Петрова О.В. Введение в теорию и практику перевода
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10. That morning just before luncheon the weather began to
show signs of clearing, and by half-past one the sun was
shining. (E.W.)
Exercise 23. Translate. What means do you employ to render
the meaning of the Past Perfect tense and the Perfect Infinitive?
1. “Maybe I shouldn’t say that. Bankers are not supposed to tell”.
“You didn’t tell”. They had come to the corner where Elm
angles into High Street. (J.S.)
2. “Croissant?” he asked. “No, thank you”, she said. “I’ve eaten”.
(I.S.)
3. I had just filled and lit a pipe when the telephone rang again.
(R.Ch.)
4. He was smaller than he had been two years ago. (M.S.)
5. I had nothing more to say. Indeed, I had said too much. (G.G.)
6. Ralph had stopped smiling and was pointing into the lagoon.
(W.G.)
7. Nulty didn't seem to have moved. He sat in his chair in the same
attitude of sour patience. (R.Ch.)
8. "What you been doing?" "What you ought to have done."
(R.Ch.)
9. It must have been forgotten that I was arriving that afternoon.
(J.F.)
10. Could I have dropped my wallet in the Pavillon? (G.G.)
11. Presently - it may have been within a few days or weeks - my
reading glasses arrived and I wore them whenever I
remembered to do so. (M.S.)
Exercise 24. Define the meaning of the underlined articles
and translate the sentences.
1. The officer is the one who gives the orders.(L.D.)
2. What wonderful news: the painting on my wall is a Rembrandt!
(L.D.)
3. I’d like a coffee, please. (L.D.)
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4. Utility, economy, and apparent durability are the qualities to be
sought for, I think. (E.W.)
5. During the fourteen years that I have been at Llanabba there
have been six sport days and two concerts ... (E.W.)
6. It is easy to look back and paint a picture of how things went. At
the time it was all unclear. (M.S.)
7. "You are the Mrs Florian whose husband once ran a place of
entertainment on Central Avenue?" (R.Ch.)
8. [Nulty turned over a photo that was lying face down on his desk
and handed it to me. It was a police mug, front and profile, with
a fingerprint classification underneath]. "That's the boy."
(R.Ch.)
9. She opened the second door they came to and went a step in,
holding the handle, watching him, uncannily like the patronne
[Fr.- the mistress of the hotel] at the hotel where he had stayed
the previous night. (J.F.)
10. (The negro bent regretfully and heaved a city directory up on
top of the desk and pushed it towards me ...) There was a Jessie
Florian ... in the book. (R.Ch.)
11. [Malwern, a private detective - hero of the story, - is making
his way through a fighting crowd in a night club] Malvern
shook an arm off ... (R.Ch.)
Exercise 25. Define the function of the infinitive in each
sentence. Translate them.
1. The trouble is, you need capital to start. (J.S.)
2. You’ve given me a lot to chew on… But I wonder if you can
give me some little idea of when you will start”. (J.S.)
3. He was alone ... Alone with his heart, his boot, his life to
come ... (J.G.)
4. "To work", said the Doctor, "We have a lot to see to." (E.W.)
5. "Grimes," he said, "I can't keep you in the House after what has
happened. I have the other boys to consider." (E.W.)
6. Nulty paused to collect a little breath and wait for my
comments. (R.Ch.)
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7. ... it seemed too good an opportunity to be missed. (E.W.)
8. I held the phone tight enough to crack it. (R.Ch.)
9. Alex shook my hand ... and slapped me on the shoulder with a
palm that was tough enough to crack a black walnut. (R.P.W.)
10. He got to Orly [airport in Paris] to find the flight was delayed
for half an hour. (J.F.)
11. I'm afraid you'll find my attitude rather difficult to
understand. (E.W.)
Exercise 26. Single out absolute constructions, analyze their
structure. Translate the sentences.
1. The May day was a late reminder of March, the sun having
abruptly gone in behind gray-white clouds that, colored and
curled like a sheep’s back, lay low in the sky. (B.P.)
2. At last Ralph ceased to blow and sat there, the conch trailing
from one hand, his head bowed on his knees. (W.G.)
3. As the bell stopped ringing Dr Fagan swept into the hall, the
robes of a Doctor of Philosophy swelling and billowing about
him. (E.W.)
4. The prowl boys ... walk in, the front door not being locked.
(R.Ch.)
5. He was a boy of perhaps six years, sturdy and fair, his clothes
torn, his face covered with a sticky mess of fruit. (W.G.)
6. The boys stood ranged along the panelled walls, each holding in
his hands a little pile of books. (E.W.)
7. Bryce-Green was sitting, with cigar held out and mouth a little
open ... (J.G.)
8. ... Francesca had them photographed with a low table set with a
lace-edged tray of afternoon tea and the sun streaming in the
window. (M.S.)
9. I went. I worked around the edge of the grandstand, through the
crowd, with Willie's voice hammering on the eardrums and
shaking dead leaves off the oak trees. (R.P.W.)
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10. Close to the road a cow would stand knee-deep in the mist,
with horns damp enough to have a pearly shine in the
starlight ... (R.P.W.)
Exercise 27. Translate the following, paying attention to
causative verbs.
1. His wife ... had been compelled ..., owing to the ailing state of
their child, to go up to the mountains to her mother ... (Th.D.)
2. He had a shower and forced himself to reread his draft
introduction to "The Art of Henry Breasley" ... (J.F.)
3. The country air tempted us to get up early. (B.Sh.)
4. ... she continued the story how she was led to give up general
practice and take up psychology. (M.S.)
5. "We got to find the others. We got to do something." (W.G.)
6. If you could try and get her to talk. (J.F.)
7. Why don't you get him to see you in town sometime? (R.P.W.)
8. [The child comes home and the parent puts the hooks on him ...]
All he wants is to have his child sit in a chair for a couple of
hours and then go off to bed under the same roof. (R.P.W.)
9. It's all up with his candidature. He'll be laughed out of the town.
(B.Sh.)
10. [Under such circumstances many other women besides Mrs
Dungeon find themselves sitting up all night waiting for news.]
Like her, too, they fall asleep towards morning at the risk of
nodding themselves into the kitchen fire. (B.Sh.)
Exercise 28. Translate the following emphatic sentences.
What means of emphasis were used by the authors? How is
adequacy of translation achieved?
1. “You seem to have got over your mullygrabs”
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"I had them…
yesterday. Don’t know where they come from”. “Don’t I know!
Sometimes with me not for the usual reason”. (J.S.)
2. Not for five minutes could they drag themselves away from this
triumph. (W.G.)
5
mullygrabs,mulligrabs – сплин, хандра, тоска
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3. "On your marks! Get set." Bang went Mr Philbrick's revolver.
Off trotted the boys on another race. (E.W.)
4. It should have been stuff called eserine. That's what she usually
had, the doctor says. (M.S.)
5. Well, that's what we all think about him, anyway. (E.W.)
6. I think it was then she recognized me. (M.S.)
7. There was a strong hope that Miss Simmonds' one eye would
survive. It was she who made up the prescription. (M.S.)
8. "But I expect I'm boring you?" "No, do go on." (E.W.)
9. I knew he was going to select one sheet of paper from the sheaf,
and this one document would be the exciting, important one ...
He did extract one long sheet of paper, and hold it up. (M.S.)
10. "And now I am going to play the organ”, said Beste-
Chetwynde. "After all, my mother does pay five guineas a term
extra for me to learn." (E.W.)
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TEXTS FOR TRANSLATION
Text 1
MATCHING THE MAN AND THE RIGHT JOB
Art Buchwald
Vice President
Glucksville Dynamics
Glucksville, California
Dear Sir:
I am writing in regard to employment with your firm.
I have a B.S. from USC and a Ph.D. in physics from the California
Institute of Technology.
In my previous position I was in charge of research and
development for the Harrington Chemical Co. We did work in
thermo-nuclear energy, laser beam refraction, hydrogen molecule
development, and heavy water computer data.
Several of our research discoveries have been adapted for
commercial use, and one particular breakthrough in linear
hydraulics is now being used in every oil company in the country.
Because of the cutback in defense orders, the Harrington Co.
decided to shut down its research and development department. It
is for this reason I am available for immediate employment.
Hoping to hear from you in the near future, I remain
Sincerely yours,
Edward KASE
Dear Mr. Kase:
We regret to inform you that we have no positions available
for someone of your excellent qualifications. The truth of the
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matter is that we find you are "overqualified" for any position we
might offer you in our organization. Thank you for thinking of us,
and if anything comes up in the future, we will be getting in touch
with you.
Yours truly,
Merriman HASELBALD
Administrative Vice President
Personnel Director
Jessel International Systems
Crewcut, Mich.
Dear Sir:
I am applying for a position with your company in any
responsible capacity. I have had a college education and have
fiddled around in research and development. Occasionally we have
come up with money-making ideas. I would be willing to start off
at a minimal salary to prove my value to your firm.
Sincerely yours,
Edward KASE
Dear Mr. Kase:
Thank you for your letter of the 15th. Unfortunately, we have
no positions at the moment for someone with a college education.
Frankly, it is the feeling of everyone here that you are
"overqualified", and your experience indicates that you would be
much happier with a company that could make full use of your
talents.
It was kind of you to think of us.
Hardy LANDSDOWNE
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Personnel Dept.
To whom it may concern
Geis & Waterman, Inc.
Ziegfried, III.
Dere Ser,
I'd like a job with your outfit. I can do anything you want me
to. You name it, Kase will do it. I ain't got no education and no
experience, but I'm strong and I got moxy an I get along great with
people. I'm ready to start any time because I need the bread. Let
me know when you want me.
Sincerely yours,
Edward KASE
Dear Mr. Kase
You are just the person we have been looking for. We need a
truck driver, and your qualifications are perfect for us. You can
begin working in our Westminster plant on Monday. Welcome
aboard.
Carson PETERS,
Personnel
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Text 2
TALKING LIKE YOUR PARENTS? YOU COULD DO WORSE
John Rosemond
In this time of widespread parent-bashing, it's risky to be
writing a column in praise of the attitudes my parents' generation
brought to the job of raising children, but I've always been a risk-
taker, so...
Like most parents, mine were imperfect. But despite their
inadequacies and excesses, their neuroses and worse, they had
some good ideas about raising children. Their child-rearing
philosophy - the same philosophy subscribed to by most parents of
their generation (and previous ones) - consisted of a handful of
sayings which they often quoted in my presence. Needless to say,
these "parenting proverbs" - or, more accurately, "pre-parenting
proverbs" - never failed to irritate me. It took me two children of
my own to adjust my idealism to the realities of child-rearing and
begin to appreciate what my parents were trying to express.
Perhaps the most irritating of all was "because I said so". So
irritating, in fact, that young Willie and John Rosemond pledged
never to say those four words to their children. It wasn't long
before we found ourselves in a constant state of verbal warfare
with one child or another. It finally dawned on us that "because I
said so" is a statement of fact, nothing more. It says, "You must do
what you are told, not because I am successful at explaining myself
to you, but because I tell you." In other words, authority is not up
for grabs in the family. Parents are in charge. Children are free to
disagree, but not to disobey.
Then there was "children should be seen and not heard”, the
lynchpin of an all-but-lost child-rearing philosophy. Specifically,
this meant that when in the company of adults, children were to
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pay attention, not clamor for it. In other words, children should
look up to adults more than adults look down at children. More
generally, "seen and not heard" meant that adults should supervise
children well, but not become highly involved with them. They
were to maintain a certain respectful distance from children,
thereby enabling children to learn, by trial and error, how to stand
on their own two feet. Both of these understandings have since
been turned upside-down. These days, parents seem to believe
more attention should go from parent to child than from child to
parent. Then they wonder why children ignore them when they
speak. This generation of parents believes the more you close the
distance between yourself and your child, the better parent you are.
They then wonder why children don't want to face challenges on
their own. I also heard "you can't get something for nothing" a lot.
This was sometimes expressed as "you have to earn your keep
around here." Translate: Children should be fully responsible,
contributing members of the family. As a child, I had
responsibilities, and I had freedoms. If I wanted my freedoms, I
had to be responsible. Give and take. Reciprocity. Simple as that.
Many of today's kids lack this fundamental moral. They benefit
from membership in their families, but are rarely, if ever, required
to put effort of any sort back into the system. No surprise, then,
that employers often tell me many young people want a full
paycheck for less than a full day's work. A child's lessons -
whatever they are - always begin at home.
Text 3
INVESTING IN PAPER
Art Buchwald
Every time you pick up the newspaper, you see
advertisements screaming the words "TAX FREE" at you. I'm not
knocking it since the ads pay my salary, but it seems to me that
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