaJrbHbrx
r(aMep
c
noJr-
HbIM
yruIoM
oxBara'
peKoMeHAyeTcfl
Becr,
Hs
ycJroB'fl
no-
:;?ll:l1i*'T:'l:i.:T:p:jIlt'o
Bcex
..uunii",.l
ci;ffi
npo..y\.r-
:f:"1o"u"uJJ:"
U^.1.o3::tl-
^:"-rp
arr
bHbrx
KaMep
noKa3
arr
,UTgl,,
H?
"?,
*::r :y_ :., f-1.
u
au6
one
e
qen
e
co
o
6
p?
e
;
;
;
p;
r;;
;;,;
nnHeriuyro
saB,crMocrb
nro,qua]i
;;;;;5..ioio""'.H;fi;
HbEreFr{r1
BTopr4qnbrx-FeqeHHfi
s
cnap
anarce
no-
;'';;il;;;o
u
p,.
fl:i1T):^:::iaBrrerH*.
Hani,ieiibiiire
norepr4
o6ecnequ-
Baer
c''Hp
anbHafl
KaMepa,
cerreH'rr
xoropori
i,u.nono*a"r,
,CI{MMCTPHI{HO
OTHOCHTCJIbHO
CPCATTCft
O"h
HANPABJIflIOIqCTO
ail,nap
aT
a.
oAuaxo
ra.afl
KoHcrpyKqrzrr
cn,paJrbHbrx
KaMep
npr4Me-
HflCTCfl
CPABHHTCJIbHO
PCAKO
B
CB'iSIr
C
TPYAHOCTflMI4
BbINOJI.
HeHHfl
ysKofo
6eronHorc
KoHyca,
o6pasyeMoro
uraxrorl
ryp6iansr
u
nepxner?
KorHr{ec
iott'
nouali*nocrbro
cnkrparrur,
yxyAIxeHIleM
4ocryfla
B lrraxry
rr
yBeflr4r{eHHeM
Br]rcorbl
rH-
,4poarperara.
Hrnt.
cer{eHnfl
CtrupanrHoii.KaMepbr
cMerrla]oT
BH[3'
OcraBJrflfl
HesrrcoKHrl
Xeneeo6eronunrfi
n'rnv.
-*&av
uaxrorl
H
Br{yTpeHHelt
noBepxHocrbro
cn,paJrH
,
LrJrH
npHMe_
HffIOT
CnHpaJrbHyro
r(aMepy
c
,nJrocKHM
noToJrKOM.
onrnila,rrr-
rraff
Be/rrqr'rHa
cMeulerrr.rfl
ceqeuuft
cnupanluoli
KaMepbI
orHQqHre4bHo
cepeArzHbr
qanpaBrrnrqulefo
arlapara
Ag4n{-
?00
201
\
a
.o
202
"[ilritrbre
,bopriy rtpoc!r.lfin
H yro,ri yctattoilxri,
i<ar< 5fo
fiORA-
salro Ha
puc.
9-I2.
Kponae
roro,
AJIa
JlyqlrIero
ynopflnolleHnn
noroKa orvr KoJroHi{br
c,rreAyeT
BbI[oJI,FIrrb 6onluefi
AJILIHbI
no noroKy.
H
a ryp6uHax
Bo.uxcxott fOC
HMeHH
XXII
cteg-
aa
KIICC
yron
oxBara cnupaJrH
cocraBJlfler
135". flo
AaH-
HbrM MoAeJrbHbrx ucnblTaHlal"r
O.
O.
fy6uHa, TaKafr
Qopnaa
cnapa.nnHofi
KaMepbl
no3BoJlfler
ytvIeHbIIIHTb
IxHpHIry 6noxa
anperaTa
H
npn rpaBuJrblroM npo$unnponarvrkr
KoJIoHI-I
cra-
Topa
He
npHBoAHT K
cHH)KeHHro
,K.
fi.
A,
ryp6aHlt.
PACqET
HA
NPOqHOTCTb
CNhPAJIbHOIZ
KAME.PbI
H
CTATO'FA
rHAPOTyPE,hHbl
Pacr{er
no
ynpoil{euHofi
cxeMe.
flpu
pacl{ere
onpeneJrrtouruMr4
6yaeu cqnTarb Hanpfl)KeHl'tr
B
KoJIoHHe
crarop a H. B Mecre
conprr)KeHufl
o6nuuosKu
c'ttnp
ailLr
c
KoJIb-
r{oM
craropa.
Harpy,3r{y
ctn4panrnotl
KaMe,pbI
H craropa
or
BrryrpeHHero
AaBJreHHf
npH
3aKpbrroM
HanpaB/rfl
rorqeM aII-
Ft,
napare
6yAevr
noJraraTb
oce-
cHMMerpuqsor?.
llpu
pacqere
Meu6paHHbrx Harrpr)Kesufi
o6onouxy
cnupa,nnHofi
KaMe-
pu
6yaeM
paccMarpr{Barb
KaK
rop
6o.nluoro
paAuy,ca;
ilpr4
pacrrere
KpaeBoro eQ$exra
-
KaK
TOHKOCTeT-IHyro KOHr.rqe-
cKyro o6onouxy, o6"uaAarc-
Kocrbro. Paenrepu
ceqeH[rrr
KOJrbrIa cTaTopa
cqHTaeM
Ma-
3/lccb
p:(1,3+1,5)
T@*rAH)
-AaBrrerrr.re
B
,cnHpanurofi
KAMCPC;
AH
-
TIOBbIIIICHI{C
AABJIEI-IHfl
B
CIIHPAilH
OT
rH-
ApaBJrHrrecKoro
yAapa;
o
-
paccror{HHe
rIeHTpa
BXoAHOTO
ceqeHnr
cilHpailw
or
ocu
ryp6nuu;
rz-
paAuyc
oKpyx(Ho-
crK
pac'rroJro>KeHHf
JronaroK
_HaflpaBJrfltorqero
annapara;
?cr
-
qucilo
r(oJroHH
cTaropa;
FA-
oceBoe
.ycuilHe
Ha-noA-
flrrrrjHl(
(yuurrrrnaercfl
B
cJryqa.e
pacnoJloN(eHHfl
onopbl
nH-
rbr Ha KpbrrxKe
ryp6rzuu)_;
A",
-
nJrorrlaAb
nonepeqHoro
cer{eFrr4fl KoJroHHbr
craropa
,[npeHe6pexr.rnro
MaJrafl
no
cpa,B-
HeHurro
c
(or-|)lzul;
6)
rrarpysKa
or
AaBJreHr.ifl
BoAbr
Ha
BepxHee
KoJrbrlo Ha-
npaBJlflIorqero
annap
ara
H KpbrrlKy
ryp6uuu,
[epeAaBaeMaff
ro
or(py)KHocrH
6onros
S"uaHqeeoro
coeAHHeHHfl
BepxHero
r{o/rbrla
HalpaBJrfroulefo
anlapara
H
craropa:
F
o:
pn
(r2o-
f)
-
F
ei
'?L
3Aecb
rp
-'-
paAlryc
pacnoJlo>KeHHff
ynJlorHHTeJrbrHoro
rrrHypa.
B
sTOM
ypaBHeHHH
FA
TaK>Ke yqHTbrBaeTcfl
ToJrbKO
rrpH
),,'cralroBKe
oropbr
nflrbr
Ha rdpbrrrrKe
ryp6nHu;
_
a) Harpysr{a
B
o6o,noqr(e
cnr4pa.nuHou KaMepbr
or MeM-
6p
auHsrx
Ha'npflx<eHuir
F"n:
P
n[(a,
--r|l
-
VB
-
rL)l
*
2",A",
(r2-6)
;
(tz-T)
COS
do
Puc. l2-7.
Cxenaa cHrI,
Aertcr-
JIbIMH IIo
cpaBHeHHIo
c ero
ByIoutHX Ha BepxHee
Kortbl{o
cra-
CpeAHHM
AI{aMeTpOM;
KOJIOHH6I
ropa.
CTaTOpa nOJIaraeM <<pa3MagaH-
HbrMr{>>
no
KoJrbrly.
Aeficrsue
coceAHdx
gJreMeHToB
Ha KoJrbr{o
cTaTopa
3aMeHrreM
pa1nailb-
HOft
nepepe3brBanrqer:r
cu.nofi
frt
vt MoMeHToM frli,
pacrpeAe-
JIeHFrbrr\,rH
no nepuMeTpy
coeAnKeldufl,
Ko3brpbKa
KoJrbr{a cTa-
Topa
c o6ono,{xofi
cnupantsofi
KaMepbr.
Ko.ntqo
craropa
pac-
cMaTpI{BaeM Br{ecTe
c
BepxHHI\{r.I
qacTffNlr{
KoJroHH,
oTpe3aH-
HbIMH Ha
ypoBHe
cpe4nefi
rrHHuLt HarrpaBJrffroulero
annapa-
ra.
HarpysKr4,
leficrnyorr{He
Ha
r{oJrbrro
craropa
(puc
.
l2-7)
:
a)
ycLIJrHe
BAoJrb
oca
KoJtoHHbr
onpeAeJrrreM
no
$opnayne
F.*:
on
(
o';'2
-
A",)
"!;
(
n-5)
\zcr/zcx\
3Aecb
f
o
-
paLuyc
I{o3blpbKa
craropa; oo
-
yroJr
MeX(Ay
i(acare"ryr'lloft
K MeppIAlIorIa,rtbHoru)/
cerreHtrro
o6o;loqxii
ciiti-
paJrw
H
BeprnKaJrbro
(crur.
puc.
l2-T)
ilsa
ro'cJreAHr{x
qJreFra
B
qucrHrefle
ypaBHeHnrr
(12-T)
yLrHTbrBaIoT
B/IHflHHe
.rlaB,neHHfl
p
rJa BHyrpeHHIoIo
H3orHy-
Tyro noBepxHocTb
Ko/req
cTaTopa;
r)
pa!.uailb:.{afr
rr{arpy3}(a
or
Br-ryrper{Hero
AaBJreH,r4fl
Bo-
AU,
AelicrByrouero
B
3a30pe
Me>KAy
BeprHKa.nlHoft
creuxoft
craropHofo
KoJrbrra
H,BepxHHM
KOJrbrrOM
HanpaBJlflrorqero
annap
ara;
.u,aBJreHHe
4erlcrnyer
Ha
yrracrKe
MelKAy
noroJr-
lOM
HanpaBJraro[Iefo
anrapara
v
rxHypoM
ynJroTHeHHR
(yuacro,K
bo
Ha
pr{c.
l2-7):
Fr:2nrpbpp.
(
r 2-8)
Bce BbrrrreynoMflHyrbre
BHeurHHe
Hanpy3Kn
co3-
{anr
crrpyrlsnaroulrrri
MoMeHT
B
CeqeHpt[r
r(oJrbua.
cne.
203
AOBa'TeJrbHo,
BepxHee
KodTbrlo
cTaTopa
Bo,cIIpHHHMaeT
TaK]Ke:
-A)
cKpyl{HBaloulnfi
Mor{eHT
B
ceqeHHH
or
pacnpeA€JreH:
lofi
nepepe3Hearoqeri
cHJrbr
frt
H
pacnpeAeJreHHoro
r{3fr.r-
6arouero
MoMeHTa trlt
s
Mecre
coeAHHe
inn
o6onoqxu
cnl-
palrr4
u
r{o3brpbKa
BepxHefo
KoJrbr{a
cTaTopa
cym,uapHlrH
MoMeHT
yKa3aHr{brx
cHJr
orHocureJlbHo
ueH-
Tpa
rflx(e;cTr4
nonepeqHoro
ceqeHHf
KoJrbrra
craropa
M
:
*e
F",,l"n-
Frlr-]
zorF"/o
*
*
F
o
I
o
*
2nro
(m;
-
frtlr)|.
3nas
Ha,npflx{eHHfl
ctn
H
'6u,
no BaKoHy
fyxa
HaxoAHM
paL4alrbHoe
cMerrleHHe
o6o.no.r,xH
B
MeCTe
CorrpflX(eHHfl
O6O-
florrKu
CTrHpailv
C
KOJrbtlOM
CTaTOpa
n
ttv:
ffi,[a(l
-,2m)-
R
(1-ru)
cosao];
(12-15)
sAecb
m
-
xoeQ$uqueHr
flyaccoua
(r.ns
craJrn
rn-0,3)
.
PasHocrl
parvailbHbrx
Ae$opuauuu
BepxHero
KoJrbrla
craropa
H o6ono,rxn
cnupa,nsuoft
KaMepbr
(puc.
l2-8,a)
paBHa:
t):
I)7-Lt;y.
(
12-
16)
flo ycJroBnro
cosMecrHocrh
4e$oprvraqrafi
pasHocrb
cMe-
u{eHnli
o60noqxH
cnHp
ailn
H
r(oJrbua
craropa BbrsbrBaeT
no-
tlBlleHrae
MoMeHTa
ffh
Ha
KpoMKe
r{o/rbr{a
craropa
(r:rs).
Przc.
l2-8.
K
pacqery
crrHpaJrbr,roi.i
xarvrepr,l rr
craTopa.
a
-
AedopMaquff
c,nupa.ntuofi
KaMepbt
npg
MoAenupoBanur
ee B
BHAe
ropa;
6
_
onpeAene.Hne
ycuanft
B KoJroHHe
craropa.
Ecnvt
yr{HTbrBaru
6o,nrruyro
r4srra6nyro
)KecrKocrb
npaMbrKaro-
ueri
K
craropy
KoHr{qecxort
qacru
o6o"uoqxH
cnnp ailv, Mox(-
HO
C
r,OcTaroq'goft
creneHblo
Toqrrocrr4
nprrHr{Tb,
qro
o6o-
JroqKa
cnHpailH
14
KoJrbrlo
cTaropa
ilepexoAflr
Apyr
B
Apyfa
B_ MepHAUOHanrUOri
nJrocKocrH
6es
npoAoJrbHoro
usrtt6a,
VIcxoIn
Hg
gToro,
nroxHo
JIerKo
trpe,r,craBnTb,
rrTo
KacaTeJrb-
Hafl
K
TOrrKe
cIIH,paJIH
B
MecTe
ee
coeAHHeH,Hfi
,c
,nepxuul,t
KOJIbIIOM
CTATOPA
B
CBfsH
C
KPYqCHHCM
KOJIbIIA
6YACI
AO-
noJIHL,TTeJIbHO'noBopaquBaTbcfl
B
MepI{AH'OUanrHofi
nJrocKo:
BrH
Ha
yfoJr
X,
oilpeAe/rseusrrl
ypaBHeHHeM
(lp-tl).
Ifo*
205
Mt:2nro(mi-f
,ilrt). (t2-e)
(12-10)
(i2-i3)
llpz
noJrflpHoM
MoMeHTe
HHepr{r4rn
ceqeHuir
KoJrbrla
l
KoJrbr{o
craro-pa
noA
Aer:rcrBrjeM
vKaBaHHoro
cKpyuuBarcqe_
ro
MoMeHra
M
cxpyr{HBaerc
fl
Ha
yroJr
(12-l
l)
rAe
fs-
paAHyc
qeHTpa
Tflx(ecrH
no[epeqHofo
cerreHHf
KOJrbrla.
cyvrrvrap'Har{
paAr{aJrbHarr
HarpysKa
B
ceqeHur{ BepxHero
KOJIbIIA
CTATOPA
ZFr:2nrobop
*n(a,
-
ri)
ptg,
d,o-2nrofr;
(
lZ-12)
6)
a)
rAe
/s
-
nJIOUIaAb
[oneperrHorO
ceqeHHq
Koflbrla.
B
cna6ousoruyroli
ropoo6pasHofi
o6onoqxe
c
paAnycoM
TOpa
a, paAHycoM
CerreHr4
fl
R
,h
ronruusoli
creuxn h-
non
reficrszei\a
BHyrpeHHeno
AaBilel,Hfl
p
BosHHKaroT
vreu6paH-
Hbre
Hanpfl>KeHHrr
B MepHrvroHailbFroM
H
OKpyX(HOM
HanpaB-
JIeHHsx.
B
roqKe,
coorBercrsyrcqeft
lciuxy
o6o"rroqrn
c
KoJrbrIoM
,CTaTOpil,
3TH
HanpflxeHr{fl
paBHbr:
R
pR(a*ro)
urn'-
2
,
(t2-t4)
pR
Ou:
T
1
204
cKoJrbKy
trtt
kt
frr
npe[craBJrfror co6orl
paBHoBecHyro
cl4cre-
My Ha
Kpalo
o6orouxu,
ilo
X.
I-er<xenepy
[93]
LJTI
roHKo-
creHHofn
o6onoqxn
'cfl]rpaaH
Mox(Ho npHHfrb,
qro
BoSHLI-
KaIoIqHe
rrpu
aroM
usrla6HHe
HaIIpfl)KeIIHs_ 6rtcrpo Barl{xa-
IOT
C
yAaAeHHeM
OT
KO"lrbIIa
CTarOpa.
I4'cxoLn
H3
sTofo
npeAnoJIolKeHLIfl,
Mo)KI-lo BbIBecrH
"nuHeuuyro
3aBllcI4MocTb
;.Jrn
qerblpex
I(oMnoHeIIroB Harpy3oK ti
4eQopnaaqnri
trli,
frt,
u H'
X:
fri:nnlnryf{ry++],
(t2-17)
fAe
flpn,ueuarerrbHo,
rrro
no
ypaBHeHHflM (12-12)-(12-16)
BeJIHqHHa
u BaBv,cHT
or
'frt,
a no
ypaBHeHLrrM (12-10)
,rl
(12-ll)
Beflr.rr{HHa
X
saBacvrr or
fri
14
t't't.;,
B
cBrBH
c
rreM
ypaBHeHHr
(12-17)
Mo>Klro
paccMarpzBarb
KaK
czcreMy
Jnr-
uefin_nx
ypasHeHnrt
orrrocuTeJrbHo
AByx
Hen3Becrr{brx
frn
H
fili.
Ecnu
yqecrb,
rrro
KoJrbrla
craropa B
Hacroflrrlee BpeMfl
Bblrrtc,KBroTcfl
c
or{eHb
6ontuoft
uenra6Hoft x(ecfKocTbro,
He
cJIeAyeT
y/{HBJrfTbcfl,
ec/rH
B
pe3yJrbrare
pacqeTa
noflyr{r4T-
I4cxo4n
r43 Bbrrrrea3Jrox(eHHoro,
AJrrr
ynpoueHHfl pacqera
BJIHflHHeM
'[ri
14
f/L;
Ha
X
H U
MOX(HO npeHeopeUn.
I
OrAa
c
yqeroM
ypanHenuli
(12-l
l) Lr (12-16)
HanprlKeHrln
B
Me-
cre
coeAziieHrr o6o.iroqrlr
c'rrrpalrkr
c
KoJrbqoM
craropa
Mox{Ho
orrpeAeJrurb
no
Sopvrynam
(m:0,3):
(r2-lB)
(r2-le)
6nm-+_-gE
0,605
ft+x{
'.
g0
cos
fs
6uu:
E
+sin
aoX
|
0,34^.
Be.rynquuoit
X
B
ornx
ypaBHeFrr{-rrx
Mc>KHo,
noo6ule
FoBo-
pr,
npeHe6peur.
BuurenpuseAeHHtrri
pacqer
Mo)r(Ho
rrpo,BecrH
npu
ycJro-
BHH,
rITO
HE,M
I4SBeCTHO
IIJIeTIO
le
JMHktkt
.4eficrgHg
paBHo-
4eft'crnyrorqelt
ycunuiz
BAoJrb
KoJroHHbr
craropa
Fcr,
-a
raK-
)Ke
B npeAnoJroll{eHHH
X:0,
o3HaqarcHeM,
qro
cerleH,Llfl
BepxHero
H HH)K.Hero
KoJrerr
craropa
npu
Ae$opMar.r,ktw
cMe-
206
utai6icn
tonLxo
napaJl/leJIbIlo
caMI'lM
ce6e
6es
neqeKpyqH'
u'u"rr.
BcleAcrnlte
BeprhKanlsoli
aeQopn,tauI4H
o6oux
Ko-
Jrerl
CTaTOpa
Ha
Hel{oTopyrc
BeJIllqHHy'W
BOJIOI{HO
KoJIoHHbI
cT,aropa
AnuHoil
b
nonyunr
orHocllTeJlbHoe'ilpl4paIIleH'?Ie
lr"r"ii
\Y/
lb.
Ecnu
npeAroJlolKllrb,
r{ro
K.JI.HHa
craropa
LIMeeToAHoMepHoeHaIIpfl)KeFIHoecocTofHHe'MoX(Ho3aIIu.
caTb:
w'-
(12-20)
fF:
(t2-21)
3Aecb
,L,u
-
TOJIIII4Ha
Cer{eHHtI
CTaTOpHOft
KOflOHHbI
B
OKpyX{-
HoM
Hanip&BJIeHH
v
Ha
paAnyce
r
(crlr'
puc'
12-8'6);
b
-
srt'
cora
KOJIOHHbI
Ha
sroM
paAHyce'
I,IHrerpaJI,
BXoAsurHIl
B
rpeAblAyu{ee
ypaBHeHI4e'
Haxo-
nrTcfl.
rpa$nuecK'HM
nocrpoeHueM'
_--.----- -
.
tr4s
y'cnoBr.rfl
paBHOBeCr,r.q
oilpeleJlflel,I
paAuyc
JII'IHHH AeH-
crBr,rrr
paBFroAeribrnyroufeft
ycu,riuri
BAoJIb
KoJIoHHbI
cTaTopa
(
rLu
F",\7
dr
U
A
npfl)KeH'Vn
6y]4yr
HMerb
Mecro
B caMbIX
KOJIOHHbI
CTaropa
,V
-H
vc'r.uaxc-
b*r*"'
Ec.nu
c
onpeAeneuuoft
cTeneHblo
npu6,nuxe:Hvfr'
npI'IH
Tb'
rrro
yrofl
noBopora
X,
KoropblM
MbI
n'o
cHx
nop
ilpeHe6pe-
ralrkr,
6AHHaKOB
y
BCex
x'IepHAHOHaJIbHbIX
ceqeHl{il
BepxHe-
ro
fl
HHx(Hero
KOJIeq
cTaTopa'
TO
B
3TOM
CAyqae
TopIlbI
Ko-
JroHHbr
cTaTOpa,
vcTaHOBJIeHHOIi
IIOA
yrJIoM
ocr
K
oKpy)K-
HOCTH,
OKaX(yTCff-He
fiapaJIJIeJIbHbIMI4'
a
6ynyt
HaKJIOHeHbI
Apyr
K
APyry
rIoA
yrJIoM
2X
cos
o.*'
B
p$yJlbrare
erofo
B
KSJIOHHg
BS3HI4KHyT AO1OJIHHTeJIbHbIS
Hgrn6Hlte
Ha'npg-
}KCHH'I
KOpOTKHX
(r2-22)
(
12-23)
207
6crb:
Y}Xcos
dcr
+
#
E,
fA€
e
-
MaKcuMa.rrlHOe
vaaneHHe
BOfiOKHa
Ot
HelttpanrHou
OCH
I{OJIOHHbI;
DCP
CPC,U.Hqq
AJI}IFIA
BOJIOI(OII
KOJIOHH
CTA.
ropa.
B
ornnqfle
or
HeMerIKHx
KoHcrpyKTopos
T. Eose
t
np.A-
/I
A
f A
CT
NP
H
M
C[Ifl
Tb
KOH
CTP
YKIIHI4
CT
A
TOP
O-N,
O
6
CC,NCq
H B
A
IOUII4C
orlp€AeJle]{Hyro
rro1arilHBocrb
r{oJrer{
craropa
npg
HBru6e.
rteAocrarKH.ynporqeuuofi
cxeM
br
p
a
cr{ e
ra.
PaccqnraHHbre
ro
Qopvry.'raM_
(
l2-li)
-i
tfi-Tgi
"unp"*.-
HLIfl
B
r\4ecre
coeAHHeHHf
O60no.rxn
cnr{p
ailH
C
XOnrqo,
craropa
orflHrlaloTcff
or
FIaTypFIbIX
B
cBa3H
c
reM,
qro
npu
pacqeTe
no ynpouleHuorl
cxeMe
He yqr4TbrBaercrr
pflA
o6crofl_
TC/IbCTB:
a) y
KpynHora6a,pHru'x
crr,paJrbFrbrx
KaMep,
oco6eu'o
BbI[oJIHeHHbIx
Hg
BblcoKonporIHblx
cta"nefi,
4onycxarcu{Hx
rr
oB
br
rrre'H
r4e
p
a crr
erH
brx
H a npfl
xeu
ur)r,
4e
Q
op tr
aL\H'r4
O 6 On
Oq
_
riH
CYIqCCT'BCHHO
NOBbIII]AIOTCfl
II
CTAHOBflTCfl
CONOCTABHMbI.
MLl
C TO/ruIHHOfi
O60JrorrKv
H
pa3MepaMH
nonepeqHoro
ceqe-
H'if
KorIbIIa.
Kar
rroKa3arrg
B.
@nrcrre
H C.'
.{t
[gg],-
npu
yrreTe
60"nruux
Aeo'puaqufi
cna60usorHyrofo
ropa
noJiy-
qaloTcr
pe3yJlbTarbl,
cyuecrBeHHo
pacxoArrr{Hecr
c Berru-
ttwHaMn,
IIoily.qaeMbrNrH
ilo
ypaBHeFrr4flM
(12-14),
B
eroft
xe
pa6ore
raxxe
noKa3aHo,
qro
B
AaHHoM
cJlyqae
,ou
M€Hfercf
ro
[epHMerpy
nonepeqHofo
ceqeHr4fl;
.
O,|
NO|PCIXHOCTH
I,I3IOTOBJICH}Ifl
I,I CBfl3AHHbIC
C
3THM
AC-
Soprur
ar\HH
Mepr.rArdoHaJrbHoro
cerreHrrr
cnupanrnoli
KaMepbr
BbI3bIBarOT
rroflBJteHHe
Hanptx(eHHfi
e o6onoqxe.
KoroDble
r,Iox(Ho
npulnulKeHFro
oqenart
no
Sopivry,rre
,[3]BJ'
-----r
t^_
lpRRo
/
I
R\
r"--F
\cos%
-
o
),
Ro:*(R*:o-R*:r");
(t2-24)
(t2-25)
F TTA
n)
cnnpaJrbHafl
KaMepa
rzAporyp6zHbr
B
4eficrnzreJrbHo_
crH
He
flBJIflercfl
IIOJIHbIM
TopoM,
H
ee I(poMI{r.I,
,npHMbrKaIo-
IIIHe
K
Ko/rbuaM
CTarOpa,
Mofyr
ceo60AHO
nepeMeu{arbcf.
B
.Pu6ote
L3I2l
noxasaHo,
r{ro
HarpflxeHrdfi
B
ropoo6pas-
nofi
oSonoure,
uiuercuelir
paspes
rro
nuyrpeuuefi
iop"solr-
ranrnofr
o6pasyroqefi,
eHat{Hre,rrbHo
oTflr,rqaroTcr
or
rJanps-
xeunfi
B
cnnoruuofi
ropoo6paeHorl
o6onovxe;
t
Bovet
rh.
calcul
de
la
resistance
mechanique
des
baches
spira-
les
de
'turbines
_Fran-cis
a
haute
chuie.
-
ocr,r]*,irGrl
jiioo,nution,
Techniques>
7(19,b,8),
S.
lg.
208
r)
YnPoueHHar
pa'c,Q€itlas
exeMa
iie
yuhrbtBaet
BJrtirtiii,lfr
r.ra
Harrprrlr{eHHoe
cocrofHHe
c,nupa.nluofi
KaMepbr
npHcoeAH-
rdeHHoro
x
Heii
rpy6onpoBoAa.
B,{Hsxoe
coorBercrBue
ycJro-
BHrM
3aBoAcxtrx
Hcnbr"ta:g,uft
Ha
RHyrpeHHee
AaBJIeuHe
HMeeT
)t^t:I?_y
arlHpaJIbHbIX
KaMep'
coeAHHeHHbIX
,c
HanopHbIM
Tpy-
oorlpoBoAgM
nocpeAcrBoM
KoMneHcaropa,
uso6paxeHHoro
lia pHc.
l2-4.
B
ocraJrbHbrx
cflyrranx
o6bJroqKa
cnnpannuofi
KaMepbr
oKa3brBaercfl
Harpyx{eHHOfi
cHilaMkr,
cBfSaHHbrMH
c reMneparyprrbruu
4eQopMar{HrrrrrH
rpy60npoBoA
a,
B
CBfl3H
c
qeM
Harrpfl)KeFrHf
B FrarypHoft
c,nnpa,nlr
cyqecrBeHHo
OT-
JrHqarorcfl
or
Hanprrxehuft,
3aMepffeMbrx
B xoAe
3aBoAcKHX
ucnarcauuft;
A)
npH
3aBoAcKprx
Hcrrbrrarrunx
fepMernsaqHff
crrr4paJru
H
CTATOPA
NPOH3BOAHTCfl
CICIIHAJIbHbIM
UHJIHHAPU'ICCXTIN,I
SarBopoM'
ycraHaBrIHBaeMbIM
sa KoJIoHHaMH
craropa
HJ|H
ga
JrorrarKar\{H
HanpaBJrflrorqero
annap
ara.
B
cnssH
c STHM
BCJIHqHHA
U IIHHHfl
ACfiCTNUg
YCWNUft
B KO/IOHHC
CTATOPA,
olpeAe/IfleMble
B
XOAe
uexoBbrx
HcnbrraHnli,
He
6yayr
cooT-
BeTCTBOBaTb
HaTypHbrM
ycJroBHflM;
e)
cBapHafl
cnr4paJrbi{aff
KaMepa
HSforaBJrHBaeTCff
krg
I(oHHqecKI'Ix
3BeHbeB'
B
pesyabTaTe
qero
MepIzAHoHaJIbHbre
CCI{CHHfl
CNI{PAJIH
'IBJI'IIOTCfl
KPYTJIbIMH
TO/IbKO
B MCCTAX
pacnoJrolKeHHf
CBapHbrx
rrrBoB.
B
pa6ore
Mafiepa_M,ura
I
noKa3aHo'
qro
HanpflN(eHI4fl
B
3JIJIHIITIIT{ecKux
ceqe}IHflx
oKa3bIBaIOTCfl
.3HarrHTeJrbHo
Bbrrrre,
rreM
B KpyrJIblx.
Ecnu
paccMaTp,Barb
oAHo
3BeHo
cn,pa,rruori
KaMepbr
KaK
gJreMeHr
rlnJrnHApu,{ecxoli
o6onoqru
c
yruroM
Me)KAy
ToprIeBblMH
noBepxHocrflMh
0',
To
AotIoJIHHTeJIbHbte
Hanpfl-
;'l(errfirr
usrn6a
n
nepxHefi
TOqKe
MepHAr.roHaJrbHoro
cer{eHr4fl
Tal{ofo
sJIeMeHr2
Mnx{Hn 6yAer
onpeAeJI}rrb
no
ftopivry,r:e
-
cos
(t2-26)
He
6o"rree
flo
srort
nprrrraHe
yroJr r)
o6lrquo
15";
$1
T).
nu6zparcr
' ^ R2/
r'um-6p+(l
,r\
x)
KoJroHHbr
craropa, pa,c[oJro)KeFrHbre
B pa3Hbrx
MepH-
Ar40HaJrbHbrx nJrocKocrffx
npoTHB
Ceqeuarl
cnrapa"rrlHorl
raue-
pbl
C
pasIIbrMH
paAHyCaMH,
BocnpHr-rHMaroT
pa3Hbre
Harpys_
KH
14
NCNbITbIBAIOT
HCOAHHAKOBbIC
OTHOCHTEJIbHbIC
VANIITTC.
,_l!^:
rrro
npfiBoAHr
K
HeN(efiareJrbHbrna
aeQopnnaquann
Bepx-
Hero
KoJrbua
HanpaBJrflrorqero
annapara
H r{pbrrrrKH
npn
.t
Muyer--Mita
R.
Die
Berechnung
drinnwandiger,
ovarer
(im
be.
sond_eren
e'llip'tischer)
^
Rohren
g.gun-
ei.ilhioirnig'u;' Nor,n;ralulr..
_
<<VDI-Z.>.
58(lgl,4),'S.
649.
-
o
l4-721
209
eiiefi.fiVata(Hn
ryp6zHrr.
iloeron,ry ronduubi
ctaropa
c.frd1!-
er, crporo
roBopfl,
n,poel(TupoBarb
c
pastrofi
ToJIIrrHHofi
npo'
$nna,
qro6u
cpeAHlle
HaIIpfl)KeHLIf
pagTflx(eHl4fl
B
KoJIOH-
'
Hax 6rt.nu
paBHbI
MexAy co6ofi.
HAnipABI nPol.].J]/ln
AnnAPAT h
MEXAHIh3M
nO'BO'POTA
JIO'l-'IATOK
Hanpannsrculnii
annapar
npeAHa3Haqaercn
AJIfl
co3Aa-
HHf
Heo6xoAl.tiuoir
no
ycJloBuflvr
pa6oru ryp6uHbl
3aKpyrKI'I
noroKa
lra BXoAe
B
pa6oqee xoneco,
peryJlPIpouaHufl'
pacxo-
ra
BoAbr
qepes
ryp6uHy,
Ba,nupaHurt
typ6raHu
14 (y
o6pa'
Tr4Mbrx
ru.qpoMaruuH)
AJIfl
or,BoAa BoAbI
or
pa6ouero KoJIe'ca
npn
pa6ore
B HacocHoM
pex(I{Me.
-
KoHcrpyKrHBHoe
HcnoJIHeHI'Ie.
Ees HanpaB-
Jrflou{ero
a,nnapara
BbInoJIHflIOrCfl
TOJIbKO
TaKHe
nl{ApoTyp-
6untt,
KoTopble
AoIIycKarcT
peryJlapoBaHlae
pa'Cxo4a I{3Me-
HeHHeM
noJIOx(eHHf
nonacteli
pa6OuerO
KOJIeCa.
B TaKHX
ryp6nuax BoAa
nocrynaer
K
pa6oueuy KoJIecy_us
BepxHero
6neQa
o6ltqno c
oqeHb
MaJIoIi
eaxpyrxofi.
(B
raKl'lx
ryp-
6nvaX
Ha
BCeX
pe)KHMaX, KpOMe OnTI4MaJIbHOTO,
HMeeT
MeCTO
Brrxpb sa
pa6orIHM
Koilecou.)
Hanpan.[qrcqgfi
a.[ilapaT c
Heg9ABHX(HbIMLI
JIonaTKaMu
flpr{MeHfercfl
ToJIbKo
Ha
ue6onluux
IIoBopoTHoJIonacTHbIx
ryp6uH
ax
H
Ha
o6paruublx
Av
arorlaJIbHbIx
rHApoMaIIIItHax'
Jrofla,cTl,l
Koropblx
npn
ycTaHoBKe
B
3aKpblToe
noJlox(eHHe
noJlHocTbto
nepel(pblBaloT
paCxoA
r{epe3
pa6Ouee
KOJIeCo.
B
rrocJIeAHeM
.cJlyqae
peryllnpoBaHIEe
sa,KpyTKI4
noroKa
n
ryp6uHHoM
14
HacocHoM
pex(HMax ocyuecrBrflercq
B
He'
6onrruux
npeAeJlax
IIoBopoTHbIMH
saKpbIJIKaMI4
cTaTopa.
TJo-^oo--r'rrrrrrtgr 4rrr,rrar\q,r. /r rrrtprtnn'rHr-r]\/rTt rrn,rTarT{t:|l/,vI vI
rIcr'IrPcIDJLlT.L\Jt\rrrL
Crrlrrqyqr v
rrvuvrv
Lrrv,tf^'r
TaK
HasblBaeMbIM
BHyTpeHHHM
peryJIHpoBaHHeM
(n,texauustvt
noBopoTa
pacnoJlaraeTcf
B
no4e)
npHMeHfleTCff
IICKJIIOTIH'
TeJrbHo
Ha
Hfl3KoHaIIopHbIx
ryp6I4Hax
MaJIbIx
pa3MepoB Lr
MOI{HOcTH,
yCTaHa,BJIHBaeMbIX B OTKpbIToli
CnnpaAbHOIi
Ka'
Mepe.
Cxeua
raKoro
HallpaBlfltoulero
annapaTa
noKasaHa
Ha
pHc.
9-l
l.
.IIo,n
aTtkr HanpaBJIf
IoIIIero annapaTa
BbInOJIHflIoTcfl
IIH'
TbIMH
Lts
rlyryHa.
flp'n
pa6ore
ryp6I{HbI
oHH
'rloBopaqnBalor'
cfl
BoKpyr
6oJIToB,
coeALIHfloIquX
BepXHee
I{
HHx(Heee
KoJIb'
qa
HanpaBJlflrolqero
anilapara.
flpuno4
JIoIIaToK
ocyulecT'
BJIflerCfl
qr
noBoporHoro
peryJlHpYloqero
KoJIbqa,
ycraHoB-
JTeHHOTO Ha
HHIKHeM
KOJIbIIe HanpaBJIflIOUIerO
anilapaTa
H
noflyr{arcuero
BpaIIIeHI4e
Or
pery/IHpytoqefo
Baila
qepe3
oAHy
HnH
ABe
Tflrl.l.
,Tonarxn coeAI4HfIOrCf
C
peryJlppytg-
2t0
tr{HM
r(oJIbIIoM
c noMou{bro
ceper.
IIpru
paAI.laJIbHoM
noABo-
Ae
noroKa
K
IIanpaBfltttouleMy
annapary
UeJlecoo6paatto
npHMeFrflTb
JIonaTKH
acHMMeTpl.rulroro
nposl4/If,
pacnoJla-
ran
Hx
BbInyKJIoll
cTopoHoll
K
ocn
ryp6nltlr.
flpeuivryqecT-
BoM
TaKoli
roucrpyKuulr
rrBJrrrercfl
AelxeBi{siia
H3roroBJIeHHfl
H,
gKcnJryaTaUH14
(n
qarcTI{ocTH,
oTcyTcTBHe
I{eo6XoAlIMocTH
B
CMa3Ke
IIIapHHpOB
HallpaB/iflIouero
anna[tara).
Aaen
A
Ync.
l2-9:
Koncrpyxuun
nepxHert
rlanQur
JronarKn
Ha-
npaBJrrrrolqero annapaTa c Ha-
pylKHbrM pefyJrHpoBaHLIeM.
/
--.
paspusHofi
6olr;
2
-
creu-
rrafl o6JrttuoBxa.
HeAoctatxH
l(oHcrpyKt\krw:
orpaHHqelJHe
yAeJIbHbIx
AaB-
net-tHfi
IIa BTyJIKH
JIottaToK
(Ao B0
xrc/cll2),
yBeJII'ttleHHafl
TOJTTTIHHa
nposHJlsl
JIOIIaTOK
H3-3a
UeO6XOAHMOCTH
pa3Me-
rrI.eHHfl
BHyTpI4
TeJIa JIO,II?TKH
6OfltOU,
COeAI',IHHTOUIHX
BepX-
Hee
H Hr.rlKHee
.
KOJIbIIa
HaIIpaBJIflIOUIefO
allnapaTa.
Han'p
aeflqrculzfi
annap ar
,c
'IIoBoporHbIMI4
JIonarKaMH
H BHeIIHHM
peryJlHpoBaHHeM
(MexaHH3M noBopoTa
JIonaToK
BbIHeceH
H3
noTOKa)
HauIeJI
uan6o.nee
ulIpOKOe
nirlt'ueUe-
HVe B
rr{Aporyp6ocrpoeTvkl.
I(oucrpyKuHfl raKoro
FlanpaB-
Jrflroulefo
annapara
noKa3alla
Ha
pHc.
l2-9-
V
ryp6un
MaJIoro
pasMe,pa
pefyJlHpytouee
KoJIbI1o
npH-
BOAHTCfl
B
ABHX(eHHe
C
noMoulblo
AByX
HaKJIOHHbIX
Apyr
K
Apyry
Tflf,
,IIOBOpar{HBaeMblx
oAHHM
nOBOpoTHblM
BaJIOM
(puc.
12-10)
;.Ha
ryp6nuax
6onnunx
pa3MepoB
peryrlLlpylo-
trlee
KoJrbuo
cHa6>Kaercfi
AByMfl
kt
6O'nee
cepBoMoropaMH.
Arq
n,pI4BOAa
peryJlupyloqero
XoJIbIIa
npIIMeHffIoTcf
oAI{=
HapHbIe
(crnr.
puc. 9-14)
H
cABoeHHbIe
(puc. l2'll)
cepno-
Moropbr,
OgzHapHble cepBoMoropbl
ycTaHaBJIHBanrcfi B
cre-
14*
?ll
Pzc. l2-10.
Cxema
Harpy3oK
u nsru6arouux
MOMeHTOB
B
peryaupyrouleM
Konbue
c
npr.lBo_
AoM
or
AByx
HenapaJrJreJrbHbrx
mr
(A
u'
B
-
orpaHHrrHTeJrrr paAnaJrbHbrx
nepeueuleuaif
KoJlbqa n
onope).
r.IHaJrbHbrx HHrrrax HrrH
rja
6eroHsoft
ofiope
arpefara
nkr6o
Kpe[flTcrr
roprloM
HenocpeAcrneHHo
K
MeraJrJrnqecKorl
o6nu-
uoBKe
rrraxrbr
ryp6,r.rHbr.
CAsoeHHbre
cepBoMoropbr
ycraHaB-
JrHBaroTcfl Ha KpbrrrrKe
ryp6r4Hbr
HJrrl
Kpenfrcfl
K
onope
rrn 7T n
qTlf
ura a
Ltv/4trtL
I
rlarl\q.
B
gagnckrMocrn
or
Ha'rrpaBJreHHfl
noroKa
B
HanpaBJrflro-
uey
annapare
pasJr.r4r{aror
oceBort
(cu.
pHc.
9-9), paAHaJrb-
nbrrf (cvr.
pHc.
9-10)
H
palaanrbno-ocenoli
Hanpannrrctlnfi
au,rapar
(uur. pHc.
9-7).
Hanpa,ulflIolrlue
Jro[arKH
y
H?r3KoHarropHbrx
ryp
6us wa-
Jrono
AHaMerpa
HSfol"aBJrHBarcTCf,
H3
rryfyHa.
flpn
6ontuux
Hafpy3r(
ax
Arrn
H3foroB/r
elHkrtr HanpaBJrfl
rorrlr4x
JronaroK
npH-
MeHflFoT
cnerlnaJrbHyro 6ponsy
niln
cra.Jrbr{oe
JrHThe.
rrpH
eule
6onee
BbrcoKHX
ox(HAaeMbrx
Hanpq)KeHr4flx
B JronarKe,
a
TaKxe npn
cuJrruoli
3arpflBHeHHocru
BoAbr
raHocaM14-[,iln
HSrOioB
fiesus,
HanpaBJrffrorrlHx
JronaroK
rrpl{MeHfIoT
JrerHpo-
BaHuyio'
cranl c
Ao6asxofi
xponra. HailpaBJrffrorrlue
JronaTKu
Bbr,cox^oHanopHbrx
pa4ranbHo-oceBbrx
ryp6nn (c
HanopoM
ao'
750
rnr)
BbrnoJrHflrorcff
KoBaHbrM.H
H3
flenilpoBaHuofi
xpo,
2t2
Itucror?
craJru.
Ann
npeAorepau{eHun
a6paeuBHoro
HsHoca
oMbrBaeMble
rroBepxHocrH
Aera,ner?
HaiIpaBJIfltoluero
3[I:IIa-
para
cua6xarcrcs
cMeHHbrMH
o6naqoBi<aMi.r,
KaK
noKaSaHo
FIa
pnc.
l2-9.
l.nn
npeAorBparrleHn.q
noroM
KH
Aeraaeli
uanpaBJrrrorqe-
fo arnapaTa
npH
rrorr?A?HHH
Me)KAy
AByMfl
COCeAHHMH
JrO-
naTKaMH
LIHOpOAHOTO
Te/'Ia
U
pe3KOM
yBefiHrIeHHH
yCH,IIktfl
Pnc. i2-ii.
VcraHoexa
ilpflivtoocHbrx
cABoeHHbrx
cep-
BoMoropoB
Ha KpbruKe
ryp6rlHu.
2Ig
Ha
pHqarax
3Tr,tx
Jronaror(
B
rililre$rarHqecKyto
cxeMy nepe-
EAqH
OT
PCTYJIHPYTOUCTO
KOJIbUA
K
JIONATI{C
BKflIOqAIOT
tr
Puc. 12-12.
Cxeuu
npeAoxpar{HreJrbHbrx
ycrporlcrn
Ta
JronaTKH
HanpaBJrfiroqefo
anilapaTa.
a
t
6-noMKHe
cepbru;
I
H e-cpesHofi
nareq.
t)
B
MeXaHr.rSMe
rroBopo-
ijl
6)
I
J
al
6)
npeAoxpaHHTeJrbHbrx
npHcnoco6ndnrara
no'KasaHbr
Ha
puc.
l2-9
H
12-12.
3anaC
rporrHocrr4
npeAoxpaHnreJrbHoro
ycrpoftcrna
ro
pa6oq.eMy
yc]nJr%ro
pbrrrafa
npHHI4Maercf
AocTaTorrHo
Bbr,c€KHM
(nopn4ra
2,5).,
-rrro6br
He'nporz3orrrJro
caMoflpoH3B_OJrbHOrO
pa3pyrrreHHrr
JroMKofo
sJreMeHTa
npH
Hopt\4aJrbHorl
pa6ore
HJ|H
BbrxoAe
ryp6uHlr
B
pa3roH.
flpr'cpa6a'rsrBaHHH
rrpeAoxpaHHre/rbHoro
ycrpor)rcr,ea
JIOnarKa
orcoeAlrHfleTcfl
oT
MeXaHHSNIa
noBopoTa
H,
cBO-
6o,u,Ho
Bpauraacb
noA
4ericrnuerr
rnApaBruqecKux
cHJr,
Mo-
)I(er
yAapflTbcfl
o
coceAHHe
JIonarK'H,
BbI3bIBaff
noJIoMI(H
ux
[peAoxpaHHreJrbHblJ(
ycrpoftcrn
,H
npHBoAr
r{
ceptesHoli
aBapHH
MarunHbr,
Anq
npd4ornparqeHr.rs
eroro
nnneuun
pu-
2!4
A,Ai\ rh,
szwry
\%
qAftl
Ji0rlafOx
cna6)KalOrcn
ynopaMll,
oipahtitlllnakiiliryMli
pa3BopoT
JIOnaTKkr
Ha 3aKpbITHe.
'
B HarIpaBJIrIotqHX
anraparax
KpynHblx
rl'rAporyp6nn
HaruJrH
[pHMeHeIII4e
ycTaHaBJIHBaeMbIe
Ha
Kax{AOfi
nOnarxe
r4H
ALIBLr
Iy
aJI
bH
ble
cep
Bol\yl
oTo
p
bI Kp
bIJI
bq aToro Hilu
no
p
[IHe-
BOfo
rvlfia.
V,npanneHue
BceMI4
HHAHBI4Ay'aJIbHbIMH
cepBo-
MOTOpaMH
OCyUIeCTBJIferctl
or
tl6u{ero
pefyJlHpyloqeto
Prac.
12-13.
Hanpannnroutuft
annapar c
npHBoAoM
or
I,IHATIBLIAyaJTbHrIx
noprxHeBbrx
cepBoMoropoB
noBoporHoJronacrHori
typ6nnur
fOC
Eappa
EoHura
(Bpasnnun). Hanop
26
M;
qacrora
BpaIIIeHHn 128,6
o6/uun;
MorrrHocrb
35 MBt.
ii:oJrbr-(a
o6.nerqeHHoft
KoHcrp)/Ir-IIHH
(pzc. 12- 13)
.
[Ipnnae-
HeHr4e raKHX
CepBOMOTOpOB
nO3BOJIffer OTKaSaTbCfl
OT
npe-
AoxpaH,HTeJrbHbIX
yctpoficr,n
Ha raxAoI.i
JlonarKe.
Buecro
pa3pyuarcqnxcfl npeAoxpaHHreJIbHbtx
yctporicrn
Moryr
raK)Ke
npuMeHflrbcn
QpuxquoHHble
uy$ru vtnu ru6Kne
cBfl-
awi B
pa6ore
XnntresAop+a
t
paccMarpuBalorcfl
Bapl{aHrbr'
KOHCrpyKr\?Ir4
MeXaHr.rsMa
nOBOpOTa HanpaBJIflIOITIHX
Jrona-
TOK,
B
KOTOpOM
pblqaf HJIr4
Cepbra
Bbr[oJIHeHbr
B BraAe rH-
ApaBflHqecKHx
I{HJIkrHApoB.
IIpu
saKJIHHHBaHLTT4
JronarKH
noprxeHb
raxofi
rnApa,snnqecxorl cepbrr{
BABuraercff
B
lrr.r-
JruHAp,
6.naroAapfl
rreMy
He
npol4cxoAuT
HH
InoJIoMoK
Aera-
t
Hilgendorf
J. Selbstriickstellende
schauf,el
-
U,berlastsicherung.
-
<Voith
Nb
1.
hydraulische Lenker
als
Leit-
Vorsch.
u.
Konst,r.>,
l9(
1969)
,
2t5
.fiefi npuBofla,
tHv
HapyixeHl{ff
pa6o'rnt
oTAe,[bublx
.rrofia'I0it.
flocne
ycrpaHeHHfl
npHqlrHbr
saKiluttBatkrn
cepbra
Bo3Bpa-
ilIaeTCfl
B IIepBOIIaqaJIlrlloe
nOJIOlKeHHe.
,IIonarKH
HanpaBJrrrorqero anttapara.
B Ha-
npaB/IflIOIIIHX alnapaTax Kpy,nHbIX
ryp66,H
c
6OnlruHM
r{Hc-
JroM JronaroK
Qopua
npoQr4Jrrr
Jrorr
arKlr
BbrOupaercr
c
npfl-
MbrMH
yqacrKaMn
Ha
pa6o.lefi
H
runtnofi
cropoHax,
KaK
rroKa3aHo
Ha
pHc.
l2-14.
Taxas
Qopua
npoQa"rrn
o6-
fierqaer
o6pa6orKy
kr
KoH-
'rpoJrb
pa3MepoB
JrorraTKH.
To.uulnsa
npoSHnn
ebl6ra-
paeTcfl
no peKoMeHAarIHfM
NACA
nn6o Hs
vcrroBur
o6ecne.reHnfl
npouHbcru
Jro-
natxu
1.
Puc. 12-14.
@oprua
npoQr.rnr
Ha-
npaBJrflrolr(eii
.nonarKH, per(oMeHAye-
Man
NACA.
Kpznnsua
BxoAHoro
yqacrKa
npoQuna
u
aKcrleHrptrcl-
Ter
Jro[arKH
(cooruorueHi4e
AJrr.rH
Hocosori
[r xBocronorl
qa-
crefi
JronarKH
Ao
ToriKH BBaHMHoro
KacaHHfl
,Rlr)
nn6upa-
Iorcfl
TaKHM
o6pasou,
.1106r,l
npH
yrJrax
ycTaHoBKH
JronaroK
HailpaBaflrorrlefo
annapara
B
Auaila3oHe
oT noJrHofo
orKpbl-
THfl
AO
OTKpbrrHfl
XOJTOCTOfO
xOAa
ruApannH.{ecxHri
MoMeHT
Ha
JronarKe
Aeficrnosan
rra
3ar(pbrrr{e. tlpu
MaJIoM
rrprcJre
HanpaBJrrIou{HX
JronaroK
(zog
l2)
cKeJrer npo$rann BbrnoJr-
Hflercq
rro
Ayre
partryca
(0,5-l,l)Dr
Vro.rr
BbrxoAa H3
HanpaBJrflrorrlero
annapara
npu HoMH-
HaJrbHoM orKpbrrnr{ y
ryp6nH
c
xoe$QuqneHToM
6lrcrpo-
xoAHocrrr ns:20-250
Jre)KHr
B npeAeJrax 20-65".
3Ha,{e-
Hr4f
yrJroB
AaHbr
c
3anacoM
rHa
sopcupoBKy
oTKpbrTHf,
paB-
HbrM npHMepHo
l5%. Toquoe
sHaqeHne
yrJra
BbrxoAa H3
HanpaBJlfltolllefo
annapaTa
onpeAeJrfleTcfl
npH npoeKTHpo-
BaHHn
pa6ouero
KoJreca.
tlncno
JrorraroK
HanpaB/rflroulero
anilapara
zo,
KaK
rrpa-
BLrJro, nlr6upaercr
rrerHbrM.
B
BaBHcHMocrr4
or
paeMepa
ryp6Hntr
rHdrrpannqrcqiar?
alrtrapar
r.rsroraBJrnBaercf
c
12-
28
Jro.narKaMH. VeeJiHqerrHe
rrr4cfla
JronaroK
nogBoJrrer
yMeHbrn,r4Tb
g'HaMerp
HanpaBJrnrouero
arflap ara ryp6uust
u
coorBercrBeHHo rrrHpHHy
6noxa arperaTa
H
cTonMocrb
crpouTeJrbHbrx
pa6or
no
3AaHHro
fAC.
Kponre
roro,
c
yBe-
JIHqeHHeM
r{Hcfi
a Ha,npaBJrflrorqtrx
JronaToK
yMe,HbruaeTcfl
no-
rpe6Han
pa6orocnoco6socrb
cepBoMoropoB
HanpaBJrffrorqero
I
B_CCCP
Qopnna
npoQn"rrefr
HanpaBJrffrorrlrax
JronaroK
HopMaJrr{so.
BaHa.
(II pu.tt. ped.)
216
llpnaod
Wacnor
annapaTa.
vrr/Iel{bLueHHe
pa6o'rocnoco6uocrn
npollcxoAllT
rrpuMepHo
rIpoilopultoHa/IbHo
I
lzo.
PacnonolKeHHe
ynJIorlHLITeJrblrbrx
l(poMot( JIonarKli
oTFlo-
clrre/rbHo
ee
oca noBopoTa
onpeAeJlflercfl
orHoIIleHHeM Rlr
:
:Ko
(pnc.
12-15).
Benn.IHHa
sroro
orHoIIIeHHfl
nlt6npa-
ercfl
B
npeAe/Iax
I
,2-
I
,8,
tlro
npll
Mepllo
coorBercrByer
o'r'H
ocr4TeJI
bHoMy
SKCUeHTpHCHTeTy
n^-
-s;fu:o,o4bb
+
o,l48.
o:-
2(Rl
+R2)
C
yMeHbIIIeIlHeM
Ko
u
orHocl4TeJlbHoio
sKcqeHTpHcHTeTa
tlo
TOqKa
HyJIeBOTO
rHAPaBJIlIqeCKofO
MoMeHTa
cMeUIaeTCg
B
3oHy
MaJIbIX
orKpbITHli
u yeeJlHr{HBaeTCf
AHana3oFI
yTJIOB
)/craHoBKH
JIo[arKH,
rAe rHApaB,IIHqecxuit
tuol,teHT
Ha JIorlaT-
Ne
Aer?crByer
B
cropoHy
3al{pblrHf.
OlwonpeMeHrlo
yBe/IH-
O=15o.,
,20o
6)
N
\3
cD
qJ
.a
\
q)
Puc.
l2-15.
K
aHaJrrisy cuJroBbrx
xapaKrepucruK
HanpaBJIf,toulero
anna.
para.
a
-
KHHeMarHqecKas
cxeMa
MexaHrlsMa noBopora; 6
-
rnApasrnqecxnfi MoMeHT
Ha
nonaTKe
rtpH
pa3t{blx
SHaqetluflx
SKcqertrpllcuTera;
6
-To
xe nplt
Ko-1.3+l,it
c
yqeTolrt
MOM€HTa
CHJI
Tl)eHrllf
IIDH XOAC Ha
OTKI)l,lTIte H 3aKpblTlle:
-
-
HOD'
y(,nqlu1
pq6ora;
--- ---
p??foll:
?t7