Paterson J. A Dictionary of Colour - A Lexicon of the Language of Colour (анг. яз.)
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n leucoderma, leukoderma
The condition of the skin when it lacks normal pigmentation. See also vitiligo.
a leucomelanous
Having a light complexion but dark hair and eyes.
n leucophores
Chromatophores with a white pigment.
a leucospermous
Bearing white seeds.
a leucous
White or albino.
c Levant red
See Turkey red.
n liaison
A device used by Eugène Delacroix (1799-1863) whereby he connected two objects
by reflecting the colour of one of them in the depiction of the other.
c lichen-green
The whitish-green of the lichen plant.
n light
The natural medium without which sight and colour would not be possible.
c LightBlue
One of the 140 colours in the X11 Color Set. It has hex code #ADD8E6.
n light box
A piece of equipment with coloured fluorescent lights
(typically, blue and red) used to treat acne. The blue light when
applied to the surface of the skin generates oxygen which
helps to kill bacteria while the red light encourages healing.
Also a form of decoration or work of art in its own right. See
light therapy.
adjective a
adverb adv
a colour c
noun n
prefix pr
suffix su
verb vb
234 A DICTIONARY OF COLOUR
n light bulb
A glass bulb containing a filament and gas which produces light when an electric
current is applied. Long-lasting bulbs using LEDs have been invented in Japan
and at Cambridge University – the first using gallium nitride and capable of burning
for 100,000 hours and the second capable of lasting for 50 years and using only
one-tenth of the electricity normally required.
a light-coloured
Having a light or pale colour. European legislation requires workers in abattoirs
to wear ‘light-coloured’ overalls.
c LightCoral
A pinkish red colour – one of the 140 colours in the X11 Color Set. It has hex
code #F08080.
c LightCyan
One of the colours in the X11 Color Set. Its hex code is #E0FFFF.
n lightfastness
The permanence of a colour, pigment or dye; the degree to which a colour or
paint is resistant to change or to fading when exposed to light. Hence ‘light-fast’.
See permanence. Lightfastness is measured by a number of standards including
the Blue Wool Scale originating in the UK and by the ASTM which is based in
the US. Lightfastness is a characteristic of each particular pigment. The light
absorbed by a colorant is converted to heat which will affect the permanence of
the colorant according to its molecular composition. A tint of a colour may well
have a very different lightfastness rating from that of the mass-tone of that colour
and lightfastness can depend on the ground, substratum or paper on which it
is painted or printed.
c LightGoldenrodYellow
A colour in the X11 Color Set. It has hex code #FAFAD2.
c LightGreen
A colour in the X11 Color Set. Hex code #90EE90.
c LightGrey
Another of the colours in the X11 Color Set. Hex code #D3D3D3.
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n lighthouse
The last manned lighthouse in the UK (North Foreland in Kent) went over to
computerised automatic mode in November 1998.
a lightless
Very dark, without any light.
n lightness
That attribute of a colour which indicates the extent of the light which it reflects;
used sometimes as a synonym for brightness in colour notation.
n lightning
A flash of light caused by an electrical discharge during a thunderstorm.
c LightPink
One of the 140 colours in the X11 Color Set. It has hex code #FFB6C1.
a lightproof
As regards a pigment, resistant to change from light.
c light red
A brownish red made by calcifying yellow ochre.
c LightSalmon
One of the colours in the X11 Color Set. It has hex code #FFA07A.
c LightSeaGreen
Another of the colours in the X11 Color Set. It has hex code #20B2AA.
n lightship
A sea-going vessel equipped to serve as a lighthouse warning other ships of danger.
a light-skinned
Having a pale complexion.
c LightSkyBlue
One of the colours in the X11 Color Set. It has hex code #87CEFA.
236 A DICTIONARY OF COLOUR
c LSlateGray
One of the colours in the X11 Color Set. It has hex code #778899.
c LightSteelBlue
One of the colours in the X11 Color Set. It has hex code #B0C4DE.
c light straw
The colour of white wine.
n light therapy
The practice of using light and colour to cure disease and other disorders; also
referred to as light medicine. See colour therapy and light box.
c LightYellow
One of the colours in the X11 Color Set. It has hex code #FFFFE0.
c lilac
The pale purple colour of lilac blossom. See anil. Pertaining to lesbianism; see
lavender.
a lilaceous
Having the colour of lilac.
a lilacky or lilacy
Having a lilac colour.
c lily-green
The green of the lily. Rarely used, but compare ‘lily-white’.
a lily-livered
See Phrases.
c lily-white
The pristine white of the lily (Shakespeare’s Midsummer Night’s Dream Act3
Scene1) and extended to indicate someone who is beyond reproach or guilt.
c lime
The green or yellowy green of the fruit, lime.
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c Lime
Another of the 140 colours in the X11 Color Set. It has hex code #00FF00.
c lime blue
A moderate blue.
c lime green
A greenish yellow or olive colour; a pale green.
c LimeGreen
One of the colours in the X11 Color Set. It has hex code #32CD32.
n limelight
Before electricity, stage lighting consisted of burning lime. See green room.
c limestone
A brownish grey colour.
n limestone
A mineral dyestuff producing white.
c lime white
Having the colour of calcium oxide or lime.
c lime yellow
A medium yellow or greenish yellow.
a lime-proof
As regards a pigment, resistant to change from lime.
n lime-resisting colours
Those colours or pigments which do not react to alkali and
can thus be applied to surfaces recently plastered.
vb limn; to
To draw or paint in water colours; to draw or paint in outline.
n limonite
An iron ore producing a yellow pigment.
adjective a
adverb adv
a colour c
noun n
prefix pr
suffix su
verb vb
238 A DICTIONARY OF COLOUR
c Lincoln green
A yellowish green colour being the colour of cloth of the same name and associated
with Robin Hood and his band of outlaws.
c linden green
A greenish yellow.
a lineated
Marked with lines.
c Linen
A light beige colour – one of the 140 colours in the X11 Color Set. It has hex
code #FAF0E6.
n linseed
Drying oil used to alter the consistency and drying time of oil colours.
n lip-colour
Cosmetic colouring for the lips; lipstick.
n lipochrin
According to the OED, ‘a yellow colouring matter obtained by treating the eyes
of frogs with ether after removing the retinæ’.
n lipochrome
Natural pigment in animals and plants containing a lipid – usually red or yellow.
pr liro- (G)
Pale.
n lissamine green
A stain used in eye testing.
n litharge
A yellow or brownish olive colour; a by-product of melting white lead also referred
to as massicot.
n lithol red
A red azo dye or pigment.
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n lithopone
A white pigment used in paint-making.
n litmus
The blue colouring agent derived from lichens and giving rise to ‘the litmus test’
on account of the fact that when an alkaline solution is applied litmus paper turns
blue whereas it turns red with an acid solution. From the Old Norse litmosi being
a compound of litr meaning colour and mosi meaning moss. Sometimes known
as lacmus or fucus.
c Littler’s blue
A vivid blue used to decorate porcelain.
c liver-colour
The reddish-brown of the liver. Hence, ‘liver-coloured’ or ‘hepatic’.
n livery
The distinctive colours or markings on a commercial vehicle or included in the
packaging of a product intended to promote the brand or trade mark of the owner
or manufacturer; originating from the uniform worn by the servants of a particular
landowner or by guild members. According to a survey reported in the The Evening
Standard on 8.11.00, 62 per cent of shoppers purchase goods because of the colour
of the packaging.
a livid
Bluish; black and blue; lead colour; pale. A word with a history of shifting meanings.
Originally indicating black and blue (the colouring of bruising) from the Latin
lividus, but used to designate many other colours including lead-colour; grey;
ashen; blackish; and purple. Possibly from the Old Slav word ‘sliva’, a plum (from
which the Russian drink slivovitz originates). As from the 20th century the word
has taken on the meaning of ‘intensely angry’ – possibly in reference to the fact
that intense anger can give rise to all or any of the above colours. That the colour-
word has been hijacked in this way is remarkable particularly seeing that anger
is usually associated with the colour red (see, for example, red mist).
pr livid- (L)
Ashen, black and blue, blueish.
c lizard-green
A shade of green resembling the colour of a lizard.
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n local colour
The actual colour of something when seen close up in daylight or white light as
opposed to its apparent colour distorted by the effect of a shadow or by the
absorption of the longer wavelengths when viewed from a distance; those detailed
characteristic features of a particular period or place which when described create
an authentic picture.
c loden
Dark green after the cloth of the same name.
n logwood
A dye extracted from logwood and used as a colorant for inks, textiles, silk, nylon,
leather, hair and pigments; see also haematoxylin.
c London purple
A shade of purple.
c lotus-colour
The pinkish-orange colour of padparadscha sapphires – padparadscha being the
Sinhalese for lotus-colour.
a loud
As regards colour, brash or noisy.
c lovat
Dull green; from the Scottish town and used in reference to Tweed cloth. Originally
‘Lovatt’. Sometimes ‘lovat green’.
n Lovibond tintometer
An instrument for measuring the colours of a particular object or substance.
n lowlights
A procedure whereby streaks of hair are dyed (but not bleached) to give a tone
slightly darker than the rest of the head. See also highlights.
a lucent
Glowing with light; giving light.
pr luci- (L)
Light.
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a lucid
Bright, shining.
n lucidity
The quality of being lucid.
n luciferin
A substance in organisms such as fireflies and glow-worms which, when oxidized,
produces light.
a luciferous
Illuminating; giving light.
a lucifugous
Avoiding light.
vb lucubrate; to
To work by artificial light.
a luculent
Transparent, shining.
n lumen
A unit of light intensity referred to as ‘lm’. See lux and phot.
n luminance
The quality of emitting light. ‘Colours are only symbols. Reality is to be found in
luminance alone’ Pablo Picasso (1881-1973).
n luminescence
The emission of light without the aid of heat as fluorescence
and phosphorescence; measures the amount of light in a
particular shade. A 0 degree of luminescence produces black
while 240 produces white.
a luminescent
Light-emitting.
adjective a
adverb adv
a colour c
noun n
prefix pr
suffix su
verb vb
242 A DICTIONARY OF COLOUR
a luminiferous
Transmitting, producing or generating light.
n luminophore
A substance which produces light.
n luminosity
The quality of being luminous. The luminosity of stars is classified in astronomy
by reference to Roman numerals I to VI with type I indicating the brightest.
a luminous
Emitting light; bright; glowing; an adjective of colour indicating a glaringly bright
hue, such as ‘luminous pink’, hence ‘luminous colour’.
n luminous paint
Paint with a fluorescent, phosphorescent or similar pigment which after exposure
to light continues for varying periods of time to glow in the dark; a type of radioactive
paint used to mark out the hands or figures in wrist watches.
a lurid
Greyish-orange; pale,wan, sallow as regards the face; shining or glaring.
n Lüscher colour test
A diagnostic procedure devised by the psychologist Max Lüscher in the 1940’s
to enable psychologists to test personality. It involves the subject selecting those
colours (out of a selection of 73 in its extended format) which are the most and
the least pleasing.
n lustre
Gloss or sheen; the condition of having a shiny or luminous surface; refulgence.
a lustrous
Brilliant.
pr lute-, luteo- (L)
Yellow, yellowish-brown, yellowish-orange.
n lutein
Yellow colouring from yolk of the egg.